/
THE
GOLDEN BOOK
OF
INDIA
A GENEALOGICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE
RULING PRINCES, CHIEFS, NOBLES, AND OTHER
PERSONAGES, TITLED OR DECORATED
OF THE INDIAN EMPIRE
BY
SIR ROPER LETHBRIDGE, K.C.I. E.
MACMILLAN AND CO.
AND NEW YORK
1893
A II rights reserved
Printed by R. & R. CLARK, Edinburgh
'By Special ^Permission
DEDICATED
TO
HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY
QUEEN EMPRESS OF INDIA
INTRODUCTION
i. SOURCES OF INFORMATION.
O official authority whatever attaches to this work, or to any
statement in it. The Editor has received the most kind and
valuable assistance from all those Indian officials who have
charge of matters relating to Dignities and Titles ; but he is
alone responsible for the contents of The Golden Book of
India. Much of the information has been derived from the Princes, Noble-
men, and Gentlemen whose names are included herein. To each one has
been sent, so far as it has been found possible, a prospectus of this work, with
a request for information, and with specimens of the form in which that
information is desired; and in every case in which that appeal has been
responded to, the fullest consideration has been given to the particulars
submitted for insertion. It is hoped that, now the work in its experimental
form is once before the Indian public, all those who are interested in its
accuracy will send their suggestions, whether for additions, or for alterations
or corrections, direct to the Editor, care of Messrs. Macmillan and Co.,
29 Bedford Street, Covent Garden, London, W.C. It will readily be under-
stood that in a work of such magnitude, involving reference to some thousands
of persons, individual correspondence must be impossible ; and consequently
the Editor, while assuring those who favour him with their communications
that these shall receive the most careful attention, hopes that he will be
forgiven if he is unable to reply separately to each one.
The task of compiling this much-needed work has been of far greater
difficulty than was expected. Some of the difficulty has been due to its
novelty ; for among those who have sent information regarding themselves
and their families, there has naturally been little uniformity in method or
scale. This difficulty will, it is anticipated, soon disappear. But the chief
difficulty has been owing to the fact that India stands alone among civilised
nations in possessing no special Department, College, or Chancery, charged
with the duty a very necessary duty from the point of view alike of
Vlil THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
expediency and of national dignity of recording and certifying national
honours and titles, of regulating their conferment, and of controlling their
devolution where hereditary. The Foreign Department of the Government
of India, being that Department which has charge of the relations of the
Paramount Power with the Feudatory States and their Rulers, naturally and
properly directs so much of this business of State as cannot by any possibility
be shirked. But the question of the very necessary establishment of a
Heralds' College, or a Chancery of Dignities, has only once (in 1877)
been seriously faced and then its solution was postponed.
The results of this neglect are already deplorable, and must ere long
receive the attention of the Government of India. Indian titles are officially
defined to be, either by grant from Government, i.e. a new creation by Her
Imperial Majesty the Queen Empress through her representative; or "by
descent, or by well-established usage." The Government alone can be the
judge of the validity of claims, and of their relative strength, in the case of
titles acquired by "descent" or by "well-established usage." And it is clear
that this Royal Prerogative, to be properly used, ought to be exercised openly
and publicly through the medium of a regular College or Chancery. It is,
of course, true that the Foreign Department possesses a mass of more or less
confidential information, and thoroughly efficient machinery, for deciding all
questions of the kind, when such questions are submitted to, or pressed upon,
the notice of Government. But when that is not the case, there seems to be
no public authority or accessible record for any of the ordinary Indian titles,
or for the genealogy of the families holding hereditary titles. Much confusion
has already arisen from this, and more is likely to arise. In the Lower
Provinces of Bengal alone, there are at this moment some hundreds of
families possessing, and not uncommonly using, titles derived from extinct
dynasties or from common repute, yet not hitherto recognised formally by
the British Government ; and these, sometimes justly, but more frequently
perhaps unjustly, are in this way placed in a false and invidious position.
The State regulation of all these matters, in a plain and straightforward
manner, would undoubtedly be hailed with pleasure in India by princes and
people alike.
In equal uncertainty is left, in many cases, the position of the descend-
ants of ancient Indian royal and noble families ; as also that of the Nobles
of Feudatory States, the subjects of ruling and mediatised princes.
Then, too, there is endless confusion in the banners, badges, and devices
that are borne, either by the custom of the country or by personal assump-
tion, by various families and individuals. Tod's learned work on The Annals
of Rdjdsthdn^ taught us long ago that badges and family emblems were as
1 Colonel Tod says : "The martial Rajpoots are not strangers to armorial bearings. . . . The
great banner of Mewar exhibits a golden Sun on a crimson field ; those of the chiefs bear a
Dagger. Amber displays \hepanehranga, or five-coloured flag. The lion rampant on an argent
field is extinct with the State of Chanderi. In Europe these customs were not introduced till
the period of the Crusades, and were copied from the Saracens ; while the use of them amongst
INTRODUCTION IX
characteristic of Rajput chivalry as of the feudalism of Europe appealing to
similar sentiments, and similarly useful for historical and genealogical purposes.
To this day hundreds of Chiefs and country gentlemen in Rajputana, in
Central India, in Kathiawar, and in many other parts, use their ancestral
devices in their seals or accompanying their signature. Thus every petty
Thakur (as well as Chiefs of higher degree), from Oudh in the East to
the Western Sea, who can trace his descent from the proud Chauhan
clan of Rajputs that gave the last Hindu Emperors to Delhi and Ajmir,
still claims his ancestral right to the Chauhan santak, or device on seal
and for signature, called the "Chakra" (see the drawing at p. 100).
Figures of Hanumdn (the Monkey God), of the Sacred Peacock, and of the
Sacred Garur or Eagle, take the place, in the heraldry of the East, of the lions,
the leopards, and the fleur-de-lys of the more elaborate and artificial coat-
armour of the West. The kulcha, or "lucky chapdti" (biscuit), with the
silver quatrefoils, on the green flag of the Nizam, the red oriflamme of the
" Sun of the Hindus " (the Maharana of Udaipur), the falcon of Marwar,
the Gangetic dolphin of Darbhanga, the white and green stripes of the late
Sir Salar Jang, and many other hereditary devices and emblems, have long
been and still are familiar in India. But there seems to be no authority by
whom the use of such emblems is directed or controlled ; nor has the
Government of India ever had the prudence to avail itself of the rich store
of revenue that might easily, and indeed (from the historical and genealogical
point of view) usefully, be raised from the fees and duties to be derived
from the extended use of armorial bearings. It is hoped that the publication
of this work may have some influence in inducing the Government of India
to establish that very necessary institution, a Heralds' College or Chancery of
Dignities, in connection with its Political Department or, perhaps better,
to petition Her Majesty to attach a duly-constituted Indian Department to
the College of Arms in London under the Garter King of Arms.
In the existing circumstances it may be hoped only temporarily existing
described above, the Editor has felt constrained, very reluctantly in many
cases, to decline to insert the particulars of any titles that have not been
more or less formally recognised by the Government of India, except in
about half a dozen very special cases, where there could not by any possibility
be any doubt of the authenticity of the claims. For instance, in the case of
the Raikat of Baikanthpur, in the district of Jalpaiguri, Bengal, the title appears
to be unique in India and there can be no doubt whatever that it has been
borne by something like twenty generations of hereditary kinsmen of the Rajas
of Kuch Behar ; some account of this singularly interesting title has been
inserted, though there is some reason to doubt whether it appears in any
the Rajpooc tribes can be traced to a period anterior to the war of Troy. In the Maha-
bharat, or Great War, twelve hundred years before Christ, we find the hero Bheesama exult-
ing over his trophy, the banner of Arjoona, its field adorned with the figure of the Indian
Hanumdn. These emblems had a religious reference amongst the Hindus, and were taken
from their mythology, the origin of all devices." Annals of Rdjdsthdn, vol. i. pp. 123,
124.
a 2
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
official list. And so, too, with a few well-known courtesy titles (see 8 of this
Introduction).
2. METHOD OF ARRANGEMENT.
After much thought and deliberation, it has been determined that, at
least for this first edition of The Golden Book which in many respects must
necessarily have something of the nature of an experiment the Arrangement
of the work shall be simply alphabetical. In future editions it is possible
that the volume may be divided into separate parts, distinguishing between
Ruling Princes on the one hand, and Dignitaries and Titled Personages of
British India on the other or possibly distinguishing between Territorial
Titles and others. But the difficulties of classification would be exceedingly
great in a large number of cases, and any attempt in that direction would
certainly greatly delay the appearance of the work. And, after all, even the
most careful and accurate classification would, for practical purposes, be of
very little use ; for, as the next section of this Introduction will show, there
is at present no strict gradation of titles and of some titles the relative
values, strange as this may seem, are different in different parts of India.
In India itself, the relative social importance of the various Dignitaries
included in this work is well known, and any attempt further closely to
define precedence would be an invidious as well as unnecessary task.
For European readers it may perhaps be sufficient to give very rough and
general analogies from the European system. For instance, the relative posi-
tion of such potentates as the Nizam of the Deccan or the Maharaja of
Mysore to the Indian Empire may not unfitly be compared with that of the
King of Saxony to the German Empire. The hereditary Maharajas, Rajas,
and Nawabs of British India occupy a position very similar to that of the
British Peerage at home ; while the holders of the lower titles may be com-
pared with our Knights Bachelors, and the Knights and Companions of the
Military Orders. Among the ruling chiefs, their comparative position and
importance may also be estimated by observing the area and population of
their respective States, as compared with the smaller Kingdoms and Princi-
palities of Central Europe.
3. INDIAN TITLES : GENERAL.
A list of one hundred and ninety-six different titles known to the Govern-
ment of India has been compiled in the Indian Foreign Office. Even this
long list can hardly be regarded as exhaustive, for it does not include many
dynastic appellations which have come to be regarded in the light of titles,
such as Gaekwdr^ the dynastic name of the Maharajas of Baroda ; Sindhia,
that of the Maharajas of Gwalior ; Holkar^ that of the Maharajas of Indore.
Nor does it include such titles as that of Yuvardj or Jubardj (Youthful Raja),
often applied (as lately in Manipur) to the heir to the Raj. And it is of
course exclusive of the, Military Orders of Knighthood.
INTRODUCTION
The majority of these titles are Hindu (derived chiefly from the Sanskrit
language), or Muhammadan (derived chiefly from the Persian). The Bur-
mese titles, though lengthy, are few in number ; while still fewer are Ara-
kanese (or Magh), Thibetan, Afghan, Baluch, Somali, etc. Two distinguished
Parsi families have received the English title of Baronet ; wKile one Madras
family, the descendants of the old Nawabs of the Carnatic, has the English
title of "Pjince of Arcot," called also " Amir-i-Arcot." The title of Prince
is also often given by courtesy as the English rendering of the title of " Shah-
zada," conferred by Her Majesty the Empress on certain descendants of the
Tippu dynasty of Mysore, of the old kings of Oudh, and of former Amirs
of Afghanistan.
Some Indian titles are personal ; others have been recognised by Her
Majesty as hereditary. It is intended in this work to distinguish those which
are hereditary from those which are personal.
In the list of one hundred and ninety-six titles mentioned above (which
is given below, in section 1 1 of this Introduction, with a glossary of their
meanings where known), some are specific titles, analogous to the English
" Duke," " Earl," etc. ; such are Maharaja, Rdjd, Nawdb. Some are
descriptive titles, somewhat analogous to the " Defender of the Faith " borne
by our Gracious Sovereign ; such are Shams her Jang ("The Sword of War"),
a title borne by His Highness the Maharaja of Travancore, and Path Jang,
one of the many titles borne by His Highness the Nizam of the Deccan.
Titles of the latter form are generally confined to a single personage or
dynasty; but a few are common to more than one State, as Lokendra ("Pro-
tector of the World "), borne by the Chiefs of Dholpur and Dattia.
4. INDIAN TITLES : RULING CHIEFS.
The normal or typical title of Chiefs or Nobles of Hindu descent is Rdjd
(in the feminine Rant), or some of its numerous kindred forms. Some of the
latter are Rand, Rao, Rdwal, Rdwat, Rai, Raikwdr, Raikbdr, Raikat. To
these is added, to indicate excess of rank, the prefix Mahd (" Great "), as in
Mahdrdjd, Mahdrdnd, Mahdrao, Mahdrdj-Rdnd, etc. The affix Bahadur
("Brave," "The Hero") is very commonly added (as an extra honorific) to
all Indian titles, Muhammadan as well as Hindu, and is placed at the end of
the name, much like the English " Esquire." Saheb is a somewhat similar
affix, and is very commonly used as a courteous form of address ; when used
as the supplement of a title it indicates a rank somewhat less than Bahadur,
thus Rao Bahadur and Khan Bahadur are titles usually of rather more con-
sideration than Rao Saheb or Khan Saheb. Thdkur is also a frequently-used
Hindu title. Some important feudatory Chiefs bear no other title, but it
usually is of less consideration than Rdjd.
Diwdn and Sarddr are titles very similar in character to that of Thdkur ;
but they are common to Hindus and Muhammadans.
The normal or typical title of a Chief or Noble of Muhammadan descent
Xli THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
is Nawdb (with Begam as its feminine form) ; usually with the honorific suffix
of Bahddur, and in forms of courteous address with that of Saheb. The
title of Shdhzdda (" King's Son ") is given to some descendants of the Tippu
dynasty of Mysore, to some descendants of former Amirs of Kabul, and to
some descendants of the old Kings of Oudh. Other Muhammadan titles
sometimes equivalent in consideration to Nawdb, but not always are Wali,
Sultan, Amir, Mir, Mirza, Mian, Khdn ; also Sarddr and Diwd%, which are
common to Hindus and Muhammadans.
Among the Ruling Chiefs there are some exceptional titles, due sometimes
to differences of language, sometimes to other known causes, and sometimes
of unknown origin. The first and greatest of all the Princes of the Empire
is always known as the Nizam of the Deccan a relic of the time when His
Highness's ancestors were mediatised kings under the Emperor of Delhi.
The title, though implying in itself fealty to an Imperial authority, is one of
the highest dignity, and can hardly be translated by any European title less
august than " king " ; it is therefore a suitable title for the first mediatised
prince under the Indian Empire, charged with the absolute rule over an area
more than twice as large as that of Bavaria and Saxony combined, and a
population greater than that of the two kingdoms named.
Holkar and Sindhia are rather of the nature of dynastic names than of
titles ; and the Gaekwdr (the title of one of the greatest of the Ruling Chiefs)
is of a similar nature, having been originally a caste name ; and all these
three are relics of the Mahratta Empire.
Among the exceptional titles due to difference of language may be noticed
that of Jam, which is of Sindhi or Baluch origin ; there are two Jams of
ruling rank in Kathiawar, and one in Baluchistan. The Ruler of Spiti, an
outlying Himalayan principality in the Punjab, is known as the Nono of
Spiti " Nono " being a Thibetan form. One of the Assamese Rajas is known
as "the Bohmong"; another simply as " the Mong Raja." Some of the Madras
Chiefs have peculiar titles of local origin. Thus, the Maharaja of Calicut
bears the historic title of " the Zamorin " probably a local corruption of the
Malayalam Samundri, or " sea-king." The Maharaja of Puducotta is known
as " the Tondiman " ; and some other Madras Rajas are called " the Valiya
Raja." Nine Feudatories (eight in the Bombay Presidency and one at
Muscat in Arabia) bear the title of Sultan. The descendants of the ancient
chiefs of Sind are called Mirs ; the Chief of Afghanistan is called Amir. The
Chief of Kalat in Baluchistan is both a Mir and a Wali, and has been created
(like the Amir of Afghanistan) a Grand Commander of the Star of India.
In the Aden territory, which is subordinate to the Bombay Government,
some of the chiefs bear the title of Girad, which is of Somali origin ; others
are known by the Arabic titles of Sultan, Amir, and Shaikh. Some of the
heads of Hindu religious bodies are hereditary feudal chiefs ; and their title
is Mahant.
All, or most of the titles mentioned above, though recognised by the
British Government, have come down to us from earlier times. Her
INTRODUCTION xill
Majesty has, in a few very special cases, authorised a change of title among
the Feudatories ; as, for instance, when a Thdkur Saheb has been authorised
to use the higher title of Maharaja Bahadur. But, generally speaking, when
it is wished to confer honour on a ruling prince, it is conferred, not by a
change in the ancient title of chiefship, but by appointment to one or other
of the classes of the Orders of the Star of India or the Indian Empire
by the addition of descriptive titles by an increase in the number of guns
authorised for the salute, such increase being usually a personal one or by
the conferment of Honorary military rank in the Imperial army.
5. TITLES RECOGNISED, AND REGULARLY CONFERRED BY HER MAJESTY
THROUGH THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
In British India there is now a well-established order and gradation
of nobility ; in which creations and promotions are made by Her Gracious
Majesty's representative, the Viceroy, just as similar creations and pro-
motions are made in England. In the higher ranks of this nobility, an
additional step or grade in each rank is made by the custom, unknown as
yet in England, of making the creation or promotion in some cases personal,
in others hereditary. But no rank below that of Raja for Hindus, or Nawab
for Muhammadans, is now created hereditary.
Rai (or Rao in Southern and Western India) for Hindus, and Khan for
Muhammadans, are the first or least considerable titles conferred by the British
Government. These, with or without the affix of Saheb, which adds to the
dignity, are very commonly ex offitio titles, held by the subordinate officers of
civil departments. Next above Rai Saheb, Rao Saheb, or Khan Saheb comes
the title Rai Bahadur, Rao Bahadur, or Khan Bahadur ; and this is the
title though it has sometimes also been made simply an ex offitio title
which is usually first conferred on Indian gentlemen who have distinguished
themselves by their munificence, by their patriotism, or in any other way.
Rai Bahadur is commonly used as the Hindu title in the Bengal Presidency,
Rao Bahadur as that in the west and south of India, and Khan Bahadur
for Muhammadans and Parsis ; and this rank seems exactly analogous to that
of Knight Bachelor in England.
Above this rank is the title of Rdjd (with the feminine Rani] for Hindus,
Nawab (with the feminine Begaui) for Muhammadans ; and this may be
hereditary or personal a remark which applies to all the higher ranks.
Next higher is a Rdjd Bahadur, or a Nawab Bahadur. Higher again,
for Hindus, is the title of Maharaja, and above that is Maharaja Bahadur.
It is one of the many anomalies of the Indian system as at present
existing, that there do not seem to be any Muhammadan analogies to these
last two highest Hindu titles, so that a Nawab Bahadur may be the equal
either of a Rdjd Bahadur, or of a Mahdrdjd Bahadur, according to
circumstance. These seem to be very analogous to the various steps in the
British Peerage.
xiv THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Parsis share with Muhammadans their lower titles. But where they have
attained to higher rank than Khan Bahadur, it has been indicated by
appointment to one of the Military Orders, or by the conferment of British
Knighthood, or (in two cases) by a British Baronetcy.
The ordinary sequence of rank, then, in the aristocracy of British India,
is indicated by the subjoined tables :
Hindus. Muhammadans.
Mahdraja" Bahadur. Nawdb Bahadur.
Mahdrajl Nawdb.
Rdja Bahddur. Khan Bahddur.
Ra"jl Kha"n Saheb.
Rai (or Rao) Bahddur. Khdn.
Rai (or Rao) Saheb.
Rai (or Rao).
The eldest son of a Maharaja or Raja is called a Maharajkumar (or
Maharajkunwar), or Rajkumar (or Rajkunwar), or simply Kumar (or Kunwar) ;
and these titles have in some cases been formally conferred by the Govern-
ment. Nawdbzdda, or Mian, is the title given to the sons of Nawabs.
Among the Barons of the Punjab there is a remarkable uniformity of
title ; they are nearly all styled Sarddr or Sarddr Bahadur and their sons
are often styled Mian, though this is also an independent title, as is Diwdn
also, in the Punjab. In Oudh and in the Central Provinces, on the other
hand, there is the greatest diversity in the form of the territorial titles
Thdkur being the commonest title, but Rai is also frequent (and of far
higher dignity than it seems to bear in some other Provinces), and so are
Rdjd, Diwdn, and Rao.
6. BURMESE TITLES.
The chiefs of the Shan and other tribes on the frontiers of Burma have
the titles (equivalent to Rdjd or Thdkur, or other Indian titles) either of
Sawbwa, or Myoza, or Ngwegunhmu.
But the regular Burmese titles ordinarily conferred by the British
Government are these :
(1) Ahmitdan gaung Tazeik-ya Min (meaning "Recipient of a Medal for
Good Service"), indicated by the letters A.T.M. after the name much as
the Companionship of the Bath in England is indicated by the letters C.B.
(2) Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min (meaning "Recipient of the
Gold Chain of Honour"), indicated by the letters K.S.M. after the name.
(3) Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min (meaning " Recipient of the Silver
Sword for Bravery"), indicated by the letters T.D.M. after the name.
7. TITLES AS REWARDS FOR LEARNING.
It remains to notice two Imperial titles of ancient origin, as indicating
exceptional distinction in learning, that were revived on the auspicious
INTRODUCTION xv
occasion of Her Majesty's Jubilee. These are Mahdmahopddhydya for
Hindus, and Shams-ul-Ulama for Muhammadans. It is noteworthy, as
showing a wise regard for that reverence which great erudition has always
commanded in the East, that holders of these titles, ranking equally among
themselves according to date of creation, take rank directly after titular
Rajas and Nawabs ; and thus the dignity is rendered somewhat analogous to
the high Dignity of a Privy Councillor in the United Kingdom.
8. COURTESY TITLES.
There are many titles habitually used in India and a few have been
admitted into this work that are not substantive titles in the strictest sense
of the term, but may best be described as courtesy titles. Of this nature is
the title of "Prince" in most cases though not in the case of the Prince of
Arcot, who enjoys a title specially conferred by the Sovereign. The title of
" His Highness," conferred or recognised by the Queen Empress, belongs as
of right only to a limited number of the Feudatory Chiefs, and to a few of
the Nobles of British India ; but it is very generally conceded, as a matter of
courtesy, to most of the Feudatory Chiefs and the greater Territorial Nobles.
The title of " His Excellency " has been specially granted to one or two
Chiefs ; it is also commonly used, as a matter of courtesy, in addressing
the responsible Ministers of the chief Feudatory States.
The owners of some great Zaminddris or estates, especially in Madras,
are sometimes styled Raja in common parlance, even when they have not
received that title from the Sovereign. But there seems to be no authority
for this ; nor so far as is known to the Editor, and with the few exceptions
above noted is any name inserted in this work as that of a Raja, or as
holding a similar title, unless recognised by the Government of India.
Immemorial usage throughout India has conferred well - recognised
courtesy titles on the heirs-apparent of the greater titles ; and in some cases
on the second, third, fourth, and younger sons. There is at least one Raja
whose eldest son bears the courtesy title of Kunwdr, the second son that of
Diwdn, the third that of Thdkur, the fourth that of Ldl^ and the fifth and
younger sons that of Bdbu. It may here be noted that, in common use in
Bengal, the title of Bdbu has degenerated like the French Monsieur and
the English Esquire into a mere form of address ; but it belongs of right
only to a very limited class and particularly to the sons, not otherwise
titled, of the greater titled personages. In Orissa, Chota Nagpur, and
Central India, the eldest son of a Raja or Thakur frequently bears the title
of Tikait or Tikaildo ; and sometimes (but rarely) the second son bears the
title of Pothait or Pothaildo, and the third that of Ldl But in most, prob-
ably in all, cases, the younger sons are styled Bdbu. In some of the Orissa
Tributary Mahals, and in Manipur and in Hill Tipperah and elsewhere, the
heir-apparent is styled Jubardj or Yuvardj. In some other parts he is
xvi THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
called Diwdn ; while in the Punjab the heir-apparent of a territorial Sarddr
is sometimes also called Sarddr, but more commonly he bears the title of
Mian.
The curious Marumakkatayam law of inheritance which prevails in
Malabar and the extreme south of India under which the succession is to
the offspring of the female members of the family, among whom the next
eldest to the Raja is the heir-apparent makes it very fitting that tte rank of
an heir-apparent, in those parts of India, should be marked by special titles.
The heir-apparent to His Highness the Maharaja of Travancore is often called
by Europeans the First Prince of Travancore ; but his proper courtesy title is
" the Elaya Raja." The same title is borne by the heir-apparent to His High-
ness the Maharaja of Cochin. The heir-apparent to the Zamorin of Calicut
bears, by courtesy, the interesting title of "The Eralpad." It will be seen
that, under the Marumakkatayam law, no son of a Raja can ever be in the
line of succession ; these receive the courtesy title of Achchhan.
The colloquial use of the dynastic titles of Sindhia and Holkar may be
illustrated by a somewhat similar Scottish usage, by which the actual Chief or
Laird is colloquially known by the name of his estate. Mr. Cameron becomes
" Lochiel " the moment he succeeds to the estate of that name ; so one of
these young Princes becomes " Sindhia " the moment he succeeds to the
Gwalior Raj, and the other becomes "Holkar" the moment he succeeds to
the Indore Raj the junior members of these ruling Houses using the title
as their family name.
9. ARMORIAL BEARINGS.
The Editor has already pointed out, in an earlier section of this Intro-
duction, the need that exists for the services of an Indian King of Arms and
an Indian Heralds' College. Such an institution, provided due regard were
paid to Indian sentiments and prejudices, would be immensely popular
among the Chiefs and notables of India ; and a very considerable revenue
might yearly be raised, with the greatest goodwill on the part of those who
would pay it, from a moderate duty, similar to the one levied in the United
Kingdom, on the authorised use of hereditary cognisances or armorial
bearings. At present an Indian noble is justly proud of a cognisance that
has been honourably borne for centuries by his ancestors, and would prefer
to use it with full legal authority ; but it is doubtful whether he can do so
at all, except by a most difficult and most unusual application to the Earl
Marshal of England and the Garter King of Arms in London, for an
authorised grant. So, too, with more modern adoptions of coat-armour;
these have been authorised by the College of Arms in London for the two
Indian Baronets, and perhaps for a few more but as a rule the modus
operandi is unknown.
Wherever the Editor has been able to obtain a sketch of the cognisance
or device usually used by .any Chief or that has been emblazoned on his
INTRODUCTION xvii
banner, on such public occasions as the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi, on
the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India a
copy has been given in this work in the actual form used, without regard to
the question of its being duly authorised by the College of Arms, or of its
being in accordance with the laws of European- heraldry. It is hoped that
in a future edition this laxity will not be necessary, and that steps will in the
meantime have been taken to regulate the devolution of ancient cognisances,
and the assumption of new ones. It is stated that some of the Feudatory
States have placed coats of arms on the postage stamps in use within their
limits ; and it is quite clear that the use of such emblems is rapidly becoming
common.
In the case of all those Chiefs whose banners were displayed at the
Imperial Assemblage of ist January 1877, *'* a ll tne Chiefs of highest
rank the emblems then used were used " by authority " ; and copies of
some of them have been obtained for this work. The editor will be glad to
be favoured with copies of others, sent through Messrs. Macmillan and Co. ;
and will give his best consideration to them, though he must not be taken to
pledge himself to the insertion of any.
10. CEREMONIES OBSERVED ON THE INSTALLATION OF AN INDIAN NOBLE.
The Warrant conferring (or authorising the hereditary succession to) a
title is called a sanad sometimes spelt " sunnud." It is signed, on behalf
of Her Majesty the Empress, by His Excellency the Viceroy ; and bears the
Official Seal of the Empire.
It is usual though there appears to be no invariable rule for the local
representative of Her Majesty, on the occasion of the installation or
succession of a Chief or Noble, to present him with a khilat^ and receive
from him a nazar in return. "Khilat" literally means "a Dress of
Honour." It usually consists of pieces of cloth not made up ; but some-
times it consists of arms, jewels, or other valuables, without any article of
attire, although in most cases a turban and shawl form part of the gift.
Indeed, a complete khilat may include arms, or a horse, or an elephant, or
all of these together. The nazar (sometimes spelt nuzzur) must be of
corresponding value to the khilat.
In the case of a Maharaja Bahadur, or other noble of that rank, the
khilat and sanad are presented, in full Darbdr^ by the Governor, Lieutenant-
Governor, or other Chief Civil Officer of the Province ; or if they are unable
to be present, by the Commissioner of the Division at the sudder-station (or
capital).
To the Darbar are invited all the civil and military officers available, also
all the Indian notables and gentry of the neighbourhood.
The chair of the Presiding Officer is placed in the middle, and that of
the noblefnan to be installed on his right. The brother, son, and any of the
xvili THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
relatives of the nobleman who may be present, occupy places, according to
their station, in the right-hand line.
The chairs for all the public functionaries are placed, according to their
rank, on the left hand of the Presiding Officer's chair.
The local notables and gentry occupy chairs, also according to their rank,
on the right hand of the Presiding Officer.
A company of soldiers is drawn up in front of the stairs, as a^Suard of
Honour.
On the arrival of the noble near the stairs, the Sarishtadar or Munshi of
the Presiding Officer leads him to the audience. All functionaries, out of
respect to him, rise from their chairs on the Chiefs reaching the Presiding
Officer ; who then asks him to take his seat. All functionaries and Darbaris
must have assembled and taken their seats before the Chiefs arrival.
After a short conversation, the Presiding Officer orders his Munshi to
take the Chief to an adjoining room, prepared previously for the purpose,
where he is robed with the different parchas of the khilat except the pearl
necklace. After this, he is again brought into the Darbar room, and stands
in front of the Presiding Officer. The latter, rising from his seat with all
the functionaries present, then ties the pearl necklace round the neck of the
Chief.
The Presiding Officer then orders the Munshi to read out the sanad.
During the reading of the sanad the Presiding Officer and the functionaries
resume their seats, while the Chief and the local notables and gentry
rise.
The Chief presents the usual nazardna of gold mohurs, and then all
resume their seats.
After a short pause, the Presiding Officer orders atr and pan to be
brought ; and standing up, serves out the same, first to the newly-installed
Chief, and then to all the Indian notables and gentry present the Munshi
bringing up each one in turn to receive the atr and pan.
They all then take their leave, and the ceremony is at an end.
The ceremony of the Installation of a Raja Bahadur, or titled personage
of lower rank than a Maharaja Bahadur, is very similar to the one described
above. But the Guard of Honour is not so large, and it is not necessary
that the Chief Civil Officer of the Province should be present. Also, the
sarpech, pearl necklace, or whatever may compose the khilat, is handed by
the Commissioner to the Collector or Assistant Collector of the district in
which the Chiefs estates are situated, and he requests him to invest the
Chief with it.
A ceremonial similar to those described above is observed when a
Knight Grand Commander, or a Knight Commander, or a Companion of
the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, or of the Most Eminent Order
of the Indian Empire, is invested with the insignia of the Order by the
representative of the Empress.
INTRODUCTION
xix
ii. LIST OF INDIAN TITLES, WITH A GLOSSARY OF THEIR
MEANINGS WHERE KNOWN.
TITLES.
Achchhan
Ahmudan gaung Tazeik-ya Min (A.T.M.
after name)
Ahsan Jang .
Ajdhat Sar Deshmukh
Alijdh (Sindhia) . . .
Amin-ud-daula" (Tonk)
Amir ......
Amir-ud-daula" Sayyid-ul-Mulk Mumta*z
Jang
Amir-ul-Umara .....
Arbdb
Asaf Jdh (Nizdm) ....
Azam ......
Azam-ul-Umara (Baoni)
Azim-ul-Iktiddr (Sindhia) .
Bahddur
Bahddur Desai .....
Bahadur Jang (Bhartpur) .
Bara"r Bans (Faridkot)
Bardr Bans Sirmur (Na"bha)
Begam (Bhopdl. See Nawdb Begam)
Beglar Begi (Kaldt) .
Bhup (Kuch Behar) .
Bohmong (Chief of the Regritsa
Maghs)
Brajendra (Bhartpur)
Chaube
Chaudhri ......
Chhatrapati Mahdraj (Kolhapur)
DaVar
Deshmukh
MEANING.
Achchhan (Malayalam^ a father, used
also as a title of respect, and in
Malabar applied especially to the
males of the Royal family who have
no office or official rank in the State
(Glos. of Indian Terms).
Recipient of a medal for good service
(Burmese).
Excellent in war.
(Ajdhat, Persian Wajdhat\ a title of
honour to a Vicegerent or represent-
ative, as one exhibiting the presence
of a fully authorised deputy (Mar.
Diet.)
Of exalted dignity.
Trustee of the State.
Prince, chief.
A prince of the State, distinguished in
war.
Chief of the nobles.
Lord.
An Asaf (Solomon's Wazir, according
to the Muhammadans) in dignity.
Very great.
The greatest of the nobles.
Most powerful.
Brave ; a hero ; at the 'end of a name a
title = the English "Honourable."
Desdi (Mar/^Truler of a province.
Brave in war.
Offspring of a Bardr (a Jat tribe. The
Raja" of Faridkot is head of the
tribe Griffin).
Sirmur^ a crowned head.
Lady ; queen ; title of Mughal ladies.
Lord of lords. The Governor of
Shiraz holds this title in Persia.
Sovereign, king.
(Arakanese) Head leader.
Lord of Braj, an epithet of Krishna.
A caste distinction.
Head man of a village ; an honorific
form of address.
Lord of the umbrella. A king entitled
to have an umbrella carried over
him as a mark of dignity.
A just prince, a sovereign.
An hereditary native officer under the
former Governments (Marathi).
XX
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
TITLES.
Diler Jang (Dholpur)
Dinkar Rao .....
Diwdn ......
Diwan Bahadur ....
Farzand-i-Arjumand Akidat Paiwand
Daulat-i-Inglishia (Ndbha)
Farzand - i - D ilband Rashikhul - 1 ti - kad
Daulat-i-Inglishia (Jind and Kapur-
thala)
Farzand - i -D ilpazir-i-Daulat - i - 1 nglishia
(Rdmpur)
Farzand - i - Khds - i - Daulat- i - 1 nglishia
(Baroda, Patidla)
Farzand - i - Saddat - i - Nishdn - i-Hazrat-i-
Kaisar-i-Hind (Faridkot)
Fath Jang (Nizam) ....
Fidwi-i-Hazrat-i-Malika-i-Muaz-zama-i-
Rafi-ud-Darjd-i-Inglista'n (Sindhia)
Gambhir Rao .....
Ghorpade.
Girad
Hafiz-ul-Mulk (Bahawalpur)
Heladi Naik Bahadur Desai Nadu-
gauda.
Himmat Bahddur ....
Hisdm-us-Saltanat (Sindhia)
Hizabr Jang .....
Ihtisham-ud-daula" (Jaora) .
Ihtisham-ul-Mulk ....
Ima"d-ud-daul (Baoni)
Indar (Kashmir) ....
Jai Deo (Dholpur) ....
Jaldl-ud-daula (Dujana)
Jdm . . ' .
Jamaddr ......
Khan
Khdn Bahddur
Khdn Saheb.
Khanzdda ...
Kiritapati (Travancore)
Kulashekhdra (Travancore)
Kumdr or Kunwdr ....
Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min
(K.S.M. after name)
Lokendra (Dholpur, Dattia)
Mahant ......
Mahdrdj Kumdr ....
Mahardj Rdna (Dholpur, Jhalawar) .
Mahdrajd .....
MEANING.
Intrepid in war.
Dinkar (Sanskrit), Day-maker, the sun.
See Rao.
A minister, a chief officer of State.
See Diwdn and Bahadur.
Beloved and faithful son of the English
Government. p
Beloved and trusty son of the English
Government.
Esteemed son of the English Govern-
ment.
Favourite son of the English Govern-
ment.
A son emblematical of the good
auspices of Her Majesty the Empress
of India.
Victorious in battle.
A servant of Her August Majesty the
Queen of England, who is exalted
in position.
Sagacious chief.
A Somali title, apparently = a chief.
Guardian, preserver of the country.
Brave champion.
Sword of the State.
Lion of battle.
Pomp of the State.
Pomp of the country.
Pillar of the State.
Indra.
God of victory.
Glory of the State.
(Sindhi) Chief.
Chief or leader.
Lord, prince, title of Muhammadan
nobles.
Brave lord.
Son of a Khdn. Title of some Musal-
man chiefs settled in Pandu Mehvas.
Possessor of a diadem.
Head (Shekhara) of the race (Kulam).
Prince, son of a Rajd.
Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour
(Burmese).
Protector of the world.
Head of a religious order.
Son of a Mahrajl
Supreme Rand or king.
Great Raj or king.
INTRODUCTION
xxi
TITLES.
Mahdrdjd Bahddur.
Mahdrdjd Dhirdj or Mahdrdj-Adhirdj
Mahdrdjd-i-Rdjagdn .
Mahdrand ....
Mahdrdnd Dhirdj (Udaipur)
Mahdrdni ....
Mahdrao . .
Mahdrao Bahddur (Kota).
Mahdrao Rdjd (Alwar and Bundi)
Mahdrdwal ....
Mahdrdwal Bahddur.
Mahdrdwat (Partdbgarh) .
Mahendra ....
Majid-ud-dauld
Malanmat Maddr.
Maldz-ul-Ulama-ul-Fdzila .
Malik
Mdlwandar (Ndbha) .
Mani Sultdn (Travancore) .
Mansur-i-Zamdn (Sindhia, Patidla)
Midn
Mihin Sarddr (Baoni)
Mir
Mirza
Mirza Bahddur.
Mong Rdjd
Muazzaz-ud-dauld
Mudabbir-ul-Mulk
Muhtashim-i-Daurdn (Sindhia)
Mujdhid-ul-Mulk
Mukhlis-ud-dauld (Bahdwalpur)
Mukhtdr-ul-Mulk (Sindhia)
Mulk ....
M umtdz-ud-dauld
Mumtdz-ul-Mulk
Mushir-i-Khas .
Mushir-ud-dauld
Mustakil Jang (Dujana)
Mustakim Jang
Mutalik ....
Muzaffar-ul-Mamdlik (Nizdm)
Naik ....
Nasrat Jang (Bahdwalpur) .
Nawdb ....
Nawdb Bdbi (Balasinor) .
MEANING.
Lord Paramount king of kings.
King of kings.
Great Rdnd or king.
Lord Paramount, king of kings.
Great Rdni or queen.
Great Rao or chief.
Supreme Rdjd or king.
Great Rdwal or prince.
Great Rdwat or prince.
Great Indra.
Glorious in the State.
Asylum of the learned and erudite.
Master, proprietor.
Lord of wealth.
The Sultdn par excellence. Mani a
jewel, a pearl.
Victorious of the age.
Lord, Master, title of sons, of Rdjput
princes.
Mihin^ greater, greatest, elder-born.
Chief, leader.
A contraction of Amir Zdda, " nobly
born." When affixed to a name, it
signifies " Prince " ; when prefixed,
simply " Mr."
Mong (Arakanese), a leader.
Honoured of the State.
Administrator or Minister of the country.
(The most) powerful of his age.
Warrior (for the faith) of the country.
Devoted servant of the State.
Ruler of the country.
Probably a misprint or corruption of
Malik, a king.
Distinguished in the State.
Distinguished in the country.
Privy counsellor, choicest counsellor.
Counsellor of the State.
Firm in battle.
Loyal in battle.
Mutlak, principal, supreme.
Victorious over kingdoms.
Nayak, leader, chief.
Victorious in battle.
Vicegerent.
Bdbi, door-keeper. The founder of
the family once held this post in the
Mughal Court, and hence the title is
given to his descendants.
XXII
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
TITLES.
Nawdb Bahddur.
Nawdb Begam (Bhopdl).
Nizdm-ud-dauld (Nizdm) .
Nizdm-ul-Mulk (Nizam) .
Nono (Spiti) .
Padmandbha Dasa (Travancore)
Pddwi
Pancha-Hdzdr Mansabddr .
Pant Pratinidhi
Pant Sachiv
Patang Rao
Prince (Arcot).
Rafi-ush-Shdn (Sindhia) .
Rai
Rai Bahddur.
Rai Rdydn (Banswara)
Rai Sdheb.
Rais-ud-dauld (Dholpur)
Raj Rdjendra (Jaipur)
Raj Rajeshwar (Holkar), etc.
Raj Saheb
Rdjd ....
Rdjd Bahddur.
Rdjd Dhirdj
Rdjd-i-Rdjagdn .
Rajeshwar.
Rand
Rani
Rao
Rao Bahddur.
Rao Saheb.
Rashid-ul-Mulk (Baoni) .
Rawal
Rdwat
Rukn-ud-dauld (Bahdwalpur)
Rustam-i-Daurdn (Nizam) .
Rustam Jang . . .
Saheb-i-Jdh (Baoni) .
Saif-ud-dauld
Sar Desdi
Sdrdmad - i - Rdjahd - i - Bundelkhand
(Orchha)
Sdrdmad - i - Rajahd - i - Hindustan
(Jaipur)
Sarddr ......
Sarddr Bahddur.
MEANING.
Regulator of the State.
Administrator of the country.
(Tibetan) Young nobleman.
Servant of Vishnu (the lotus-navelled).
Or Pdri)i) clan title borne after their
names by certain Merlvas Chiefs
(Bombay Gazetteer}.
Noble holding a mansab or military
rank of 5000 horse.
Pratinidhi) a vicegerent ; title borne by
a distinguished Maratha family.
SachiV) Minister, counsellor.
From Patang) the sun, and Rao^ prince.
Of exalted dignity.
(Prakrit Rai = Raja") Prince, chief.
Rai of Rais, prince of princes.
Ruler of the State.
Lord of kings, king of kings.
Rajeshivar, king of kings.
Raj = Raja".
King, prince.
Paramount Raja", king of kings.
Raja" of Raja's.
From Rajan ( = Rajd) + Ka (expressing
diminutiveness).
Title of a prince or Rajd, especially
among Rajputs.
Queen, princess.
King, prince, chief.
Director of the country.
Prince, chief.
Do.
Pillar of the State.
The Rustam (the most renowned of
Persian heroes) of his time.
A Rustam in battle.
Possessed of dignity.
Sword of the State.
Chief Desdi or ruler of a province.
Head of the Rdjds of Bundelkhand.
Head of the Rdjds of Hindustan.
Chief officer of rank.
INTRODUCTION
xxin
TITLES.
Saulat Jang (Tonk) .
Sawdi
Sawdi Bahddur (Kutch).
Sawdi Rao.
Send Khas Khel (Gaekwdr)
Send Pati
Shdhzdda
Shaikh
Shaikh-ul-Mushaikh ....
Shamsher Bahddur (Baroda)
Shamsher Jang (Travancore)
Shams-ud-dauld ....
Shiromani (Bikanir) .
Shrimdn Maha Naik Nadgauda
Nagnuriebirada Himori.
Shujd-at Jang . .
Sipahddr-ul-Mulk (Dholpur)
Sipar-i-Saltanat (Kashmir) .
Srindth (Sindhia) ....
Sultdn
Thdkur
Thdkur Rdwat.
Thdkur Saheb.
Thdkur Send Rai.
Thdkurdni .....
Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min (T.D.M.
after name)
Umdat-ul-Mulk .
Umdat-ul-Umara (Sindhia)
Vanji (Travancore) ....
Vishwdsrao .
Wachandth
Wdld Shikoh (Sindhia)
Wali (Kaldt)
Walvi
Wasava .
Wazir-ud-dauld .
Wazir-ul-Mulk (Tonk)
Zamorin .
MEANING.
Fury of war.
Literally, having the excess of a fourth ;
i.e. better than others by 25 per cent.
A Hindu title.
Chief of the army, commander of the
army of the State.
Army- Chief, General.
Prince-Royal, prince.
Chief.
Doctor of doctors (of law).
A mighty man of the sword.
The sword of war.
The sun of the State.
The gem, the best (of).
Brave in war.
Commander of the army of the country.
Shield of the Empire.
Lord of Fortune.
Prince, ruler.
Chief, feudal noble.
Female Thdkur.
Recipient of the Silver Sword for
Bravery (Burmese).
Chosen of the State.
Chosen from among the nobles.
Dynastic name.
From Vishvuds, trust, and Rao, prince.
Vachan-ndth, Lord of Speech.
Of high dignity.
Prince, governor.
Or Valvi. Clan title borne after their
names by certain Mehvas Chiefs
(Bombay Gazetteer],
Or Vasava Do.
Minister of the State.
Do.
Vernacular modification of Samundri,
the sea king (Malayalam).
NOTICE
THIS Edition of The Golden Book of India is up to date. It con-
tains the Honours conferred in January 1893 including fifty -four
new Titles, and nine appointments to, or promotions in, the Orders of
the Star of India and the Indian Empire, gazetted in Calcutta on 2nd
January 1893.
Communications relating to the Second Edition should be ad-
dressed to
SIR ROPER LETHBRIDGE, K.C.I. E.,
c/o Messrs. MACMILLAN & Co.,
29 BEDFORD STREET,
COVENT GARDEN,
LONDON, W.C.
January 3U/, 1893.
ABAJI BALWANT BHISB, Rao Bahddur.
The title is personal, arid was conferred on nth September 1884.
Residence. Bombay.
ABBAS ALI walad MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary. The Mir is a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
ABBAS KHAN, MIRZA, C.I.E.
The Mirza was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, ist January 1882.
Residence.
ABDUL ALI, Khan Bahddur.
The Khan Bahadur was born in 1863, and is a descendant of the old
Nawabs of the Carnatic, being the son of Muazzaz-ud-daula, and grandson
of His late Highness Azim Jah, first titular Prince of Arcot. He was granted
the personal title of Khan Bahadur in 1876.
Residence. M adras.
ABDUL ALI, MIR, Khan Bahddur, and Sarddr.
The titles are personal, and were conferred, the first on 22nd January
1873, and the second on 3ist May 1891.
Residence. B ombay.
ABDUL FATEH, MAULAVI, SAYYID, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1887.
Residence. Na"sik, Bombay.
ABDUL FIROZ KHAN (of Sdvanur), Nawdb.
The Nawab is the uncle of the ruling Nawab of Savanur in the Dharwar
district.
Residence. -Dharwar, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ABDUL PIROZ KHAN, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on tne
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Bhusdwal, Bombay.
ABDUL GHANI, KHWAJA SIR, K.C.S.I., Nawdb (of Dacca}.
Born about the year 1813. The title is hereditary, and was conferred
on ist January 1877. The Nawab, who is famous throughout Bengal for
his great wealth, liberality, and public spirit, is descended from the Bonda
family, of Kashmiri origin. The Maulavi Abdullah, who was the son of
the Maulavi Abdul Kadir, and was born in Kashmir, came to Bengal in the
reign of the Emperor Mahmud Shah, and established himself in Sylhet.
His grandson was the Khwaja Alimullah, who was the father of the subject
of this notice. The Nawab Abdul Ghani first distinguished himself for his
loyalty during the Mutinies of 1857, assisting the Government with infor-
mation, advice, and funds. Placed his steamer, The Star of Dacca, at the
disposal of Government during the famine of 1874, and after the cyclone of
October 1876, for relief work. Has contributed largely to works of public
utility, and on all occasions of distress. He has been a great benefactor to
the city of Dacca, where he has supplied many public buildings, and main-
tains a Free School, a Madrasa for Muhammadan students, an almshouse,
etc. He was created C.S.I. in 1871 ; Nawab (personal) in 1875 ; hereditary
Nawab on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty
as Empress, ist January 1877; K. C.S.I., 1886. His son is the Hon.
Nawab Ahsanulla (q.v.\ born 1846.
Residence. Dacca, Bengal.
ABDUL GHANI, MAULAVI, Khdn Bahadur.
An Extra Assistant Commissioner of the Punjab. Created a Khan
Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Punjab.
ABDUL HAKIM, MUNSHI, Khdn Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for
eminent services at Gilgit.
Residence. Gilgit, Kashmir.
ABDUL HAKK, SAYYID, C.I.B., Sarddr Diler Jang Bahddur.
The Sardar, who is a descendant of the Karnal family, was in early life
in the British service, and obtained the Companionship of the Indian
Empire for distinguished service in the Police. He was lent by the British
Government to the Government of His Highness the Nizam, attained very
high office in the latter service, and was rewarded by the titles of Sarddr
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Diler Jang Bahadur, and subsequently of Sarddr Diler-ud-dauld Bahadur;
and the former of these titles was recognised by the British Government as
a personal distinction.
Residence. Hyderabad and Bombay.
ABDUL HAKK, MAULAVI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title^is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. It
entitles the Maulavi to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Cawnpur, North- Western Provinces.
ABDUL HAKK, MAULAVI (of Khairabad), Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. It
entitles the Maulavi to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Sitapur, Oudh.
ABDUL HUSAIN KHAN, MIR (of Tando Mir), His Highness.
Born 1 3th May 1850. The title is personal, and was conferred in recog-
nition of his position as grandson of the Amir, who was the ruler of Sind at
the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
ABDUL ISLAM BIN ADAM, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist May 1880.
Residence. Na"sik, Bombay.
ABDUL JABBAR, MAULAVI, Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur is a Deputy Magistrate of the 24-Parganas at
Calcutta, and having rendered excellent service in that capacity, received
the title as a personal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Calcutta.
ABDUL KADIR, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
As the term Sayyid implies, this gentleman claims to be descended from
the Prophet. He is a descendant of the old Nawabs of the Carnatic ; and
his title of Khan Bahadur was recognised by the Government in December
1890.
Residence. Madras.
ABDUL KADIR, HAFIZ, Khan.
The Khan is sometimes styled Wajih-ulla-Khan-i-Hal ; his title, which is
personal, was conferred by the Carnatic Nawab, but was recognised by
Government in 1890.
Residence. Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ABDUL KADIR KHAN walad ALI GAUHAR KHAN, MIR.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shika"rpur, Sind.
ABDUL KARIM, SHAIKH HAFIZ, C.I.E., Khan Bahadur.
Born 1838. The title was conferred on 24th May 1884, for services
rendered by his ancestors, and for his own acts of public generosity. His
father was present at the battles of Bharatpur, Kamon, and Shekhawati in
the first Kabul campaign ; and his brother was rewarded by a khilat for his
services in the first and second Punjab campaigns. The Khan Bahadur is a
large landed proprietor in the district of Meerut, North- Western Provinces ;
and has been created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, 2ist May 1890.
Residence. Meerut, North- Western Provinces.
ABDUL LATIF, C.I.E., Nawdb Bahddur.
The Nawab Bahadur was born in March 1828. He traces his descent
from the celebrated Generalissimo of Islam, Khalid Ibn Walid, entitled the
" Sword of God," who died in the twenty-first year of the Hijrah. Shah
Ain-ud-din of Baghdad was the first member of the family to settle in India.
His descendant, Kazi Abdur Rasul, was made Kazi by the Emperor of
Delhi, and sent to Faridpur in Bengal, where the family settled. A
descendant, Kazi Fakir Muhammad, was a leading pleader of the Sadar
Diwdni and Nizdmat Addlat at Calcutta ; and was a great oriental scholar,
being the author of several works, of which the chief was the Persian Jdmi-
ut-Tawdrikh or " Universal History." He was the father of the subject of the
present notice; who entered the Government service in 1846, and after
some service in the Educational Department in the Dacca College and the
Calcutta Madrasa, became a Deputy Magistrate of the 24-Parganas in
1849. Was appointed J.P. for Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, 1852. Acted for
a short time as Police Magistrate of Calcutta, and has served three times as
a Member of the Bengal Legislative Council. Has been a Member of the
Board of Examiners since 1860; has also been Member of the Central
Examination Committee. One of the Income -Tax Commissioners for
Calcutta, 1861-65. Fellow of the Calcutta University, 1863. In 1867
received from Government a gold medal, and a set of the new edition of the
Encyclopedia Britannica^ with an autograph inscription by the Viceroy : " In
recognition of his services in promoting native education, especially the
education of those who like himself belong to the Muhammadan religion."
In 1869 appointed one of the Commissioners to enquire into the state of
the Calcutta and Hughli Madrasas, and received the thanks of Government
for this work. Is a J.P. and Municipal Commissioner for Calcutta, and also
for the suburbs ; Member of the Board of Management of the Reformatory,
and of the District School Committee, 24-Parganas. Founder and Secretary
of the Muhammadan Literary Society of Calcutta, established April 1863;
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Hon. Secretary, Bengal Social Science Association ; Member of the
Philological Committee of the Asiatic Society of Bengal ; a Trustee of the
Indian Association for Cultivation of Science ; Member of Committee of
Albert Hall, also of the District Charitable Society. Received the
Companionship of the Order of the Indian Empire, ist January 1883. Was
created a Nawab Bahadur in consideration of his eminent position and dis-
tinguished public services on the occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious
Majesty's reign, 1887. He has two sons Abul Fazl Muhammad Abdur-
rahman, Esquire, Barrister-at-law of the High Court, Calcutta ; Abul Khair
Muhammad Abdus-Subhan, Khan Bahadur
Residence. 16 Toltollah Lane, Calcutta.
ABDUL LATIF AGHA JOHAR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal; was conferred by the Carnatic Nawab, and
recognised by Government i6th December 1890. The Khan Bahadur also
bears the Carnatic titles of Asad Jang Said-ud-daula.
Residence. Arabia.
ABDUL, LATIP LONDB, KAZI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888, for
eminent oriental scholarship. It entitles the Kazi to rank in Darbar immedi-
ately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Bombay.
ABDUL MAHMUD KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
Has done good service in the Medical Department, Bengal ; and received
the title on ist January 1891, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Calcutta.
ABDUL (ABDUR) RAHIM HAKIM, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th April 1882.
Residence. Bushire.
ABDUL (ABDUR) RAHIM, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890, for good
service in the Medical Department.
Residence. Bengal.
ABDUL (ABDUR) RAHIM KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Bannu, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ABDUL (ABDUR) RAHMAN, Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur is a Deputy Commissioner in the district of Shimoga,
Mysore, under the government of His Highness the Maharaja of Mysore, and
received the title as a personal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Shimoga, Mysore.
ABDUL (ABDUR) RAUF, MAULAVI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890, for distinc-
tion in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar immediately
after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Patna, Bengal.
ABDUL (ABDUR) RAZZAK, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888, for dis-
tinguished medical service.
Residence. Jeddah.
ABDUL (ABDUS) SAMAD, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
ABDUL VASA, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1843; a member of the Carnatic family, being the son-in-law of
His late Highness Zahir-ud-daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot ;
was granted the personal title of Khan Bahadur in 1875.
Residence. M adras.
ABDUL WAHAB, MAULAVI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887. The
Maulavi's ancestors are said to have come from Kandahar in the loth
century, and to have settled at Delhi. The family afterwards removed to
Echoli in the Meerut district ; and one of his ancestors having been killed by
Ragbars in the i yth century, his heirs were granted the village of Echoli by
firman of the Emperor of Delhi. In course of time this grant passed into
the hands of the Rani of Landhaura. Abdul Wahab has rendered very
distinguished service in the Police Department, and has been publicly com-
mended and rewarded on many occasions. He is District Superintendent of
Police at Ballia.
Residence. Meerut, North- Western Provinces.
ABDUL WAHAB, HAJI, Khan Bahadur.
This gentleman (who, as the title of Hdji implies, has performed the
Haj or Pilgrimage to Mecca) is connected with the Carnatic family ; and
his title, conferred by the Carnatic Nawab, was recognised by Government
as a personal one in 1890.
Residence. M adras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ABDULLA walad GHULAM MURTAZA KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Chiefs
of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ABDULLA KHAN, Nawdb.
The titfe is hereditary, and the Nawab Abdulla Khan was specially
selected to succeed to it in August 1881. The title had been recognised
3oth July 1875.
Residence. Dera Ismail Kha"n, Punjab,
ABDULLA KHAN, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Sibi, Baluchistan.
ABDULLA KHAN, Khan Sahtf.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Ajmir, Rajputdna.
ABDUS SUBHAN, Khan Bahadur.
Born in 1849 ) nas been granted the personal title of Khan Bahadur for
good service under the Police Department of Madras.
Residence. Madura, Madras Presidency.
ABDUS SUBHAN, SAYYID, CHAUDHRI, Nawdb.
Granted the title of Nawab, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Bogra, Bengal.
ABHAI CHANDRA DAS, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 23rd May 1888, for good
service as Deputy Magistrate and Deputy Collector of the 24-Parganas.
Residence. 10 Shama Charan Dey's Street, Calcutta.
ABHAI CHARAN MITTBR, Rai Bahadur.
Abhai Charan Mitter is a descendant of the Mitter family of Charimandel
in Vikrampur, Dacca, originally imported from Rarh and stated to have been
located in Charimandel by Chand Rai and Kedar Rai, the ruling Kayastha
Sabas of Vikrampur. He is ninth in descent from Devaki Nandan Mitter,
who first migrated to Charimandel. Born on the i2th May 1839. His
father's name was Ram Kinker Mitter. He did meritorious service in the
first Lushai Expedition, *both as an explorer and as a contractor for
transport ; and was kept for some time as a hostage by the Lushais. His
services were equally valuable to Government in the last Chin -Lushai
Expedition, when he supplied boats, coolies, and other means of transport,
notwithstanding the difficulties caused by a severe outbreak of cholera. Was
rewarded with the title on ist January 1891.
Residence. Chittagong Hill Tracts.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ABID ALI BAHADUR, KAMR KADR MIRZA, Prince.
This is the courtesy title of the eldest son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
ABINAS CHANDRA BANERJI, Rat Bahadur.
Born 1 846. Son of Babu Navin Chandra Banerji, of Bali, in the district of
Howrah, Bengal. Educated in the Free Church Institution, Calcutta ; entered
the service of His Highness the Maharaja of Patiala, 1866; appointed
Director of Public Instruction, 1869; A.D.C. and Private Secretary to His
Highness, 1875 ; worked for the organisation of the Bali Sadharani Sabha, a
Public Association recognised by the Government, and made Secretary thereof,
1882. In 1883 was elected Vice-Chairman of the Bali Municipality. In
1887, on the occasion of Her Majesty's Jubilee, received the title of Rai
Bahadur for good service; elected Chairman of the Bali Municipality in
1890. Is an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Bali, Howrah, Bengal.
ABU SAID, Khdn Bahadur.
A member of the Carnatic family, and styled Zahir-ud-din Khan Baha-
dur. The title was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, and was recog-
nised as a personal one by Government in 1890.
Residence. Madras.
ABU TURAB PARRUKH MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
This is the courtesy title of the fifteenth son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
ABUBAKR, BBARI, Khdn Bahadur.
Granted the title of Khan Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd
January 1893.
Residence. Mangalore, Madras.
ABUL ALI DARAGAH MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
This is the courtesy title of the twentieth son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
ABUL HASAN, MAULAVI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, for
eminence as an oriental scholar. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar im-
mediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
: ABUL KHAIR MUHAMMAD ABDUS-SUBHAN, MAULAVI,
Khdn Bahadur.
Son of Nawab Abdul Latif Khan Bahadur, C.I.E., of Calcutta.
Born 27th September 1857. Traces his descent from the celebrated
Generalissimo of Islam, Khalid Ibn Walid, entitled the " Sword of God," who
died in the twenty-first year of the Hijrah. Shah Ain-ud-din of Baghdad, a
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
most learned saint, came to India first. Kazi Abdur Rasul was made Kazi
by the Court of Delhi and sent to Bengal, and the family settled in the
Faridpur district. Kazi Fakir Muhammad, one of his descendants, was a
leading pleader of the Sadar Diwdni and Nizdmat Addlat at Calcutta, and
was a great oriental scholar, being the author of several works, chief among
which was an universal history in Persian, called the Jdmi-ut-Tawdrikh.
His son is the Nawab Abdul Latif Bahadur (q.v.\ the father of the sub-
ject of thetpresent notice. The Khan Bahadur was educated at the Cal-
cutta Madrasa and the Presidency College, Calcutta, where he was a
scholar, prizeman, and medallist. Received the title of " Khan Bahadur "
with his appointment as a Deputy Magistrate and Deputy Collector, on the
loth September 1884. Vested with first-class Magisterial powers, 1888;
appointed Secretary of the District Committee of Public Instruction at Arrah
(Shahabad), 1886; a Member and Vice -Chairman of the District Board,
Champarun, 1887; and a Municipal Commissioner of Patna, 1891. Married,
24th August 1889, Bibi Najmoon-Neesa Khanum, fourth daughter of
Chowdhry Muhammad Rasheed Khan, Khan Bahadur of Nattore, district
Rajshahi.
Residence. Gya, Bengal.
ACHAL SINGH (of Kaimahra), Rdjd.
Born 1 5th June 1880, and succeeded Raja Narpat Singh in 1886. The
title is hereditary. The Raja of Kaimahra represents the elder branch of the
Janwar family, the Raja of Oel representing the junior branch. They were
originally Chauhan Kshatriyas in the service of the Sayyids of Pihani, having
migrated from Rajputana in the i6th century. In the time of Sayyid
Khurd, in 1553, their ancestor Jamni Khan obtained the post of Chaudhri
of Kheri, with the right to levy a cess on all the lands in that Pargana. At
a later period, when Than Singh was head of the family, he lived at Oel, with
the title of Rai. Ajab Singh, who was the uncle and predecessor of the
grandfather of the present Raja, in 1837 was acknowledged as Raja by the
tribe, and the title was confirmed as hereditary in 1864. Sleeman states
that the Raja of Oel attempted to seize the estates of his kinsman, Jodha
Singh of Kaimahra, grandfather of the present Raja. The mother of the
latter is the Rani Ranikunwar.
Residence. Kheri, Oudh.
ADARJI JAMSHBDJI, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth October 1885.
Residence. B ombay .
AFGHANISTAN, His Highness the Amir of.
A Ruling Chief.
His Highness Sir Abdur Rahman Khan, G. C.S.I., Amir of Afghanistan,
was born about the year 1843, an d was placed on the throne by the British
authorities on the 22nd July 1880. He is a younger son of the late Amir
Sher Ali Khan, Amir of Kabul, and lived for some years as an exile, but was
io THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
brought back after the last Afghan war. The area of the State is about
270,000 square miles; its population about 4,901,000, chiefly Muham-
madans. His Highness is entitled to a salute of 2 1 guns ; and maintains a
military force of 19,500 cavalry, 40,408 infantry, and 210 guns.
Residence. Kabul.
AGAR (RBWA KANTHA), THAKUR GAMBHIR &INGH,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1867; is a Muhammadan of Rajput descent. The area of
the State is about 9 square miles ; its population consists chiefly of Bhils.
Residence. Agar, Rewa" Kdntha, Bombay.
AGRA BARKHBRA (BHOPAL), BALWANT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Thakur Balwant Singh is a Rajput Chief (Hindu), born about the year
1827. He succeeded to the title, which is hereditary, on the 9th July 1859.
The population of the State, which is situated in the Bhopal Agency, Central
India, is about 4200, and consists chiefly of Hindus.
Residence. Agra Barkhera, Bhopal, Central India.
AHMAD, MAULAVI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890 "for loyalty
and public spirit."
Residence. 70 Toltollah Lane, Calcutta, Bengal.
AHMAD ALI KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur has rendered good service on the Survey of India,
and received the title as a personal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Calcutta.
AHMAD BAKHSH, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1815. Son of Tir Bakhsh, who was in the service of the Raja of
Nagpur ; and whose ancestor, Malik Bal Lai, settled in the Fatehpur district
in the reign of Shahab-ud-din Ghori. The Khan Bahadur served in the
Bengal Light Cavalry from the year 1830; and took part in the campaign
against the Bhils in 1832, and in the Afghan war in 1839. He went through
the Kabul campaigns, and joined in the pursuit of Dost Muhammad. For
his loyalty during the Mutiny he was rewarded with a khtlat, a jdgtr (grant
of lands), and the title of Khan Bahadur, which was conferred on him
January 1866.
Residence. Fatehpur, North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA II
AHMAD GURIKAL, MANJBRI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1825 ; granted the personal title of Khan Bahadur for good service
in the Madras Police, from which he retired on pension in 1888.
Residence. Malabar, Madras Presidency.
AHMAD HASAN KHAN, Nawdb Bahadur.
Son of the Nawab Kalb Ali Khan, and a grandson of the late Saadat AH
Khan, King of Oudh. The title is personal.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
AHMAD HUSAIN KHAN, Nawdb (of Fatehpur}.
Born 1826. The title is hereditary. The family originally came from
Teheran; its founder, Sayyid Ikram-ud-din Ahmad, accompanied the
Emperor Humayiin on his return from Persia, took service under the Delhi
emperors, and was appointed a mansabddr by the great Akbar. His great-
grandson, Muhammad Taki, was in office under the Emperor Alamgir, and
was succeeded by his son Shah Kuli Khan. The grandson of the latter,
Nawab Zain-ul-Abdin Khan, came to Oudh, was appointed chakladdr of
Sarkars Kora and Kara under the Oudh Government, and obtained extensive
jdgirs in the district of Fatehpur from the Nawab Asaf-ud-daula. He was
succeeded by his son, Nawab Bakar Ali Khan, who transferred his head-
quarters from Kora Jahanabad to Fatehpur. He was succeeded by his
brother, Nawab Sayyid Muhammad Khan, the father of the present Nawdb.
The Nawab has two sons Ali Husain Khan and Bakar Husain Khan.
Residence. Bdkarganj, Fatehpur, North-Western Provinces.
AHMAD HUSAIN KHAN (of Pariawan), SHAIKH,
Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1865 ; succeeded 1877. The title is hereditary, and was conferred
4th December 1877, on Dost Muhammad of Pariawan, on account of his
services in the Mutiny. The founder of the family is said to have been
Haji Abdul Rauf, who migrated from Mecca to Ghazni, accompanied
Shahab-ud-din Ghori when he invaded India, and obtained the estate of
Pariawan, consisting of eight villages, revenue free, for services rendered.
Revenue was, however, assessed in the time of Nawab Saadat Ali Khan.
Shaikh Gulam added to the estate by purchases, and was succeeded by his
son, Haji Shaikh Dost Muhammad (see above), who did good service in the
Mutiny, went on pilgrimage to Mecca, and died at Medina. Succeeded by
his son, the present Khan Bahadur, who is an Honorary Magistrate. He
has issue, two daughters.
Residence. Paridwan, Partdbgarh, Oudh.
12 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
AHMAD KHAN walad MUHAMMAD HUSAIN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, as being that of a descendant of the ancient Mirs
of Sind.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
AHMAD KHAN, JAMADAR, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. nth Bengal Lancers, India.
AHMAD KHAN, SAYYID, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1888.
Residence.
AHMAD MUHI-UD-DIN, Khan Bahadur.
Son of Ibruth Jang Bahadur, by a niece of the Hon. Sir Sharful Umra
Bahadur, K. C.S.I. ; born 1835; married, 1864, to the second daughter of
His Highness Nawab Zahir-ud-daula, G.C.S.I., second Prince of Arcot.
Created Khan Bahadur, 1874. Claims close connection, on both father's and
mother's sides, with the Nawabs Rulers of the Carnatic. Was present at the
Imperial Assemblage, Delhi, as a member of the Prince of Arcot's suite ;
Secretary to the Prince of Arcot, 1877 to 1883. Was delegated to the
Hyderabad Court, in 1884, by the Muslim community, Madras, for present-
ing a congratulatory address to His Highness the Nizam, on his accession to
the masnad. A member of the Madras Muhammadan Library. Founder of
the Aujuman-i Islarniah of Madras ; which afterward was amalgamated with
the Madras Central Muhammadan Association, when he was elected as a
Vice-President of the latter. Vice -President of the Aujuman-i Himayat-i-
Islam, Madras. Founder of the Muslim Herald, the first Muhammadan-
English tri-weekly paper in India, which, though not now existing, was
remarkable for its loyal spirit and moderate tone.
Residence. Mylapur and Adyar, Madras.
AHMAD MUHI-UD-DIN, Khdn Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur is a member of the Carnatic family, being a son-in-
law of His late Highness Zahir-ud-daula, the second of the titular Princes of
Arcot. He was born in 1842, and was granted the personal title in 1875.
Residence. M adras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 13
AHMAD SHAH SAYYID (of Sardhana), Nawdb.
Born ist January 1835 ; succeeded in 1882. The family are Muswi or
Mashadi Sayyids, descended from Hayat AH Musa Raza, and originally
residing at Paghman near Kabul. On account of services rendered to
Alexander Barnes in his Kabul mission, and subsequently to the English in
their retreat from Kabul, they were expelled from Kabul and settled at
Sardhana,., At the time of the Mutiny, the head of the family, Sayyid
Muhammad Jan Fishan, Khan Saheb, took the side of the Government at
once. When the Mutiny occurred at Meerut, he raised a body of horse,
consisting of his followers and dependents, and officered by himself and his
relatives ; accompanied General Wilson's force to the Hindan ; was present
in both actions, and thence to Delhi, where he remained with the head-
quarters camp till the city was taken, when his men were employed to keep
order in Delhi. For these eminent services the title of Nawab, with a suit-
able khilat, was conferred on him. And each of his successors have received
the title of Na"wab for life on succeeding to the estates.
Residence. Sardhana, North-Western Provinces.
AHMAD-ULLA KHAN, Nawdb.
Born 1 6th December 1827. The title was conferred on 26th February
1885. The family claims descent from the Nawab Dadan Khdn, a Governor
of the Punjab. One of its most illustrious ancestors was Nawab Muhammad
Khan, who, on account of his loyal services, received the title of Khairandesh
Khan from the Emperor Alamgir. The Nawab Ahmad-ulla Khan served
the British Government for twenty-eight years as a Patrol in the Customs
Department, and retired on pension in 1877 having distinguished himself
for his fidelity during the Mutiny, when he was wounded and twice robbed
by the rebels. He is an Honorary Magistrate of the first class, and Vice-
President of the Meerut Municipal and District Boards ; in which capacity
he has been distinguished for his public spirit.
Residence. Meerut, North-Western Provinces.
AHMAD-UN-NISA BEGAM SAHIBA, Nawdb.
Grand-daughter of His late Highness Azim-ud-daula", the first of the
titular Nawabs of the Carnatic ; granted the personal title of Nawab, 1815.
Residence. Madras.
AHMAD YAR KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur has occupied an important position in the police of
the Quetta-Peshin frontier, and received the title as a personal distinction on
25th May 1892.
Residence. Quetta, Baluchistan.
AHSANULLA, THE HON. KHWAJA, C.I.E., Nawdb.
Son and heir of the Nawab (of Dacca) Khwaja Sir Abdul Ghani, K. C.S.I.,
to whose life reference may be made for particulars of the family. The
Nawab Ahsanulla, who was born in 1846, has long managed the large family
I 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
property, and has followed in the footsteps of his father, both as a liberal
and enlightened landlord, and in his large public benefactions. His sons
are Khwaja Hafizulla Khan Bahadur and Khwaja Salimulla Khan Bahadur.
He is a member of the Legislative Council of Bengal, and belongs to many
other public bodies.
Residence. Dacca, Bengal.
AIYASWAMI SASTRIYAR, B., Rai Bahadur. "~
Born 1836; was granted the personal title in 1887, for good service in
the Madras Revenue Department.
Residence. Kumbhakonam, Tanjore, Madras.
AJAIGARH, BUNDELKHAND, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA
SAWAI RANJOR SINGH BAHADUR, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
His Highness was bom on the 29th September 1848, and succeeded to
the Raj on the 9th September 1859. He is a Bundela Rajput, descended
from the famous Maharaja Chhatrasal of Panna (q.v.) The second son of
the Maharaja Chhatrasal was Jagat Raj, from whom are descended both this
Chief and the Chiefs of Charkhari, Bijawar, and Sarila. His great-grandson,
Maharaja Bakht Singh of Banda and Ajaigarh, received a sanad from the
British Government in 1807; and Bakht Singh's great-grandson is the
present Maharaja. Though Sawai was an old family title it was not recog-
nised until 1877, when it was added to the title of Maharaja at the Delhi
Imperial Assemblage on the occasion of the proclamation of Her Majesty as
Empress of India. Ajaigarh has an area of 802 square miles, and a popu-
lation of 81,454, chiefly Hindus. His Highness's revenues are Rs. 2, 2 5,000.
He is entitled to a salute of n guns, and maintains a military force of 97
cavalry, 544 infantry, and 13 guns. The family motto is Randhir Ajai Wir
(The Steadfast in War is an Unconquered Hero). His Highness has two
sons Raja Bahadur Bhopal Singh, aged 2 5 years ; Diwan Senapati Jaipal
Singh, aged 17 years.
Residence. Ajaigarh, Central India.
AJAMBAR SINGH DEO (of Anandpur), Thdkur.
Born about 1832. The title is hereditary, and was recognised by
Government on i5th February 1873. The Thakur is connected with the
Porahat family, which is descended (according to tradition) from a Rajput of
Jodhpur who made a pilgrimage to Jagannath about twelve or thirteen
centuries ago. His son is Babu Ajit Narayan Singh Deo.
Residence. Singhbhum, Bengal.
AJRAUDA (WESTERN MALWA), DAULAT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Thakur Daulat Singh was born about the year 1835, and succeeded to
the title in 1859. He is a Rajput Chief (Hindu).
Residence. Ajrauda, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
AKALKOT, SHAHAJI MALOJI, alias BABA SAHEB RAJB
BHONSLB, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Rao Saheb Mehrban Shahaji Maloji Raje Bhonsle, alias Baba Saheb, is
the son of Maloji Raje; born 1867. Is a descendant of the Bhonsle
family. Educated at Rajaram College, Kolhapur. Married, 1881, Laxumi-
bai Saheb, daughter of Dhaibar Killedar of Baroda, and grand-daughter of His
Highness trfe late Maharaja Khanderao Bahadur Gaekwar of Baroda. Has two
daughters, Guzra Raje and Putala Raje, aged six and three respectively.
His accession took place in 1870; but being a minor the management of
the State was in the hands of the British Government till 1891, when the
administration of the State was made over to him. His step-grandmother is
the Lady Kamaljabai Saheb, widow of Shahaji Raje II., alias Appa Saheb.
His nearest relation is his second cousin, Tulaji Raje Bhonsle, son of the
late Futtehsing, uncle to the late Maloji Raja. Shahaji Maloji, Sambhaji
Tulzaji, and Bhavanji Raje of Kurla are the great-grandsons of the late Tulzaji,
brother of Futtehsing II. The founder of the family was Ranoji, a son of Sayaji
Lokhanday Patel of Parud in the Sewari Pargan of the province of Aurangabad,
who, without being formally adopted, was taken by Sivaji, better known as Shao
Rajcl (the son of Sambhaji and grandson of the great Sivaji), into his family, and
had the family surname of Bhonsle of the Rajas of Satara conferred upon him
under the following circumstances : After the death of the Emperor Aurangzeb,
Shao Raja was released from captivity by the Emperor Bahadur Shah. He was
on his return to the Deccan, and had encamped at Parud, when he was attacked
by Sayaji Patel, who appears to have been a partisan of the famous Tarabai
(widow of Rajaram, who had assumed the reins of government). Sayaji was
defeated and was killed in the fight. His widow took her three little boys and
threw herself at the feet of the Raja, imploring his forgiveness and his protec-
tion. The Raja was moved with compassion, and being naturally of a kind-
hearted disposition conceived the idea of taking care of the eldest of the children.
He told the mother that if she would give up the boy, who was under ten years
of age, he would provide for him, and she gladly gave her consent. Ranoji was
a good-looking lad, and gained the favour of the Raja. It happened that as the
Rajd, continued his march towards Satara some resistance was offered by the
Bhils on the road, and it was necessary to disperse them. The nominal com-
mand of the detachment employed on this occasion was given to the boy. The
Bhils were defeated and dispersed, and the Rajd was so well pleased with this
fortunate omen of the child's future career that he changed his name to Futteh-
sing. Futtehsing grew in favour and remained with the Rajd at his Court at
Satara. In 1710 the Rajd took him into his family and gave him the family
surname of Bhonsle, and later conferred on him the Akalkot State as an heredi-
tary jAgir. Futtehsing died in the year 1760, and was succeeded by his adopted
son Shahaji Raje L, alias Baba Saheb, who in turn was succeeded by his elder
son, Futtehsing II., alias Aba Saheb (the younger was Tulaji, who was granted
the village of Kurla for maintenance). Futtehsing II. died in 1822, and was
succeeded by his son Maloji Raj L, alias Baba Saheb, who was succeeded by
his son Shahaji Raje II., alias Appa Saheb, born 1821, died 1857 (his younger
brother was Futtehsing). Shahaji Raje II. was succeeded by his son Maloji
Raja" II., alias Buwa Saheb, born 1838, died 1870; succeeded by his son
Shahaji Raje III., alias Baba Saheb, the present chief. The area of the State
is about 498 square miles, and its population is about 58,040, chiefly Hindus,
though there are nearly 8000 Muhammadans. The Chief maintains a military
force of 46 men and 7 guns.
Residence. Akalkot, Bombay. ,
16 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
AKBAR ALI, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i5th March 1887.
Residence. Sandra, Bombay.
AKBAR ALI, MIR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th December
Residence. B ombay .
AKBAR ALI, MIR, C.S.I., Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was originally conferred by His Highness the
Nizam of the Deccan. The Khan Bahadur was created a Companion of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, 4th January 1869.
Residence. Hyderabad, Deccan.
AKHIL CHANDRA MUKHARJI, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January
1893.
Residence. Calcutta.
ALAGHASINQHARU BHATTAR, Mahdmahopddhydya.
Born 1817; was granted the personal title (entitling him to rank in
Darbar immediately after titular Rajas), for his eminence as a Sanskrit scholar,
on 1 5th February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Srirangam, Trichinopoly, Madras.
ALAM KHAN, MIR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 5th September 1883, for
distinguished military service. The Khan Bahadur holds the high rank of
Risaldar-Major in Her Majesty's Army.
Residence. With ist Punjab Cavalry.
ALAM SHAH, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
ALBBL SINGH (of Lidhran), Sarddr.
Born in 1824. The title is hereditary, and the Sardar is descended
from Sardar Jai Singh, who joined the Nishanwala mis I or confederacy,
which opposed Zain Khan, the Governor of Sarhind, who was slain in battle.
The family did good service during the Mutiny.
Residence. Ludhia"na, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 17
ALI AHMAD, Khan Bahadur,
The Khan Bahadur, who is also styled Iktidar Jang Afsar-ud-daula,
Rafat-ul-Mulk, derived his titles from the Carnatic Nawab ; and they were
recognised by Government in December 1890.
Residence. Madras.
ALI AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, and the Mir is descended from one of the Mirs of
Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI BAHADUR KHAN (of Saidpur), Rdjd.
The Raja is a Chib Rajput of very ancient descent. His ancestor, Chib
Chand, and his descendants long ruled in the neighbourhood of Bhimbar ;
and one of the latter, Sadip Chand, adopted the Muhammadan faith in the
Court of the Emperor Babar, and was confirmed by that monarch in his
possessions, taking the name of Shadab Khan. This Chief accompanied the
Emperor Humayun on many of his expeditions, and was at length killed
in a quarrel. A descendant, Raja Sultan Khan, was conquered by the
Maharaja Gulab Singh of Jammu, who threw him into prison, where he
died. After the first Sikh war, as the British Government made over
Kashmir (including Bhimbar) to the Maharaja Gulab Singh, the Raja Talab
Singh removed to Saidpur, where the family has since been settled. The
title is hereditary, and the Raja's son is named Ali Akbar Khan.
Residence. Saidpur, Jhelum, Punjab.
ALI BAKHSH walad PAZL MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI DOST, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1829; was granted the personal title of Khan Bahadur for good
service in the Madras Police on ist January 1878; retired on pension,
1888.
Residence. North Arcot, Madras.
ALI DUT KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
c
i8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ALI GAUHAR walat SHAH MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, as in the last-mentioned case, and for the same
reason.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI GAUHAR KHAN, Khdn Bahadur. c
The title is personal, and was conferred on Qth June 1878.
Residence. Punjab.
ALI HAIDAR walad ALI MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, as the Mir is descended from one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI HASAN KHAN, Amir-ud-dauld Ihtisham-ul-Mulk, Bahadur,
Shujdat Jang.
The title is personal, and was originally conferred by the late Muhammad
Ali Shah, formerly King of Oudh, in 1837. He is the grandson of the late
Saadat Ali Khan, King of Oudh ; and his title was recognised on the 4th
December 1877.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
ALI HUSAIN walad ALI AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, as the Mir is descended from one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shika'rpur, Sind.
ALI HUSAIN SARDAR MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The Prince is the fourteenth son of the late King of Oudh, and his title
is a courtesy title, personal to himself.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
ALI HUSAIN KHAN, Shams-ud-dauld Mukhtar-ul-Mulk,
Bahadur, Mustakim Jang.
Is grandson of the late Saadat Ali Khan, King of Oudh. His titles were
originally conferred by the late Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Oudh ; and
were recognised by Government, 4th December 1877.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
ALI JAN, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 19
ALI KHAN, SAYYID, Nawdb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Monghyr, Bengal.
MADAD KHAN walad SOHRAB KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, as the Mir is descended from one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI MADAD KHAN walad AHMAD KHAN, H.H. Mir, Mir.
Born 1835. The first title is personal. The second title (Mir) is heredi-
tary, as His Highness is descended from the old Mirs or Chiefs of Sind.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI MARDAN KHAN walad RUSTAM KHAN, Mir.
Born 1 3th July 1813. The title is hereditary. Belongs to the Suhra-
bani branch of the Talpur family, formerly Amirs of Sind, being the son of
Mir Rustam Khan, who was a ruling Amir at the time of the annexation.
The Mir has two sons Mehrab Khan and Khudadad Khan.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
ALI MAZHAR SAHIB, HAPIZ, Khdn Bahadur.
Connected with the Carnatic family ; was granted the personal title on
ist June 1888.
Residence. Karur, Madras.
ALI MUHAMMAD KHAN walad SADIK ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
ALI MUHAMMAD SHAD, SAYYID, Khdn Bahadur.
Is a descendant of the same family as the Nawab Vilayat AH Khan,
C.I.E. (g.v.) ; and was granted the title on ist January 1891, in consideration
of his social position and learning.
Residence. Patna, Bengal.
ALI MUHAMMAD, Mirza.
The title is hereditary. Is the son of Mirza Khusro Beg.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
20 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ALI MURAD KHAN walad AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
Born ist September 1835. The title is hereditary; and the Mir is a
son of the Mir Ahmad Khan of the Shahwani branch of the Talpur family,
formerly Amirs of Sind.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
f
ALI NAWAZ walad SADIK ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
ALI NAWAZ KHAN walad GHULAM SHAH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALI NAWAZ KHAN walad GHULAM MURTAZA
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALIM KHAN, JAMADAR, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, for good
military service, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most
Gracious Majesty.
Residence. With 2Oth Bengal Infantry.
ALIPURA, CHHATARPATI, C.S.I., Rao Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Rao of Alipura was born on the 29:11 August 1853 ; and succeeded
to the Raj on the 3rd November 1871. He is a Rajput (Hindu) of the
Parihar clan ; and is descended from the Rao Mukund Singh, a Sardar of
Panna, whose grandson, Rao Pratap Singh, received a sanad from the British
Government in 1808. The old title of the family was Sewai Rao; but Rao
only was used until the year 1877, when the additional title of Bahadur was
granted as a personal distinction at the Delhi Imperial Assemblage, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India. The
area of the State is 69 square miles; its population 14,891, chiefly Hindus.
The Rao Bahadur was created a C.S.I. on i5th February 1887, on the occa-
sion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. He maintains
a military force of 6 cavalry, 277 infantry, and 3 guns.
Residence. Alipura, Bundelkhand, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ALIRAJPUR, RANA PARTAB SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief (ininor).
The Rana Partab Singh is a minor. He was born about the year 1881,
and succeeded to the Raj on the i4th February 1891. He is a Sisodiya
Rajput, said to be descended from the family of His Highness the
Maharana of Udaipur. The area of the State is 836 square miles ; its
population is 56,827, chiefly Hindus, but including nearly 19,000 Bhils.
The Rana is entitled to a salute of 9 guns, and maintains a military force
of ii cavalry, 169 infantry, and 7 guns.
Residence. Alirajpur, Bhopdwar, Central India.
ALLAH BAKHSH walad ALI BAKHSH, Mir.
Born ist October 1865. The title is hereditary, the Mir being a son of
Mir AH Bakhsh of the Shahwani branch of the Talpur family, formerly
Amirs of Sind.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
ALLAH BAKHSH walad GHULAM MURTAZA
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALLAH BAKHSH walad GHULAM HUSAIN KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, for the same reason as above.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALLAH BAKHSH, MUNSHI, Khdn Bahadur.
Granted the title of Khan Bahadur as a personal distinction, in promo-
tion from that of Khan Saheb, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Meshed.
ALLAH RAKHIO walad GHULAM MURTAZA KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALLAHDAD KHAN, Nawdb.
The title is hereditary, and the present Nawab, in 1889, succeeded his
father, Nawab Sarfaraz Khan, C. S. I. Sarbuland Khan, the founder of the family,
and the first Nawab of Mankerah, was an Afghan of the Saddozai, a ruling
race of Kabul, and held the government of the Derajat under the Nawab of
22 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Multan. Subsequently he obtained, through the Kabul Government,
possession of the Mankerah territory, and took up his residence at Bhakkar
on the Indus. On his death in 1816 he was succeeded by Hafiz Ahmad
Khan, his daughter's son, who was the great-grandfather of the present
Nawab. He was succeeded by his son, Shah Nawaz Khan; and in the
latter's time, Ranjit Singh, after the conquest of Multan, besieged and took
Mankerah. A treaty was, however, subsequently concluded, by which the
Nawab was left in possession of a considerable territory. He wa succeeded
by his son, Nawab Sarfaraz Khan ; and the latter by his son, the present t
Nawab.
Residence. Dera Ismail Kha"n, Punjab.
ALLAHDAD KHAN walad AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
ALLAHDAD KHAN walad WALIDAD KHAN, Mir.
The. title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
ALLAHDAD KHAN, RAISANI, MIE, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Khanak and Barkhan, Baluchistan.
ALTAP HUSAIN, SHAIKH (of Lucknow), Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1842. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2Qth May
1886. The Khan Bahadur is a son of the late Shaikh Kasim Ali, who was
chakladdr in the time of Amjad Ali Shah. Is an Honorary Magistrate, and
Member of the Municipal and District Boards, Cawnpur.
Residence. Cawnpur, North- Western Provinces.
ALUMAL TRIKAMDAS BHOJVANI, Rao Saheb,
Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
ALVA (REWA KANTHA), THAKUR RASUL KHAN, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Was born about the year 1875, and is a Muhammadan of Rajput descent.
The area of the State is about 3 square miles, and its population consists
chiefly of aboriginal Bhils.
Residence. Alva, Rewd Kdntha, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 23
ALWAR, His Highness the Maharaja Sawai of.
His Highness the Maharaja is a minor, and only succeeded to the
Raj in the year 1892, on the death of the late Maharaja, Lieutenant-
Colonel His Highness the Maharaja Sawai Sir Mangal Singh Bahadur,
G.C.S.I. He is a Rajput (Hindu) of the Naruka clan, and is descended
from Pratap Singh, Rao of Macheri. The latter, on becoming Raja of Raj-
t garh, took the title of Rao Raja of Macheri; and subsequently, on bringing
the whole of Alwar into subjection, he assumed the title of Maharao
Raja, and proclaimed his independence in 1770 A.D. The family was an
offshoot from the ruling family of Jaipur. The area of the State is 3024
square miles; its population 682,926, chiefly Hindus (but including more
than 150,000 Muhammadans). His Highness is entitled to a salute of 15
guns, and maintains a military force of 2189 cavalry, 3676 infantry, and 351
guns. The revenue of the State is Rs. 2 6, 5 8, 7 9 2.
Residence. Alwar, Rajputdna.
AMALA, RAJA RATAN SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Raja was born about the year 1841, and is of Bhil descent. The
State, which is one of the Dang States, in Khandesh, is about 119 square
miles in area ; and its population, which consists chiefly of Bhils, Konknas,
and other aboriginal tribes, is about 5300.
Residence. Amala, Khdndesh, Bombay.
AMAN SINGH, Rao.
Born 1 4th August 1876. The title is hereditary, and the traditional
account of its origin is, that Raja Chhatarsal gave the village of Salaiyah in
Pargana Panwari in dowry to Sabha Singh, Panwar Thakur, to whom the
Raja's daughter was married, together with the title of Rao, which the family
have ever since enjoyed. Rao Aman Singh's grandfather was Rao Nawal
Singh.
Residence. Hamirpur, North- Western Provinces.
AMAN SINGH (of Bhandra), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, and was originally derived from Raja Nizam Shah
of Mandla. The title was conferred on Raja Nirpat Singh, grandfather of
the present Raja. The latter's son is Kunwar Hanman Singh.
Residence. Bhandra, Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
AMANAT FATIMA (of Basitnagar), Begam.
See Basitnagar.
24 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
AMAB CHAND, Rdjd.
The Raja, whose family is of Rajput (Katoch) origin, succeeded his
father, Raja Sir Jodbhir Singh, in 1873. Sir Jodbhir Singh was brother-in-
law of the Maharaja Ran jit Singh of Lahore, and was created a Knight of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, and granted a personal salute of 7
guns, by the Government. He has several sons, of whom the elc^sst is Mian
Narindar Singh.
Residence. Nadaun, Kangra, Punjab.
AMAR SINGH, Rat.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth August 1859.
Residence. Muzaffarnagar, North- Western Provinces.
AMAR SINGH (of Ramgarh), Midn.
The title is hereditary. The family is of Rajput origin, and claims
descent from Singar Chand, Raja of Bilaspur (Kahlur). A descendant of
Raja Singar Chand, named Khushal Singh, conquered Ramgarh and the
adjoining territories, and built a fort at Ramgarh.
Residence. Rdmgarh, Ambala, Punjab.
AMAR SINGH, Sarddr.
Born 1858. The title is hereditary. The family is of Jat origin, and is
descended from Sardar Sujan Singh, who took possession of Shahkot and ten
neighbouring villages in 1759 on the decline of the Mughal Empire. His
successors were reduced to submission by Sardar Fateh Singh Ahluwalia, and
subsequently by the Maharaja Ran jit Singh of Lahore.
Residence. Shdhkot, Jdlandhar, Punjab.
AMAR SINGH (of Balloki), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jdlandhar, Punjab.
AMAR SINGH (of Naugaza), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jalandhar, Punjab.
AMAR SINGH, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Gujranwala, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 25
AMAR SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Punjab.
AMARBNDRA KRISHNA DEB, Kumar.
Fourth son of the late Raja Kali Krishna Deb Bahadur, and a de-
scendant of the famous Maharaja Navakissen Deb Bahadur, the founder of
the Sobha Bazar Raj family of Calcutta.
Residence. No. I Raja" Rally Kissen's Street, Calcutta, Bengal.
AMBIKA CHARAN RAI, Rai Bahddur.
Born in 1827, at Behala, near Calcutta; son of the late Bdbu Durga
Prasad Rai. Is twelfth in descent from Raja Gajendranath Rai, who was a
Minister in the Court of Delhi in the reign of the Emperor Jahangir. The
family was settled at Anarpur near Dum-dum, but removed to Behala to-
wards the close of the last century, on account of the Mahratta raids. The
Rai Bahadur entered the service of Government in 1842, and in 1862 was
appointed Chief Translator of the Calcutta High Court, Appellate Side.
Has taken an active and enlightened part in municipal affairs, especially in
connection with the South Suburban Municipality, of which he has been
the elected Chairman ever since the introduction of the elective system.
He has also been distinguished for public benefactions, in the building of
schools, digging of tanks, and in other ways. On the occasion of Her
Majesty's Jubilee he obtained from Government the title of Rai Bahadur,
and a gold medal with the following inscription : " Presented by Govern-
ment to Umbica Churn Roy, Zaminddr, Chief Translator, High Court, and
Chairman, South Suburban Municipality, with the title of Rai Bahadur, in
recognition of meritorious and faithful services to the State and Public.
Presented on the occasion of Her Majesty the Queen Empress's Jubilee,
1 6th February 1887, to Umbica Churn Roy of Behala, 24-Pergunnahs."
He has four sons Surendranath Rai, B.A., B.L., of the High Court, Cal-
cutta ; Satyendranath Rai ; Amarendranath Rai ; Devendranath Rai.
Residence. Behala, Bengal.
AMETHI, Rdjd of. See Madho Singh of Amethi.
AMIN CHAND (of Bijwara), Sarddr Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1887. The
Sardar Bahadur served for many years under the Punjab Government as
Extra Assistant Commissioner and Assistant Settlement Officer, and was
subsequently Judicial Assistant Commissioner and Judge of the Small Cause
Court of Ajmir. He is of a Khatri family ; his son is Ram Chand.
Residence. Bijwdra, Hoshidrpur, Punjab.
26 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
AMIR AHMAD, SAYYID, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign, for eminent
oriental scholarship. It entitles the holder to take rank in Darbar im-
mediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. North- Western Provinces. *
AMIR ALI, THE HON. SAYYID, C.I.E.
Is a Puisne Judge of the High Court of Calcutta. He was created a
Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 1 5th February
1887, in recognition of his position as an eminent member of the Calcutta
Bar. Belongs to a family that claims descent from the Prophet.
Residence. C alcutta.
AMIR ALI, SAYYID, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2ist July 1877.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
AMIR ALI KHAN walad FAZL MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
AMIR HASAN, SAYYID, Khdn.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Allahabad, North- Western Provinces.
AMIR HUSAIN, SAYYID, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1888.
Residence.
AMIR MUHAMMAD KHAN, JAMADAR, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign, for military
services.
Residence. With nth Bengal Lancers.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 27
AMIR SHAH, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur received the title as a personal distinction on 25th
May 1892. Is an Assistant Surgeon in the Medical Service, and Lecturer in
Chemistry in the Lahore Veterinary Surgeon.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
AMIR, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. B ombay .
AM JAD ALI, SAYYID, Sarddr Bahadur.
Son of Sayyid Anwar Ali. The title was conferred for eminent services
in the Mutiny. His son is Sayyid Kasim Ali, Honorary Magistrate of
Delhi.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
AMLIYARA, THAKUR JALAMSINGHJI AMARSINGHJI,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur, who is a Hindu of Koli (aboriginal) descent, was born
about the year 1860, and succeeded to the gadi on the 23rd April 1876.
The State (which is in Mahi Kantha, Bombay Presidency) contains an area
of about 157 square miles, and a population (chiefly Hindu) of 12,437.
Residence. Amliydra, Mcihi Kcintha, Bombay.
AMRIK SINGH,. CHHACHI, Sarddr.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary. Is son of Sardar Nehal Singh, who
married the only daughter of Sardar Gurmukh Singh, and was allowed to take
the name of Chhachi and to succeed to his father-in-law's jdgir. Sardar
Nehal Singh did valuable service to Government in the rebellion of 1848;
and for his loyalty in the time of the Mutiny received an additional jdgir.
In 1857 the present Sardar (then Amrik Singh, eldest son of Sardar Nehal
Singh) raised a risala of mounted police and took them down to Oudh,
where they did excellent service.
Residence. Rawalpindi, Punjab.
AMRIK SINGH, HASSANWALIA, SARDAR, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January
1893.
Residence . Punj ab.
AMULAK SHIVDAS, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
28 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ANANDA DIN, Rat Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1883.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
ANANDA GAJAPATI RAZ, Mahdrdjd Sir P., G.CV.E.
See Vizianagram.
ANANDATONAI RAI, Rdjd Rai.
This is one of the titles that appear not to have been formally recognised
by Government. It was originally conferred for approved service by the
Emperor of Delhi. The earliest Rajas were Raja Pratapaditya Rai and Raja
Basanta Kumar Rai.
Residence. Khulna, Bengal.
ANANTA CHARLU, P., Rai Bahadur.
Born 1844 ; is an advocate of the High Court, Madras, and appointed
Member of the Madras Municipal Commission in 1884. Granted the
personal title in 1887.
Residence. Madras.
ANTARJI NARAYAN KOTNIS, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890.
Residence. Vingurla, Bombay.
ANTHONY, MATING, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890. It means
" Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the letters
T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Legaing, Burma.
APJI AMAR SING-H, Rao Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the occasion of the
Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Kotah, Rajputdna.
APPAJI RAOJI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 9th April 1883.
Residence. Sholapur, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 29
APPU SASTRIYAR, S., Rao Bahadur.
Born 1855; was granted the personal title in 1889 for services to
education.
Residence. Kumbhakonam, Tanjore, Madras.
J
ARGOT, Prince of. See Muhammad Munawwar AH, Khdn Bahadur^
Prince of Arcot.
ARGOT, THE PRINCESS OF, Nawdb.
The title is a personal one, recognised in 1886.
Residence. Madras.
ARDESAR DORABJI (of Ahmadabad), Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Ajmir.
ARJUN SINGH (of Chahal), Sarddr.
Born 1845 > succeeded his father Sardar Joala Singh in 1852. The title
is hereditary. The Sardar comes of a Chahal Jat family. Its founder, Katha
Singh, was in the service of the Bhangi Sardars, who had taken possession of
Lahore in 1764; and his son Karm Singh, on the overthrow of the Bhangi
chiefs, took service with the Maharaja Ranjit Singh, and ultimately became
one of his most powerful Sardars. He was killed in the battle of Theri on
the Yusufzai border ; and his eldest son, Sardar Gurmukh Singh, died of
cholera at Kohat. Sardar Joala Singh, father of the present Sardar, was at
this time only four years old ; so the Maharaja Ranjit Singh resumed many
of the jdgirs of the family.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
ARUMUGAM PILLAI, M., Rao Bahddur.
Born 1860 ; was granted the personal title for good service in the Madras
Revenue Department.
Residence. Ponneri, Chengalpat, Madras.
ARUR SINGH (of Naushahara Nangal), Sarddr.
Of a Shergil Jat family. The title is hereditary ; the founder of the
family was Sardar Mirza Singh, who joined the Kanahayya confederacy.
His son, Sardar Kanh Singh, and his grandson, Sardar Jassa Singh, were in
the service of the Majithia Chief.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
30 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ASAD KHAN, C.I.B., Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, as the Sardar is the Chief of the Sarawan Brahuis.
He was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1878.
Residence. Baluchistan.
c
ASAD-ULLA KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Meerut, North-Western Provinces.
ASGHAR ALI, SAYYID, C.S.I., Nawdb Bahddur.
Born about the year 1831 ; son of the Nawab Tahwar Jang. The Sayyid
is the descendant and representative of the famous Nawab Muhammad Reza
Khan Bahadur, otherwise known as Muzaffar Jang, the Naib Subahdar of
Bengal, who rendered very faithful service to Government in the time of
Lord Clive. The title of Nawab Bahadur was conferred on him in 1862, as
a personal distinction, "in consideration of his descent from a noble of
historical reputation, his father's liberal patronage of native education, and
his unblemished reputation." Has been a Member of the Bengal Legislative
Council, and a Municipal Commissioner for the town of Calcutta. Created
C.S.I. in 1866.
Residence. 156 Lower Circular Road, Calcutta, Bengal.
ASGHAR REZA, SAYYID, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign. Is a pro-
minent Zdmindar (landowner) of Krishnaganj in Purniah, Bengal.
Residence. Purniah, Bengal.
ASHRAF-UD-DIN AHMAD, SAYYID, Khdn Bahddur.
Mutawali of the Hughli Imambara. Created a Khan Bahadur, as a
personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Hughli, Bengal.
ASKARAN, SBTH, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Raipur, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 31
ASMAN JAH BAHADUR, His Excellency the Nawdb Sir, K.C.LE.
Prime Minister of the Deccan.
Born in 1839. Is great-grandson of Mir Nizam-tid-din Khan, the second
Nizam of the Deccan ; and one of the three Premier Nobles of the Hydera-
bad State, known as the illustrious Shamsiya family. His Excellency's family
name is Mohammad Mazahr-ud-din Khan, and his full titles are Rafath
Jang, Bashir-ud-daula, Umdat-ul-Mulk, Azam-ul-Umara, Amir-i-Akbar, Asman
Jah Bahadur. The Begam Bashir-un-Nissa Sahiba, daughter of the second
Nizam, was married to the Nawab Tej Jang, Shams-ul-Umara, Amir-i-Kabir ;
and the sons of this royal marriage were the Nawab Muhammad Sultan-ud-
din Khan Sabkat Jang, Bashir-ul-Mulk (father of His Excellency), and the
Nawab Muhammad Rafi-ud-din Khan Umdat-ul-Mulk. The former died
before his father. The latter succeeded to the titles of Shams-ul-Umara,
Amir-i-Kabir; and in 1869, on the death of His Highness the Nizam Afzul-
ud-daula, became Co-Regent of Hyderabad with the late Sir Salar Jang, in
consequence of the minority of His Highness the present Nizam. Under
the Regency the present Prime Minister held the important office of Minister
of Justice, as it was considered essential that at such a time that post should
be occupied by one of the highest nobles of the State; and in 1875, when
the late Sir Salar Jang was absent in Europe, His Excellency, in conjunction
with another nobleman, acted as Prime Minister and Regent, and received
the thanks of the Government of India for the skill and ability displayed
in this exalted capacity. On subsequent occasions also he occasionally
acted for the late Prime Minister during the absence of the latter from
Hyderabad. With his brother he acted as the representative of his
uncle, the then Co-Regent, on the occasion of the reception of His Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales at Bombay; and he also accompanied
His Highness the Nizam to the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in 1877,
and received the Delhi Medal. In 1877 the Amir-i-Kabir died, and
in 1883, on the death of Sir Salar Jang, the Nawab became a member
of the Council of Regency, and acted as administrator of the State
during the visit to Calcutta of His Highness the Nizam and the two adminis-
trators later in the same year. In 1887 he was deputed by His High-
ness as his representative in London on the auspicious occasion of the Jubilee
of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign, and maintained the dignity of his
illustrious kinsman's position, as First Prince of the Empire, with an ability
and liberality that left nothing to be desired. His Excellency had the honour
of being personally presented to Her Majesty the Empress at Windsor Castle.
Before his return to the Deccan he was chosen by His Highness for the
highest post in the State, that of Prime Minister; and in this great and
arduous office, his conspicuous success has gained the hearty approval of His
Highness, and the congratulations of the whole world. With the loyal and
brotherly co-operation of his distinguished kinsman, His Excellency the
Vikar-ul-Umara (also one of the three Premier Nobles of the State), and all
the most able statesmen of Hyderabad, he has raised the government of
His Highness the Nizam's territories to the highest state of efficiency and
enlightenment. On the auspicious occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee
of the reign of Her Majesty the Queen Empress in 1887, he was created a
Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire ; and
32 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
the speech of the British Resident, when investing him with the insignia on
that occasion, bore ample testimony to the appreciation of the Imperial
Government. Similar sentiments were expressed by the late Viceroy of
India, Lord Dufferin, on the occasion of Sir Asman Jah's visit to Calcutta
in 1888.
Sir Asman Jah, like his noble kinsman, the Vikar-ul-Umara, is famous
for his unbounded hospitality, for his proficiency as a sportsman, and in other
accomplishments of social life ; and both these noblemen, like their kinsman
Sir Khurshid Jah, K.C.I.E., have shared the fortune of their ancestor the
Nawab Tej Jang, Shams-ul-Umara, Amir-i-Kabir, in allying themselves by
marriage with Princesses of the Royal House of Hyderabad.
Residences. Bashir Bagh, Hyderabad ; Sarurnagar, Hyderabad ; Joha"nnuma,
Hyderabad.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 33
ASMAN JAH BAHADUR, MIRZA, Prince.
The title is the courtesy title of the second son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
ASOTHAR, Rdjd of. See Lachhman Parshad Singh.
ATA HUSAIN, SAYYID, Nawdb.
Born 1860. The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February
1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious
Majesty. Married the daughter of His late Highness the Nawab Muntazim-
ul-Mulk, Mohsin-ud-daula" Faridun Jah Sayyid Mansur Ali Khan Bahadur
Nasrat Jang Nazim of Murshidabad ; and has issue Mahi-ud-din Husain, born
1885 ; and Main-ud-din Husain, born 1887. Is descended from Sayyid Khan
Dastur, a Persian follower of the Emperor Humayun, distinguished for his
bravery, who became Zaminddr of Surjyapur, Purniah, in the Subah of Bengal.
Succeeded by his son-in-law Sayyid Rai Khan, who obtained &farmdn from the
great Akbar Shah, Emperor of Delhi ; and Sayyid Rai Khan's son, Raja Sayyid
Raja, obtained the title of Raja from Shah Shuja, Nazim of Bengal, in the year
of the Hijrah 1052. After several generations one of his descendants, Raja
Sayyid Muhammad Jalal of Surjyapur, was defeated by the Nawab Saulat Jang
at his fort of Jalalgarh, as recorded in the Siyar-ul-Mutakharin. His grandson,
Raja Sayyid Faqr-ud-din Husain, was a distinguished Zaminddr ; he took the
decennial settlement from the British Government. Succeeded by his son,
Raja Sayyid Dedar Husain ; and the latter by his son, Raja Sayyid Inayat
Husain (father of the present Nawab), who rendered good service to Govern-
ment both during the Mutinies and in the Bhutan war of 1864. The
Nawab Sayyid Ata Husain is an Honorary Magistrate of the Krishnaganj
subdivision, a Member of the Central Committee of the Imperial Institute
in India, and a Life-Member of Lady Dufferin's Fund.
Residence. Khagra, Pargana" Surjyapur, Purniah, Bengal.
ATA MUHAMMAD KHAN, KHAGWANI, Nawdb.
Is a descendant of the Khagwani (Afghan) family, and was created a
Nawab in 1875. His father, a distinguished soldier named Gholam Sarwar
Khan, accompanied Major Lumsden to Kandahar, and on his death the
Nawab Ata Muhammad Khan succeeded to the command of his troop. Was
selected by General Nicholson, who summoned him from Bannu in 1857, to
join his movable column ; greatly distinguished himself in the subsequent
campaigns, and on one occasion bravely saved the life of a British officer,
Lieutenant Humphrey. The Nawab was selected to succeed Nawab Gholam
Hasan Khan as the British representative at the Court of the Amir of
Kabul. He has five sons Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Khan, Muhammad
Nawaz Khan, Mahmud Khan, and Hamid Khan.
Residence. Dera Ismail Khdn, Punjab.
D
34 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ATA MUHAMMAD, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889 for distin-
guished service in the Medical Department.
Residence. Hodeida.
ATAR SINGH (of Bhadaur), Sarddr Sir, K. C.I.E.
Son of Sardar Khark Singh; born 1833; * s Chief of Bhadaur, a branch
of the Phul family, from which descend the Chiefs of Patiala, Jind, and
Nabha ; educated in Sanskrit at Benares ; rendered good service to British
Government during Mutiny, 1857 (thanked by Government and exempted
from payment of six months' commutation-tax) ; elected a Member of Asiatic
Society of Bengal 1869, of Senate of Punjab University (then University
College) 1870, of Anjuman-i-Punjab 1870, and Vice-President thereof 1880,
and in that year Patron of the Sat-Sabha Punjab, and Member of the Sri-
Guru-Singh Sabha, Lahore, and of the Bengal Philharmonical Society; in
1877, on the occasion of the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi, received the
title of "Malaz-ul-Ulama-ul-Fazila"; removed his Library of English,
Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit, and Gurmukhi books from Bhadaur to Ludhiana,
where it was publicly opened on 24th May 1878; in 1873 translated the
Sakhee Book, or doctrines of the Sikh religion, from Gurmukhi into English,
in 1876 the Travels of Guru Tej Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh, and in
1875-76, for the Government, several chapters of the Granth (Sikh Scriptures)
into Urdu (thanked by Government and Secretary of State) ; appointed
Member of General Committee of Darbar Sahib (Golden Temple), Amritsar,
1883, and Vice-President and Trustee, Khalsa College Establishment
Committee, 1890; founded Sri-Guru-Singh Sabha at Ludhiana and made
President thereof 1884; granted, 1887, the title of Mahamahopadhyaya
(entitling him to rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas) ; President
of the Khalsa Divan ; Life-Member of the Punjab Branch of the Countess
of Dufferin's Fund; created C.I.E. 1880, K.C.I.E. 1888; appointed
Member of the Committee of Management of the Aitchison Chiefs' College,
Lahore.
Residence. Bhadaur House, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
ATHGARH, RAJA SRI KARAN BHAGIRATHI BIWARTA
PATNAIK, Rdjd of.
A Euling Chief.
The Raja, who is a Hindu of Kayasth descent, was born about the year
1844, and succeeded to the gadi on the 8th February 1869. Descended
from the Raja Niladri Deo Barman, who founded this State in very early
times by conquest ; and twenty-seven generations have intervened between
him and the present Raja. The State is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals,
Bengal ; its area is about 168 square miles, and its population (chiefly Hindus)
is about 31,000. The Raja maintains a military force of 341 men.
Residence. Athgarh, Orissa, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 35
ATHMALIK, MAHARAJA MAHBNDRA DEO SAWANT,
Mahdrdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Maharaja, who is a Hindu of Kshatriya descent, was born about
the year 1848, and succeeded to the gadi on the 4th February 1877. This
State is said to have been founded by one Pratap Deo, who, with seven other
brothers of the Raja of Jaipur, came with their families on a pilgrimage to
Puri. For some reason or other they had a quarrel with the Raja of Puri, by
whom two of the brothers were put to death. The remaining five brothers
fled for their lives to the hills, and settled at Bonai, of which they took
possession, and of which one of the brothers was made Raja. The sister of
this Raja of Bonai married Balbhadra Bhanj, a brother of the Keunjhar Raja,
who, having plotted to dethrone his brother, was put to death by him.
Balbhadra's wife fled to Bonai, and although the Raja of Keunjhar sent
ambassadors there to bring her back, Pratap Deo refused to allow her to
return, and went with her to Ramganj in Bod, where she gave birth to a son.
At that time a Brahman named Gobardhan Deo was Raja of Bod, and as
his only son was dead, he adopted Pratap Dec's nephew as his son and heir.
At this time a Raja who was a Dom by caste was ruling on the north of the
Mahanadi. Pratap Deo defeated him, and becoming ruler of his dominions,
founded a village and named it Pratap-pur after himself. The elevated
plain across the Handpagarh is, to the present day, renowned as the
garh of the Dom Raja ; and a village called Pratap-pur still exists near it.
Pratap Deo found a handa (metal top) in a tank which he was excavating
there, and gave the place and the State the name of Handpa. In course of
time one of the Chiefs who ruled after Pratap Deo divided the State into
eight subdivisions, and placed a Chief over each, with a view of bringing
the aborigines into subjection. Hence the State changed its name from
Handpa to Athmalik (" eight chiefs "). The State (which is one of the
Orissa Tributary Mahals) has an area of 730 square miles. Its population,
21,774, is chiefly Hindu; but there are more than 5000 aboriginal hill-men.
The Maharaja has a military force of 360 men and i gun.
Residence. Athmalik, Orissa, Bengal.
36 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ATMA SINGH (of Padhana), Sarddr.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
ATMARAM BABA (of Gursarai), Rdjd
Born 1831. The title was conferred on 2nd September 1882. The
Raja is a Dakhani Pandit (Maharashtra Brahman) whose family settled in
Gursarai under the Peshwas. Dinkar Rao Ana was sent from Puna, after
the death of Gobind Rao Bundela, Subahdar of Jalaun, to manage the
Jalaun district and other territories of the Peshwa in Bundelkhand. His
second son was the Raja Kesho Rao Dinkar, father of the present Raja ;
who, with his four sons, performed the most eminent military services to the
Government throughout the Mutiny in every part of the much-disturbed
Jhansi division, and received in acknowledgment the title of Raja Bahadur
with a khilat and valuable grants. His son succeeded him in 1882.
Residence. Gursarai, Pargana" Garotha, Jhansi, North-Western Provinces.
ATTAR SINGH (of Maloha), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary; and the Sardar belongs to a Khatri family,
descended from the Sardar Dyal Singh, whose sons were dispossessed of
much of their territory by the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore.
Residence. Maloha, Ambala, Punjab.
AULAD ALI, MAULAVI SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
Was an Assistant Superintendent of Police, Bengal, and in that capacity
rendered valuable services to the Government. He has subsequently taken
an active and useful part in the municipal work of Gya, where he has been
an Honorary Magistrate and Member of the District Board and Municipal
Committee.
Residence. Gya, Bengal.
AULAD HUSAIN, C.I.E., Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India. He was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, ist January 1882.
Residence. Raipur, Central Provinces.
AUNDH, SHRINIVAS PARASHURAM, Pant Pratinidhi of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Pant Pratinidhi of Aundh, who is a Hindu Chief of Brahman
descent, was born on the 27th November 1833, and succeeded to the gadi
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 37
on nth June 1848. He was a Member of the Bombay Legislative Council
from 1866 to 1868. He has four sons Parashuram Rao, Gangadhar Rao,
Bhawan Rao, and Bhagwant Rao. The State was formerly a feudatory of
Satara ; and this was indicated by the title Pratinidhi, which meant " the
likeness or representation of the Raja," and was conferred on the Pratinidhi
Parashuram Trimbak during the reign of the Raja Rajaram Maharaj of
Satara. The title of Pant was adopted by Parashuram Pratinidhi in 1846,
on which occasion he paid a nazar of Rs. 2 5,000 to the Raja of Satara.
Residence. Aundh, Sata>a, Bombay.
AUNG- GYI, MAUNG-, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Ye-u, Burma.
AUTAR SINGH (of Mananali), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Arabella, Punjab.
AVCHAR, NAIK YBSHWANT BADAL, Naik of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Naik, who is a Bhil (of aboriginal descent), was born about the
year 1877. The area of the State (which is one of the Dang States in
Khandesh, Bombay) is about 8 square miles, with a scanty population of
about 500 Bhils.
Residence. Avchar, Khdndesh, Bombay.
AYODHYANATH MISR SAMAVEDI, PANDIT,
Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is personal (entitling the holder to take rank in Darbar immedi-
ately after Rajas), and was conferred on ist January 1890, for eminence in
oriental scholarship.
Residence. Muzaffarpur, Bengal.
AZAM ALI, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd September 1853.
Residence. Murshidabad, Bengal.
AZAM GAURISHANKAR UDBSHANKAR, C.S.I.
See Gaurishankar.
38 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
AZAM SHAH, Rdjd.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Ndgpur, Central Provinces.
AZIM HUSAIN KHAN, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth July 1*886, for dis-
tinguished military services.
Residence. With 5th Punjab Cavalry.
AZIM KHAN, KUNDI, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Dera Ismail Kha"n, Punjab.
AZIM -UD- DIN KHAN, General (of Rampur), Khan Bahddur.
Born 1854. The title was conferred on ist January 1885. Is an
Umarkhel Pathan of the Yusufzai tribe of Afghans, descended from the old
family of the Nawabs of Najibabad. His grandfather, Nawa"b Najib-ud-
daula, held the title of Amir-ul-Umara, and was Prime Minister at the Mughal
Imperial Court of Delhi. He succeeded his uncle, Nawab AH Asghar, Khan
Bahadur, C.S.I., as General Commanding the Rampur State troops, and as
confidential vakil for the Court to the British Government. Is Vice-President
of the Council of Regency, Rampur State.
Residence. Moradabad, North- Western Provinces.
AZIZ-ULLA, AKHUND (of Matare), Khdn Bahddur.
The title of Khan Bahadur is personal, and was conferred on 25th
January 1865.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
AZMAT ALI KHAN (of Karnal), Nawdb Bahddur.
Born 1833. Is of a Jat family, claiming descent from King Naushirwan,
who are styled Mandul Naushirwani. Muhamdi Khan, great-grandfather of
Nawab Atmat Ali Khan, and his two brothers, were in the service of the
Mahrattas at the head of 200 horsemen, and were rewarded by a grant of
extensive lands in Muzaffarnagar and elsewhere. During the Mahratta war,
Muhamdi Khan aided the British forces ; and at its close exchanged his
lands in the Doab for the Pargana of Karnal, one-third of which descended
to the ancestor of Nawab Azmat Ali Khan. During the disturbances of
1857, the Nawab Ahmad Ali Khan, father of the present Nawab, most
loyally aided the Government with all his retainers ; and his services were
suitably recognised on the restoration of order. The present Nawab formally
received that title in 1868; and the further addition of Bahadur on ist
January 1891.
Residences. Karndl, Punjab ; and Jaroda, Muzaffarnagar, North - Western
Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 39
BA TU, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Mm.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chaift of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Henzada, Burma.
BA U, MAUNG, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign. It means
" Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the letters
T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Sal win, Burma.
BA WA, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe y a Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2Qth May 1886. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Rangoon, Burma.
BABA KHBM SINGH, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1879.
BACHAL walad GHULAM NAJAF KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
BACHITTAR SINGH (of Shahabad), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Ambala, Punjab.
BADAN SINGH (of Malaudh), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardars of Malaudh (like those of Bhadaur)
being descendants of Phul, and therefore of the same stock with the Phulkian
Chiefs of Patiala, Jind, and Nabha. The family is Jat Sidhu, and conquered
the district of Malaudh from the Afghans of Maler Kotla in 1754. Sardar
Badan Singh's father was Sardar Mit Singh, who, with his brother Fateh
Singh, did good service during the war of 1845-46, supplying fifty horse-
men, and himself fighting in person at the battles of Mudki and Firuzshahr.
In 1857 he showed conspicuous loyalty, being always ready with men and
money to assist the Government ; he received as a reward the remission of
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
a year's commutation money, while one-sixteenth of the whole sum was
excused in perpetuity. In 1872, when Malaudh was attacked by the Kukas,
Sardar Badan Singh was badly wounded by the rebels.
Residence. Malaudh, Ludhia"na, Punjab.
BADAR-I-MUNIB, Shdhzdda.
The title is personal, and was recognised 4th February 1853, the
Shahzada being a descendant of the royal family of Kabul.
Residence. Ludhidna, Punjab.
BADI-UD-DIN, KHWAJA, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th February 1882.
Residence. Bulddna, Bardr.
BADBI DAS, MUKIM, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1833. The title was conferred on ist January 1877, on the occasion
of the celebration of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
BADRI DAT TOSHI, PANDIT, Rai Bahadur.
Born 4th October 1830. The title is personal, and was conferred on
1 6th February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty. The Rai Bahadur's ancestor held the office of
Minister of Kumaon in the time of the Chand and Gurkha Raj.
Residence. Kumaon, North-Western Provinces.
BAG-HAL, EAJA DHYAN SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1841 ; succeeded to the gadi 26th July 1878. Belongs to
a Puar Rajput (Hindu) family, descended from Ujjab De, who came from
Ujjain, and conquered Baghal at an unknown date. The State was overrun
by the Gurkhas from Nepal between 1803 and 1815 ; but after their expul-
sion in the latter year, the Puar chief (about twenty-fifth in descent from
Ujjab De) was recognised by Government. Kishan Singh, who had been
raised to the rank of Raja in 1875, died on 23rd July 1877, and was suc-
ceeded by his infant son, Raja Moti Singh; but the latter also died on i2th
October 1877, when the present Raja, a collateral descendant of Ujjab De,
succeeded. The area of the State (which is one of the Simla Hill States)
is about 124 square miles; its population 20,633, chiefly Hindus. The
Raja maintains a military force of 150 infantry and i gun.
Residence. Baghal, Punjab.
BAGHAL SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 24th May 1883.
Residence. Sialkot, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 41
BAGHAT, RANA DALIP SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to^ the gadi on the 3ist January 1862. Belongs
to a Rajput family, the ancestor of whom came from Dorar Nagri in the
Deccan, and acquired possession of the State by conquest. During the
Gurkha wars (1803-15) the conduct of the then chief, Rana Mohindar
Singh, had been unfriendly; so on the expulsion of the Gurkhas, three-
fourths of the Baghat State was sold to Patiala for Rs. 1,30,000 and the
remaining fourth was granted to Rana Mohindar Singh and his heirs. He
died without issue on nth July 1839, and the State was at first treated as
lapsed; but in 1842 Lord Ellenborough restored it to Rana Bije Singh,
brother of Mohindar Singh. He died in January 1849, leaving no direct heir,
and the State was at first again treated as lapsed; but in 1861 Lord Canning
restored it, for good and loyal conduct, to Umaid Singh, a cousin of the late
Rana. But before the sanad conferring the grant could be prepared, Umaid
Singh died, and his last request was that his son Dalip Singh might succeed
him. In January 1862 a sanad was granted to Rana Dalip Singh. The
area of the State (which is one of the Simla Hill States) is about 60 square
miles; its population 8339, chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a military
force of 25 soldiers.
Residence. Baghat, Punjab.
BAGLI, THAKUR RAGHUNATH SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur is descended from a Rahtor Rajput family (Hindu). He
was born 1860 ; and succeeded to the gadi in January 1869. The State is
enclosed within that of Gwalior, so that its exact area is not known. Its
population is 14,645, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. >Bagli, Indore, Central India.
BAHADUR ALI KHAN, Nawdb Bahadur.
The Nawab Bahadur is the son of the Nawab Amir AH Khan, who was
the grandson of His late Majesty Shuja-ud-daula, King of Oudh.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
BAHADUR SINGH, THAKUR, Rao Saheb.
The title was conferred on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Masuda, Ajmir.
BAHAR MAL, Rao.
The title was conferred on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Merwara.
42 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BAHAWALPUR, HIS HIGHNESS RUKN-UD-DAULA NASRAT
JANG HAFIZ-UL-MULK MUKHLIS-UD-DAULA NAWAB
SIR SADIK MUHAMMAD KHAN BAHADUR, G.C.S.I.,
Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born in 1862 ; succeeded to ft\t gadi in 1866. Belongs to a Daudputra
(Muhammadan) family, whose ancestor came from Sind about the middle
of the 1 8th century. Muhammad Sadik Khan was Governor of Bahawalpur
under the Sikh Government ; and the chiefs of his clan retained virtual
independence till his second son, the Nawab Bahawal Khan I., reduced the
whole tribe, and consolidated his power. By the treaties of Lahore between
the British Government and the Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the latter was con-
fined to the right bank of the Satlej ; and thereby Bahawalpur was protected
from the Sikhs. The Nawab rendered faithful assistance to the Government
in the first Afghan war; and during the siege of Multan the troops of
Bahawal Khan III. co-operated with Sir Herbert Edwardes. Bahawal Khan
III. was succeeded by his younger son, Saadat Yar Khan ; but the latter was
subsequently deposed by his elder brother, Haji Khan, who after his victory
assumed the name of Fateh Muhammad Khan. He died in 1858, and was
succeeded by his son, who assumed the name of Bahawal Khan IV. He
had to face some serious rebellions, and died suddenly in 1866, leaving his
son, the present Nawab, a boy of only four years old, in a difficult and
dangerous position. It was resolved, however, by the Paramount Power, that
the young Nawab should be supported ; and during his minority the adminis-
tration was placed in British hands, native officers being appointed, so that
there might be no break in continuity of system on the Nawab's coming of
age. Since then vast improvements have been made in the irrigation system
of the country, which depends upon inundation canals for the greater part of
its cultivation. Existing works have been entirely remodelled, and new
canals constructed in several parts of the territory, the result of which is that
the revenues have nearly doubled. Courts of Justice have been established,
under the general control of a Chief Court, presided over by three native
gentlemen, and are highly popular. A system of Public Instruction, com-
prising primary, middle, and superior education, has been set on foot ; a
central jail has been built, and the prison system greatly improved. Three
new towns have been founded. A stud farm for improving the breed of
horses has been started, and the extensive jungles have been placed under
the scientific supervision of a trained Forest Conservator. The area of the
State is 17,285 square miles; its population is 573,494, chiefly Muhamma-
dans, with 91,272 Hindus. His Highness the Nawab Bahadur maintains a
military force of 443 cavalry, 1352 infantry, and n guns, and is entitled to
a salute of 1 7 guns. He was created a Knight Grand Commander of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, i6th November 1880.
Residences. The Palace, Bahawalpur, Punjab ; Bahawalpur House, Lahore.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
43
BAI (INDORB), THAKUR MANRUP SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family, and succeeded
to the^zft/z in 1880.
Residence. Bai, Indore, Central India.
BAIDYANATH PANDIT, Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Cuttack, Bengal.
BAIKANTHA NATH DB, Kumar, Rdjd Bahadur.
The title was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Balasor, Bengal.
BAIKANTHPUR, RAIKAT PANINDRA DBB, Raikat of.
This is one of those customary titles (of which there are many, especially
in Bengal) which have never been officially recognised by Government, and
which consequently must, for the present, be regarded as only courtesy titles.
The family is said to be descended from a brother of the founder of the
Kuch Behar Raj ; and the title " Raikat," which is of high antiquity, has
been held to indicate that the early Raikats of Baikanthpur were Prime
Ministers and Commanders-in-Chief of the Kamrup kingdom, of which Kuch
Behar was an important part. The present Raikat is stated to be the
twentieth in succession who has inherited the title; and during the last
Bhutan war the family rendered good service to Government.
Residence. Baikanthpur, Jalpaiguri, Bengal.
BAIKUNTA NARAYAN SINGH, Rdjd.
This is one of the titles that appear never to have been formally recog-
nised by Government. The Raja is the Zaminddr of Tundi in Manbhum.
The family claims to be of Surya Vansa Rajput descent, and to have come from
Ajudhya. They have the following system of titles for the various members
of the family of the Zaminddr or proprietor of the Rdj. For the head of
the family, Rdjd ; for his wife, Rani.
ist son
2nd son
3rd son
4th son
5th and younger sons .
Tikait.
ist son's ist son
Kumdr.
2nd son
Thdkur.
3rd son
Nunu.
Babu.
Thdkur.
Kumdr.
Nunu.
For a similar system prevailing in the Nawagarh family, see under
Banwari Lai Singh, Raja.
Residence. Tundi, Mdnbhum, Bengal.
44 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BAISNI (of Khimsipur), Thakurani.
The title of Rao is hereditary in this lady's family.
Residence. Farrukhabad, North- Western Provinces.
BAJANA, MALBK NASIB KHANJI DARIYA KHANJI,
Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 4th May 1820; succeeded to the gadi 23rd April 1841.
Descended from a family of Jat Musalmans ; is usually styled " Malek Shri."
His son is named Jiwan Khan. The area of the State is 183 square miles ;
its population 15,877, partly Hindu, partly Muhammadan. The Malek Shri
maintains a military force of 60 cavalry and 230 infantry.
Residence. Bajdna, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
BAKAR ALI KHAN, SAYYID, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1883.
Residence.
BAKAR MIRZA, Mirza Bahadur.
The Mirza Bahadur is a son of the Nawab Mumtaz-ud-daula, who was a
grandson of His late Majesty Muhammad AH Shah, King of Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
BAKASREI, Diwdn, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2ist June 1872.
Residence. Hyderabad, SincL
BAKHSHI KHOMAN SINGH (of Indore), C.SJ.
Was created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of
India, ist January 1877,. on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
BAKHSHISH SINGH, SINDHANWALIA, Sarddr.
The Sardar succeeded Sardar Shamsher Singh (who had adopted him as
a scion of the same family, with the consent of Government) on the death
of the latter in 1873. The Sindhanwalia family, Jats of the Sansi tribe, is
the acknowledged head of all Sikh families between the Bias and the Indus ;
and is descended from the same stock as the late Maharaja Ranjit Singh of
Lahore. The common ancestor, Budh Singh, had two sons, Chanda Singh
and Jodh Singh ; the latter was the forefather of the late Royal family of
Lahore, while from the former descended Sardar Shamsher Singh and the
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 4$
Sindhanwalia family. On the occasion of the rebellion of Diwan Mul Raj,
Sardar Shamsher Singh remained faithful to the British Government, and in
December 1846 he was appointed a member of the Council of Regency.
On the final annexation of the Punjab }\\sjdgirs were continued to him for
life, and in 1862 he was appointed an Honorary Magistrate, and was per-
mitted to adopt the present Sardar, a large portion of his jdgirs to descend
in perpetuity, and the title to be hereditary.
Residence. Rajd Sansi, Amritsar, Punjab.
BAKHSHISH SINGH, Kunwdr.
The title is personal.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
BAKHTAWAR SINGH, Rat Bahadur.
Is a Court Official of the Mewar State (Udaipur), Rajputana. Received
the title as a personal distinction on 2th May 1892.
Residence. Udaipur, Rajputdna.
BAKHTGARH (Bhopdwar), THAKUR PARTAB SINGH,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur was born in 1863, and succeeded to the gadi in 1869. He
is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of the State is
8258, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bakhtgarh, Bhopdwar, Central India.
BAKHTIYAR SHAH, Prince.
The title is a courtesy one. His father, Prince Anwar Shah, was a
member of the Tippu family of Mysore, and grandson of Tippu Sultan.
Residence. C alcutta.
BAL MUKAND, RAI, Rai Bahadur.
Born 5th November 1834. The title is personal, and was conferred on
1 6th February 1887, the Rai Bahadur having received a Certificate of Honour
at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in 1877. His ancestors (who were
Khattris) came from the Punjab about 300 years ago, and became mer-
chants at Agra. He did good service in the Mutiny of 1857, by saving
some of the records of the Agra Board of Revenue; and in 1866 was
appointed a permanent Deputy Collector.
Residence. Agra, North- Western Provinces.
46 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BAL PARUSHURAM PANDIT, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth March 1870.
Residence. Satara, Bombay.
BALA PARSHAD, PANDIT, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty the
Empress. The Rai Bahadur had done good service in the Rajputana-Malwa
Railway Police, and retired on pension on ist November 1891. He has no
son ; his brothers are Pandit Manik Parshad of Indore, born 1851; and
Pandit Kalika Parshad of the Bombay Police (retired in 1891), born 1857.
Residence. Rajputa"na-Ma"lwd Railway Police.
BALA SHASTRI AGASB, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty the
Empress, in recognition of eminence in oriental scholarship. It entitles him
to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
BALAJI KRISHNA BENDIG-ERI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 29th May 1886.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
BALASINOR, NAWAB MUNAWAR KHANJI, Bdbi of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1844; succeeded his father, Nawab Jorawar Khanji Babi, in
November 1882. This family is Pathan (Muhammadan), claiming descent
from Sher Khanji Babi, son of Bahadur Khanji Babi, a distinguished officer
in the Imperial Service of Delhi. The area of the State is 189 square miles ;
its population 46,328, chiefly Hindus. The Nawab Babi maintains a
military force of 60 cavalry, 177 infantry, and 5 guns, and is entitled to a
salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Balasinor, Rewa" Ka"ntha, Bombay.
BALAVADRA PRASAD DAS, Rdjkumdr Bairiganjon Bhuyan
Mahdpatra.
This is one of the titles that seem never to have been formally recognised
by the Government. The family belongs to the Ganga Varna, the ancient race
of the Gajapati kings of Orissa, from whom the title was derived. The Raj-
kumar has done good service by providing elephants for Government in time
of war. His eldest son, whose name is Umakanta Das Mahapatra, bears the
title of Tikait Bdbu ; the younger sons Bisambhar Das, Nityananda Das,
Sachidananda Das, Achutananda Das are all styled Bdbu.
Residence. Balason, Orissa.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 47
BALBAHADUB SINGH, Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, and was conferred on ist January 1886.
Residence. Raigarh, Central India.
BALBIR SINGH (of Kattahr), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Kdngra, Punjab.
BALDBO SINGH (of Awa), Rdjd.
Born loth July 1850. .The title is hereditary, the tradition being that
it was originally conferred by the Maharana of Udaipur. Belongs to a family
of Jadon Rajputs, descended from Thakur Chatarbhuj, a Zaminddr of Nari
in the Chhata Pargana, who, in the time of Muhammad Shah (1719-48),
settled at Jalesar. His grandson, Bakht Singh, gave military service to the
Maharaja of Bharatpur and the Thakur of Amargarh, and gradually estab-
lished himself as an independent Chief. Finally he obtained a sanad from
the Mahrattas, authorising him to build a fort at Awa ; and his successor,
Hira Singh, built the existing fort. In the Mahratta war Hira Singh was
able to render some service to the British Power; and consequently in 1803
obtained from General Lake a sanad confirming him in possession. He was
succeeded by his son, Pitambar Singh, who is said to have been recognised
as a Raja by Lord Auckland in 1838. Pitambar Singh adopted from the
descendants of the younger brother of Bakht Singh, Raja Prithvi Singh.
The latter did excellent service during the Mutiny ; he raised horse and foot,
attacked the insurgent villages, restored the whole of the neighbourhood to
order, collected the revenue, and remitted it to Agra. " In fact," to quote
the Report of the District Officer, " he held the country till the taking of
Delhi, and the arrival of our own troops enabled us to resume possession."
He died in 1876, leaving one son, Raja Chatarpal Singh, a minor. The
latter died in 1884, and was succeeded by his cousin, the present Raja.
Residence. Awa, Etah, North- Western Provinces.
BALIKRAM, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist April 1881.
Residence. Bulddna, Berar.
BALKISHAN AMAR SINGH, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 25th June 1884.
Residence. Nsik, Bombay.
BALLABH DAS, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on $rd February 1883.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BALSAN, RANA BIR SINGH, Rdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to the gadi i7th November 1884. Belongs to
a Rajput (Hindu) family, his ancestor, Alak Singh, the founder of the family,
having been a scion of the ruling House of Sirmur. The Chiefs of Balsan
were feudatories of Sirmur till 1815, when SLsanadvras granted by the British
Government. Bhup Singh, the grandfather and predecessor of the present
Chief, did good service in the Mutiny of 1857, and was rewarded with the
title of Rana. His son, the Kunwar Govardhan Singh, predeceased him ; so
he was succeeded by his grandson, the present Rana, The area of the State
(which is one of the Simla Hill States) is 51 miles; its population is 5190,
chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a military force of 50 infantry.
Residence. Balsan, Punjab.
BALUCH KHAN, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Baluchistan.
BALWANT RAO (of Karwi), Rao.
Born 1828. The title is hereditary. Is a Mahratta Brahman, the grand-
son by adoption of Venaik Rao, who was the son of Amrit Rao, brother of
the last Peshwa, Baji Rao. His two uncles joined in the rebellion of 1857,
and their estates were confiscated, and themselves deported. But Balwant
Rao proved his loyalty, and is now the head of the family at Karwi. He
has adopted a son, Moreshwar Rao, born i7th August 1872.
Residence. Karwi, North- Western Provinces.
BALWANT RAO BHUSKUTB, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Nimar, Central Provinces.
BALWANT RAO GOPAL JAVDEKAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist January 1883.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
BALWANT SINGH (of Bir Chima), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sarddr being the head of the younger branch
of the Phulkian family of Malaudh (see Badan Singh, Sarddr), descended from
Phul, the common ancestor of the Houses of Patidla, Jind, Nabha, and
Bhadaur. He is the son of the late Sarddr Hakikat Singh of Bir. On the
death of his brother, Ranjit Singh, he succeeded to the Bir estate, having
before held that of Chima only. He is an Honorary Magistrate, and did
excellent service in the troubled times of 1857.
Residence. Ludhiana, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 49
BALWANT SINGH (of Botala), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar being a descendant of Dhanna Singh,
who was an associate of Sardar Jodh Singh, great-grandfather of Maharaja
Ranjit Singh.
Residence. Gujra"nwa"la, Punjab.
BALWANT SINGH (of Rangarh Nangal), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar being descended from a Rajput family
whose ancestor came originally from Bikanir, and founded Rangarh Nangal
in the Gurdaspur district, Punjab. Sardar Karam Singh was the head of the
family in the time of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh ; and when the latter seized
Lahore and Amritsar, Karam Singh gave in his allegiance. His grandson,
Sardar Argan Singh, served in the battle of Sobraon. During the rebellion
of 1848 he joined the rebels, and his estates were confiscated. A consider-
able pension was subsequently granted to him. The late Raja of Nabha was
a second cousin of Sardar Balwant Singh, as Sardar Argan Singh's sister
married Raja Devindra Singh, Chief of Nabha.
Residence. Gurddspur, Punjab.
BALWANT SINGH (of Barehta), Thdkur.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary, the ancestors of the Thakur having
been in the Narsinghpur district from time immemorial, and long known for
their loyalty ; it was originally conferred by one of the ancient Gond Rajas
of Mandla. Belongs to a Raj Gond family; his son is named Barilol
Singh.
Residence. Barehta, Narsinghpur, Central Provinces.
BALWANT SINGH (of Piprasur), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, the Raja being the son of the Raja Anrudh Singh,
and descended from Debi Singh, Raja of Orchha.
Residence. Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
BAMANBOB, The Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
The area of the State is 12 square miles, with a population of 987.
Residence. Bamanbor, Ka"thia"wa"r, Bombay.
BAMBO KHAN, Jam. See Bhambo Khan, Jam.
E '
50 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BAMRA, RAJA SUDHAL DEO, C.I.E., Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1849; succeeded to the gadi on i2th May 1869. I s
descended from a Gangabansi Rajput family, from the same stock as that of
the Gajpati Rajas of Puri in Orissa, which acquired the Bamra territory by
conquest in early times. He was created a Companion of the Most Eminent
Order of the Indian Empire, ist January 1889. The Raja's son, Sachidan-
and, bears the courtesy title of Tikait Babu. The area of the State is 1988
square miles; and its population is 81,286, many Hindus, but with over
50,000 belonging to Abor (aboriginal) tribes.
Residence. Bamra, Central Provinces.
BANGANAPALE, NAWAB SAYYID FATH ALI KHAN
BAHADUR, C.S.I., Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born loth July 1848; succeeded to the gadi in 1868. Is a Shiah
Muhammadan, and a Sayyid (or descendant of the Prophet). He was
created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, ist
January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India. The family held an ancient title, Jagirdar of
Banganapale; the title of Nawab was conferred in 1876. His son is named
Sayyid Gulam AH Khan. The area of the State is 166 square miles; its
population 30,754, chiefly Hindus, the Muhammadans being 5952. The
Chief has a salute of 6 guns.
Residence. Banganapale, Madras.
BANSDA, MAHARAWAL SHRI PRATAPSINGHJI
GULABSINGHJI, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 6th December 1863; succeeded to the gadi on the 6th March
1876. The family is Solanki Rajput (Hindu), and is styled "Vansdia"; it
is descended from a chieftain of ancient times named Muldeoji. The area of
the State is 215 square miles ; its population is 34,908, chiefly Hindus. The
Maharawal maintains a military force of 24 cavalry, in infantry, and i
gun, and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Bansda, Surat, Bombay.
BANSPAT SINGH (of Barah), Rdjd.
Born 1834. The title was conferred as a personal distinction on 3th
November 1858, for eminent services rendered during the Mutiny, the Raja
having loyally supported the police, escorted the revenue-collections during
the disturbances, and proceeded in December 1857 with 1000 followers to
rid Pargana Khairagarh of a formidable band of rebels who had gathered
there. Is descended from the same ancestry as His Highness the Maharaja
of Rewah, and belongs to a Baghel Rajput family.
Residence. Barah, Allahabad, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 51
BANSWARA, HIS HIGHNESS RAI-I-RAYAN MAHARAWAL
SRI LACHMAN SINGH BAHADUR, Mahdrdwal of.
Born 3oth January 1838; succeeded to the gadi in 1842. Is a
descendant (through the Maharawal Udai Singh of Dungarpur, q.v.} of the
Maharanas of Udaipur (" Children of the Sun "), and consequently a Sisodiya
Rajput. Udai Singh, Maharawal of Dungarpur, gave the territory of
Banswara to his younger son Jagmal Singh, with the title of Maharawal.
The area of the State (including that of its feudatory Kusalgarh) is about
1500 square miles ; its population 175,145, chiefly Hindus, but with about
50,000 Bhils (aboriginal). The Maharawal maintains a military force of
640 cavalry, 783 infantry, and 14 guns. His Highness is entitled to a
salute of 1 5 guns. His son is the Maharaj-Kunwar Sambhu Singh Bahadur.
Residence. Bdnswdra, Rajputa"na.
BANTWA (GIDAR), SAMAT KHAN BABI, Khdn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1854; descended from a Pathan (Muhammadan) family.
Residence. Gidar, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
BANTWA (MANAWADAR), KHAN SHRI FATHEH-UD-DIN
KHANJI, Khdn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1835 > succeeded to the gadi 28th March 1888. There are now
four divisions of the Bantwa State ; the united area is 221 square miles, the
united population 38,517, chiefly Hindus. The Chief of Bantwa has the
title of Khan Shri ; his family name is Babi.
Residence. Manawadar, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
BANWARI ANANDA DEB, Mahdrdj Kumar.
The title is personal, and was conferred on the Maharaj Kumar as the
adopted son of the late Maharaja Jagatindra Banwari Govinda Bahadur of
Banwaribad, who rendered good service during the famine of 1866-67. The
Maharaja Jagatindra's father, Nityananda, received from the old Mughal
Government the title of " Azimat-ullah Amir-ul-Mulk Jagatindra Danishnanda
Sipahdar Jang Bahadur."
Residence. Murshidabad, Bengal.
BANWARI LAL SINGH, Rdjd.
This is one of the titles that appear never to have been formally
recognised by Government. The family claims that its ancestor came from
Baghelkhand, and set up the Raj of Palganj in Hazaribagh; and that a
branch of this family obtained the Zaminddri of Nawagarh in Manbhum,
52 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
part of which is held by the present Raja, part by Thakur Giridhari Singh,
and part by the Thakurani, widow of Thakur Bhola Prasad Singh. In Raja
Banwari Lai Singh's branch of the family the following titles are held : by
the head, Rdjd ; by his wife, Rani; by the eldest son, Tikait ; by the
second son, Kumar ; by the third son, Thakur ; by the fourth son, Nunu ;
by the fifth and younger sons, Bdbu.
Residence. Nawa*garh, Manbhum, Bengal.
BANYIN, KUN SAW, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is one of the Shan Chiefs, and rules over a State of about
230 square miles.
Residence. Banyin, Shan States, Burma.
BAONI, His Highness the Nawdb Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Nawab was born in 1863 ; and succeeded to the gadi on the 5th
October 1883. He is descended from a Pathan (Muhammadan) family of
Bundelkhand ; and his full titles are " His Highness Azam-ul-Umara,
Fakhr-ud-daula, Main-ul-Mulk, Saheb-i-Jah, Mihin Sardar, Nawab Muhammad
Hasan Khan Bahadur, Zafar Jang." His ancestor, the Nawab Ghazi-ud-din
Khan, at one time Minister at the Imperial Court of the Mughals, was
grandson of Asaf Jah, Nizam of Hyderabad, and was also connected with the
family of the Nawab Vazir of Oudh. He obtained a grant of fifty-two villages
from the Peshwa in Bundelkhand. His son, the Nawab Vazir-ud-daula
Khan, was recognised as Chief by the British Government. The grandson
of the latter was the Nawab Muhammad Mehdi Hasan Khan, the father of
the present Nawab.
The family banner was displayed at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in
1877, with the motto, "The authority is God's, and the country is God's."
The area of the State is about 117 square miles; its population is 17,055,
chiefly Hindus, but with 2342 Muhammadans. The Nawab Bahadur
maintains a military force of 9 cavalry, 185 infantry, and 2 guns. He is
entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Baoni, Bundelkhand, Central India.
BAPU DBVA SHASTRI, C.I.B., Mahdmahopddhydya.
Born ist November 1821. The title is personal. It was conferred on
1 6th February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of
Her Most Gracious Majesty the Empress, in consideration of emin-
ence as an oriental scholar ; and it entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Rajas. Belongs to a Mahratta Brahman family,
long settled, in a good position as bankers and men learned in Hindi
theology, at Tonka on the Godavari in the Ahmadabad district. Educated
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 53
at Nagpur ; became Professor of Mathematics in the Benares College in
1842. In 1852, received a reward of Rs.2Ooo from Government for a
Hindi treatise on algebra, and in 1869 a khilat of Rs. 1000 and two shawls.
Is a Fellow of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, of the Royal Asiatic Society,
and of the Calcutta and Allahabad Universities. Is the author of many
works on Sanskrit literature and mathematics ; and in 1878 was created a
Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence. Benares, North-Western Provinces.
BAPU RAO PATWARDHAN, PANDIT, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Ndgpur, Central Provinces.
BAPUBHAI DAYASHANKAR, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i;th July 1867.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
54 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BARAMBA, RAJA BISAMBHAR BIRBAR MANGRAJ
MAHAP ATTAR, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1880; succeeded to the gadi i5th July 1881, and is still a minor.
The Raja is descended from a Kshatriya (Hindu) family. The history of
the Baramba State commences from the year 1305 A.D., with Hatakeshwar
Raut, a famous wrestler, who served Kishori Narsingh, the ruler of Orissa,
and in recognition of his valour was presented with two villages (by name
Sonkha and Mohuri) on the north bank of the Mahanadi river, three miles
south of the present Baramba headquarters. These two villages were then
owned and inhabited by Kandhs. Hatakeshwar drove them away to about
four miles north and settled in Baramba, which has since been the residence
of all his successors up to the present time. The two villages, Sonkha and
Mohuri, which were close to one another, have since been amalgamated into
one, and are known by the name of Sonkhameri. It is difficult to ascertain
what was the area of the two villages when they were presented by the
Orissa ruler, but in all probability it never exceeded four square miles. The
founder, however, extended the limit of his possession to about eight square
miles before he died, leaving his younger brother, Malakeshwar Raut, to
succeed him.
The second Chief, Malakeshwar Raut, who reigned eighteen years, ex-
tended the limit of the State to Ogalpore, about three miles west of Sonk-
hameri, and five miles south-west of Baramba. He discovered the temple
of the goddess Votaika or Bruhadamba or Bodama at Ogalpore, and out of
respect for this goddess named the State after her. Jambeshwar Raut, the
fourth Chief, who reigned from 1375 A.D. to 1416, conquered the Kandh
Chief of Kharod, eight miles north-west of Baramba, and annexed his posses-
sion (about twenty square miles), thus raising the area of the State to about
thirty-six square miles. The fifth Chief, Bholeshwar Raut, conquered the
Khandayat or Chief of Amatia, six miles west of Baramba, and extended the
limit of the State to Ratapat, eight miles west of the headquarters, and the
present boundary between the Baramba and Narsinghpur States. It was
during the reign of this Chief, who reigned for forty-three years (from
1416 A.D. to 1459), that the farthest western limit of the State was reached.
His successors increased their possessions to the east of the headquarters,
but made no attempt to extend the State farther on the west. Kanhu Raut,
the sixth Chief, reigned for fifty-five years (from 1459 A.D. to 1514), and
extended the limit of the State to Mohulia, about five miles east of Baramba.
Nabin Raut, the ninth Chief, reigned for twenty-three years (from 1537 A.D.
to 1560). During his reign the State attained its largest limit, from Ratapat
in the west to Bidharpur in the east, eighteen miles, and from the range of
hills separating Hindol from Baramba to the banks of the Mahanadi, about
eight and a half miles, and this is the present limit of the State. In the
reign of the twelfth Chief, Krishna Chandra Mangraj, who ruled from
1635 A ' D - t I ^5j tne Mahrattas invaded the country, but the Chief acknow-
ledged their supremacy, and was required to pay a tribute of 6335 kahans of
cowries per annum. Padmanava Birbar Mangraj Mahapatra, the seventeenth
Chief of the State, was a very weak ruler, who reigned from 1748 A.D. to
1793. During the first part of his reign the Raja of Khandpara invaded the
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 55
State, drove out the Chief, and remained in possession of it for nearly
thirteen months. Raja Padmanava sought for and obtained the assistance
of the Raja of Khurda, and recovered possession of the State. During the
latter part of his reign, in the year 1775, the Raja of Narsinghpur invaded the
State, and took possession of two of its important forts, Kharad and Ratapat.
The Raja was powerless to expel the invaders, so he appealed to the Mah-
rattas, and with their assistance and intercession was able to regain possession
of the forts. It seems that the Mughals never exercised direct supremacy
over the Chiefs of this State. The Mahrattas, however, did so, and
there are letters extant which show that they fixed the annual tribute
of the State from the year 1183 to 1185 Amli, and collected the same
directly from the Chiefs. There are also three other old letters of
interest in the records. In one of these the Mahrattas intimate their
having recovered the Ratapat Gur from the Narsinghpur Raja ; in another
they required the presence of the Baramba Raja to settle a boundary
dispute between Baramba and Narsinghpur ; the third is addressed to the
Raja of Narsinghpur, and contains the decision of the Mahratta Govern
ment regarding the possession of Kharad and Ratapat. The area of the
State (which is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals) is about 134 square
miles; its population 29,772, chiefly Hindus, but with over 3000 belonging
to aboriginal tribes. The Raja maintains a military force of 709 infantry
and 3 guns. The family emblem is a leopard.
Residence. Baramba, Orissa.
56 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BARAUNDHA, RAJA THAKUR PRASAD SINGH, Rdjd
Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born in 1847 > succeeded to the gadi on the i8th August 1886. Is a
Raghubansi Rajput, descended from a family of the highest antiquity in
Central India. Thirty-four generations are said to have ruled at Rusin in
the Banda district ; then four more at Birgarh in the territory still belonging
to the family ; four more at Murfa, partly in Banda and partly in this terri-
tory. Then the Raja Mohan Singh came to Baraundha, and ruled there,
and obtained a sanad from the British Government in 1807. His son ruled
at Paturkuchar, and two more generations. Then the Raja Ragbirdayal,
father of the present Raja, ruled partly at Paturkuchar, partly at Baraundha,
and received the additional title of "Bahadur" on the occasion of the
Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in 1877. The area of the State is 239
square miles; its population is 17,283, chiefly Hindus. The Raja Bahadur
maintains a military force of 15 cavalry, 75 infantry, and 6 guns, and is
entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Baraundha, Bundelkhand, Central India.
BARDIA, Rao of. See Barra.
BARIYA, MAHARAWAL SHRI MANSINGHJI, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 4th October 1855; succeeded to the gadi 5th March 1864.
Descended (like the Chiefs of Chhota Udaipur) from a Chauhan Rajput (Hindu)
family, sprung from Patai Rawal, the last Chauhan Chief of Champanir. The
area of the State is 873 square miles ; its population is 66,822, chiefly Hindus.
The Maharawal maintains a military force of 38 cavalry, 250 infantry, and
3 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Bariya, Rewa" Kdntha, Bombay.
BARJORJI DORABJI PATEL, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Quetta, Baluchistan.
BARJORJI RUSTAMJI, MISTRY, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890,
Residence. B ombay .
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 57
BARODA, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA SAYAJI RAO III.,
G. C.S.I., Maharaja Gaekwdr of.
A Ruling Chief, and one of the Premier Princes of the Empire.
Born 1 7th March 1863 ; succeeded to the gadi on the 2yth May 1875.
The Gaekwar's full titles are His Highness Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia
Maharaja Sayaji Rao Gaekwar Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur,
Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
He is the descendant of the famous Mahratta leader, Damaji Gaekwar, who
obtained from the Shahu Raja of Satara the title of Shamsher Bahadur for
his bravery at the battle of Ballapur, fought against the Imperial forces of
Delhi at the close of the i7th century. Damaji Gaekwar died in 1721, and
was succeeded by his nephew and adopted son Pilaji Gaekwar, who obtained
from the Shahu Raja the additional title of Send Khas Khel (see Introduction,
1 1) on the conclusion of the wars with the Peshwa. Pilaji was assassinated in
1731, and was succeeded by his son Damaji II. ; who, during a period of about
forty years of almost incessant warfare, played a most prominent part in the
history of India, and firmly established the Gaekwari power throughout
Gujarat and the neighbouring districts of Western India. In 1732, the same
year in which his father was murdered by a Mughal emissary, he reconquered
the capital of Gujarat, Baroda, from the Mughal Viceroy ; and that city has
been the capital of the Gaekwars ever since. He commanded a division at
the great and decisive battle of Panipat in 1761. He invaded Kathiawar,
and forced many of its princes to pay him tribute ; he conquered the ancient
city of Anhalwara Patan, and also Ahmadabad, the old capital of Gujarat.
After his death, . his two sons Govind Rao and Fatheh Singh became
Gaekwars in succession ; and the latter was succeeded by Ananda Rao, a
son of Govind Rao Gaekwar. In 1803 a Treaty was concluded with the
British Power, under which a British Resident was appointed to the Court of
Baroda, and provision was made for the maintenance of a strong subsidiary
force. Ananda Rao was succeeded by Sayaji Rao I., whose reign was long
and on the whole prosperous ; and he was followed by three of his sons in
turn, Ganpat Rao Gaekwar, Khande Rao Gaekwar, and Mulhar Rao
Gaekwar. His Highness Khande Rao Gaekwar rendered loyal service to
the Government at the time of the Mutiny. But the rule of his successor
was disgraced by misgovernment ; and it terminated in his deposition under
painful circumstances. After these misfortunes, the Paramount Power exer-
cised the greatest care and diligence in seeking out, from among the
scions of the Gaekwari family and the descendants of Pilaji, a successor
to the gadi, who should be in every way well fitted to discharge the duties
of that exalted station. Their care has been amply rewarded ; for, by the
consent of the whole world, it would be impossible to find a ruler more
devoted to the welfare of his subjects, or one better qualified to do credit
to the Imperial choice, than His Highness the present Maharaja Gaek-
war, who was adopted by Her Highness the Maharani Jamna Bai, the
widowed consort of Khande Rao Gaekwar and installed by the Agent of
the Governor -General, who invested him with a State Dress of Honour on
the 27th May 1875.
The reign of the Maharaja Gaekwar Sayaji III. has been one of amazing
progress and prosperity. For His Highness himself, it has not been without
58 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
the deep shadows of domestic bereavement; for in April 1885 he lost
his first wife, Her Highness the Maharani Chimnabai, niece of the Princess
of Tanjore, whom he had married in 1880, and who had borne him three
children two daughters, who had died during the lifetime of their mother,
and a son and heir named Fatheh Singh Rao, who has happily survived. In
December 1885 His Highness took as his second wife a Princess of the
House of Dewas in Central India, Her Highness Chimnabai, the present
Maharani, who was invested by Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen
Empress with the insignia of the Imperial Order of the Crown of India in
1892. Of this marriage there has been issue two sons, named Jaisingh
Rao and Sivaji Rao respectively, and a Princess named Indira Raja.
The young Gaekwar had for several years the advantage of the co-opera-
tion, as Minister of Baroda, of one of the ablest Indian statesmen of modern
times, the Raja Sir Madhava Rao, K. C.S.I. The colleagues and successors
of Sir Madhava the Khan Bahadur Kazi Shahab-ud-din, C.I.E., the Diwan
Bahadur Laxuman Jagannath, the Khan Bahadur Pestanji Jahangirji, C.I.E.,
the Rao Bahadur Vinayak Janardhan Kirtane, the Khan Bahadur Khurshidji
Rustamji, and the present Prime Minister, His Excellency the Diwan Bahadur
Manibhai Jasbhai have also been statesmen of great ability and devotion.
And many other names might be mentioned of distinguished officers of the
Baroda Government during the present reign. The early years of His
Highness were guided by the judicious care of an extremely able and
sympathetic English gentleman, Mr. F. A. H. Elliot, C.I.E., who still retains
high office in the Baroda State. In 1875 tne Gaekwar, attended by Sir
Madhava Rao and the chief officers of the State, went to Bombay to meet
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales ; and shortly afterwards was
honoured by a visit of His Royal Highness to the capital of Baroda, where
the auspicious event was celebrated by the most magnificent hospitalities.
On the ist of January 1877 His Highness, on the invitation of H.E. the
Viceroy, attended the Imperial Assembly at Delhi to celebrate the Proclama-
tion of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen as Empress of India, and
on that occasion was invested with the title of Farzand-i-Khds-i-Daulat-i-
Inglishia (see Introduction, n) by Lord Lytton as the representative of the
Empress.
In May 1887 His Highness, accompanied by the Maharani, set out on
an extended tour to the continent of Europe. After passing several months
in Italy, Switzerland, and France, His Highness arrived in England in the
following November. On the 5th of December the Maharaja proceeded to
Windsor, and had the honour of being most cordially received by Her Most
Gracious Majesty the Queen Empress. His Highness, having previously
received the honour of Knighthood, was on this occasion invested by the
Queen Empress with the insignia of a Grand Commander of the Most
Exalted Order of the Star of India. A second visit was paid to Europe by
His Highness in 1889, which also greatly restored his health and vigour.
But the hot climate of Gujarat, and excessive mental exertion, made it im-
perative on him in the spring of 1892 to visit Europe once more; and
accordingly His Highness left India a third time on 7th May 1892. With
the Maharani he has again been graciously received by Her Majesty, who
honoured the Maharani by personally conferring on her the insignia of the
Imperial Order of the Crown of India. These visits of His Highness to
England have been fruitful of the most valuable results to the Baroda State,
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 59
and are in themselves evidence of the interest he takes in the social and
material progress of his people. Both in 1887 and again in 1892, he has
been attended by one of his ablest officials, the Rajashri Vasudeo Madhava
Samarth, who now holds the position of Chief Officer with His Highness.
By the direction of His Highness scientific land-revenue survey has been
introduced throughout the State, the existing revenue laws have been revised,
new ones framed, and various restrictions and petty imposts, as well as
transit duties, which entailed much hardship on the ryots, have been gradu-
ally abolished. By these and various other means, the cultivators have been
greatly encouraged to increase their holdings and improve their condition.
The existing local regulations are being codified for securing a speedy and
efficient administration of civil and criminal justice, in which work he has
allowed the people to take part. His Highness has issued certain rules for
the better working of the Police, and has brought up the military forces
to a state of efficiency. But the greatest attention of the Maharaja Gaekwar
has been given to matters of education. He has given a strong impetus to
primary and higher education, as well as to technical training in industrial
arts and handicrafts. There is an Arts College at Baroda, which is affiliated
to the Bombay University, and teaches up to the B.A. and B.Sc. standards.
The vernacular schools have received a large accession to their number, and
are still to be further multiplied by the establishment of thirty new schools
every year. A recent rule to recognise by Government grants-in-aid every
school which 'has not less than sixteen scholars on its roll has called into exist-
ence hundreds of village schools for the instruction of the masses, hitherto
untouched. Schools have also been opened for people of low castes, and
boarding schools for the lowest and hitherto utterly neglected classes.
Classes for teaching native music and scientific agriculture have been
opened, whilst the establishment of a technical school for imparting a know-
ledge of modern industries, and for improving the various handicrafts of the
people, testifies to the anxiety His Highness entertains for the industrial
progress of his State. Nor has the Maharaja Gaekwar forgotten the claims
of female education, for in the various schools in his dominions not only are
girls given a sound mental training, but the physical training and the homely
arts of sewing, embroidery, and cookery are not neglected. Hospitals and
dispensaries have been provided in almost all the principal towns of the State ;
and it has been lately decided to appoint a lady-doctor for administering to
the medical needs of the female population. The magnificent new Palace,
and various handsome buildings for schools, colleges, and hospitals, evince
the keen desire of His Highness for the promotion of public works. Rail-
ways have been extended in the territory of Baroda, and at present the State
owns no less than 178 miles of railway. One of the most important recent
engineering undertakings is the construction of extensive works at Ajwa for
supplying the city of Baroda with pure water at the cost of about thirty lacs
of rupees.
The effects of the good and enlightened government of the present
Gaekwar, and the consequent progress and prosperity of his State and people,
were well summed up in a speech made by the late Viceroy of India, Lord
Dufferin, on the occasion of His Excellency's visit to Baroda in November
1886, from which may be quoted the following words :
"Although your Highness, with characteristic modesty, has passed very
lightly over the many excellent works of a like nature which have been con-
60 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
structed under your auspices, all who are inhabitants of this place know that,
thanks to the intelligent energy which has been exhibited by their ruler, few
cities and few States have ever made greater progress in everything which tends
to improve the social condition of their inhabitants than the State and city over
which your Highness so auspiciously and benevolently rules. The air of
universal prosperity which characterises your capital and district which surrounds it,
the happy and contented appearance of your people, are all marks of conscientious
and intelligent administration, which have met my eye on every side ; the noble
buildings which are rising in all directions under your Highness's auspices, and
amply generous provision which you have made both for the needs and gratifica-
tion of your people, have confirmed me in the opinion which I had already reason
to entertain, that in your Highness India possesses one of the most promising,
high-minded, and wise rulers with which she has been ever blessed. It is diffi-
cult to convey in words the satisfaction which a Viceroy experiences at being able
to arrive at such a conclusion in regard to one of the most influential and import-
ant of Her Majesty's feudatory Princes. In your Highness I feel the Queen
Empress possesses indeed the noble arkan-i-dawlut, a firm and trusted pillar of
State, and that the Indian Government is entitled to regard you as a sympathetic
and worthy coadjutor in its great work of advancing the general happiness and
prosperity of the inhabitants of Hindustan. Believe me, Mahd.rd.jd, there is no
object dearer to my heart than to acquire the confidence and goodwill of the
Princes of India, to make them feel with what kindly feelings I regard them, how
anxious I am in respect to their rights, to maintain their dignity, to add to their
consideration and izzat ; but it becomes ten times easier to do this, and is a
more perfect labour of love, when the conduct of a' native ruler is so worthy of
praise and admiration as your own."
The State is one of the largest, richest, most populous, and most advanced
in India. It contains an area of 8570 square miles. Its population is
about 2,185,005, chiefly Hindus; but there are 174,980 Muhammadans,
46,718 Jains, and 8118 Parsis. The revenue of the State is about
Rs. i, 53,00,000 per annum (at par ,1,530,000). In area the State of
Baroda is considerably larger than either Saxony or Wiirtemberg ; its
population is greater than that of Greece, and not much less than that of
Switzerland. The Maharaja Gaekwar maintains a military force of 3562
cavalry and 4988 infantry, with 38 guns. His Highness is entitled to a
salute of 2 1 guns. The family colour is that red which is called Bhagwd,
the colour of the red earth of the Mahabaleshwar hills.
Residence. Baroda, Western India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 61
BARODA or SHBOPUR (GWALIOR), RAJA BIJAI SINGH,
Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1862 ; succeeded to the gadi 271)1 September 1865. Is a Kshatri
Gaur (Hindu). The area of the State is 150 square miles; its population
9000, chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force of 50 cavalry,
400 infantry, and 5 guns.
Residence. Baroda, Gwalior, Central India.
BARRA or BARDIA, RAO DAUKAL SINGH, Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Rao was born in 1850; and succeeded to the gadi on the 25th
August 1865. Is of a Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of the State
is about 650, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Barra, Western Malwa", Central India.
BARWANI (BHOPAWAR), RANA INDARJIT SINGH, Rdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1840; 'succeeded to the gadi on the i5th August 1880. Is a
Sisodiya Rajput, akin to the ruling House of Udaipur. The area of the
State is 1362 square miles; its population 56,445, chiefly Hindus, with
8605 belonging to aboriginal tribes. The Rana maintains a miltary force of
17 cavalry, 225 infantry, and 9 guns. He is entitled to a salute of 9
guns.
Residence. Barwdni, Central India.
BASANTA SINGH, CHAUDHRI, Rai Bahddur.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893. I s a
landholder in the Bijnor district, North-Western Provinces.
Residence. Bijnor, North-Western Provinces.
BASAWA SINGH (of Laroa), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jdlandhar, Punjab.
BASHAHR, RAJA SHAMSHER, SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839; succeeded to the gadi in 1849. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family claiming descent, through 120 generations, from Sri
Krishna. It is said that Parduman Singh, grandson of Sri Krishna, came to
Bashahr from Benares to marry the daughter of the Raja Bavasa Deo ; and
that he ultimately slew Bavasa Deo, and obtained possession of the Raj.
Between 1803 and 1815 Bashahr was overrun by the Gurkhas; but on
their expulsion in the latter year, the British Government granted a sanad to
the Raja, confirming him in the possession of all his territories, except
62 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Rawani, which was given to Keonthal. The area of the State (which is one
of the Simla Hill States) is 3257 square miles; its population is 64,345,
chiefly Hindus. The Raja has a son named Tika Raghunath Singh. He
maintains a military force of 100 infantry and 2 guns.
Residence. Bashahr, Punjab.
BASHIR AHMAD, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1860. Is the son-in-law of His late Highness Prince Intizam-ul-
Mulk, third Prince of Arcot. Granted the title as a personal distinction in
1887.
Residence. Madras.
BASHIYAM AIYANGAR, V., Rai Bahadur.
Is a B.A. and B.L. of the University of Madras; appointed a Fellow of
the University in 1880; Member of the Legislative Council of Fort St.
George in 1888; granted the title as a personal' distinction in 1887. An
advocate of the Madras Bar.
Residence. Madras.
BASITNAGAR, AMANAT PATIMA, Begum of.
Born 1832. Is the widow of the Nawab Dost Ali Khan of Basitnagar,
who was succeeded on his death in 1864 by the Nawab Husain Ali Khan.
On the death of the latter in 1871 the Begum succeeded to the title and
estates. The family is of Pathan origin, and is descended from Dildar Khan,
third son of the Nawab Diler Khan of Shahabad. The latter was a dis-
tinguished Afghan officer under the Emperor Aurangzeb, who sent him to
Shahabad to punish the Pande Panwar Brahmans, who had plundered a
convoy of Imperial treasure on its way from Khairabad to Delhi. He slew
all the bandits, and was granted their extensive possessions mjdgir, with the
titles of Nawab and Haft Hazdri or commander of seven thousand. He
founded the city of Shahabad, and built the great fort known as the Bari
Deohri ; and his descendants held the grants rent free till Saadat Ali Khan
resumed them. The title of Nawab was recognised by Government as
hereditary in 1864.
Residence. Shdhabad, Hardoi, Oudh.
BASODA (BHOPAL), NAWAB AMAR ALI KHAN, Nawab of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Nawab was born about 1830; and succeeded to the gadi on the
6th February 1864. He is a Pathan (Muhammadan) descended from the
Nawab Dalel Khan, founder of the Kurwai State (q.v.) The area of the
State is about 22 square miles; its population 7772, chiefly Hindus, but
with 1454 Muhammadans. His sons are Mian Haidar Ali Khan and
Yusuf Ali Khan.
Residence. Basoda, Bhopal, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 63
BASTAR, RAJA BHAIRAM DEO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 2ist May 1839 ; succeeded to the gadi 27th August 1853. Belongs
to an ancient Rajput family of high caste ; whose founder, Kakati Partabrudra,
came from Warangal in the Deccan, and settled at Bastar about the beginning
of the 1 4th century. The area of the State is 13,062 square miles; its
population 196,248, of whom over 36,000 belong to Gond, Bhil, and other
aboriginal tribes, the rest being chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Jagdalpur, Bastar, Central Provinces.
BASTI, Rdjd of. See Mahesh Sitla Bakhsh Singh.
BAW, MAUNG HLAING, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is one of the Shan Chiefs, and rules over a State of
about 350 square miles.
Residence. Baw, Shan States, Burma.
*BAWNIN, SAW KIN, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is one of the Shan Chiefs, and rules over a State of 30 square
miles.
Residence. Bawnin, Shan States, Burma.
BAWZAING-, MAUNG KYA YWBT, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is one of the Shan Chiefs, and rules over a State of
20 square miles.
Residence. Bawzaing, Shan States, Burma.
BECHARDAS VEHARIDAS, DESAI, Sarddr, Rao Bahadur.
Born 26th February 1844. Third son of the Rao Bahadur Desai
Veharidas Ajubhai, whose eldest son, Desai Haridas Veharidas, is now Diwdn
(Prime Minister) of the Junagarh State in Kathiawar. Educated at Nadiad
and Ahmadabad. Appointed Member of the Local Board of Taluka Anand,
Zilla Kaira in 1867. Was the chief promoter of the "Agricultural Com-
mittee" appointed at Nadiad in 1878, and of the exhibitions of agricultural
products of the district held at Nadiad since the year 1883. President of
the Municipal Committee, Nadiad, from 1886 to 1889; received the title of
"Rao Bahadur" from Government in 1887; elected a Member of the
Legislative Council, Bombay, in 1888 ; and granted the title of "Sardar" in
the same year. The family claims descent from the Kshatriya family reigning
in the Punjab in the time of Alexander the Great ; subsequently migrating to
Malwa, its leading member is said to have been appointed there Diwan.
64 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Twelve hundred years later part of the family is said to have migrated to
Adalaj, near Ahmadabad, in the time of Siddhraj Jayasingh, and a branch
ultimately settled at Nadiad. The founder of this branch having rendered
good service to the then Mughal Emperor, was invited to the Imperial
presence, and received the title of Desdi with estates and pdlkhi from the
Emperor. Vaghjibhai, the fourth in lineal descent from the founder, rendered
valuable services both to the Peshwa and to the Gaekwar ; and also played
an important part in bringing about a compromise after the battle of Adas
in 1775. For this he received in indm the village of Bilodra, which the
family enjoyed up to 1816. Prabhudas, the grandson of Vaghjibhai, assisted
Colonel Walker in settling the terms of the treaties made by the British
Government with the Mehwasi Thakurs in the Mahi Kantha, and received a
pdlkhi in indm from the British Government in 1806. Desai Prabhudas's
grandson was Desai Veharidas Ajubhai (the first mentioned above), who was a
member of the Vatan Commission, and Honorary Second Class Magistrate.
He was invited by Government to the Imperial Delhi Assemblage in 1877,
where he received the title of " Rao Bahadur."
Residence. Kaira, Bombay.
BED SARAN KUN WAR (of Agori Barhar), Rdm.
Born 1851. The title is hereditary, the Chandel Rajas of Barhar being
descended, it is said, from Pari Mai and Bari Mai of Mahoba in Bundelkhand,
who some hundreds of years ago took service with Raja Madan of the Baland
family of the Kharwar tribe, and after killing him, divided his country and
founded the three principalities of Barhar, Bijaigarh, and Bardi, in Rewah.
About a century later, near the year 1290, the exiled Balands collected a
force, surprised the fort and palace of Agori, and killed every male of the
Chandel race. But one of the queens of the fallen Chandel Raja, who had
fled to the forest, shortly afterwards gave birth to a prince, who was named
Orandeo, from the shield (oran) on which he was cradled. When he grew
up, his merits attracted the notice of the Raja of Kantit ; who gave him his
daughter in marriage, and helped him to recover the Barhar Raj, about the
year 1310. In 1745 Sjambhu Sah was Raja, and he was conquered and
expelled by Raja Balwant Singh ; but in 1781 Warren Hastings, as Governor-
General, ordered the restoration of Adil Sah, the grandson of Raja Sambhu
Sah. The estates continued in the possession of the family till 1852, when
Raja Raghunath Sah died, and they came under the Court of Wards. His
son, Raja Kesho Saran Sah, attained his majority in 1868 ; but died without
issue in 1871, leaving his widow, the present Rani, in possession of the
estates for her life. Her heir is Babu Jagannath Prasad Singh of Jamgaon,
who is descended from Babu Rachpal Singh (brother of Raja Adil Sah,
mentioned above), and is about 35 years of age.
Residence. Rajpur, Mirzapur, North- Western Provinces.
BBHRAMJI DADABHAI, Khan Bahddur.
Born 23rd October 1831. The Khan Bahadur's name is also sometimes
spelt Byramjee Dadabhoy. The title was conferred on 3rd April 1880, as a
personal distinction, in recognition of highly meritorious service in many
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 65
important and responsible public offices. The Khan Bahadur is the eldest
son of the late Khan Saheb Dadabhai Shapurji, an eminent public servant,
who had received a sherpao (or " Dress of Honour ") from the Bombay
Government in 1837, and the title of Khan Saheb in 1847. Educated at
Thanna, and Surat, and Elphinstone College, Bombay. Entered the Govern-
ment Service in 1853; and having distinguished himself in various civil
capacities, was specially selected in 1865 to succeed Colonel Dunsterville as
Deputy Registrar-General and Registrar of Bombay being the first gentle-
man of Indian birth ever appointed to fill that high office. Appointed J.P.
in 1869; in 1872 a Delegate of the Parsi Chief Matrimonial Court in
Bombay; in 1879 acted as Inspector-General of Registration ; in 1878, and
again in 1880, elected a Member of the Municipal Corporation of the City
of Bombay ; and served in many other public orifices " with credit to himself
and advantage to the public," as testified by the Bombay Government when
in 1880 he was recommended for the title of Khan Bahadur. He was
married, 28th February 1848, to Baie Sonabaie, eldest daughter of Khan
Saheb Cowashaw Sorabshaw Taleiyarkhan of Surat and has issue. His
sons are (i) Jehangeer Byramjee Dadabhoy, born 1864, married 1885 to
Khorsetbanu Hormusjee Pestonjee Cama ; and (2) Manikji Behramji
Dadabhai, born 1865, barrister-at-law of the Middle Temple 1887, J.P. for
Bombay 1888, Municipal Councillor for Bombay 1889; married 1884 to
Jerbanu Dadabhai Palanji Bhedwar. His daughters are (i) Awabaie,
born 1851, married 1865 to Ardasir Cursetji Ghandie, who died in 1874;
(2) Dhanbaiji, born 1859, married 1877 to Dhanjibhoy Nasirwanji Ghista ;
(3) Pherozebaie, born 1861, married 1877 to Framji Cursetji Rustamji
Thanawala. His brothers are (i) Cowashaw Dadabhoy, born 1845, married
1865 to Jerbaie Bargorji Hadda ; (2) Cursetjee Dadabhoy, born 1850,
married 1886 to Gulbaie Jamsetjee Seenawala.
Residence. Foras Road, Byculla, Bombay.
BEHRAMJI JEHANGIRJI RAJ KOTWALA, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred 24th May 1889, in recognition
of his public services. The Khan Bahadur's name is also sometimes spelt
Byramjee (or Byramji) Jehanghirji Rajkotwala. Is o a Delegate of the Parsi
Matrimonial Court at Karachi, and Member of the Sindh Sabha ; was
Honorary Special Magistrate at Nasik and Karachi from 1869 to 1890;
acted as Chairman of the Nasik Municipality in 1880 and 1883.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
BBLASAR PARIDA, Sdmant Rai.
This is one of the titles that appear not to have been formally recognised
by Government. It was originally obtained from one of the old Rajas of
Kujung.
Residence. Cuttack, Orissa.
BBLI RAM, Rai Bahddur.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for emi-
nent services in the Lahore Medical College. Is an Assistant Surgeon.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
F
6 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BENARES, HIS HIGHNESS SIR PRABHU NARAYAN SINGH,
K.C.I.E., Maharaja Bahadur of.
Born 26th November 1855; succeeded i3th June 1889; has issue
Kunwar Aditya Narayan Singh, born 6th November 1875. The family are
Brahmans of the Bhuinhar clan ; and their traditions go back to the year
1000, when a Brahman ascetic of Utaria, a village near Benares, foretold the
.succession of his posterity to the dominions then governed by a Hindu Raja.
Some centuries later, in the decay of the Mughal Empire, some of the family
who attempted to assert a turbulent independence were severely chastised by
one of the lieutenants of the Emperor Farrukhsiyar. In the succeeding
reign Mausa Ram, the eldest brother of the branch occupying the ancient
seat of the family in Utaria, rose to great favour with the Governor of
Benares under the Nawab Vazir of Oudh. On the death of Mausa Ram in
1739 his son Balwant Singh sent an offering to Delhi, and received from the
Emperor his confirmation in the government of the Jaunpur, Benares, and
Chunar districts, with the possession in his own right of four Parganas, and
the title of Raja Bahadur, which the family has held as an hereditary title
ever since. In 1763, when the Emperor and the Nawab Vazir of Oudh
marched eastward to expel the British from Bengal, Raja Balwant Singh was
compelled to join them, but his troops took no part in the battle of Baksar,
being stationed on the other side of the Ganges, and when he fled to one of
his hill fortresses he was called back to receive confirmation of his posses-
sions under the British Power. On the death of Balwant Singh in 1770 the
Nawab Vazir of Oudh desired to seize the Benares territory, but the British
Government compelled him to recognise Chait Singh, the son of Balwant
Singh, as Raja under the British suzerainty, and by the treaty of 1775 tne
territory was finally declared British. The differences between Raja Chait
Singh and the Calcutta Government under Warren Hastings are historically
famous, as they became the subject of one of the articles of the impeachment
that was framed against the great Governor-General. The Raja was deprived
of his government, which was given on conditions to his nephew, Raja
Mahip Narayan, son of Balwant Singh's daughter, and he died in exile at
Gwalior under the protection of the Maharaja Sindhia. Raja Mahip Narayan
died in 1795, and was succeeded by his son Udit Narayan Singh; and the
latter in 1835 by n ^ s nephew and adopted son, Raja Ishri Parshad Narayan
Singh Bahadur, who, for his loyal services at the time of the Mutiny, received
in 1859 the title of Maharaja Bahadur as a personal distinction. On the
ist January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India, the Maharaja Bahadur was created a Knight
Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India ; and on
his death in 1889 he was succeeded by his nephew and adopted son, the
present Raja. On the 8th February 1889 the late Maharaja Bahadur had
been granted the privilege, as a personal distinction, of being addressed as
" His Highness," and in September of that year the present Raja was granted
the same privilege, with the title of Maharaja Bahadur, also as personal dis-
tinctions. The Maharaja has been exempted from personal appearance in
the Civil Courts, and has been assured by sanad that, in the case of failure of
natural heirs, the Government will permit and confirm any adoption of a suc-
cessor made by himself or any future Raja that may be in accordance with
Hindu law and the customs of his family. He is entitled to a salute of T 3 guns.
Residences. Rdmnagar, Benares ; Chakya, Mirzapur.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 67
BBNKAT RAO. See Vyankat Rao
BBRI (BUNDBLKHAND), RAO BIJAI SINGH, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 4th February 1848 ; succeeded to the gadi i8th March 1862. Is
a Puar Rajput, descended from Acharjya, who married a daughter of the
Maharaja Jagat Raj, son of the Maharaja Chhatarsal of Jaitpur, and received
the jdgir of Beri. He was succeeded by his son, Khuman Singh, whose
son, Jugal Prasad, received a sanad from the British Government. His
grandson, Bishnath Singh, adopted the present Jagirdar, who is a descendant
from the Maharaja Jagat Raj by a collateral line. The title is hereditary ;
the Jagirdars have sometimes been styled Sawai Rao, from their ancestor
Jagat Raj. The present Rao's son is Kunwar Bahadur Noni Raghuraj
Singh. The State has an area of about 28 square miles, and a population of
about 5000, chiefly Hindus. The Rao maintains a military force of 10
cavalry, 66 infantry, and 2 guns.
Residence. Beri, Bundelkhand, Central India.
BBTTIAH, MAHARAJA SIR HARBNDRA KISHOR SINGH,
K.O.I.B., Maharaja Bahadur of.
Born in March 1854; succeeded his father, the late Maharaja Rajendra
Kishor Singh Bahadur, in 1883, and in 1884 received the title of Maharaja
Bahadur as a personal distinction, with a khilat and sanad from the hands of
the Lieutenant-Go vernor of Bengal. Created a Knight Commander of the
Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on ist March 1889. Belongs to
a Jaitharia Brahman (Hindu) family, descended from Gangeshwar Deo, who
settled at Jaithar in Saran, Bengal, about the year 1244 A.D. One of his
descendants, Agar Sen, having possessed himself by force of arms (during
the later years of the reign of the Emperor Jahangir) of a considerable terri-
tory in Champaran, declared himself a Raja, and ultimately obtained a
confirmation of that title from the Emperor Shah Jahan. In 1659 he was
succeeded by his son, Raja Guj Singh, who built the palace of the family at
Bettiah. He incurred the anger of the Emperor of Delhi by the annexation
of many surrounding districts, and after successfully resisting one party of
Imperial troops sent against him, was captured by a second party, and carried
a prisoner to Delhi. He was subsequently released, and confirmed in his
possession, on his undertaking to send an annual offering of jungle and other
produce to Delhi. He died in 1694 A.D., leaving six sons, of whom three
died without issue. The eldest, Raja Dalip Singh, succeeded his father at
Bettiah, the second was the ancestor of Raja Sheoraj Nandan Singh of
Seohar in Muzaffarpur (q.v.\ and the third was the ancestor of the Zamindars
of Madhubani in Darbhanga. Dalip Singh's son and successor, Raja Dhrup
Singh, received a. firman from the Emperor Farrukhsiyar. In 1760 he was
summoned to help the Emperor Shah Alam in his expedition to Bengal ; and
subsequently, to escape the exactions of the Nawab Mir Kasim of Patna, he
poisoned himself, and was succeeded by his daughter's son, Raja Jugalkishor
Singh. The latter, after many vicissitudes of fortune, seems to have been
68 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
recognised by the British Government ; and his grandson, Raja Anandakishor,
received the title of Maharaja Bahadur, with a khilat, as a personal distinction
from Lord William Bentinck for good services rendered during the Nepalese
war. He was followed by his brother and his nephew successively ; and the
latter, the Maharaja Rajendrakishor Singh, who succeeded in 1855, rendered
good service in the time of the Mutiny, and also during the great famine. He
was succeeded in 1883 by his only son, the present head of the family, who
was appointed a Member of the Legislative Council of Bengal in January
1891. The Maharaja was created a Knight Commander of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 28th June 1888.
Residence. Bettiah, Champdran, Bengal.
BEYPORB, Valiya Rdjd of. See Rama Varma Raja, Rdjd.
BEZANJI SOHRABJI, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th August 1881.
Residence. B ombay.
BHABAR, The Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
The area of the State is 80 square miles; its population is 7222.
Residence. Bhabar, Pdlanpur, Bombay.
BHADARVA, RANA PATEH SINGH SARDAR SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1850 ; succeeded to \hzgadi 26th January 1888. The area
of the State is 27 square miles; its population 9185.
Residence. Bhadarva, Rewa" Ka"ntha, Bombay.
BHADAUR. See Atar Singh, Sardar, Sir, K.C.I.E.
BHADAURA (GUN A), RAJA MADHO SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Raja is descended from a Sisodhiya Rajput (Hindu) family; was born
in the year 1876, and succeeded to the gadi on the loth May 1883. The
State has a population of about 4000, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bhadaura, Guna, Central India.
BHADAWAR, Mahdrdid of. See Mahendra Mahendra Singh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 69
BHADVA, JARBJA BHAV SINGH JI, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1826 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1843. The area of the State
is 7 square miles; its population 1231, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bhadva, Ka'thia'war, Bombay.
BHAG RAM, PANDIT (of Jalandhar), Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on nth August 1885.
Residence. Kashmir.
BHAG SINGH (of Sikandra), Sarddr.
Descended from Dargaha Singh, who acquired a considerable territory by
conquest in 1759 A.D. His possessions were subsequently reduced by other
Sikh Sardars. He had four sons, of whom the third, Sardar Agar Singh,
was the father of Sardar Bhag Singh. The Sardar has a son, named Jowahir
Singh. The title is hereditary.
Residence. Ambala, Punjab.
BHAGAT SINGH, Sarddr Bahadur.
Born 1846. The title is personal; and was conferred on i9th April
1886, in recognition of eminent services in the Department of Public Works,
Rajputana. Claims descent from an ancient Kshatriya family of Sikh
Sardars, of the " Party of Raja Sahibsingh," settled in the district of Gujrat,
Punjab. The Sardar Bahadur has four sons living Sardar Krishna Singh
Kapur (barrister-at-law of the Middle Temple, 1887), Lahore ; Sardar Vishnu
Singh Kapur (of the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, and of the
Middle Temple) ; Govind Singh ; Hari Singh.
Residence. Kapur Mahil, Gujrat, Punjab.
BHAGAT SINGH (of Kapurthala), Sarddr, CJ.E.
The Sardar was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, ist January 1890.
Residence. Kapurth ala.
BHAGWAN BAKHSH (of Pokhra Ansari), Rdjd.
Born ist September 1872. The title is hereditary, and was recognised
as such, 4th December 1877, when the Raja succeeded his father, Raja
Umrao Singh, as a minor. The family is a younger branch of the Amethia
Chattris (see Rameshwar Bakhsh Singh, Raja of Amethi), descended from
Prithvi Chand, Raja of Kalinjar. His descendant, Jamdhor Singh, had
three sons, of whom the third was Ram Singh, who, on the division of the
estates, took Pokhra Ansari, with the title of Rao. It is said that his great-
grandson, Rao Kalian Singh, saluted a celebrated fakir with the respectful
70 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
address of Bandagi Mian, and the grateful saint responded with a blessing on
the " Raja," whence the title was ever afterwards borne by this branch, who
are known as the "Bandagi Mian Amethias." A descendant, Rao Amar
Singh, endeavoured to assert his independence in the time of Shuja-ud-daula,
after the latter had been defeated by the English ; but he was subsequently
defeated and slain by the Nawab's forces. His son, Madho Singh,
ultimately regained most of his possessions. After his death, the property
saw many changes, and at last fell into the hands of Raja Sahajram
Bakhsh. He was followed by Raja Umrao Singh, the father of the present
Raja.
Residence. Rowni, Haidargarh, Bara Banki, Oudh.
BHAGWAN DAS, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2Qth May 1886.
Residence. Rangoon, Burma.
BHAGWAN SINGH, Sarddr Bahadur.
Born 1834. Belongs to a Jat family, whose founder, Sardar Ram Singh,
acquired the territory of Buner and other districts in 1751 A.D. The family
appear to have done good service during the Gurkha Campaign, the first
Sikh war, and lastly during the Mutiny in 1857. For the latter service
they received as a reward the remission of a year's commutation tax, and
one-sixteenth of the whole has been excused in perpetuity. The Sardar
Bhagwan Singh, whose title of Sardar is hereditary, is an Honorary
Magistrate in the Ambala district; and on ist January 1890 received the
title of Sardar Bahadur as a personal distinction. His son is named
Brijandar Singh.
Residence. Sohana Bedwan, Ambala, Punjab.
BHAGWANT D AYAL, THAKURAI, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd
January 1893. The present Thakurai, who has done good service on
several occasions, received the thanks of Government for his measures
of famine relief. He claims descent from Raja Dushasan Singh of
Dadand, of a very old Rajput family in Rajputana. One of his ancestors
took service under Raja Mansingh, Raja of Palamau, whose throne after-
wards he contrived to seize. Thakurai Ramban Singh, an ancestor of the
present Thakurai, rendered good service when the English first took Palamau ;
and Thakurai Chhatardhari Singh, great-grandfather of the present Thakurai,
obtained from Government many rewards, including a jdgir, the title of Rai
Bahadur, a khilat and sarpech, etc., for his services at the time of the Kol
rebellion. The father also of the present Thakurai did good service at the
time of the famine in 1873, and received a sanad at the Imperial Assemblage
at Delhi in 1877.
Residence. Chainpur, Pa"la~mau, Lohdrdaga, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 71
BHAGWAT MAHANTI, Rat Bahadur.
Born 3rd March 1821 ; son of Jugal Mahanti, belonging to a family of
Karan or Utkal Kayasthas. Entered the service of the Government of
Bengal in the year 1839, an d served for more than fifty years in a large
number of offices with ability and fidelity, retiring on pension in 1891. In
1870 he received a gold watch and chain from the Bengal Government, in
recognition of " his long and valuable services," as well as in consideration of
"his successful exertions during the famine of 1866 " ; and in 1886 the title
of Rai Bahadur was conferred upon him as a personal distinction. The Rai
Bahadur has seven sons Ramkrishna Mahanti, Jaikrishna Mahanti,
Bhuvaneshwar Mahanti, Nandakishor Mahanti, Govindacharan Mahanti,
Paramanand Mahanti, and Sadanand Mahanti.
Residence. Pompalo, Kothdesh, Puri, Orissa.
BHAIRON SINGH (of Maslai), Rao.
Born 22nd March 1855. The title is hereditary; and is said to have
been originally received from Gori Shah, Badshah. In 1820 the then Rao
received a sanad from Sir John Malcolm. The Rao has a son, named
Omar Singh.
Residence. Nimdr, Central Provinces.
BHAISAKHO, Bhumia of. See Ghari.
BHAISAUNDA (Bundelkhand), CHAUBE CHHATARSAL
PRASAD, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Jagirdar is of a Chaube Brahman (Hindu) family, descended from
Ram Krishna Chaube, Killadar of Kalinjar (see Paldeo), and was born about
the year 1878. He succeeded to the gadi on the i6th January 1886. The
area of the State is 12 square miles ; its population over 4000, chiefly
Hindus. The Jagirdar's great-grandfather, Newal Kisor, was third son of
Ram Krishna Chaube, referred to above ; and received a sanad from the
British Government. The Jagirdar maintains a force of 52 soldiers.
Residence. Bhaisaunda, Bundelkhand, Central India.
BHAISOLA or DOTRIA (BHOPAWAR), THAKUR BHIM
SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family ; and was born
about the year 1821. Succeeded to the gadi in the year 1842. The
population of the State is nearly 3000.
Residence. Bhaisola, Bhopdwar, Central India.
72 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BHAJJI, RANA DURGA SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1842; succeeded to the gadi on the i8th November 1875.
Belongs to a Rajput family, whose founder in early times came from Kangra,
and acquired the State (which is one of the Simla Hill States) by
conquest. It was overrun by the Gurkhas between 1803 and 1815; and
after their expulsion was confirmed in the possession of the Rana by a sanad
from the British Government, dated 4th September 1815. Its area is 94
square miles; population 12,106, chiefly Hindus. The Chief maintains a
military force of 60 infantry and i gun.
Residence. Bhajji, Punjab.
BHALUSNA, THAKUR MULSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1852 ; is descended from a Koli (Hindu) family.
Residence. Bhalusna, Mahi Kantha, Bombay.
BHAMBO KHAN, Jam.
Born 1835. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred on
the Jam's ancestor, Saispal, when converted to Muhammadanism by Sayyid
Jalal-ud-din. The Jam has two sons Khan Muhammad Alam Khan and
Gulam Ali Khan ; they bear the titles of Mian and Khan respectively. The
Jam is a considerable Jagirdar in the district of Shikarpur.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
BHAN PARTAB (of Imjhira), Rdjd Bahadur.
The title is hereditary; and was conferred on i8th July 1858 on Raja
Surat Singh Bahadur (cousin of the present Raja), who was conspicuous for
his loyalty, and for the brave resistance he and his followers offered to the
rebels, in the Mutiny of 1857. Belongs to a Lodhi family, whose ancestors
had in early times the title of Thakur, and have been settled in the
Narsinghpur district from time immemorial. In 1835 the title of Rao was
conferred on Surat Singh (afterwards Raja Bahadur) by the Raja of Delehri.
When Raja Surat Singh died in 1870, the succession of his uncle, Raja
Manbodh Singh Bahadur, was recognised by the Government. He was
appointed an Honorary Magistrate ; and on his death was succeeded by his
only son, the present Raja Bahadur.
Residence. Narsinghpur, Central Provinces.
BHAO MUNSARAM, Rao Bahadur.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for eminent
services in municipal work. Is a Commissioner of the Poona Municipality.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 73
BHAO SINGH (of Piparia), Thdkur.
Bom 1858. The title is hereditary. The Thakur succeeded his father,
Thakur Bhagwan Singh.
Residence. Piparia, Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
BHABADPURA (BHOPAWAR), BHUMIA UDAI SINGH,
Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Chief is a Bhilala, born about 1848 ; succeeded to the gadi'vn. 1858.
The population of the State is 1724, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bharadpura, Bhopawar, Central India.
BHARAT SINGH, Manki.
This is one of the titles that appear never to have been formally recog-
nised by the Government. The Manki has a son named Jagannath Singh,
who bears the title of Babu.
Residence. M a" nbhum, B engal.
BHARTPUR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA BIRJINDAR
SAWAI SIR JASWANT SINGH BAHADUR, BAHADUR
JANG, G.C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1851 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1853 : invested with full
powers 4th March 1871. Is of a Jat (Hindu) family, descended from Bal-
chand, who founded the Bhartpur State about the beginning of the i8th
century. The fifteenth in descent from Balchand was the Maharaja Brig
Singh, and seven generations further comes His Highness the present Maha-
raja. The banner of this Chief is coloured red ; its motto is, Sri Lachmanji
Sahai. His son is the Kunwarji Ram Singh Bahadur. The area of the
State is about 1974 square miles; its population 645,540, chiefly Hindus,
but with 105,666 Muhammadans and 4499 Jains. His Highness maintains
a military force of 1647 cavalry, 8207 infantry, and 54 guns. He is entitled
to a salute of 15 guns, and 2 guns more as a personal distinction.
Residence. Bhartpur, Rajputana.
BHASKARA, Rdjd. See Ramnad.
BHATKHBRI, RAWAT SHBO SINGH, Rdwat of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Rawat is a Chandrawat Rajput (Hindu), born about the year 1842 ;
succeeded to the gadi in 1861. The population of the State is 2234, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Bhatkheri, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
74
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BHAUNAGAR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA SIR TAKHT-
SINGHJI JASWATSINGHJI, G.C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A. Ruling Chief.
Born 6th January 1858 ; succeeded to the gadi on the death of his father,
Jaswatsinghji, K.C.S.I., in April 1870. Educated first at Bhaunagar, he was
one of the first Princes who joined
the Keatinge Rajkumar College at
Rajkot, where he studied for three
years, and was distinguished for his
diligence and docile and amiable
disposition a favourite with both
schoolfellows and masters. On
leaving the Rajkumar College in
1874 his studies were continued
under a specially selected tutor,
Captain (now Colonel) H. L. Nutt,
of the Bombay Staff Corps. During
his minority the State was jointly
administered by an European officer
of Government associated with a
native Minister of State ; but in
March 1877 His Highness took the place of the native Minister, and
so continued until within nine months of attaining his majority, when
(5th April 1878) he was placed in sole charge. On the 24th May 1881
Her Majesty the Empress of India conferred the honour of a Knight
Commander of the Star of India on His Highness, in which exalted Order
he was advanced to Grand Commander on the ist January 1886; and His
Excellency the Viceroy five years later conferred as a personal distinction
the high title of Maharaja. His Highness has married six wives, five of
whom are alive their Highnesses Rani Shri Nahniba, Rani Shri Hariba,
and Rani Shri Bajirajba, married 1874; Rani Shri Bairajba, married 1879;
and Rani Shri Keserba, married 1888, and has issue. His sons are
Kuma"r Shri Bhausinghji, born 26th April 1875.
Kuma"r Shri Mangalsinghji, born 3rd June 1881.
His Highness's daughters are
Kumdri Shri Ra'mbcl.
Kumari Shri Kesa'ba'.
Kumdri Shri Rupaliba*.
Any account of the predecessors of His Highness would cover the history
of the illustrious tribe or clan of the Gohel Rajputs of Ka'thia'wa'r, of whom he is
the Chief, and after whom the eastern part of the province of Ka'thia'wa'r is called
Gohelwad. The Gohels claim to be descended from the celebrated Pa"ndavs,
who belonged to the lunar or Chandravansi race, and so trace their line from the
celebrated Shalivahan, the founder of the Shaka era, while Colonel Tod and
others assert that the Gohels belong to the Solar race. The old family title of
"Ra"wal" was earned (as appears at page 258 of Tod's Western India) at the
memorable battle of Chitor, fought with Ald-ud-din Khilji in 1303 A.D. There
are evidences going as far back as 812 A.D. which show that the Gohels ruled in
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 75
Saurashtra (Kdthia'wdr) from a very remote period. On the fall of the Delhi
Empire, when the Mahratta power gradually rose into importance, the capital of
the State was at Sihor, with Bhausingji as ruler, at which time (1722-23 A.D.) an
encounter with the Mahratta army took place near Sihor, and resulted in the
defeat of the Mahrattas. The struggle showed the weakness of the position of
the capital, and Bhausingji chose the present site and founded the city of Bhau-
nagar, which he considered more secure. He died in 1764 A.D., and was suc-
ceeded by his son Akherajji. Akherajji assisted the Mahrattas against the
Mughal Viceroy Mominkhan, and in 1771 assisted the British Government in re-
ducing the pirate stronghold of Talaji. It was this ruler, too, who, at the request
of the Resident at Baroda, gave shelter to Raghundth Rao Peshwa", then a
refugee, sending him to Bombay in one of his own vessels. Akherajji died in
1772, and was succeeded by his son Wakhatsinghji. Wakhatsinghji largely ex-
tended his dominions, was a wise ruler and intrepid soldier, and during his life-
time cultivated the friendship of the British then trading in Surat. He died in
1 8 1 6, and was succeeded by his son Wajesinghji, who after a prosperous reign,
extending over a period of thirty-six years, died in 1852, and was succeeded by
his grandson Akherajji III., his son Bhausingji having died during his lifetime.
Akherajji III. died in 1854, and having no male issue was succeeded by his
brother Jaswatsinghji, who died in 1870, and was succeeded by his son
Takhtsinghji, the present ruler. The latter has effected great and rapid improve-
ments in his dominions. Liberal in his charities, generous in his grants for the
public good, he has constructed over 120 miles of railway at an expense of over
eighty lacs of rupees, intersected his State with roads, studded the country with
important public works, beautified his capital with permanent buildings of a most
ornamental character, instituted a State Council, and revised the State laws, civil
and criminal. At his capital he has from time to time received special visits
from their Excellencies the Governors of Bombay ; and in 1 890 was honoured by
a visit of His Royal Highness the late Duke of Clarence and Avondale, who,
journeying to a new port founded by His Highness in the South Coast, and now
known as Port Albert Victor, there laid the foundation-stone of the new harbour
works. His loyalty to the British Crown is second to none in India, and he has
recently, at a cost of over five lacs of rupees, formed for Imperial service a regi-
ment of Lancers 350 strong of men chiefly of his own clan, of which corps he
is Honorary Colonel.
The area of his State is 2860 square miles ; the population 464,671, and
the annual gross revenue Rs.4 1,00,000.
Arms. Gules, an eagle or displayed ; in chief on a canton of the second, a
lion statant of the first. Crest. An Eastern galley argent profile in full sail.
Supporters. Two bulls argent rampant, service with bezant. Motto.
JS^TEI sji^f i^sgnC wm (" Man proposes but God disposes ") on a label azure.
Residence. The Motibagh Palace, Bhaunagar. Club. The Indian North-
brook, 3 Whitehall Gardens, London.
76 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BHAWAL, RAM SINGH, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1864, succeeded to the gadi 25th September 1889. The
Seim is a Khasi, and his State is situated in the Khasi and Jaintia Hills. Its
population is about 555, chiefly Khasis and Christians.
Residence. Bhawal, Khasi and Jaintia Hills, Assam.
BHAWANI GHULAM PAL (of Mahuli), Rdjd.
Born 1844. The title is hereditary, the Raja being a Surajbans Rajput,
descended from the family of Alakdeo and Tilakdeo, who killed Kaulbil the
Rajbhar about the year 1580, and seized his domains situated in the Pargana
of Mahuli, Basti district. Subsequently the family obtained the title of Pal
from the Emperor of Delhi. The Raja has a son named Lai Narendra
Bahadur Pal.
Residence. Mahson, Basti, North-Western Provinces.
BHAWANI PRIYA BARNANI (of Gauripur), Rani.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Godlpdra, Assam.
BHIKAM NARAYAN SINGH (of Deo), Rdjd Bahadur.
See Deo.
BHIKAN KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1 22 1, Fasli era. The title is personal, and was conferred on ist
January 1877, for eminent services during the famine of 1873-74. Has a
son, named Golam Dastgir Khan.
Residence. Muzaffarpur, Bengal.
BHIKHAJI AMUT CHAUBB, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888 for eminent
services in the Medical Department
Residence. Baroda, Bombay.
BHIMACHARYA BIN RAMBHAT LALKIKAR,
Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888, for
eminent scholarship and oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in
Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. B ombay .
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 77
BHINGA, Rdjd of. See Udai Partab Singh.
BHOJAKHERI, RAO BHAWANI SINGH, Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Rao is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family, and was born
about the year 1858 \ succeeded to the gadi on the 9th December 1879.
The population of his State is about 250, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bhojakheri, Western MaTwa", Central India.
BHOLA RAM, Rai Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence.
BHOLANATH BISWAS, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BHOPAL, HER HIGHNESS NAWAB SHAH JAHAN
BEGUM, G.C.S.L, O.I., Begum of.
A Ruling Princess.
Her Highness the Nawab Shah Jahan Begum is the seventh in lineal
descent from the famous Dost Muhammad Khan, founder of the Bhopal
dynasty; was born 3rd July 1838, and
succeeded to the gadi on the 1 6th November
1868. Dost Muhammad was an Afghan
officer in the service of Aurangzeb, who took
advantage of the weakness of the Mughals
after the death of that Emperor to establish
his independent authority in Bhopal and the
neighbouring districts. The State of Bhopal
has usually been on the friendliest terms
with the British authorities. In 1778, on
the occasion of General Goddard's march
across India; in 1809, at the time of General
Close's expedition ; and again in 1817, at the
commencement of the Pindari war, Bhopal
did good service to the British Power. An
interesting feature in Bhopal history has been
the fact that the Princesses of the ruling family have verp frequently
taken the most prominent part in the administration of the State.
Kudsia Begum was succeeded in 1837 by her son-in-law, the Nawab
Jahangir Muhammad; and the latter, on his death in 1844, was succeeded
by his widow, Her late Highness Sikandar Begum, mother of the ruling
Princess, who was succeeded by the latter in 1868. The first husband
of Her Highness the Nawab Shah Jahan Begum died in 1867, leaving one
daughter, the Nawab Sultan Jahan Begum ; the latter has been acknowledged
as Her Highness's heir-apparent. Her Highness was created in 1872, in
recognition of her high administrative qualities, a Grand Commander of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India; and has subsequently been
appointed by Her Most Gracious Majesty the Empress to the Order of the
Crown of India. In 1871 she contracted a second marriage with the
Maulavi Muhammad Sadik Husain, Nawab Consort, a descendant of a noble
family of Bokhara. The heir-apparent, the Nawab Sultan Jahan Begum, was
married in 1874 to Ahmad Ali Khan, a member of the Afghan clan, the
Mirazai Khel, from which the Bhopal family is descended.
The area of the State is 6872 square miles ; its population is nearly a
million, chiefly Hindus, but including over 80,000 Muhammadans, 6000
Jains, and about 120,000 belonging to aboriginal tribes. Her Highness the
Nawab Begum maintains a military force of 803 cavalry, 2030 infantry, and
69 guns; and is entitled to a salute of 19 guns, with 2 guns more within
the limits of the Bhopal territory.
Arms. Vert, a tower or within twelve musk blossoms proper in bordure.
Crest. A sheaf of arrows charged with a lily argent. Supporters. Mahsir
(fish), proper. Motto. Nasr Minullah.
Residence. Bhopal, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 79
BHOPAL SINGH (of Urni Piparia), Thakur.
Born 1827. The title is hereditary, having been originally derived from
the Gond Rajas of Mandla. Is descended from a Rajput family of the
Kshatriya tribe, clan Chandra -Bansi-Tomar (or Tomar of the Lunar race).
This family claims to be descended from Raja Anang Pal, who reigned at
Delhi in 1193 A.D. After the subversion of the Tomar dynasty, the family
is said to have migrated to the Gwalior and Jhansi territories, where some of
its branches remain. Two brothers of this family, Bisram Singh and Narwar
Singh, were called in by the Gond Raja of Mandla, and provided with military
appointments. They captured the fort of Ajaigarh and subdued the country
round Mandla and Kurai ; and were rewarded with the tdluka Sainkhera.
In 1842 the Thakur Bhopal Singh, with his father and brother, captured a
rebel, and were rewarded by Government with the village of Pat Ras.
Rendered good service in the time of the Mutiny, and was rewarded with
a money grant and a parwdna. In 1867 the Thakur was made an Honorary
Magistrate.
Residence. Piparia, Narsinghpur, Central Provinces.
BHOR, SANKAR RAO CHIMNAJI, Pant Sachiv of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1854. Succeeded to the gadi i2th February 1871. Is a Brahman
(Hindu) ; the Pant Sachiv was one of the eight hereditary Ministers of the
old Mahratta* Empire. The present Pant Sachiv is the natural heir of
Chimnaji Pandit, the late Pant Sachiv ; who was adopted by Raghunathrao
on payment of nazars to the Raja of Satara and to the British Government.
The area of the State is 1491 square miles, and its population 145,876,
chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bhor, Poona, Bombay.
BHOTE KHAN LALKHAN, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. KMmgaon, Berar.
BHUBAN MOHAN, Kumar.
The title is personal, and was conferred i8th July 1861. The Kumar is
the son and successor of the late Raja Haris Chandra, who was the Chief of
the Chakma clan in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, and who rendered good
service in the Lushai Expedition of 1871-72, by supplying coolies, boats, etc.
Residence. Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bengal.
BHUGANGA BHUSAN RAI, Rdjd Rai.
This is one of the titles that appear never to have been formally recog-
nised by Government. It was conferred by the Emperor of Delhi for
approved service, the earliest Rajas being Raja Pratapaditya Rai and Raid
Basanta Kumar Rai.
Residence. Khulna, Bengal.
8o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BHUP INDRA BAHADUR SINGH (of Kantit), Rdjd.
See Kantit.
BHUP INDRA BIKRAMA SINGH (of Piyagpur), Rdjd.
See Piyagpur.
BHUP SINGH, Rao.
Born 1851. The title is hereditary. Is descended from Dalip Singh,
Bais Thakur; who, 300 years ago, came at the head of his tribe, and
took possession of the Pargana of Kot Salbahan. Dalip Singh had two
sons, Rao Singh and Karam Singh ; and the descendants of Rao Singh, one
of whom was Baldeo Singh, father of Bhup Singh, have always borne the
title of Rao. Rao Baldeo Singh did excellent service in the time of the
Mutiny, and received a commendatory parwdna in reward. He also
received a Certificate of Honour at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi in
1877; and was appointed an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Bhanpur, Budaon, North- Western Provinces.
BHUP SINGH, BAGGA (of Dabanwala), Sarddr.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary. Belongs to the Bagga (Jat) family,
formerly of great wealth and power in the Gurdaspur district, Descended
from Sardar Amar Singh, who overran the greater part of the district. His
son and successor, Sardar Bhag Singh, survived his father only three years ;
and on his death his cousin Budh Singh took possession of the estates, to
the exclusion of Bhag Singh's son, Hari Singh. But Budh Singh was
deprived of his possessions by the Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Subsequently
the Lahore Darbar assigned a jdgir to Hari Singh, who was the father of the
present Sardar.
Residence. Gurddspur, Punjab.
BHUPBNDRA NARAYAN RAI (of Madhavapassa), Rdjd.
This is one of the titles that appear not to have been formally recognised
by Government. The family at one time possessed three farmdns of the
time of the Emperor Muhammad Shah, bearing the seal of the Nawab
Murshid Kuli Khan, confirming Udai Narayan Rai in the Zaminddri of
Chandradip, Bakarganj.
Residence. Madhavapassa, Bdkarganj, Bengal.
BHUPBNDRADEB RAI, Rdjd Rai and Mahdsai.
This is a title that appears not to have been formally recognised by
Government. The family claims to have received it from the Emperor
Aurangzeb in the year 1090 Hijrah ; and states that the original sanad was
in their possession up to the time of the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi,
in 1877.
Residence. Bansberia", Hooghly, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 81
BHUTAN, HIS HIGHNESS SANGAY DORJI, Deb Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
His Highness the Deb Raja is a Buddhist by religion, and a Thibetan
by race. He succeeded to the gadi on the 23rd August 1885. The area of
the State is about 20,000 square miles; its population is estimated at
200,000, chiefly Buddhists.
Residence. Bhutan.
BHUTNATH DE, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Raipur, Central Provinces.
BHUVAN MOHAN VIDYARATNA, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty the
Empress. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular
Rajas, and was given for eminent oriental learning, especially in Sanskrit.
Is a professor in the Nadiya tols, the ancient Sanskrit University of
Bengal.
Residence. Nadiy, Bengal.
BHYSONDA. See Bhaisaunda.
BICHHROD I., THAKUR RATAN SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family ; was born
about the year 1860, and succeeded to the gadi on iyth April 1874. The
population of his State is about 366, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bichhrod, Western Malwa, Central India.
BICHHROD II., THAKUR MADHO SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family ; was born about
the year 1847, an d succeeded to the gadi in 1878.
Residence. Bichhrod, Western Malwa", Central India.
BIHARI LAL KHAZANCHI, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Jh.^ Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
it
82 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BIHAT, RAO MAHUM SINGH, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Rao is descended from an ancient Bundela Rajput (Hindu) family, a
collateral branch of that which rules at Orchha. He was born on i6th
November 1858, and succeeded to the gadi on the 9th April 1872. Arjun
Pal, who ruled at Mahoni, was the common ancestor of the Orchha and Bihat
families his third son, Dya Pal, settling at Etaura, and subsequent genera-
tions occupying Gurha in Bihat State, and finally Bihat itself. Aperbal Singh,
Chief of Bihat, obtained a sanad from the British Government in 1807.
The area of the State is about 13 square miles; its population 4704, chiefly
Hindus. The Rao maintains a military force of 5 cavalry, 75 infantry, and
i gun.
Residence. Bihat, Bundelkhand, Central India.
BIHORA, THAKUR SARDARBAWA, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1854. Area of State is rather under i square mile; its popula-
tion is chiefly Bhil (aboriginal). The Thakur belongs to a Rajput (Muham-
madan) family.
Residence. Bihora, Rewd Kdntha, Bombay.
BIJA, THAKUR UDB CHAND, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1829. Succeeded to the gadi 1841. Belongs to a Rajput family
(Hindu), whose founder, Garab Chand, came from Ujjain in early times and
conquered this territory. It was overrun by the Gurkhas between 1803 and
1815 ; but when they were expelled by the British in the latter year, the
Thakur was confirmed in possession by a sanad, on conditions of feudal
service. The State (which is one of the Simla Hill States) has an area of
4 square miles, and a population of 1158, chiefly Hindus. The Thakur
maintains a military force of 10 men.
Residence. Bija, Punjab.
BIJAI BAHADUR (of Chichli), Rdjd.
Born 1849. Succeeded his father, Raja Nizam Singh, in 1871. The
title is hereditary ; and was originally conferred by the Gond Raja of Mandla,
dating so far back, it is said, as 921 A.D. The sanad has been destroyed by
age. In 1808 a flag, a, staff, a belt, and a drum were bestowed on Raja
Sangram Shah by the late Nawab Sidak Ali, Subahdar of the Nagpur Raja,
for the capture of a famous rebel named Mir Khan. The family were settled
at Fatehpur in Hoshangabad until 1227; when Pahar Singh, the younger
son of Raja Bariya Singh of Fatehpur, came to Chichli and Sangal. The
present Raja's father, Raja Nizam Singh, rendered good service to Govern-
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA o 83
ment in the time of the Mutiny in 1857; and received, in consideration
thereof, a sanad si loyalty, dated igth September 1859, together with a sword
of honour and a money grant. He was also made an Honorary Magistrate.
The Raja Bijai Bahadur has a son whose name is Lai Saheb. The family
banner is a yellow flag or pitambar, with chauri and staff ; the motto on the
Raja's seal is Sado Sahai Narsingh, Nizam Singh Sut Bijai Bahadur Singh,
which is " May the god Narsingh always help Bijai Bahadur Singh, son of
Nizam Singh."
Residence. Narsinghpur, Central Provinces.
BIJAI CHAND MAHTAB, Mahdrdj- Kumar. See Burdwan.
BIJAI SINGH MBHTA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878.
Residence. Jodhpur, Rajputdna.
BIJAWAR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA SAWAI BHAN
PARTAB SINGH BAHADUR, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 24th December 1842. Succeeded to the gadi 23rd November
1847. His Highness the Chief of Bijawar, like those of Charkhari and
Ajaigarh, is descended from Jagat Raj, the second son of the Maharaja
Chhatarsal ; and the Bijawar territory is a portion of that which was ruled by
his great ancestor. The second son of Jagat Raj was Birsinghdeo of Bijawar ;
and the son of the latter, named Kesri Singh, obtained a sanad from the
British Government in 1811. The great-grandson of the last-named is the
present Maharaja Bahadur. The area of the State is about 974 square miles ;
its population 113,285, chiefly Hindus, but with 2405 Muhammadans and
2506 Jains. His Highness maintains a military force of 100 cavalry, 1000
infantry, and 1 3 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns. The family
is Bundela Rajput (Hindu) ; its motto is Agni pratdp Vishwesha (Hindi,
meaning " As fire resplendent, the Lord of the World ") ; and its banner was
unfurled at the Delhi Imperial Assemblage in 1877.
Residence. Bijdwar, Bundelkhand, Central India.
BUNA, DIWAN MAKUND SINGH, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Is a member of the Hashtbhaiya family (see Dhurwai), who are Bundela
Rajputs, the State being an offshoot of that of Orchha (q.v.) Born January
1838 succeeded to the gadi in 1850. Diwan Sawant Singh of Bijna was
the second son of Diwan Rai Singh, the common ancestor of the Hashtbhaiya.
Sawant Singh's grandson, Surjun Singh, obtained a sanad from the British
Government in 1823 ; and his grandson is the present Chief. The area of
the State is 27 square miles; its population 2084, chiefly Hindus. The
Chief maintains a military force of 4 cavalry, 30 infantry, and 2 guns.
Residence. Bijna, Bundelkhand, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BUNT, Rani of.
Is the widow of the late Raja Kumud Narayan Bhup of Bijni, and is in
possession of the Bijni estates. The Bijni family is descended from a
younger son of one of the Rajas of Kuch Behar (q.v.)
Residence. Bijni, Godlpdra, Assam.
BIKANIR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA RAJ RAJBSHWAR
SIROMAN SRI GANGA SINGH BAHADUR, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1879. Succeeded to the gadi iQth August 1887. Is a Rahtor
Rajput, descended from Bika Singh, the founder of Bikanir, who was the
sixth son of Rao Jodha, Chief of Jodhpur (q.v.}, claiming descent from
Umalrai, fifty-sixth in descent from Rama. The title was confirmed to the
family, in the person of the Maharaja Guj Singh, by the Emperor Ahmad
Shah of Delhi in 1752 A.D. The Bikanir flag is yellow and red the former
representing Lakshmindrdyan, and the latter Devi. The area of the State is
22,340 square miles; its population 509,021, chiefly Hindus, but with over
50,000 Muhammadans and 21,000 Jains. His Highness (who is still a
minor) maintains a military force of 400 cavalry, 564 infantry, and 91 guns.
He is entitled to a salute of 1 7 guns.
Residence. Bikanir, Rajputdna.
BILASPUR, Rdjd of. See Kahlur.
BILAUDA, THAKUR SAMRAT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1872 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1878. Is
descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of the State is
about 276, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Bilauda, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
BILBARI, MHOSHA walad VAGHU, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1860. Is descended from a Puar family. The State is one
of the numerous Dang States in Khandesh ; its area is under 2 square miles,
and its population about 1418, chiefly Bhils (aborigines).
Residence. Bilbari, KMndesh, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 85
BILOD, The Khan of.
A Ruling Chief.
This State is in Western Malwa, Central India, and the succession to the
gadi was undecided at the time when information was obtained in 1891.
The population is about 600, partly Hindus, partly Muhammadan ; the ruling
family is Muhammadan.
Residence. Bilod, Central India.
BIPIN BIHARI DATT, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th July 1888.
Residence. Hugli, Bengal.
BIPIN KRISHNA BASU (BOSS), Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Ndgpur, Central Provinces.
BIR SHAMSHBR JANG, K.C.I.E., Maharaja Sir.
Prime Minister of Nepal.
His Excellency the Prime Minister of Nepal was, on 25th May 1892,
created a Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of
India.
Residence. Khatmandu, Nepal
BIR SINGH DEO (of Kuarpur), Thdkur.
Born 1816. The title is hereditary, and was originally conferred on an
ancestor of the present Thakur by one of the Gond Rajas of Mandla. Is
uncle of Thakur Kirat Singh, and a sharer in the tdluka of Kuarpur. His
sons are (i) Kunwar Himalchal Singh, (2) Kunwar Surat Singh, (3) Kun-
war Himat Singh.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
BIRA SINGHA NARAYAN RAI (of Madhavapassa), Raja.
This is one of the titles that appear not to have been formally recognised
by Government. The family at one time possessed three farmdns of the
time of the Emperor Muhammad Shah, bearing the seal of the Nawab
Murshid Kuli Khan, confirming Udai Narayan Rai in the Zaminddri of
Chandradip, Bakarganj.
Residence. Madhavapassa, Bakarganj, Bengal.
BIRESHWAR DATT, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
86 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BISHAN CHAND DUDHURIA, Rai Bahadur.
Born loth June 1852. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd
January 1888 for his liberal philanthropy and public services. Owns lands in
the districts of Maimansingh, Murshidabad, Birbhum, Burdwan, Bhagalpur,
Faridpur, and Rajshahi, and has always contributed to charitable and other
funds, opening annachatras (or poor-houses) in times of famine, etc. His
son is named Bijai Singh Dudhuria, born November 1879. His brother is
Rai Budh Singh Dudhuria Bahadur (q.v.)
Residence. Azimganj, Murshidabad, Bengal.
BISHAN DATT (of Barwara), Thdkur.
Born 1831. The title is hereditary. The tdluka was given to the family
of Anrudh Singh Baldeo Sahai by Raja Nizam Shah of Mandla about 1743.
Residence. Barwara, Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
BISHAN SABUP, MUNSHI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Kekri, Ajmir.
BISHAN SINGH (of Bheri), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar belongs to a Jat family, descended
from Sardar Mahtab Singh, Miran Kotia, a Sikh Chief famous for his prowess,
who lived in 1761 A.D. His son, Sardar Rai Singh, acquired by conquest
some villages in the Ambala district more than a century ago.
Residence. Bheri, Ludhidna, Punjab.
BISHAN SINGH (of Nabha), Diwdn, C.I.E.
The Diwan was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire on ist January 1890, for distinguished services to the State
of Nabha in the Punjab.
Residence. Ndbha, Punjab.
BISHEN LAL SINGH (of Kendi), Rdjd.
This is one of the titles that have not been formally recognised by Govern-
ment. The family is descended from Raja Nabir Singh, who was Zaminddr
of Kendi, in the Hazaribagh district, at the commencement of the i8th
century. The Raja has a son, named Iswar Prasad Singh, who bears the
courtesy title of Tikait.
Residence. Hazdribagh, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 87
BISHESHWAR BAKHSH SINGH, Ral
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jaunpur, North-Western Provinces.
BISHESHWAR BAKHSH SINGH, Rai.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Partdbgarh, Oudh.
BISHNATH SINGH (of Katra Balkhera), Thdkur,
The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by Raja Nizam
Shah, Gond Raja of Mandla.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
BISHNU CHANDRA DATTA, Rai Bahadur.
Has rendered good service as Deputy Postmaster - General, Eastern
Bengal, and received the title as a personal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Dacca, Bengal.
BISHUN NARAYAN (of Sidli), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, and was conferred on i4th August 1868. Is the
son of the late Raja Gauri Narayan, descended from a family said to be
descended from the ancestors of the Maharaja of Kuch Behar. The founder
received a jdgir from the Raja of Kuch Behar ; his descendants subsequently
became subjects of the Mughal Empire, and in 1765 came under British rule.
They were under Bhutiya control for some time, and reverted to British control
after the Bhutan war in 1865.
Residence. Godlpdra, Assam.
BISHUNATH SINGH, Rao.
Born 1 5th September 1870; succeeded his father on ist October 1888.
The title is hereditary, and is said to have been conferred originally on
Raghubar Singh, Thakur, father of Rao Bishunath Singh, by Raja Gyan
Chand.
Residence. Cawnpur, North- Western Provinces.
BOBBILI, Rdjd of.
See Venkatasveta Chala-pathi Ranga Rao, Ravu, Rdjd.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BOD, RAJA JOGINDRA DEO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1857 ; succeeded to the gadi on 5th October 1879. Belongs
to a Kshatriya (Hindu) family, founded by Ganda Mardan Deo, seventy
generations back. The title of Raja has been enjoyed since the time of the
Mahratta rule; it was formally recognised by the British Government on
2ist May 1874, in the lifetime of the late Raja Pitambar Deo, father of the
present Raja. The eldest son of the ruling Raja is called the Jubaraj ;
the younger sons Babus. It is said that the Rajas of Bod have always
been famous for their loyalty to the Emperors of India who were in power
from time to time. Formerly there was a main route through this State to
the Central and Western Provinces, and whenever any persons duly credited
by the Muhammadan or Mahratta rulers passed over it the Rajas of Bod
used to render them every assistance, and thus earned their favour. When
Raja Pratap Deb was the ruler, certain officers of the Muhammadan Emperor
were passing through this State with troops en route to Puri. Some of the
troops having caught fever it was necessary for them to halt there for about
a month, during which time the Raja treated them very hospitably, and
gained their good opinion. On their reporting the facts to the Emperor, the
title of " Swasti Sri Derlakhya Dumbadhipati Jharkhund Mandaleswar " was
conferred upon the then Raja. This title continued till the time of Raja
Banamali Deb, when certain Mahratta officers went to Sonpur to realise
peshkash) and committed much violence. The people of Sonpur formed a
conspiracy to kill the officers, who fled to Bod for refuge. The Sonpur
people continued their pursuit up to Bod, where the Raja took them
prisoners and sent them to Nagpur. This conduct of the Chief very much
pleased the Mahratta ruler, who conferred the title of " Swasti Sri Prabala-
pratapaditya Parutapa Danasampanna Jharkhand Badshah" on the Raja.
This title was subsequently abbreviated to " Jharkhand Paichha " ; and in
consideration of the above, the Raja was once for all exempted from paying
peshkash to the Mughal and Mahratta rulers. The area of the State (which
is one of those known as the Orissa Tributary Mahals) is about 2064 square
miles; its population 130,103, chiefly Hindus, but over 37,000 belonging to
aboriginal tribes. The Raja maintains a military force of 592 infantry and
2 guns.
Residence. Bod, Orissa.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 89
BOLANDBA, THAKUR SALAMSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1865. Is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family. The
area of the State is about 14 square miles; its population about 873, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Bolandra, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
/
BOMANJI SOHRABJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
BONAI, RAJA INDAR DEO BAHADUR, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1836; succeeded to the gadi on the i2th September 1876.
Rendered good service to the Government during the Keonjhar disturbances
in 1867-68. Is descended from a Kshatriya (Hindu) family, who call them-
selves Kodam Bangsa, because the progenitor of the race was born under a
kodam tree. The infant, it is said, was abandoned, and was in danger of falling
into the hands of an enemy, when a peacock swallowed it, and kept it in his
craw until the danger was over ; and in gratitude the family adopted the
peacock as its crest. The title of Tikait is the courtesy title of the heir-
apparent ; that of Potait is borne by the second son, that of Ldl by the third
son, and Bdbu by the younger sons, if any. The Raja Bahadur has the
following sons Tikait Nilambar Deo, Potait Bishambar Deo, Lai Hari
Krishna Deo. The area of the State (which is one of the Chota Nagpur
Tributary Mahals) is about 1297 square miles ; its population 24,026, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Bonai, Chota Ndgpur, Bengal.
BORKHBRA, THAKUR AMAR SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur is descended from a Rajput (Hindu) family.
Residence. Borkhera, Indore, Central India.
BORKHERA (WESTERN MALWA), THAKUR BHAIRON
SINGH, Thdkur oj.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about the year 1858 ; succeeded to the gadt in 1873. The popula-
tion of the State is about 1000, partly Hindus, partly Muhammadans.
Residence. Borkhera, Western Malwa", Central India.
90 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BRAHMA NARAYAN SINGH, Thdkur.
This is one of the titles that appear not to have been officially recognised.
The Thakur's sons all bear the courtesy title of Bdbu.
Residence. Manbhum, Bengal.
BRAJA GOPAL SINGH, Rdjd.
This is one of the titles that have never been formally recognised by
Government. The Raja's elder son is styled Tikait, his name is Madan
Mohan Singh ; and the younger, whose name is Sarat Chandra Singh, has
the title of Hikim.
Residence. Mdnbhum, Bengal.
BRAJA KISHOR SINGH, Rdjd.
This is one of the titles that appear never to have been officially recog-
nised by Government. The family claims to be of Rajput descent. The
Raja's eldest son, named Ramakanai Singh, bears the courtesy title of
Jubardj ; the second, named Syamsundar Singh, bears that of Hikim ; the
third is styled Kumdr. In this family no name is given to a son till he
attains the age of twelve years. The younger sons of the Raja, below the
third, are styled Bdbu, except the fourth, who sometimes has the courtesy
title of Bara Thdkur.
Residence. Bdrabhum, Mdnbhum, Bengal.
BRAMHA NAND MAL, Paik-Rai.
This is one of the titles that appear not to have been formally recognised
by Government. It was originally conferred by one of the old Rajas of
Kujung.
Residence. Cuttack, Orissa.
BRIJ BHUKAN LAL, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1820. The title is personal; and was conferred on 24th May
1882, the Rai Bahadur having held many important public offices, having
retired on pension in 1872, and having been granted a medal by Govern-
ment at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India. Is an Honorary Magistrate of Lucknow ; one of the founders of the
Jubilee High School, Lucknow ; President of the Kayastha Sadar Sabha of
India, 1888 ; and Secretary to the Trustees of the Husainabad Endowment.
Has borne for many years a high character for loyalty and benevolence.
His son is named Ananda Prasad, born 1846; his grandson, Bansi Dhar,
born 1874; his great-grandson, Manohar Ldl, born 1891.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
BRIJ LAL GHOSH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October 1879.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 91
BRIJ RAJ SINGH (of Bhaddu), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary. The family is Rajput, and claims descent from
the Pandus, being of the same stock as the families of Kulu, Bisauli, and
Bahadurwah. Its founder, Raja Jai Singh, was a tributary of the Kanahya
Sardar, Jaimal Singh. His grandson, Raja Umaid Singh, on the grant of the
hill territories by the British Government to the Maharaja Ghulab Singh of
Kashmir and Jammu, was dispossessed of his territories, but received a
pension from the British Government from the territories ceded by the Maha-
raja to meet this and similar claims. He settled in Nurpur, Kangra district.
Residence. Ka"ngra, Punjab.
BUDDHA KHAN, Khan.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Hathan, Merwara.
BUDH SINGH DUDHURIA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888. Is a
brother of the Rai Bishan Chand Dudhuria Bahadur (q.v.)
Residence. Murshidabad, Bengal.
BUDHO KHAN walad MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
BULAKA SINGH, Sardar.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
BUN BBHARI KAPUR (of Burdwan), Rdjd.
Title of Raja conferred, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Born nth November 1853 ; adopted by the third brother of the late
Maharaja Adhiraj Mahtab Chand Bahadur of Burdwan on 3 ist August
1856. Appointed Diwan-i-Rdj of Burdwan in 1877, and Vice-President
of the Burdwan Raj touncil in 1879. At the Imperial Assemblage
of Delhi on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclama-
tion of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, received a
Certificate of Honour, was appointed Honorary Magistrate, and Member
of the District Board of Burdwan; and on 23rd January 1885 a Member
of the Bengal Legislative Council. Appointed Joint Manager, Burdwan
Raj estate, 1885, and sole Manager in 1891 ; and has rendered admirable
services to the Burdwan Raj and to the country for many years past. He is
the natural father of the present Maharaj-Kumar of Burdwan (who is still a
minor) ; a brother-in-law of the late Maharaja Aftab Chand Bahadur, and a
nephew of His Highness the late Maharaja Mahtab Chand Bahadur of
Burdwan.
Crest. A horse's head, erased, proper.
Residence. The Bonabas, Burdwan.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
BUNDI, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAO RAJA RAGHUBIR
SINGH BAHADUR, Mahdrao Rdjd of.
Born about 1868; succeeded to the gadi 28th March 1889. Is a
Chauhan (Kara) Rajput (Hindu), descended from Rao Deo Singh, son of
Rao Bakht Singh Deoji, who founded the State of Bundi about the year
1242 A.D. The flag of the family is coloured yellow, with the motto Sri
Rangesh Bhagt Bundesh Ram Singhe^ meaning " Raja Ram Singh, ruler
of Bundi, is a believer in Raghunathji." The State is situated in that part
of Rajputana known as the Haraoti and Tonk Agency. Its area is 2300
square miles; its population about 254,701, chiefly Hindus, but with 9477
Muhammadans and 3101 Jains. His Highness maintains a military force
of 446 cavalry, 1835 infantry, and 144 guns; and is entitled to a salute of
17 guns.
Residence. Bundi, Rajputana.
BUR SINGH (of Mukerian), Sardar, Sarddr Bahadur.
The first title is hereditary, the second is personal, and was conferred on
ist June 1888. The Sardar and his brothers were important Sardars during
the reign of the Mahajara Sher Singh of Lahore. When Sher Singh was
assassinated, Sardar Budh Singh (brother of Sardar Bur Singh) was killed on
the spot, and his cousin severely wounded. Sardar Bur Singh was deputed
to Fatehgarh to remain in attendance on Shdhzada Shahdeo Singh, son of
Maharaja Sher Singh, who accompanied the Maharaja Dalip Singh to that
place.
Residence. Mukerian, HoshiaVpur, Punjab.
BURDWAN, MAHARAJ-KUMAR BIJAI CHAND MAHTAB,
Mahdrdj-Kumdr of.
Born 1 9th October 1881. Succeeded the late Maharaja Aftab Chan d
Mahtab Bahadur, Maharaja of Burdwan. Belongs to a Kapur Kshatriya
family of Kotli in Lahore, Punjab,
whence Abu Rai, the founder of
the Burdwan Raj family, migrated
to Bengal. Was adopted by the
late Maharaja, and is the son of
Raja Bun Behari Kapur of Burd-
wan (q.v.\ a scion of the same
family, who is also the guardian
and manager of the large estates
of the young Maharaj - Kumar.
Abu Rai Kapur settled in district
Burdwan; and in 1657 A.D. was
appointed Chaudhri and Kotwal
of Rekabi Bazar, etc., under the
Fauzdar of Chakld Burdwan. He
was succeeded by Babu Rai, who owned Pargand Burdwan and three
other estates, and also succeeded his father as Chaudhri. Then followed in
succession his son Gyaneshyam Rai, and his grandson Krishna Rama Rai ;
the latter received a far man from the Emperor Aurangzeb, dated 24th
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 93
Rabiwal Akhir, in the thirty-eighth year of his reign (1695 A -D.), confirming
him as Zamindar and Chaudhri of Burdwan. Succeeded by his son Jagat
Rama Rai, who received a similar farmdn from the Emperor Aurangzeb,
dated 5th Jamadiwal Awol, in the forty-third year of his reign (1700 A.D.) ;
and again his son, Kirti Chandra Rai, who succeeded, received a similar
farmdn from the same Emperor, dated 2oth Sawab, in the forty-eighth year
of his reign (1705 A.D.), mentioning him as Zamindar and Chaudhri of
forty-nine Mahals in Pargand Burdwan. Kirti Chandra Rai received a
second farmdn from the Emperor Muhammad Shah, adding some Mahals^
in the year 1736 A.D. He was succeeded by his son Chitra Sen Rai;
who, in the twenty-first year of the reign of the Emperor Muhammad
Shah (1740 A.D.), received a farmdn recognising him as Zamindar of
Chakld Burdwan, and giving him the title of Raja. He was succeeded by
his cousin, the nephew of Kirti Chandra, Raja Tilak Chandra Rai ; who
received a sanad from the Emperor Ahmad Shah, dated 7th Rajab, in the
seventh year of his reign (1753 A.D.), confirming him as Raja of Burdwan,
etc. In 1765 he received another sanad from the Emperor Shah
Alam, granting an increase of the Zaminddri, and the additional title of
Bahadur ; and about the same time the same Emperor wrote him a friendly
letter, intimating his creation as Raja Bahadur, and also as a Commander of
4000 infantry. To this, in the official farmdn that followed, was added also
the command of 2000 cavalry; and lastly, in the ninth year of the Emperor
Shah Alam (1768 A.D.), he received from the Commander-in-Chief, by order
of the Emperor, a sanad conferring the title of Maharaja Adhiraj, and making
him a Commander of 5000 infantry and 3000 cavalry, with authority for
guns, bands, nakara, etc. He was succeeded by his son, the Maharaja
Tej Chandra Rai, who, in 1771 A.D., received a similar sanad to the last-
named. He was succeeded by his adopted son, Maharaja Mahtab Chand,
who, in 1833 A.D., received a farmdn from Lord William Bentinck,
Governor-General, confirming him in the title of Maharaja Adhiraj Bahadur.
In 1868 he obtained for himself and his descendants the license of Her
Majesty to bear the arms and supporters described below; and at the
Imperial Assemblage at Delhi on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, he was
granted, as a personal distinction, the right to receive a salute of 13 guns.
He managed his great estates with so much success that they became some
of the most prosperous in Bengal ; and at the time of the Santal Rebellion
in 1855, an d again during the troubles of the Mutiny, the Maharaja did
everything in his power to strengthen the hands of the Government, by
placing elephants and bullock-carts at the disposal of the authorities, and by
keeping open the communications in the neighbouring districts. On his
death in 1879 he was succeeded by his adopted son, the late Maharaja
Aftab Chand Mahtab, who, on attaining his majority in 1881, was installed
at the Palace, Burdwan, in all his father's honours and possessions. He
died prematurely in 1888, and was succeeded by his adopted son, the
present Maharaj-Kumar, who is still a minor. The family colour is dark-
blue with scarlet facings. The arms are azure, an ancient Hindustani shield
proper, between in chief a crescent argent and in base two swords in saltire,
points downwards, also proper. The crest is an iron-gray horse's head,
couped, around the neck a riband azure, and pendent therefrom an
escutcheon of the last, charged with a lotus-flower proper. The supporters
94 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
are, on either side an iron-gray horse regardant, around the neck a riband
gules, and pendent therefrom an escutcheon of the last, charged with a lotus-
flower proper.
Residences. The Palace, Burdwan, Bengal ; Mahtab Manzil, and Dilaram,
and Dar-ul-Bahr (Dilkusha Gardens), Burdwan ; The Rajbdti, Chinsurah, Bengal ;
The Rajbti, Kalna, Bengal ; The Aftab House, Alipur, Calcutta ; The Rosebank,
Darjiling ; The Retreat, Kurseong, Bengal ; and other residences at Bhdgalpur,
Benares, Cawnpur, and Agra.
BURHAN-UD-DIN-KHAN, FAKIR SAYYID (of Lahore),
Khan Bahadur.
The title-is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Bhopdl, Central India.
BYA GALE, MAUNG, Ahmtidan gaung Tazeik-ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889. It means
"Recipient of the Medal of Honour for Good Service," and is indicated
by the letters A.T.M. after the name.
Residence. Pegu, Burma.
BYRAMJBE DADABHOY, Khan Bahadur.
See Behramji Dadabhai, Khan Bahadur.
CALICUT, MAHARAJA SIR MANA VIKRAMA BAHADUR,
K. C.S.I., Zamorin of.
Born i Qth March 1820 ; succeeded to the gadi 26th March 1868. The
present Zamorin is believed to be the 1 1 9th in descent from the founder of
the family, who derived his title from Cheraman Perumal, the last Emperor
of Malabar. The tradition is that there were two youths of the Eradi caste
from Pumthura, near Erode, who rendered Cheraman Perumal, the last
Emperor of Malabar, signal service in subduing the stronghold of an eastern
invader, the Chola King of Choladesh. When Cheraman Perumal became a
Buddhist in 352 A.D., and retired from political life, dividing his empire of
Malabar among his eighteen feudatories, it chanced that these two youths were
absent on a pilgrimage to Benares, so they were overlooked in the distribution
of territory. At the last moment they returned, and were presented by the
Emperor with his Imperial sword, and a small piece of land called Kokorikot
whence the modern Calicut Cheraman Perumal bidding them win what
more they wanted with the sword. Accordingly, when Vasco da Gama
arrived at Calicut in 1498, he found the descendant of one of these youths,
the Zamorin of Calicut, ruling over the greater part of South Malabar. From
that time the Zamorins were mainly engaged in wars with the Rajas of Cochin
and their allies, the Portuguese. The family follows the well-known Maru-
makkatayam law of inheritance, by which the succession is always to the
offspring of its female members only ; among these the next eldest male to the
Zamorin is the heir-apparent. In 1766 the then Zamorin, being beleaguered
by Haidar Ali of Mysore, set fire to his palace, and voluntarily perished in
the flames. Thenceforward the Zamorins were (with short intervals of
attempts at rebellion) the subjects of Haidar and Tippu, until the Calicut
territory was ceded to the English by the treaty with Tippu in 1792. The
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 95
present Zamorin was appointed a Fellow of the Madras University in 1882,
created a Maharaja Bahadur in 1878, and a Knight Commander of the Most
Exalted Order of the Star of India on 25th May 1892. His heir-apparent
under the Marumakkatayam law is Mana Vikrama Raja, born 1832, who
bears the courtesy title of " The Eralpad."
Residence. Calicut, Malabar District, Madras.
CAMBAY, HIS HIGHNESS NAWAB JAPAR ALI KHAN
SAHBB BAHADUR, Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bora in the year 1848 ; succeeded to the gadi nth June 1880. Belongs
to a Mughal (Shiah Muhammadan) family, descended from Mirza Jafar
Nizam-ud-daula, who married the daughter of Momin Khan Dehlami, agent
for Surat and Cambay. The Nawab at the time of the Treaty of Bassein in
1802 was Fateh AH Khan, who was succeeded by his brother Bandeh Ali
Khan, and the latter by his nephew, the Nawab Husain Yar Khan, father of
the present Nawab. The full title of His Highness is Sardar Nawab Najib-
ud-daula, Mumtaz-ul-Mulk, Munim Khan Bahadur, Dilawar Jang Dawe
Ekbalu, His Highness Jafar Ali Khan Saheb Bahadur, Nawab of Cambay.
His Highness married in 1876 the Bibi Gauhar Khanum Saheb, and in 1882
the Bibi Khurshid Jahan Begum. The area of the State is about 350 square
miles; its population about 86,000, chiefly Hindus, with about 12,000
Muhammadans. The Nawab maintains a military force of 36 cavalry, 496
infantry, and 1 2 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Cambay, Kaira, Bombay.
CASHMERE, His Highness the Maharaja Bahadur of.
See Jammu and Kashmir.
CHADCHAT, Thdkur of. See Santalpur and Chadchat, Thdkur of.
CHAMBA, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA SHAM SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born in 1866 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1873. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, descended from the Raja Sail, who in very early times
came from Marwar to Chamba. In 1846 the State came into the possession of
the British Government after the first Sikh war, and a part of it was made
over to the Maharaja Golab Singh of Jammu and Kashmir. Subsequently,
however, by an arrangement made with the latter in 1847, Chamba came
again entirely under British control, and it was assigned to the then Raja,
Raja Sri Singh, and his heirs. On his death in- 1870 he was succeeded by
his brother, Raja Gopal Singh, who abdicated in 1873, an d was succeeded
by the present Raja. In 1854 the sanitarium of Dalhousie was surrendered
to the Government by the Raja of Chamba, in consideration of the remission
of part of the yearly tribute, and in 1867 the cantonments of Bakloh and
Balun. The area of the State, which is very mountainous, being situated in
the Himalayas, on the frontiers of Kashmir, is about 3092 square miles; its
96 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
population 115,773, chiefly Hindus, but including 6859 Muhammadans.
The Raja maintains a military force of 12 cavalry, 200 infantry, and 3 guns,
and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Chamba, Punjab.
CHAND MAL, SETH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Ajmir, Rajputana.
CHANDAR SHIKHAR (of Sissaindi), Rdjd.
Born 2 Qth October 1860; succeeded the Raja Kashi Prasad in 1873.
Belongs to a Tiwari Brahman family, on whom the title of Raja was con-
ferred by King Amjad Ali Shah of Oudh, and it was recognised as hereditary
by the British Government in 1877. Raja Kashi Prasad was consistently
loyal during the Mutiny, and gave great assistance to British officers. He
was specially mentioned in Lord Canning's Proclamation of March 1858 as
one of the six loyal Oudh Talukdars, and was granted large estates as a
reward.
Residence. Sissaindi, Lucknow, Oudh.
CHANDASINGH EANSINGH SHAHANI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890.
Residence. Sind, Bombay.
CHANDRA KANTA TARKALANKAR, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, in recog-
nition of eminence in oriental learning. It entitles the holder to take rank
in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Mymensingh, Bengal.
CHANG BHAKAR, BHAYA BALBHADRA SINGH, Bhaya of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about the year 1825 ; succeeded to the gadi ist December 1865.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family, that is a collateral branch of the Korea
Chauhan Rajputs, descended from Jorawal Singh, a younger step-brother of
Raja Garib Singh of Korea. The Bhaya's brother is named Lai Ran
Bahadur Singh. The State is one of those known as the Chota Nagpur
Tributary Mahals. Its area is about 906 square miles ; and its population
about 13,466, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Chang Bhakar, Chota Na~gpur, Bengal, India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 97
CHARKHARI, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJ-ADHIRAJ
SIPADAR-UL-MULK MULKHAN SINGH BAHADUR,
Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bom January 1872 ; succeeded to the gadi loth July 1880. Belongs to
the famous Bundela Rajput family founded by Bir Singh in the 1 3th century,
who first took the clan name of Bundela, and from whom are descended a
very large number of celebrities in Central Indian history, including the royal
families of Orchha, Panna, Dattia, Ajaigarh, Charkhari, Bijawar, Sarila, Jigni,
Jaso, Lughasi. One of these descendants, the Maharaja Chhatarsal, acquired
the sovereignty of Eastern and Northern Bundelkhand. Being hard pressed
by the Mahrattas, he adopted the Peshwa as one of his sons, who thus
obtained one-third of his dominions, including Sagar, Kalpi, etc. His eldest
son inherited Panna, while from the second son, Jagat Raj, descended the
Chiefs of Ajaigarh, Charkhari, Bijawar, and Sarila. The son of Jagat Raj
was Kirat Singh ; and the grandson of the latter, the Maharaja Vikramaditya
of Charkhari, received a sanad from the British Government in 1 804. His
grandson was the Maharaja Jai Singh, who attended the Imperial Assemblage
at Delhi in January 1877, and in celebration of the Proclamation of Her
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India received the additional title of
Sipadar-ul-Mulk. His son is the present Maharaja, who succeeded as a
minor in 1880, attained his majority in January 1892, and assumed the
Government of his State at a grand Darbar held at Charkhari on loth
November 1892. At this Darbar were present, besides the Maharaja and the
young Raja of Sarila, all the principal jagirdars, thakurs, and officials of the
State, numbering more than a hundred. The area of the State is 788 square
miles; its population about 143,000, chiefly Hindus, with 6000 Muham-
madans. The motto of the family is Singhasanesho ran Vijayi ("The
Master of the Throne is the Victorious in War "). The Maharaja maintains
a military force of 188 cavalry, 1552 infantry, and 42 guns, and is entitled
to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence, Charkhdri, Central India.
\
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
CHBNTSAL RAO, P., C.I.E.
Born 1832 ; Sarishtadar of the Madras Revenue Board, 1872; Fellow
of the Madras University, 1875; Superintendent of Stamps and Stationery,
1882 ; Member of the Legislative Council of Fort St. George, 1887, and of
the Governor-General's Council, 1892 ; cr. C.I.E. , 1887.
Residence. Madras.
CHEPPADIRA TBIMMIAH, Rat Bahddur.
Is the Subahdar of the Yedenalknad, Kurg, and received the title as a per-
sonal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Mercara, Kurg.
CHBRRA, HAJAN MANIK, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1833; succeeded to the gadi 24th May 1875. The Chief
and his people (said to number about 9000) are Khasis. This is one of the
Khasi and Jaintia Hill States.
Residence. Cherra, Khasi Hills, Assam.
CHET SINGH (of Bhikra), Rao.
Born 1 5th April 1851. The title is hereditary, and has long been recog-
nised. The family are Sengar Rajputs, descended from the Rajas of Rura
in Etawah. The Rao has a son and heir, named Lala Tej Singh, born 8th
October 1866.
Residence. Bhikra, Etdwah, North- Western Provinces.
CHETAN SHAH, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Shdhpur, Punjab.
CHHALIAR, RAWAL CHHATRASINGHJI, Rdwal of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about the year 1863; succeeded to the gadi 2ist June 1888.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family, which pays a tribute to the Gaekwar of
Baroda, as well as to the Paramount Power. The area of the State is about
9 square miles.
Residence. Chhalia"r, Rewd Ka"ntha, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 99
CHHATARPUR, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA VISHWANATH
SINGH BAHADUR, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 2 Qth August 1866; succeeded to the gadi i4th November 1866.
Belongs to a Puar Rajput (Hindu) family ; descended from the Sardar Soneh
Sah, a Sardar of the Panna Raj, who was in military possession of the
Chhatarpur jdgir when the British acquired Bundelkhand. He was granted
a sanad by the British Government in 1806, and was succeeded by his son,
the Raja Partab Singh. The grand-nephew of the latter was the Raja Jagat
Raj, the father of the present Raja. The family motto is Agni pratdp
Vishweshah (" As fire resplendent, Lord of the World "). The area of the
State is 1169 square miles; its population about 167,700, chiefly Hindus,
with about 5500 Muhammadans and 749 Jains. The Raja maintains a
military force of 39 cavalry, 814 infantry, and 39 guns, and is entitled to a
salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Chhatarpur, Bundelkhand, Central India.
CHHATRA KUNWAI (of Amgaon), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, and was originally derived from Raja Hindi Shah
of Garha-Mandla. The family is Lodhi.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
CHHATRA SINGH, Subahddr-Major, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th June 1887 for eminent
military service.
Residence. Burma.
CHHBDI LAL, LALA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was bestowed on ist June 1888. The Rai
Bahadur's grandfather, Lala Sadasukh, was a wealthy grain and cotton
merchant in Cawnpur.
Residence. Cawnpur, North-Western Provinces.
CHHOTA BARKHBRA, BHUMIA MUGAT SINGH, Bhumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1865 ; succ|eded to the gadi i4th September 1889. Is descended
from a Bhilala family. The population of the State is about 125, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Chhota Barkhera, Bhopdwar, Central India.
100
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
CHHOTA UDAIPUR, MAHARAWAL SHRI MOTISINGHJI,
Raj a of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859; succeeded to the gadi yth July 1881. Belongs to a
Chauhan Rajput (Hindu) family, descended from the famous Patai Rawal,
the last Chauhan Chief of Champaner, from whom
also descend the Chiefs of Baria. When Cham-
paner was captured by the Muhammadans under
Muhammad Begar in 1484, the Chauhans moved
to Chhota Udaipur and to ' Baria. The Raja
Jitsinghji, father of the present Raja, bravely
resisted Tantia Topi during the Mutiny of 1857 ;
and the latter was defeated by General Parke
when encamped before the town of Chhota Udaipur.
The family at one time occupied a fort at Mohan ;
it pays tribute to the Gaekwar of Baroda. The
area of the State is about 873 square miles; its
population about 71,000, chiefly Bhils or Kolis
or other aboriginal tribes. The Maharawal main-
tains a military force of 50 cavalry, 256 infantry,
and 4 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Chhota Udaipur, Rewd Kantha, Bombay.
The Santak of the Chauhan
Rajputs, called Ckakra, used
in the seal and for signature.
(A circle with four Trisulas or
Tridents as radii at the car-
dinal points*)
CHIKLI, GUMAN SINGH, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born about the year 1864; succeeded to the gadi ist November
1888. Is a Muhammadan, but descended from a Wasava Bhil (aboriginal)
family. The area of the State is about 200 square miles; its population
about 1444, chiefly (aboriginal) Bhils.
Residence. Chikli, Khandesh, Bombay.
CHIKTIABAR, BHUMIA UMBD SINGH, Bhumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1845; succeeded to the gadi in 1864. The population of
the State is about 415, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Chiktiabar, Bhopawar, Central India.
CHINCHLI, NAIK JINMYA walad GUDAD BHAVAN, Chief of
A Ruling Chief.
The State is also called Dang Chinchligadad, being one of the numerous
Dang States in Khandesh ; and the Chief or Naik, sometimes called Zimna
walad Bhawan, is a minor and unmarried ; belongs to an aboriginal Bhil
tribe. The area of the State is about, 2 7 square miles ; and its population
about 1668.
Residence. Chinchli, Khdndesh, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 101
CHIRAKAL, KERALA VARMA RAJA, Valiya Rdjd of.
Born 1849. I s tne head of one of the branches of the Kolattiri House,
the Raja of Kolattiri having been one of those chieftains among whom Chera-
man Perumal, Emperor of Malabar, divided his dominions when he became
a Buddhist and retired from the world in 352 A.D. In 1734 the Chirakal
Raja was acknowledged by all the members of the Kolattiri House as the
head of the family, and was entrusted with the administration. The Raja at
the time of Tippu's invasion in 1789 was named Rama Varma, and he
committed suicide 1 to avoid falling into the hands of the conqueror. A
prince, who took refuge in the jungles until the English obtained possession
of the country, was recognised by them in 1795 as Raja. The family, like
that of the Zamorin of Calicut and other Chiefs of Malabar, follows the
Marumakkatayam law of inheritance ; by which the succession is to the off-
spring of its female members, among whom the next eldest male after the
Raja is his heir-apparent. The late Valiya Raja of Chirakal was called
Rajaha Raja ; and he was succeeded by the present Valiya Raja under the
Marumakkatayam law. He receives an allowance from Government, in
compensation for the estate that belonged to his ancestors.
Residence. Malabar, Madras.
CHIRODA, DEVI SINGH, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
This Chief is of a Rajput (Hindu) family. His State contains an area of
about i square mile; with a population of 241, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Chiroda, Ka'thiclwa'r, Bombay.
CHITPAL SINGH (of Nurpur Chitpalgarh), Rdjd.
Born 7th August 1847; succeeded his father as Raja in 1852. The
title is hereditary, and was so recognised on 9th May 1866. The Raja
represents one of the chief families of the ancient Sombansi race, and is the
most direct descendant of the great Rajas of Partabgarh. The Raja Duniapat,
who possessed Partabgarh, was succeeded by his widow, the Thakurain Kusal
Kunwar, who adopted Shiuratan Singh of Karain and Tarwal. His son was
the Raja Dhir Singh of Chitpalgarh ; and the grandson of the latter is the
present Raja, who was educated at the Partabgarh High School, was appointed
to the Statutory Civil Service in 1881, and is now an Assistant Commissioner
in Oudh.
Residence. Partdbgarh, Oudh.
CHORANGLA, RAWAL RAMSINGHJI, Rdwal of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about the year 1846, of a Rajput (Hindu) family. His State
contains an area of nearly 4 square miles, and a population of about 1300,
chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Chorangla, Rewa" Kdntha, Bombay.
I02 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
CHOTA LAL SIJWAR, CJ.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1884.
CHOTA NAGPUR, Maharaja of.
See Pratap Udit Nath Sahai Deo, Mahdrdjd.
CHUIKADAN, Mahant of. See Kondka.
CHUMILAL, VENILAL, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Broach, Bombay.
CHURA, THAKUR BBCHARSINGHJI RAISINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born Qth February 1840; succeeded to the gadi ist January 1844; is
a scion of the Wadhwan family, being a Jhala Rajput, and thus connected in
race with the ruling Houses of Wankaner and Dhrangadra. The present
Thakur has a son and heir, named Kumar Madhavasinghji.
Residence. Chura, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
COCHIN, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA SIR VIRA KERALA
VARMA, K.C.I.E., Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1846 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1888. Belongs to a Hindu family
of pure Kshatriya blood, claiming descent (with the Royal House of Travan-
core) from the ancient Chiefs who ruled from Gokura in North Kanara to the
southernmost point of India. In the time of Haidar AH in Maisur, the Raja
of Cochin was tributary to that potentate; but in 1798 he signed a treaty,
acknowledging himself tributary to the British Power. The father of the
present Raja was His Highness the Raja Rama Varma, who was created a
Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India in 1871.
The armorial bearings of the family are a palanquin with umbrella, lamp, and
conch or chank-shell. The heir of His Highness the Raja is the Prince
Rama Varma, Elaya Raja, born 1852. The area of the State is 1361 square
miles ; its population about 600,000, chiefly Hindus, with about 33,000
Muhammadans and 136,000 Christians. His Highness maintains a military
force of 1 6 cavalry, 327 infantry, and 4 guns; and is entitled to a salute
(hereditary) of 17 guns.
Residence. Tripuntora, Ernakolam, Southern India.
COOCH BEHAR, Mahdrdjd of. See Kuch Behar.
CUTCH, His Highness the Rao of. See Kutch.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 103
DABHA, MIAN GULAB MIYAN, Mian of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 5th November 1837 ; succeeded to the gadi 27th July 1854. Is
one of the Gaekwar's tributaries. Belongs to a family claiming descent from
the Jhala Rajputs of Halwar in Kathiawar ; his ancestor, Hari Singhji, who
was in the service of Shah Mahmud Begara of Gujarat, became a Musalman
in 1483. His son and heir is Kunwar Motamiyan. The area of the State
is about 99 square miles; its population is 1922, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Da"bha, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
DABIR, Bhumia of. See Jamnia.
DABRI, THAKUR PARBAT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1878; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1885. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family.
Residence. Dabri, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
DAD MUHAMMAD KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Dadu Dero, Sind.
DADABHAI HORMUSJI DUBA, Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur received the title, as a personal distinction, on 2th
May 1892 in recognition of great public services.
Residence. B ombay .
DADABHAI PALANJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2ist April 1882.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
DADHALYA, THAKUR JASWANT SINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1830. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family that came originally
from Udaipur. His ancestor Vikaji was in the service of Kalyan Mai, Rao
of Idar, from whom he obtained the grant of Dadhalya in 1674 ; is tributary
to the Gaekwar and to Idar. The area of the State is 7 2 square miles ; its
population 3877, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Dadhalya, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
104 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DAFLAPUR, Chief of. See Jath.
DAJI GANGAJI RANG, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on loth April 1873.
Residence. B ombay.
DAJI GOVIND GUPTB, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 28th February 1883.
Residence. Thana, Bombay.
DAJI NILKANTH NAGARKAR, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
DAL CHAND (of Sahanpur), Rai.
Born October 1827. The title is hereditary. Is the representative of a
Jat family of ancient origin, who came from Jind in the middle of the
1 6th century. A scion of this family, named Muchh Padarath, founded
the town of Nagal on the Ganges ; and rising to high favour with Prince
Salim (afterwards the Emperor Jahangir) in the Court of the Emperor Akbar,
obtained a Dress of Honour, the title of Rai, and the grant of the territory
between Nagal and Barhapura. The Rai Tapraj Singh, grandfather of the
present Rai, was a man of great influence. The Rai has four sons Partab
Singh, Harbans Singh, Jagat Singh, and Bharat Singh.
Residence. Sahanpur, Bijnaur, North-Western Provinces.
DAL SINGH (of Nahil), Rao.
Born 1842; succeeded his father, Rao Jetsingh, in 1884. The title is
hereditary. Belongs to a family of Katehria Rajputs, claiming descent from
Rao Hari Singh, who, in the i6th century, settled in Gola Raipur on the
river Khanant. A farmdn of the Emperor Shah Jahan, dated 1645, con-
ferred the Zaminddri of Gola on Vikrama Singh, a descendant of Rao Hari
Singh, and subsequently the family removed to Nahil. They had many
struggles with the Pathans during the i7th and i8th centuries, in the
course of which, on one occasion, the Rao Gopal Singh, Katehria Thakur
of Nahil, was slain in an engagement, leaving only# widow and two infant
sons as the sole representatives of the family. Rao Jetsingh, father of the
present Rao, did good service in the Mutiny, defending the town of Pawayan
when the Maulavi Ahmadullah Shah besieged it in 1857 ; and he also supplied
provisions to the British forces on their arrival in the district. The Rao Dal
Singh has three sons Bechu Singh, Jagannath Singh, and Sardan Singh.
Residence. Ndhil, Shdhjahdnpur, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 105
DALIP SINGH, G.C.S.I., His Highness the Maharaja.
The title is personal. His Highness the Maharaja, who lives in Europe,
is the representative of the " Lion of the Punjab," the famous Maharaja
Ranjit Singh of Lahore, under whom the Sikh power rose to its highest
point.
Residence. Europe.
DALIP SINGH (of Kulu), Rai.
Born 1862. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family whose founder,
Sudh Singh, emigrated from Mayapuri to Kulu in the beginning of the
1 4th century, and established himself there, assuming the title of Raja.
His son, Raja Bahadur Singh, succeeded him, and greatly extended his
dominions by conquest. The family enjoyed independence up to the time
of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore, who wrested the country from the
Rai Jitsingh, the last independent Raja of Kulu, but bestowed the Wazir-i-
Rupi estate in Kulu on Rai Thakur Singh, a relative of Jitsingh's. This
grant, with the hereditary title of Rai, was confirmed by the British Govern-
ment by a sanad dated 24th October 1846. On his death Rai Thakur
Singh was succeeded by his son, Rai Gayan Singh, who was the father of
the present Rai.
Residence. Ka"ngra, Punjab.
DALISNA, THAKUR DAULAT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1857. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of
the State is 765.
Residence. Dalisna, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
DALPATRAM DAYABHAI, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, 6th June 1885.
Residence. B ombay .
DALPATRAM PRANJIVAN KHAKAR, Rao Saheb.
Born at Diu on ist November 1835. The title is personal, and was
conferred on i6th February 1887. Was educated at the Elphinstone College,
Bombay, where he took*high honours. Appointed to the Bombay Education
Service, 1859; greatly distinguished himself as Educational Inspector of Kutch,
as tutor to His Highness the Rao of Kutch, and in other ways. Has written
and edited many important works. Retired on pension in 1866; and in
1887 received the title in honour of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious
Majesty's reign. Is a Member of the Managing Committee of the Seth
Gokuldas Tejpal Charities, and a Trustee of the same ; also a Member of the
106 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, and other learned Societies. The
Rao Saheb married, 1859, Devkorbai, daughter of Meghji Jadavji, physician
of Bhaunagar, and has a son, Mazaulal, born nth November 1870. He is
a Brahma-Kshatriya by caste, and belongs to a family long settled in the
Portuguese dominions in Western India.
Residence. 10 Cowasji Patel's Tank Road, Bombay.
DAMARA KUMARA MADDU VBNKATAPPA NAYUDU
BAHADUR GARU (of Kalahasti), Rdjd. See Kalahasti.
DAMODAR DAS, Rai Bahadur.
An Honorary Magistrate of Bareilly. Granted the title, as a personal
distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Bareilly, North- Western Provinces.
DAMODAR NARAYAN, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. B ombay .
DANAKOTI MUDALIYAR, A., Rai Bahadur.
Born 1852. A landowner in Madras, and Member of the Madras
Municipal Commission, 1885. Granted the personal title of Rai Bahadur,
1887.
Residence. Madras.
DANAKOTI RAJU, W. B., Rao Bahadur.
Born 1839. M.D. of Madras; appointed a Fellow of the Madras
University, 1875. Granted the personal title of Rao Bahadur, 1889.
Residence. Madras.
DANTA, MAHARANA JASWANTSINGHJI HARISINGHJI,
Mahdrdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 4th October 1850; succeeded to the gadi ist December 1876.
Is tributary to the Gaekwar and to Idar. Belongs *to a very ancient family
of Pramara Rajputs, who are said to have come from Ujjain, and to have
settled in Sind in the year 809 A.D. The area of the State is 2300 square
miles; its population about 18,000. The Maharana maintains a military
force of 70 cavalry and 67 infantry.
Residence. Danta, Mahi Kdntha, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
107
DARBHANGA, MAHARAJA SIR LACHHMBSWAR SINGH
BAHADUR, K.C.I.B., Maharaja of.
One of the Premier Nobles of British India.
Born 1856; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 2oth October 1860.
In the great Bengal famine of 1873-74, the Maharaja expended nearly
.300,000 in charitable relief; and has
since then always taken the foremost
part in every public philanthropic work
in Bengal, and indeed in every part of
the Empire to which his vast revenues
have been largely devoted.
Belongs to an ancient Rajput
family, whose ancestor, Mahesh Thakur,
obtained the title of Raja, and the grant
of the Darbhanga Raj, from the Mughal
Emperor of Delhi, Akbar the Great,
early in the i6th century. Mahesh
Thakur died in the year 1558 A.D.,
leaving five sons Ram Chandra Thakur,
Gopal Thakur, Achit Thakur, Parmanand Thakur, and Subhankar Thakur.
Some of the elder sons succeeded in turn to the Raj, but they all died without
issue, and the family was continued in the line of the youngest son, the
Raja Subhankar Thakur. He died in 1607, leaving six sons. Of these
the eldest, Purushottam, succeeded to the Raj ; and on his death in
1642 was succeeded by his brother, Sundar Thakur. He held the Raj for
twenty years, and dying in 1662 was succeeded by his eldest son, Mahinath
Thakur. The latter died in 1684 without issue, and was succeeded by his
brother, Nirpat Thakur, who ruled till 1700 A.D., when he died, and was
succeeded by his son, the great Raja Raghu Singh. He obtained the con-
firmation of the hereditary title of Raja through the Nawab Mahabat Jang,
who was at that time Mughal Subahddr of Behar. He also obtained from
the Mughal Government the grant of the lease of the whole of the Sarkdr
Tirhut including the modern districts of Muzaffarpur and Darbhanga on
the payment to Government of an annual revenue of Rs. 1,00,000. The
enormous value, in those early times, of this grant may be gathered from the
fact that in 1685 A - D - tne revenue of Sarkdr Tirhut was officially returned
at Rs. 7, 6 9, 2 8 7. At one time, during the administration of the Raja Raghu
Singh, the Nawab Subahdar, jealous of the vast wealth accumulated by the
Raja, seized his property and carried off his family as prisoners to Patna, the
Raja himself only preserving his liberty by prompt flight. Subsequently,
however, he was restored to favour, and received large grants from the
Mughal Government, on condition that he should "do justice, relieve
distress, and put the country in a flourishing condition." These stipulations
have been liberally fulfilled by Raja Raghu's descendants and successors in
the Raj. This Raja built a large mud fort at Bhawara, near Madhubani, the
ruins of which still remain there, and the family resided there for the next
half-century. He died in 1736, and was succeeded by his son, the Raja
Bishnu Singh. The latter died without issue in 1740, and was succeeded by
his brother, the Raja Narendra Singh, who received large grants from the
Nawab Subahdar AH Vardi Khan, on condition of his engaging for the
io8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
revenue, and supporting the interests of the Mughal Government. The Raja
Narendra Singh died without issue in 1760; but he adopted Pratap Singh,
the great-great-grandson of Narayan Thakur, younger brother of the Raja
Sundar Thakur, and son of the Raja Subhankar Thakur mentioned above.
Raja Pratap Singh determed to remove the family residence from the fort of
Bhawara ; and he built a new Rajbari at Darbhanga, to which he removed
in 1762, and it has been the seat of the family ever since. Raja Pratap
Singh died in 1776, and was succeeded by his brother, the Raja Madhu
Singh. In that year the Raja received from Shah Alam, the Mughal
Emperor of Delhi, the grant of Dharmpur, in the district of Purniah. The
Raja Madhu Singh, during a long administration of thirty-two years, had
frequent disputes with the Calcutta Government in regard to the revenue
payments and the extent of his rights over the land. These disputes at one
time became so acute that the settlement was made with others ; but ulti-
mately he obtained from the Board of Revenue the restoration of his estates.
'The Raja Madhu Singh died in 1808, leaving five sons Kishan Singh, who
died without issue ; Chhatar Singh, who succeeded him, and three others.
Chhatar Singh is the first of the Darbhanga Rajas who is recorded to have
held the higher title of Maharaja Bahadur, though it is probable that it had
also been held by some at least of his ancestors. The Maharaja Chhatar
Singh, who succeeded to the gadi in 1808, lived till 1839; when, on the
ground of old age, he made over his estates and the title to his elder son,
Rudra Singh giving to his younger son, Bisdeo Singh, for maintenance, the
Raj villages in Jarail, four Bouses, two elephants, and apartments in the
Darbhanga Palace. He asked to have Rudra Singh's name entered in the
Bengal Revenue Roll, and died a few days afterwards. These arrangements
led to extensive litigation, as the younger son claimed a larger share of the
estates. Ultimately the High Court decided that the law of inheritance in
this family must follow the family custom, and not the ordinary Hindu law ;
and by the family custom (or Kuldchdr) the eldest son succeeds to the Raj,
the younger obtaining sufficient properties in land for their maintenance,
which lands (as under feudal tenure) revert to the Raj on failure of male
issue. The Maharaja Rudra Singh died in 1850, leaving four sons Mahesh-
war Singh (who succeeded him), Ganeshwar Singh, Nitreshwar Singh, and
Gopeshwar Singh. For ten years the Maharaja Maheshwar Singh held the
Raj. He died on 2oth October 1860, leaving two sons Lachhmeswar Singh
(who succeeded him, and is the present Maharaja Bahadur) and Rameshwar
Singh (who is now the Raja Rameshwar Singh Bahadur, q.v.)
The Maharaja Lachhmeswar Singh Bahadur of Darbhanga was under the
guardianship of the Court of Wards during his minority ; and had the great
advantage of having, as tutor, a very able and sympathetic English gentle-
man, Mr. Chester Macnaghten, whose capacity for this work was so marked
that he was afterwards selected by the Government for the Principalship of
the Rajkumar College at Rajkot, in Kathiawar, for the Princes and Chiefs of
Western India. Since the Maharaja attained his majority he has entirely
devoted himself to the public duties of his position as one of the greatest
Nobles of British India. He has long served as a Member of the Legislative
Council of the Viceroy, and taken a leading part in the debates of that body.
During the lengthened discussions on the important Bengal Tenancy Bill, he
acted (in conjunction at first with the lamented patriot, Kristodas Pal, and
subsequently with the Raja Piari Mohan Mukharji, C.S.I.) as the repre-
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 109
sentative of the landowners of Bengal and Behar ; and received the warm
recognition of the ability and moderation he brought to bear on this and
other questions from successive Viceroys. To the public at large he is best
known as one of the most munificent of living philanthropists. In addition
to the ^300,000 expended in charitable relief during the Bengal famine of
1873-74, in every time of scarcity the Maharaja's arrangements for meeting
it have been on a splendid scale, and have been in many cases the models
for the Government measures. He has built, and entirely supports, a first-
class Dispensary at Darbhanga, which cost ^"3400 ; a similar one at
Kharakpur, which cost ^3500; and largely contributes to many others.
He has built an Anglo-vernacular school at a cost of ^1490, which he
maintains, as well as nearly thirty vernacular schools of different grades ; and
subsidises a much larger number of educational institutions. He has con-
structed hundreds of miles of roads in various parts of the Raj, planting
them with tens of thousands of trees for the comfort of travellers. He has
constructed iron bridges over all the navigable rivers of the Raj, and completed
an elaborate system of irrigation-works, for prevention of famine. In carrying
out his duties as one of the largest landowners of India he has had the
advantage of the assistance of several very able English managers in succession,
specially selected with the approval of the Government including Colonel
Money of the Staff Corps, Mr. G. W. Llewhellin and Mr. Henry Bell, formerly
of the Bengal Civil Service. With the aid of these gentlemen and others,
the Darbhanga Raj has attained the proud position of being regarded as the
model for good and benevolent management. The Maharaja has devoted
special attention to all agricultural improvements, and especially to improve-
ments in the breeds of horses and cattle in Behar. He is a liberal patron of
the turf, and has been the owner of the largest and most valuable racing-stud
in India, under experienced English trainers ; and he is also a keen sportsman
and a first-rate whip, his jungles on the Nepal frontier affording some of the
best sport in the country. The new Palace at Darbhanga, with its immense
stables, its botanical and zoological gardens, and its many beautiful surround-
ings, is well known in England by the sketches that have appeared in the
London illustrated papers.
Most of the Maharaja of Darbhanga's munificence has been devoted to
objects of charity pure and simple, such as famine-relief medical aid, and
the like. But he has also contributed very largely to objects of general
public utility as, for instance, in the gift of Rs. 50,000 to the funds of the
Imperial Institute. In celebration of Her Majesty's Jubilee he remitted a
large portion of the rents of all his tenants for the year 1887. It has been
computed that since his succession to the Raj an aggregate sum of some-
thing like two millions sterling has been expended on charities, works of public
utility, and charitable remissions of rent.
On the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious
Majesty the Maharaja Bahadur was created a Knight Commander of the
Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire. The family cognisance is the
Gangetic dolphin or sacred fish of the Hindus. The Darbhanga Raj com-
prises large portions of the modern districts of Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur,
Monghyr, Purniah, and Bhagalpur. The capital, Darbhanga, is the civil
station of the district of the same name ; it is a large and thriving town, with
a population (by the census of 1881) of 65,955, chiefly Hindus.
Residence, Darbhanga, Tirhut, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DARGAHI LAL, Rai Bahadur,
Born 2 1 st November 1 8 1 6. The title is personal, and was conferred on
2nd January 1888, in recognition of eminent public services as a Municipal
Commissioner of Cawnpur since 1862, and an Honorary Magistrate since
1879. The Rai Bahadur is a Kayasth by caste, and is a native of Bilgram
in the Hardoi district ; but has practised as a Pleader at Cawnpur since
1842.
Residence. Cawnpur, North-Western Provinces.
DARIA KHBRI, THAKUR ONKAR SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1861; succeeded to the gadi 9th April 1888. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family ; the predecessor of the present Thakur was Thakur
Ranjit Singh. The area of the State is about 6 square miles ; its population
about 6 1 6.
Residence. Daria Kheri, Bhopa"!, Central India.
DARKUTI, RANA RAM SARAN SINGH, Rdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1843; succeeded to the gadi i5th October 1883. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, whose founder came from Marwar at an unknown
date and settled in the Simla Hills. Twenty-three generations bore rule ;
and the father of the present Chief was the Rana Ram Singh, who succeeded
to the gadi in 1856. The Gurkhas overran this State, with others in the
Simla Hills ; and when they were expelled by the British in 1815 the then
Rana was confirmed in possession. The area of the State is about 4 square
miles; its population 590, chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a military
force of 10 infantry.
Residence. Darkuti, Simla Hills, Punjab.
DARYA KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on xoth April 1867.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
DARYAO SINGH (of Ghat Piparia), Thdkur.
Born 1831. The title is hereditary, and was originally conferred by the
Mughal Emperors of Delhi. The ancestors of the Thakur obtained Ghat
Piparia in jdgir from the former Government of Sagar.
Residence. Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA in
DAS MAL, DIWAN, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on tne
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
DASPALLA, RAJA CHAITAN DEO BHANJ, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1854; succeeded to the gadi 2ist January 1873. Belongs to a
Kshatriya (Hindu) family, said to be of the Solar race ; descended from a
younger son of the Raja Narayan Bhanj of Bod (q.v.) The title of Raja has
been enjoyed by the head of the family since the time of the Mahrattas ; and
was formally conferred by the British Government, 2ist May 1874. The
cognisance of the family is a peacock with tail spread. The area of the
State, which is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals, is about 568 square miles ;
its population about 42,000, chiefly Hindus, but including about 13,000
Kandhs and other aboriginal tribesmen. The Raja maintains a force of 343
infantry and 8 guns.
Residence. Daspalla, Orissa, Bengal.
DATANA, THAKUR BHAWANI SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864; succeeded to the gadi loth December 1880. Belongs to
a Rajput (Hindu) family.
Residence. Datana, Western Malwa, Central India.
DATTIA, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA LOKINDAR
BHAWANI SINGH BAHADUR, Mahdrdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 3th August 1854; succeeded to the gadi 2oth November 1857.
Belongs to the great Bundela Rajput family descended from Bir Singh, who
took the clan name of Bundela, and settled in Bundelkhand in the i3th
century ; and from whom are descended the ruling families of Orchha, Dattia,
Panna, Ajaigarh, Charkhari, Bijawar, Sarila, etc. In the time of the
Emperors Akbar and Jahangir, the Maharaja Bir Singh Deo was ruler of
Orchha; and his second son, Bhagwan Rai, became ruler of Dattia. The
State came under British control, with other territories in Bundelkhand, by
the Treaty of Bassein, concluded with the Peshwa in 1802. The Raja
Parichhat of Dattia, whose first treaty with the British Government is dated
1804, sided with the British throughout the subsequent wars with the
Mahrattas; and was rewarded in 1817, on the deposition of the Peshwa, by
a new treaty and enlarged territories. His adopted son was the Raja Bijai
Bahadur of Dattia ; and the adopted son of the latter is the present Chief,
whose succession was disputed by Arjun Singh (an illegitimate son of the
Raja Bijai Bahadur), but was enforced by British troops. The ancient title
112 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
of the family was Maharaja Rao Raja. In 1865 the Government recognised
the title of Maharaja as hereditary ; and on ist January 1877, at the Imperial
Assemblage at Delhi, in honour of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India, the title of Lokindar was added. The motto
of the family is Wir dalap Sharandah (" Lord of the Brave Army, Giver of
Refuge"). The area of the State is about 836 square miles; its population
about 183,000, chiefly Hindus, but including some 9000 Muhammadans.
His Highness the Maharaja maintains a military force of 945 cavalry, 5203
infantry, and 124 guns; and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
Residence. Dattia, Bundelkhand, Central India.
DAULAT RAM, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1883.
Residence. Jalandhar, Punjab.
DAULAT SINGH (of Kaksis), Rdjd.
Born 2nd October 1830. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family
which is a branch of the Kachhwaha Rajput clan from Lahar, of Surajbansi
origin, claiming descent from Raja Dula Rai of Narwar. His son Indarpal
in the year 1033 A.D. came to Indarki and Lahar, and established a branch of
the family there, dispossessing the Meo clan. The eldest son of Raja Indarpal
was Raja Bawan Pal, who seized Rampur in 1241, and reigned there. The
fifth in descent from Bawan Pal was the Raja Aman Deo, who seized Kaksis
and all the neighbouring territory. His descendants suffered much from the
Bundela invasion in 1558; and subsequently from the exactions of the
Peshwa and Sindhia. The head of the family was confirmed in possession
of the estates that remained to him when the country came under British
control in 1841. The Raja has a son and heir, Raghunath Singh, aged
about thirty-four years.
Residence. Sikri, Pargana" Madhogarh, Jalaun, North- Western Provinces.
DAULATRAI SAMPATRAJ, MUNSHI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
DATA KISHAN, Rai.
Born 5th December 1842. The title is hereditary. Is the son of Rai
Hingan Lai, Kayasth, formerly Tahsildar of Dehra Dun ; who had a jdgir and
the honorary title of Deputy Magistrate and Collector conferred on him on
4th August 1858, for special services rendered to the Government during
the Mutiny in the Jaunpur district. The Rai has a son and heir named
Madan Makund, born 25th February 1865.
Residence. Jaunpur, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 113
DAYAL SINGH (of Majithia), Sarddr.
Born in 1848 A.D. The title is hereditary, derived originally from the
Sikh Government, and confirmed by the British Government. The family is
of the Shergil Jat tribe. The great-grandfather of Sardar Dayal Singh, who
was named Jodh Singh, was a feudal retainer of Sardar Amar Singh Baggah,
who possessed a large territory in the district now called Gurdaspur, and held
a considerable jdgir. He died in 1788. His only son, Sardar Desa Singh,
remained in the service of the Baggah Sardars till 1809. He entered the
service of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh on the reduction of the Baggah Sardars,
and accompanied the Maharaja in his famous expedition to Kangra. After
the expulsion of the Gurkhas he was appointed Governor of the Hill States.
He continued to perform - valuable service ; and with his son, Sardar Lahna
Singh, received extensive grants from Ranjit Singh. He died in 1832, and
was succeeded in all his estates and honours by Sardar Lahna Singh, father
of the present Sardar, who received charge of the hill territory between the
Ravi and the Sutlej. He proved a most capable Governor ; but on the rise
of Raja Hira Singh to power, he left the Punjab for a pilgrimage, to avoid
the enmity of Pandit Jalla. After the close of the Sutlej Campaign he
returned to Lahore at the invitation of the Council and the Resident, and
consented to join the Council. Subsequently, however, foreseeing further
troubles, he determined to leave the Punjab; and in January 1848 he left
for Benares, where he died. He was a skilful mechanist and an original
inventor ; and greatly improved the Sikh ordnance.
Residence. Majithia, Amritsar, Punjab.
DAYAL SINGH (of Vadala), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sialkot, Punjab.
DBBI PARSHAD, Rai.
The title is personal ; was originally conferred by Carnatic Nawab, and
recognised December 1890.
Residence. Hyderabad, Deccan.
DEBI PARSHAD, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Central Provinces.
DBBI SINGH (of Rajwara), Rao.
Born 1860. The title is hereditary, and has come down from ancient
times. The family is Bundela Rajput, and is a branch of that of the Rajas
of Chanderi.
Residence. Rajwdra, Lalitpur, North- Western Provinces.
114 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DBBI SINGH, CHAUDHEI (of Asaura), Rai Bahadur.
Born 4th September 1839. The title is personal ; and was conferred on
7th December 1888, for the Chaudhri's services in connection with the
improvement of agriculture.
Residence. Meerut, North-Western Provinces.
DEDHROTA, THAKUR PUNJAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850. Belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The area of the
State is about 10 square miles ; its population about noo.
Residence. Dedhrota, Mdhi Kcintha, Bombay.
DBLAN SINGH (of Kaimori), Rao.
Born 1851. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred
by Nizam Shah, Gond Raja of Mandla. Rao Anrudh Singh, the father of
Rao Delan Singh, rendered good service to the British Government during
the Mutiny of 1857.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
DEO, RAJA BHIKAM NARAYAN SINGH BAHADUR, Rdjd of.
Succeeded his father, the late Maharaja Sir Joy Prakash Singh Bahadur
of Deo, K. C.S.I., in 1881. Belongs to a Sesodiya Rajput family, and claims
to be descended from the ancestors of His Highness the Maharana of
Udaipur, through Raja Rai Bhan Singh Bahadur. The Raja Fatheh Narayan
Singh, in 1782, and again in 1804, was rewarded by Government for his
services with a grant of land and other honours. He was succeeded by his
son, Ganesam Singh, who in 1 8 1 6 was similarly rewarded with the grant of a
Zaminddri ; and the son of the latter, Babu Manti Bhan Singh, rendered
excellent service in the Kol insurrection of 1831. Manti Bhan Singh was
succeeded by his son, Joy Prakash Singh, who was conspicuous for his loyalty
and faithful services during the Mutiny in 1857 ; and for his laudable exer-
tions in keeping this part of the district in order, and in quelling the insurrec-
tion in the Chutia Nagpur division, he was at first honoured with the title of
Maharaja Bahadur, and then in 1866 created a Knight Commander of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. His only son is the present Raja
Bahadur.
Residence. Gya, Bengal.
DEO NANDAN SINGH, Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1891, "for his
high rank and position, and public spirit." Is a younger son of the late
Raja Raghu Nandan Singh, Raja of Sheohar, a brother of the late Raja Sheo
Nandan Singh Bahadur, and an uncle of the present Raja of Sheohar.
Residence. Sheohar, Muzaffarpur, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 115
DEO RAO VINAYAK, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Akola, Berar.
DEODAR, WAGHELA ANANDSINGH CHANDAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 843 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1888. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu)
family.
Residence. Deodar, Pdlanpur, Bombay.
I
DEODAR, WAGHELA DEWAJI CHANDAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1837; succeeded to the gadi in 1888. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family.
Residence. Deodar, Pdlanpur, Bombay.
DEODAR, WAGHELA GAMBHIR SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1834 ; succeeded to the gadi ist April 1890. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family.
Residence. Deodar, Pdlanpur, Bombay.
DEODAR, WAGHELA SARDAR SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1853 ; succeeded to the gadi ist April 1890. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family.
Residence. Deodar, Pdlanpur, Bombay.
DERBHAVTI, RAJA BHONRAO RATNU, Rdjdof.*
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1870. The Chief belongs to a Bhil (aboriginal) family. The State,
which is one of the Dang States in Khandesh, contains an area of about 76
square miles, and a population of nearly 5000, chiefly Bhils and Konknas
(aboriginal tribes).
Residence. Derbhavti, Khandesh, Bombay.
DEROL, THAKUR RAMSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1853. Belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The area of the
State is about 10 square miles; its population is 1224, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Derol, Mahi Kdntha, Bombay.
n6 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DBVALIA, Thdkur of. See Agar.
DBVBNDRA NATH MALLIK, Kumdr.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th July 1861 ; the Kumar
being the eldest son of the late Raja Rajendra Nath Mallik. The family
name is Sil ; but the hereditary title of Mallik having been granted by the
old Mughal Emperors, has been adopted as a family name. The family is
very ancient ; its pedigree for twenty generations is in existence, and its head
has long been reckoned the Dalapati or Chief of the Shuvarnavanik caste,
and of the Brahmans of that clan. The crest of the family is an oval star
enclosing a lion.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
DBVBNDRA NATH SAHAI DEO, Thdkur.
The title is hereditary, and was originally conferred by the Maharaja of
Chota Nagpur, and confirmed on 23rd December 1872. The family is a
younger branch of that of the Rajas of Chota Nagpur, and is said to be
descended from the pandrik nag or sacred Serpent ; its cognisance or
crest is a cobra with a human face under the expanded hood.
Residence. Lohdrdaga, Bengal.
DEWA SINGH (of Bahrain), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jdlandhar, Punjab.
DBWAS, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA KRISHNAJI RAO PUAR,
Rdjd of (Senior Branch).
"Bdbd Saheb."
A Ruling Chief.
Born November 1849 ; succeeded to the gadi i8th March 1861. Belongs,
with His Highness the Raja of Dewas of the Junior Branch (who is called
the " Dada Saheb "), to a Puar Rajput family, descended from a common
ancestor with the Raja of Dhar. The Raja Kaluji had two sons, Tukaji and
Jiwaji, and these sons received from Baji Rao Peshwa the grant of the Dewas
State in common the descendants of Raja Tukaji being known as the Senior
Branch or " Baba Saheb." Tukaji was succeeded by Krishnaji, and the latter
by Tukaji II., who adopted Rukmangad Rao, commonly known as Khasi
Saheb. He succeeded Tukaji II. in 1824; and, dying in 1860, was suc-
ceeded by his adopted son, the present Chief.
The two Rajas of Dewas, Senior Branch and Junior Branch (or Baba
Saheb and Dada Saheb), reside in different palaces in the same town of
Dewas ; but the rule of each Chief is distinct within his own limits. Both
Chiefs rendered good service during the Mutiny.
The area of the territories under the rule of the Baba Saheb is 155 square
miles; population about 73,940, chiefly Hindus, but including nearly 8000
Muhammadans. His Highness the Raja maintains a military force of 70
cavalry, 594 infantry, and 14 guns; and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
Residence. Dewds, Indore, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 117
DEWAS, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA NARAYAN RAO PUAR,
Rdjd of (Junior Branch).
"Dddd Saheb."
A Ruling Chief.
Born 2oth December 1860; succeeded to the gadi 8th August 1864.
Belongs, with His Highness the Raja of Dewas of the Senior Branch (who is
called the " Baba Saheb), to a Puar Rajput family, descended from a common
ancestor with the Raja of Dhar. The Raja Kaluji had two sons, Tukaji and
Jiwaji, and these sons received from Baji Rao Peshwa the grant of the Dewas
State in common the descendants of Raja Jiwaji being known as the Junior
Branch or "Dada Saheb." Jiwaji adopted Anand Rao Puar, who, in 1837,
adopted Haibat Rao, who succeeded him. The latter died in 1864 and was
succeeded by his son, the present Raja.
The two Rajas of Dewas, Senior Branch and Junior Branch (or Baba
Saheb and Dada Saheb), reside in different palaces in the same town of
Dewas, but the rule of each Chief is distinct within his own limits. Both*
Chiefs rendered good service during the Mutiny.
The area of the territories under the rule of the Dada Saheb is 134
square miles; population 68,222, chiefly Hindus,' but including nearly 7000
Muhammadans. His Highness the Raja maintains a military force of 79
cavalry, 166 infantry, and 6 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
Residence. Dews, Indore, Central India.
DEY, KANNY LALL, C.I.E., Rai Bahadur. See Kanhai Lai De.
DHABLA DHIR and KAKARKHERI, THAKUR CHAND
SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1836 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1871. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family. The State, which is in the Bhopal Agency, contains an
area of about 10 square miles, and an estimated population of about 1000,
chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Shujdwalpur, Bhopd.1, Central India.
DHABLA GHOSI, THAKUR GOPAL SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1820; succeeded to the gadi in 1854. The population of
his State (which is in the Bhopal Agency) is about 400, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Shujdwalpur, Bhopdl, Central India.
DHAKJI KASHINATHJI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Bombay.
ii8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DHAMASIA, THAKUR KALUBAWA, Thdkurof.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1834. Belongs to a Rajput (Muhammadan) family. The area of
the State is about 5 miles ; its population is chiefly Bhil (aborigines).
Residence. Dhamasia, Rewd Kantha, Bombay.
DHAMI, RANA FATBH SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1855; succeeded to the gadi 26th January 1870. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, whose founder, on the invasion of India by Shahab-
ud-din Ghori in the i4th century, fled from Rajpura in the Ambala dis-
trict, and conquered the territory of Dhami. The State was formerly a
feudatory of Bilaspur, but was made directly dependent on the British Power
on the expulsion of the Gurkhas by the latter in 1815. The sanad recognis-
jng the Rana is dated 4th September 1815. The present Rana succeeded
the Rana Govardhan Singh in 1870. The area of the State is 29 square
miles ; its population about 3300, chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a
military force of 60 infantry.
Residence. Dhami, Simla Hills, Punjab.
DHANJIBHAI FAKIRJI COMMODORE, Khan Bahadur.
Created a Khan Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Marri, Punjab.
DHANJISHA EDALJI MANA, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 29th June 1886.
Residence. Kardchi, Sind.
DHANJISHA HORMASJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Kathiawar, Bombay.
DHANPAT RAI, Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was recognised on 9th December 1864.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
DHANPAT RAI, Rat Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Peshawar, Punjab.
DHANPAT SINGH DUGAR (of Baluchar), Rai Bahadur.
Born 1841. The title is personal, and was conferred on i3th December
1866. The Rai Bahadur, son of the late Pratap Singh Dugar of the Oswal
caste, is a leading man among the Jains, and has founded many Dharmsalas
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 119
for the use .of his co-religionists in various parts of India, and published and
distributed the Jain sacred books. He is a banker and manufacturer, having
houses in most of the great cities of Bengal, and has been distinguished for
his liberality and public spirit. He has been twice married, and has three
sons Babu Ganpat Singh and Babu Narpat Singh by the first wife, and
Babu Maharaj Bahadur Singh by the second. Is an Honorary Magistrate.
The family emigrated about 150 years ago from Kishengarh in Rajputana,
and settled at Baluchar and Azimganj, in the district of Murshidabad,
Bengal.
Residence. Azimganj and Baluchar, Murshidabad, Bengal.
DHAR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA SIR ANAND RAO
PUAR, K.C.S.I., C.I.B., Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 8th April 1844; succeeded to the gadi 2ist November 1864.
Belongs (with their Highnesses the Rajas of Dewas, Senior and Junior
Branch) to the great Puar Rajput (Hindu) family, said to be descended from
the famous Hindu legendary heroes, King Vikramaditya and Raja Bhoj.
Raja Bhoj is said to have been the first Puar to come to Dhar. About the
year 1730 Anand Rao Puar, Raja of Dhar, was acknowledged by the Peshwa,
Baji Rao, to be the head of the Puars. One of the great historical Prin-
cesses of India, celebrated for her courage and abilities, and the determina-
tion with which she resisted the attacks of Sindhia and Holkdr, was the Rani
Mina Bai, widow of Anand Rao II., who was the great-grandson of his
namesake. The Rani was succeeded by her adopted son, Raja Ramchandra
Puar, who adopted Jeswant Rao, the half-brother of the present Raja. Raja
Jeswant Rao died in 1857, and the State was confiscated for rebellion
during the Mutiny, but it was restored in 1864 to the present Raja, who was
then a minor. The title of Viswas Rao (" Faithful ") is said to have been
conferred on this family by the Maharajas of Satara, as the descendants of
Sivaji and the heads of the Mahratta Empire, but it has not been recognised
in recent years. The area of the State is about 1740 square miles, and it
has many feudatories. The population is about 148,000, chiefly Hindus,
but including about 12,000 Muhammadans and about 19,000 aborigines.
The present Raja has been granted the title of Maharaja as a personal dis-
tinction, and created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1883 ; he had been created a Knight Commander of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India on ist January 1877, on tne occasion
of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. His
Highness maintains a military force of 367 cavalry, 1249 infantry, and 5
guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 5 guns.
Residence. Dhdr, Bhopawar, Central India.
DHARAM NARAYAN, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Ambala, Punjab.
120 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DHARAM NARAYAN PANDIT, C.I.E., Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i5th February 1860.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
DHARAM SINGH (of Bichuri), Sardar.
Born 1857. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat family, of Manjha,
Punjab. Sardar Dargaha Singh acquired considerable territory by conquest
in 1759 A.D., but his descendants were deprived of the largest portion of
their estates by the Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The grandson of the Sardar
Dargaha Singh was Sardar Dewa Singh, who was the father of the present
Sardar.
Residence. Bichuri, Jcilandhar, Punjab.
DHARAMPUR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARANA SHRI
NARAYANDEVJI RAMDEVJI, Rdjd of.
Born 3rd September 1840; succeeded to the gadi 2oth January 1860.
Belongs to the Solar race of Udaipur, and is consequently a Sesodiya Rajput.
His Highness's ancestors have borne the title of Maharana from time imme-
morial. They were the Rajas of the Surat district when the British first
came to the country, and have always been recognised by the Paramount
Power. His Highness has four sons Shri Dharamdevji, Shri Mohandevji,
Shri Haridevji, and Shri Baldevji. His banner bears a golden-yellow sun in
the centre of the field, in virtue of his descent from " the Sun of the Hindus,"
the Udaipur Chief. Has two grandsons, also several daughters and grand-
daughters ; and has received a sanad guaranteeing him the privilege of adop-
tion. The area of the State is 794 square miles; its population about
102,000, chiefly Hindus. His Highness maintains a military force of 40
cavalry, 171 infantry, and 4 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Dharampur, Surat, Bombay.
DHARMA RAO NAYADU, R., Rao Bahddur.
Born 1857; appointed Deputy Collector in 1869; Assistant Commis-
sioner of Salt Revenue in 1880; granted the personal title of Rao Bahadur
in 1890.
Residence. Cocanada, GodaVari District, Madras.
DHARMRAJ KUNWAR (of Parhat and Rajabazar), Rdni.
Born 1854; succeeded her late husband, the Raja Mahesh Narayan of
Rajabazar, on nth October 1878. The family are Raghubansi Rajputs,
whose founder came from Kaliangarh Sawain, and acquired the territories of
Rajabazar. The neighbouring Rajas conferred the title of Raja by tilak
some 200 or 300 years ago, and the late Raja was the seventh who had
borne the title. He was Raja of Parhat, in the district of Partabgarh, Oudh,
as well as of Rajabazar ; and was an Honorary Magistrate both in Oudh and
in the North- Western Provinces.
Residence. Ra"ja"baza>, Garwdra, Jaunpur District, North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 121
DHARNANDA, THAKUR BHIM SINGH,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859 ; succeeded to the gadi in December
1887. Belongs to a Chauhan Rajput (Hindu)
family, descended from Thakur Chhatar Sal, who
was recognised by the British Government in
I8 43- The population of the State is about
in the seal and for signature. 5OOO, chiefly Hindus.
(A circle with four Trisulas or _, . , _.. ._,.. _,
Tridents as radii at the car- Residence. Dharnanda, Gwalior, Central India.
dinal points.)
DHARUP SINGH, Rao Saheb.
The title is hereditary. The ancestor of this family, Rao Kehari Singh,
did good service with Sultan Muhammad, Nawab of Rahatgarh, in return for
which he received the title and considerable grants. The father of the
present Rao Saheb was the Rao Jag Raj Singh.
Residence. Sgar, Central Provinces.
DHAUKAL PARSHAD, MUNSHI, Rai Bahadur.
Born 27th February 1828. The title is personal, and was conferred on
2nd January 1888. Belongs to a Kanungo family of Pargand Karsoli, and
rendered good service to Government during the Mutiny. Is an Honorary
Magistrate.
Residence. Mainpuri, North- Western Provinces.
DHBNKANAL, RAJA SURA PRATAP MAHINDRA
BAHADUR, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1884; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 2Qth August 1885.
The family are Kshatriya Hindus, and were anciently feudatories of the
old Rajas of Orissa ; said to have been founded by Harihar Samant Singhar,
who established himself in Dhenkanal after killing the aboriginal Raja
Dhenka, from whom the State derives its modern name. The titles of
Samant, Singhar ; Brahmarbar were conferred on the family by the old Rajas
of Orissa. Subsequently the title of Mahindra Bahadur was conferred by
the Mahrattas, who also recognised the title of Raja, which finally was con-
ferred on the predecessor of the present Chief by the Government of India
in 1874. The family crest and seal is the minaketana, a flag bearing the
emblem of the sacred fish. The area of the State, which is one of the
Orissa Tributary Mahals, is 1463 square miles; its population about 208,316,
chiefly Hindus, but including about 80,000 Savars and other aboriginal
tribesmen. The Raja maintains a military force of 343 infantry and 8 guns.
Residence. Dhenkanal, Orissa, Bengal.
DHIRAJ KARAN, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January
1893.
Residence. Monghyr, Bengal.
122 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DHOLPUR, His Highness the Mahdrdj Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1862 ; succeeded to the gadt as a minor 9th February 1873. The
full titles of this Chief are Major His Highness Rais-ud-daula" Sipahdar-ul-
Mulk, Maharaj-Adhiraj Sri Sawai Maharaj Rana Nihal Singh, Lokindar Baha-
dur, Diler Jang, Jai Deo. Belongs to a Jat (Hindu) family, which traces its
pedigree back to the nth century, when it held lands under the Puar Kings
of Delhi. In later times it acquired territory on the banks of the Chambal,
and was powerful in the i8th century, when the Rana of Gohad, ancestor of
the present Maharaj Rana, joined the British troops in the Mahratta war in
1779. The title of Rana had been recognised by the Emperor Sikandar
Lodi of Delhi, but in 1779 the British recognised the Rana as Maharaj
Rana. ' In 1805 Lord Cornwallis granted Gohad to Sindhia, and in exchange
granted to the Maharaj Rana Kirat Singh (ancestor of the present Chief) the
territories of Dholpur, Bari, and Rajakhera. Kirat Singh was succeeded by
Bhagwant Singh, who showed great loyalty during the Mutiny of 1857, and
was created a Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of
India. His son married a daughter of the late Raja of Patiala, but died
before his father, leaving a son and heir, the present Maharaj Rana, who
succeeded his grandfather in 1873. The area of the State is 1200 square
miles; its population about 250,000, chiefly Hindus, but including 18,000
Muhammadans and 2500 Jains. The Maharaj Rana maintains a military
force of 139 cavalry, 1588 infantry, and 32 guns. His Highness is an
Honorary Major in the British army, and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
The family colour was azure, but in an encounter towards the end of the last
century the then Chief captured from the Thakurs of Bamraoli a golden-
yellow flag, with a figure of Hanuman (the monkey-god) in the centre of the
field, and this has been subsequently adopted as the family cognisance.
Arms. Or, a " Hanuma"n " gules, on a chief azure a sword between two
towers or. Supporters. Two Rajput warriors in full armour. Crest.
A " Narsinghji " (man-lion) proper. Motto. Mitra Mitra, Amitra Amitra
(" Sure friend, sure foe.")
Residence. Dholpur, Rajputdna.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 123
DHRANGADRA, HIS HIGHNESS SIR MANSINGHJI
RANMALSINGHJI, K.C.S.I., Raj Saheb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born nth January 1837 ; succeeded to the gadi on the death of his
father, His late Highness the Raj Saheb Ranmalsinghji, K.C.S.I., on 28th
October 1869. Is the head of the Jhala Rajputs, and the Chief of this
family has consequently long held the title of Raj Saheb, while the title of
" Maharana " is commonly used by the Jhala clansmen of their chief, and it
is also commonly used as the vernacular equivalent of " His Highness," the
title conferred by the Queen Empress. The Jhala Rajputs are said to have
entered Kathiawar from Sind in the 8th century A.D., and the founder of this
dynasty is stated to have been Harapal Devji, who obtained from the
Solankhi Rajput Chief of Patan the grant of the district subsequently known
as Jhalawar in Kathiawar. It may be noted that the State of Jhalawar in
Rajputana was founded in the beginning of the i8th century A.D. by Jhala
emigrants from Kathiawar. His Highness's ancestors from whom also
descend the Chiefs of Wankaner, Limri, Wadhwan, Chura, Sayla, ano! Than-
Lakhtar were settled first at Patri in Ahmadabad; then at Halwad in
Kathiawar; and finally at Dhrangadra. Sir Mansinghji has been dis-
tinguished for the enlightened character of his administration, especially in
the matters of public instruction and internal communications. He has
established an efficient girls' school at Dhrangadra, and many good schools
throughout the State ; and has constructed many good roads, and other
public works. To commemorate the visit of His Royal Highness the Duke
of Edinburgh to Bombay in 1870 His Highness contributed a large sum
towards the erection of a Dharmsdla at Rajkot ; and his loyalty was still
more conspicuously displayed on the occasion of the landing of His Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales at Bombay in 1875, which was celebrated by
the erection and endowment of the Albert Edward Hospital at Dhrangadra.
His Highness was prevented by serious illness from attending the Imperial
Assemblage at Delhi on the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India, but he was on that occasion created a Knight Com-
mander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, and received the
addition of four guns to his salute as a personal distinction. When he was
presented with the insignia of the Star of India, at the same time as His
Highness the Jam of Nauanagar, the Political Agent, speaking for the
Government, said : " His Highness the Raj Saheb of Dhrangadra commands
respect as the head, both of the Jhala tribe and of a ruling house second to
none in domestic virtue. He now accedes to the honours enjoyed by his
father, Sir Ranmalsinghji, the worthy son of a worthy sire. The decorations
granted to these princes are the natural ornaments of exalted hereditary rank."
Much sympathy was felt for His Highness when, in 1879, he lost his eldest
son and heir, the late Rajkumar Jaswantsinghji, whose son (the grandson of
the present Chief) is now the heir-apparent to ' the gadi. The area of the
State is 1156 square miles; its population about 100,000, chiefly Hindus,
but including about 6000 Muhammadans. The Raj Saheb maintains a
military force of 103 cavalry, 470 infantry, and 9 guns; and is entitled to a
salute of 15 guns.
Residence. Dhra"ngadra, Ka"thia"wa"r.
I2 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DHROL, THAKUR SAHBB HARISINGHJI JAISINGHJI,
Thdkur Saheb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1846; succeeded his father, the late Thakur Saheb Jesinghji, 26th
October 1886. Is a Jareja Rajput, descended from a brother of Jam Rawal,
the first Jam of Nauanagar, who founded that State in 1542 A.D; and the
family is also the same as that of His Highness the Maharao Raja of Kutch.
The area of the State is about 283 square miles; its population is about
22,000, chiefly Hindus, but including nearly 3000 Muhammadans. The
Thakur Saheb maintains a military force of 25 cavalry, 285 infantry, and 6
guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Dhrol, Kdthia'wa'r, Bombay.
DHULATIA, THAKUR FATBH SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1866 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1872. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family.
Residence. Dhulatia, Western Malwa", Central India.
DHURWAI, DIWAN RANJOR SINGH, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1833 ; succeeded to the gadi i4th January 1851. Belongs
to a Bundela Rajput (Hindu) family, descended from the Raja Bir Singh Deo
of Orchha. The area of the State, which is one of the Hashtbhai jdgirs^ is
about 1 8 square miles; its population is about 1600, chiefly Hindus. The
Jagirdar maintains a military force of 10 cavalry, 100 infantry, and 3 guns.
Residence. Dhurwai, Bundelkhand, Central India.
DILAWAR SINGH (of Tilokpur), Midn.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Ka"ngra, Punjab.
DINA NATH, PANDIT, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for eminent
service in the Police.
Residence. Central Provinces.
DINABANDHU NYAYARATNA, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887 for
eminence in oriental learning, on the occasion of the Jubilee of Her
Majesty's reign. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar immediately after
titular Rajas.
Residence. Konnagar, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 125
DINANATH GHOSH, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on nth December 1884.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
DINENDRA NARAYAN RAI, Kumdr.
Honorary Magistrate and Municipal Commissioner of Calcutta. Granted
the title of Kumar, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Calcutta.
DINKAR RAO, SIR, K.C.S.I., Rdjd Mushir-i-Khas Bahddur.
Born 1819. The title is hereditary. The Raja comes of an ancient
Dakhani family of the Bombay Presidency, but usually resides in Agra,
Cawnpur, or Benares, in the North -Western Provinces. Was Minister of
His late Highness the Maharaja Sindhia of Gwalior till 1859 : subsequently
became Superintendent of the Dholpur State, and was a Member of the
Baroda Commission. The Raja was created in 1866 a Knight Commander
of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. At the Imperial Assemblage
at Delhi, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty
as Empress of India, he received the title of Raja Mushir-i-Khas Bahadur as
a personal distinction, and on 28th August 1884 this was declared hereditary.
His son and heir is named Raghunath Rao Dinkar, born 4th August 1858.
Residence. Agra, North- Western Provinces.
DINSHA DOSABHAI KHAMBATTA, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th August 1881.
Residence. Disa, Bombay.
DIWAN CHAND, RaL
Born 1835. The only son of Diwan Ganpat Rai; who was in favour
with the Maharaja Ranjit Singh, appointed by him tutor of his grandson, and
rewarded by the grant of a jdgir and the appointment of Hazurnavis.
Descended from a family whose ancestor, Gaggan Mai, was distinguished, in
the time of the Emperor Akbar, as the founder of Ghartal in Sialkot, and
obtained the title of Malik. His grandsons, Diwan Ramji Mai and Shamji
Mai, earned the title of Diwan in the time of the Emperor Aurangzeb ; Ramji
Mai was appointed Hazurnavis, and Shamji obtained a command in the
Kabul army. The family left Ghartal for Jammu, and subsequently for Dera
Nanak ; but Diwan Nand Gopal, the grandfather of Rai Diwan Chand,
returned to the ancestral home. His son was Diwan Ganpat Rai mentioned
above, who was appointed by the Maharaja Sher Singh officer in charge of
the magazines. He was a brave soldier, and fought in the battles of Pesha-
war, Multan, and Dera Ismail Khan; and throughout the rebellions of 1847
and 1848 attached himself to the British Resident. The Rai Diwan Chand
was for some time Tahsildar of Roras in Wazirabad ; has subsequently been
an able and successful journalist and author, as well as distinguished in
126 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
municipal and university work, and is Vice-President of the Punjab Press
Association. Received the title on 24th May 1889. Has two sons, Munshi
Brij Lai and Munshi Gayan Chand.
Residence. Sidlkot, Punjab.
DIWAN MUHAMMAD, SAYYID, Khan Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for eminent
services in the post of Mir Munshi of the British Agency at Kabul.
Residence. Kharar, Ambala, Punjab.
DODA KHAN, Mulk.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. S ind .
DOSABHAI FRAMJI KARAKA, C.S.I.
A distinguished citizen and official of Bombay, late Collector of Bombay
and Chairman of the Justices. Created a Companion of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India.
DOSABHAI PBSTANJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Surat, B ombay .
DOST ALI KHAN walad AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being descended from one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
DOST ALI KHAN, Nawdb.
The title is personal.
Residence. Tajpur, Sind.
DOST MUHAMMAD walad WALIDAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being descended from one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shika"rpur, Sind.
DOTRIA. See Bhaisola.
DRUG SINGH (of Sarekha), Thdkur.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary ; and is stated to have been originally
conferred by the Gond Rajas, Harade Shah and Nizam Shah of Mandla.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 127
The family is Gond (aboriginal), and is descended from Thakur Bhik Rai ;
whose grandson, Thakur Ranju Singh, was father of Thakur Prithi Singh, and
grandfather of the present Thakur. Thakur Drug Singh has three sons
Thakur Jai Singh, Deo Singh, and Sardar Singh.
< Residence. Seoni, Central Provinces.
DUDHPUB, THAKUR ANUPBAWA DADABAWA, Thakur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1878; succeeded to \hegadi i8th November 1888. Belongs to
a Rajput (Muhammadan) family.
Residence. Dudhpur, Rewd Kdntha, Bombay.
DUGRI, MIAN KHUDA BAKSH, Mian of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born about 1854 ; succeeded to the gadi 5th December 1883. Belongs
to a Pindari (Muhammadan) family.
Residence. Dugri, Bhopdl, Central India.
DUJANA, JALAL-UD-DAULA NAWAB MUHAMMAD MUM-
TAZ ALI KHAN BAHADUR MUSTAKIL, JANG, Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864 ; succeeded to the gadi i5th October 1879, on tne death of
the late Nawab Muhammad Saadat AH Khan. The Nawab belongs to an
Afghan (Muhammadan) family ; whose founder, Abdus Samand Khan, with
his sons, obtained the grant of large estates from Lord Lake as a reward for
service rendered. The tenure was made hereditary, and other territories
added, by a sanad dated 4th May 1806. The Nawab Abdus Samand Khan
was succeeded by his son Dunde Khan, and he by the Nawab Hasan AH
Khan, who was the father of the late Nawab Muhammad Saadat AH Khan.
The area of the State is 89 square miles; its population 23,416, chiefly
Hindus, but including nearly 6000 Muhammadans. The Nawab maintains
a military force of 25 cavalry and 140 infantry.
Residence. Dujdna, Rohtak, Punjab.
DULAM SINGH (of Piparia), Thakur.
Born 1850. The title is hereditary. The Thakur is a grandson of
Thakur Ananta Singh, who was a brother of Thakur Prithi Singh, the father
of Thakur Drug Singh of Sarekha (see above). The title was originally
derived from the Gond Rajas of Mandla.
Residence.- Seoni, Central Provinces.
DUMRAON, MAHARAJA SIR RADHA PRASAD SINGH
BAHADUR, K.O.I.B., Mahdrdjd of.
Born i4th August 1841. Belongs to an ancient Kshatriya (Hindu)
family, claiming descent from the Raja Vikramaditya of Malwa, through the
Raja Bhoj Singh, who founded the ancient Hindu city of Bhojpur, the ruins
128 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
of which are distant about one mile from Dumraon, in the district of Shah-
abad. One of the descendants of Raja Bhoj Singh was Narayan Mai, on
whom it is said that the Mughal Emperor Jahangir conferred the title of
Raja in the year 1604 A.D. ; and his son, grandson, and great-grandson in
turn received the same title. The last-named was the Raja Haril Singh, who
in the year 1720 A. D. received from the Emperor Muhammad Shah the title of
Raja, extensive grants of land, and the command of 1000 infantry and 800
cavalry. His son was the Raja Chhatardhari Singh, who also obtained the
same title and further grants from the Emperor Muhammad Shah in 1746
A.D. Chhatardhari's son was the Raja Vikramaditya Singh, who received his
title in 1771 A.D. from the Emperor Shah Alam, and subsequently obtained
a confirmation thereof and sundry grants from the British Government. His
son, Jai Prakas Singh, seems to have obtained the title of Maharaja from the
Marquess of Hastings in 1 8 1 6. He was succeeded by his grandson, Janaki
Prasad Singh, who died whilst a minor ; and the latter in turn was followed
by his uncle, the late Maharaja Maheshwar Bakhsh Singh (father of the
present Maharaja), who was a younger son of the Raja Jai Prakas Singh,
born 2oth October 1803, and succeeded to the Raj in 1844. The Maharaja
Maheshwar Bakhsh Singh took a leading part in the reception of His Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales ; and was honoured with the gift of a portrait-
medal from His Royal Highness, and a letter of acknowledgment of his
services. He was reported to stand conspicuous for his loyalty and liberality
on all occasions, and was created a Knight Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India. Dying in 1881, he was succeeded by his son,
the present Maharaja Radha Prasad Singh Bahadur. The latter had been
created a Raja during the lifetime of his father, for good service rendered
during the great famine of 1873-74; and he had also been honoured by
receiving a portrait-medal from His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales,
and a letter of acknowledgment for services rendered in the reception of His
Royal Highness. On succeeding his father he received the title of Maharaja
Bahadur as a personal distinction, i3th January 1882.
Residence. Dumraon, Shdhabad, Bengal.
DUN, MATING-, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890. It means
" Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the letters
T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Katha, B urma.
DUNJ SHBTAN (of Spiti), Nona of Spiti.
The title is hereditary, the Nono being the descendant of the Tibetan
Chiefs, formerly feudatories of Ladakh in Tibet. Since the conclusion of
the first Sikh war in 1846, Spiti has been an outlying subdivision of the
Himalayan district of Kangra, Punjab ; and is administered by British
officials with the aid of the Nono, who is an Honorary Magistrate. The
population of the valley which is covered by deep snow every year from
December to April is hardly 3000, almost entirely Tibetan in race.
Residence. Spiti, Kdngra, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 129
DUNGARPUR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAWAL UDAI SINGH
BAHADUR, Mahdrdwal of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 22nd May 1839 ; succeeded to the gadi 28th September 1846.
Is a Sesodia Rajput, descended from a branch of the ruling family of
Udaipur, the " Sun of the Hindus." The Maharawals of Dungarpur were
ributary, from time to time, to the Mughal Emperors of Delhi and to the
Mahrattas ; from whom they were finally rescued by the British Power,
a treaty being concluded in 1 8 1 8. The Bhils were reduced to submission ;
and in 1825 the Maharawal Jaswant Singh, being found incompetent, was
deposed by the Government, and his adopted son Dalpat Singh, second son
of the Chief of Partabgarh, appointed to succeed. Subsequently the
Maharawal Dalpat Singh succeeded to the gadi of Partabgarh ; so the British
Government permitted him to adopt the present Maharawal (then a minor)
to succeed him in Dungarpur. The Maharawal has a son and heir, the
Maharaj Kunwar Khuman Singh. The distinctive family colour is red.
The area of the State is about 1000 square miles; its population about
154,000, chiefly Hindus, but including 3609 Muhammadans and 67,000
Bhils (aborigines). His Highness the Maharawal maintains a military force
of 251 cavalry, 535 infantry, and 8 guns; and is entitled to a salute of
15 guns.
Residence. Dungarpur, Rdjputdna.
DUR MUHAMMAD KHAN, KHAGWANI, Bahadur
The title is personal, and was conferred on nth March 1859.
Residence. Dera Ismail KMn, Punjab.
DURGA CHARAN LAHA, C.I.B., Maharaja.
Born 23rd November 1822. The title is personal, and was conferred
on 3oth May 1891. The Maharaja, whose family name is more commonly
spelt " Law," was born at Chinsurah ; educated at the Hindu College,
Calcutta ; senior partner of the firm of Messrs. Prawn Kissen Law and
Company, and a Zamindar ; appointed Justice of the Peace and Honorary
Presidency Magistrate ; first native Member of the Port Commission ;
Member of the Bengal Legislative Council 1874 ; a Member of the Senate
of the Calcutta University; elected a Governor of the Mayo Hospital nth
April 1878; Member of the Imperial Legislative Council 1882; Commis-
sioner for the Reduction of Public Debt February 1882; Sheriff 1882 ;
made a Companion of the Indian Empire 24th May 1884 ; President of the
British Indian Association in 1885 and 1888; the title of Raja was con-
ferred in 1887; again appointed a Member of the, Imperial Legislative
Council 1888 ; the title of Maharaja conferred in 1891 ; and exempted from
personal attendance in Civil Courts 27th January 1892. The Maharaja has
two sons the Maharaj-Kumar Kristo Dass Law, born 24th February 1849;
and Maharaj-Kumar Rishee Kesh Law, born 4th May 1852, both Honorary
Presidency Magistrates.
Residence. 2 Cornwallis Street, Calcutta.
K
130 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
DURGA GATI BANARJI, Rai Bahadur.
Is a distinguished member of the Uncovenanted Civil Service. Obtained
the title on ist January 1891, "for good work as Personal Assistant to the
Commissioners of the Patna and Presidency Divisions, and as Collector of
Stamp Revenue and Superintendent of Excise Revenue, Calcutta."
Residence. C alcutta.
DURGA PARSHAD, Rai Bahadur.
Born 8th September 1827. The title was conferred on ist January 1885,
as a personal distinction. Belongs to a family which came originally from
Kanauj in the Farrukhabad district and settled in Bareli. Educated at Bareli ;
appointed to the Education Service in 1852, in which he served with great
distinction, and was made Inspector of Schools of the Western Circle of Oudh
in 1870. At the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi on ist January 1877, on
the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress
of India, received a Silver Medal and a Certificate of Honour. In 1883
appointed Inspector of Schools for Rohilkhand, and retired on pension in
1885. Is an Honorary Magistrate, and has filled many important public
positions. The Rai Bahadur has three sons Kunwar Kanhia Lai, born
1850; Kunwar Lai Bahadur, born 1863; Kunwar Jagdamba Prasad,
born 1870.
Residence. Bareli, North- Western Provinces.
DURGA PARSHAD, Rai Bahadur.
Born gth October 1843. The title was conferred on 29th May 1886, as
a personal distinction. Belongs to a family that came originally from Lahore
and settled at Benares, purchasing estates in various districts. His grand-
father was Kanhaiya Lai, who was treasurer of Gorakhpur 1802-14. Was
appointed an Honorary Magistrate in 1871, and has rendered good service
in that capacity. Received a Certificate of Honour at the Imperial Assem-
blage of Delhi on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of
Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India ; and in 1879 was presented
with a khilat in recognition of his services in the famine of 1876-77. Is a
Member of the Legislative Council of the North- Western Provinces.
Residence. Gordkhpur, North-Western Provinces.
DURGA PRASAD, PANDIT, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title was conferred, as a personal distinction, on the 25th May 1892,
in recognition of his eminence as an oriental scholar. It entitles him to take
rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Jaipur, Ra"jputa"na.
DURGA PRASHAD GHOSH, Rai Bahadur.
The title was conferred on ist January 1878, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Hugli, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 131
DURJAN SINGH (of Patehpur), Rdjd.
Born 22nd July 1837. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Raj Gond
family that claims an antiquity of more than 900 years, the tradition being
that the jdgir of Fatehpur was granted to their ancestors in 939 A. D. A
sanad of the Raja Kamal Nain, Gond Raja of Mandla, dated 1500 A.D., is
still in existence, conferring or confirming thisjdgir.
Residence. Hoshangabad, Central Provinces.
DWARIKA NATH MUKHARJI, Rai Bahddur.
Born in February 1831. The title was conferred on i5th March 1882,
as a personal distinction. Belongs to a Kulin Brahman family of high caste,
descended from the famous Kamdev Pandit. Educated at the Nizamat
College; Murshidabad. Appointed to the Public Works Department in 1849 >
and from 1856 to 1889 executed many very important works in Fort
William and elsewhere. Rendered valuable service during the Mutiny of
1857; retired on pension August 1889. His grandfather, Navakisor
Mukharji, was in the service of the late King of Oudh ; and his father, the
Diwan Radhanath Mukharji, was in the Public Works Department, and
became Diwan to Her Highness the Nawab Bhao Begam. Has a son and
heir, Babu Devendranath Mukharji.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
DWARKA TBWARI, SUBAHDAR, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Nepa"l.
BDALJI PBSTANJI, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th February 1875.
Residence. Mhow, Central India.
ELAYA RAJA, The. See Travancore, Mahdrdjd of;
also see Cochin, Rdjd of.
FAGHFUR MIRZA, Mirza Bahddur.
Is the son-in-law of the late Wajid Ali Shah, King of Oudh. Son of
Nawab Mumtaz-ud-daula, son of Asghar Ali Khan, eldest son of Muhammad
Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. On the death of the latter he was succeeded
by his second son, Amjad Ali Shah, though the Nawab Mumtaz-ud-daula,
the son of the eldest son, was alive. Mumtaz-ud-daula married Zinat-un-
Nissa, the daughter of Malika Zamani, one of the consorts of Nasir-ud-din
Haidar, second king.
Residence. Oudh.
132 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
PAIZ ALI KHAN BAHADUR (of Kotah), NAWAB SIR,
K.C.S.I.
The Nawab Bahadur was created a Knight Commander of the Most
Exalted Order of the Star of India, 3ist December 1875.
Residence. Kotah, Rajputdna.
FAIZ MUHAMMAD KAZI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i2th April 1876.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
PAIZ-ULLA KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on loth July 1878.
Residence. Jodhpur, Rajputana.
FAIZ-UN-NISA, CHAUDHRAIN, Nawdb Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Tipperah, B engal.
PAKHR-UD-DIN HAIDAR ALI KHAN, SAYYID, Nawdb
Intikhab-ud-dauld.
Is a grandson of the late Wajid Ali Shah, King of Oudh, being the son
of the Nawab Azmat-ud-daula, who married one of the King's daughters.
The title was granted to Azmat-ud-daula by King Wajid Ali Shah in 1849.
Residence. O udh.
PAKIRJI JIWAJI, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3rd February 1882.
Residence. Bombay.
PARDANJI PBSTANJI, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October 1874.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
PARID-UD-DIN, MAULAVI, SAYYID, Khdn Bahadur.
Born September 1827. The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th
February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most
Gracious Majesty, for distinguished service as a Judge. The family traces its
descent from Sayyid Abdul Khair, of Khursan, who settled in Kara, district
Allahabad, in the year 1300. The Khan Bahadur's ancestors received muafi
grants from the Mughal Emperors for their ability and learning.
Residence. Agra, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 133
PARIDKOT, His Highness the Rdjd Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1842 ; succeeded to ft& gadi 22nd April 1874. His full titles are
His Highness Farzand-i-Saadat-i-Nishan-i-Hazrat-i-Kaisar-i-Hind Barar Bans
Raja Bikram Singh Bahadur, Raja Bahadur of Faridkot. Is the head of the
Barar Jat tribe of Sikhs, the family tracing their origin from Barar, seventeenth
in descent from Jesal, the founder of the Jesalmir State, and the ancestor of
the Sidhu and other illustrious Jat clans. A descendant of Barar's, named
Ballan, rose to eminence in the time of the Emperor Akbar. His nephew
built Kot-Kapura, a fort about six miles south of the town of Faridkot ; and
a descendant named Sardar Hamir Singh became independent Chief of
Faridkot in 1782. In 1808 Faridkot submitted to the Maharaja Ranjit
Singh, and the territory was granted to Diwan Mokam Chand, the Lahore
General. But when in 1808-9 the British Government demanded from the
Maharaja the surrender of his conquests on the left bank of the Sutlej,
Faridkot was given back to its ancient possessors; and in 1845, when the
first Sikh war broke out, the Sardar Pahar Singh of Faridkot attached him-
self to the English, using his utmost exertions to collect supplies and carriage,
and furnishing guides for the army. Pahar Singh received as his reward the
title of Raja, together with half the territory confiscated from the Raja of
Nabha, and in this obtained possession once more of Kot-Kapura, the
ancestral seat of his family. He was succeeded by his son, the Raja Wazir
Singh, who joined the English in the second Sikh war, and greatly dis-
tinguished himself during the Mutiny of 1857 by seizing mutineers, guarding
the ferries over the Sutlej, and attacking a notorious rebel named Sham Das,
whose village he destroyed. His troops served with credit under General
Van Cortlandt in Sirsa and elsewhere. For these services Raja Wazir Singh
received the additional titles of " Barar Bans Raja Saheb Bahadur," a khilat
of increased value, and a salute of 1 1 guns. He was also exempted from
the service of ten horsemen, which he had previously had to provide ; and in
1862 he received a sanad conferring the right of adoption. The present
Raja has given up excise and transit duties in exchange for compensation.
The area of the State is 612 square miles; its population 97,034, of whom
40,182 are Sikhs, 27,463 are Hindus, and 29,035 are Muhammadans. His
Highness maintains a military force of 70 cavalry, 300 infantry, and 6 guns ;
and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Faridkot, Punjab.
134 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
FARRUKH MUHAMMAD TAKI ALI, Mirza Bahadur.
Is the grandson of the late Amjad All Shah, fourth King of Oudh, being
the son of Mirza Dara Sitwat. The title was conferred by King Muhammad
Ali Shah on Prince Dara Sitwat in 1838.
Residence. O udh.
FARRUKH SHAH. See Muhammad Farrukh Shah.
FARRUKH SIYAR, Shdhzdda.
Is a descendant of Shah Shuja, the King of Kabul, who was restored to
the throne of Afghanistan by the British. The title is a personal one, and
was recognised 4th February 1853.
Residence. Ludhicina, Punjab.
FATBH KHAN walad ABBAS ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
FATBH KHAN walad AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Amirs
of the Talpur family, Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
FATEH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
FATBH KHAN, Nawdb.
The title is personal ; a courtesy title.
Residence. Hala, Sind.
FATBH KHAN, MIR (of Mirpur), His Highness.
The title is personal, and was conferred on loth November 1877, His
Highness being a descendant of the Amir who was ruling at the time of the
conquest.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 135
FATBH KHAN, Khan.
The title is hereditary, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Chang, Merwara.
FATEH KHAN GHEBA, SARDAR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Rawalpindi, Punjab.
FATEH SHER KHAN, TIWANA, MALLIK, Khan Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 3ist January 1860 as a personal distinction.
Belongs to an ancient Rajput family, the Tiwanas of Mitha Tiwana, who
claim common descent with the Sials of Jhang and the Ghebas of Pindigheb,
all in the division of Rawalpindi, Punjab. Amir Ali Khan was the founder
of the family ; and his son, Mir Ahmad Khan, built Mitha Tiwana, which
became a flourishing town under his successors, Dadu Khan and Sher Khan.
Dadu Khan was killed in a skirmish with his own son Sher Khan, who then
became Chief. His grandson, Ahmad Yar Khan, submitted to the Maha-
raja Ranjit Singh , and the nephew of Ahmad Yar Khan, Fateh Khan, held a
command under Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa till the death of that General in
1837. Subsequently he was placed in charge of the Bannu territory by
Raja Dhyan Singh, Prime Minister at Lahore. On the outbreak of the re-
bellion in 1848 Fateh Singh, on the recommendation of Lieutenant Edwardes,
was appointed Governor of Bannu. He did good service, but his fort of
Dalipnagar was besieged by the mutineers, and he was shot down in the
gateway. He was succeeded by his son, Fateh Sher Khan, the present
Mallik, who served as one of Major Edwardes's chief officers. In the
Mutiny of 1857 he rendered excellent service in the Hissar and Jhajjar terri-
tories, and was rewarded with an extensive jdgir, as well as the title of Khan
Bahadur.
Residence. Shdhpur, Punjab.
FATEH SINGH (of Pawayan), Rdjd.
Born loth October 1858. The title is hereditary, and the present Raja
succeeded his adoptive father on the i7th May 1889. Belongs to a family
of Gaur Rajputs, who first came into the district of Shahjahanpur to help the
Rani of Nahil against the Pathans. Udhai Singh, the leader of the second
expedition, founded the town of Pawayan. At the time of the cession in
1802 the great-grandson of Udhai Singh, named Raja Raghunath Singh, was
Raja of Pawayan, and he was confirmed in his possessions by Mr. Wellesley,
the Deputy Governor. He was succeeded in 1825 by his widow the Rani ;
and the latter, having adopted Raja Jagannath Singh (the uncle and adoptive
father of the present Raja), died in 1850. The Raja is an Honorary
Magistrate.
Residence. Shdhjahdnpur, North- Western Provinces.
136 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
PATEH SINGH (of Thehpur), Sarddr.
Born 1823. The title is hereditary. Descended from Sardar Milka
Singh, who was one of the most powerful of the Sikh Chiefs during the latter
half of the last century. He died in 1804, and his son, Sardar Jiwan
Singh, died the next year. The Maharaja Ranjit Singh then seized the
largest portion of the estate, giving Sardar Anand Singh, the son and heir of
Jiwan Singh, jdgirs in Firozpur district. Sardar Anand Singh died in 1831,
leaving his only son, the present Sardar, a minor of eight years of age. On
the annexation of the Punjab the Sardar's personal jdgir was confirmed to
him for life one quarter to descend to his son, who is named Shamsher
Singh, born in 1843.
Residence. Thehpur, Lahore, Punjab.
PATBH SINGH, RAJ (of Dilwara), Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. M e wa" r, Ra" j puta" na.
PATH ALI, Nawdb, C.SJ. See Banganapale, Nawdb of.
FAUJDAR KHAN (of Ashti), Nawdb.
Born about 1825. The title is hereditary. The Nawab is the son of
Nawab Hatam Khan ; and is descended in a direct line from the Afghan
Chief, Muhammad Khan Niazi, to whom Ashti was granted as a jdgir by
the Emperor Jahangir of Delhi. The title of Nawab was conferred by the
Emperor Shah Jahan, and has been recognised by the British Government.
The Nawab has a son and heir named Hatam Khan.
Residence. Ashti, Wardha, Central Provinces.
FAZL AHMAD KHAN (of Panipat), Nawdb.
The title is hereditary. Is descended from the Nawab Lutf-ulla Khan,
whose great-grandson, Nawab Bakar AH Khan, was the grandfather of the
present Nawab. The family occupied important posts under the Mughal
Emperors of Delhi. The Nawab Bakar AH Khan was succeeded by his son,
the Nawab Aman-ulla Khan ; he rendered excellent service to Government
during the Mutiny of 1857, and was rewarded with a considerable grant of
lands. He was succeeded by his elder son, the present Nawab.
Residence. Pdnipat, Karnal, Punjab.
FAZL ALI walad MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of the Mirs who were
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 137
FAZL HUSAIN, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1826. The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1882,
in recognition of eminent services rendered during the famine of 1877.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
FAZL HUSAIN KHAN walad SOHRAB KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of the Mirs who were
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shika"rpur, Sind.
FAZL IMAM SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal; and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Patna, Bengal.
FAZL MUHAMMAD walad ALI BAKHSH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of the Mirs who were
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
FIEOZ KHAN (of Bari), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary. The Raja is a Gakkar Chief, son of Raja All
Gauhar Khan. The Gakkars trace their descent from Kai Gohar, a native
of Ispahan in Persia, whose son, Sultan Kaid, is said to have conquered
Badakshan and part of Thibet. They were settled in the Punjab about 300
A.D. ; and their conquest of Kashmir, and their resistance to the Emperor
Babar, are historical events. The Raja has two sons, named Sher Ahmad
Khan and Gauhar Rahman.
Residence. Haza"ra, Punjab.
FRAMJI ARDBSAR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1888.
Residence. Ahmednagar, Bombay.
GABAT, THAKUR VAJESING-H, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1875 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor ; is a tributary to Idar,
and belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The State has an area of 22
square miles; and a population of 1430, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Gabat, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
I 3 8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GABBAR SINGH (of Kaimori), Rao.
The title is hereditary ; and was originally conferred by Raja Bikram
Shah, Gond Raja of Mandla. The family is said to be descended from
Shiani Shah Rao, who first bore the title of Rao.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
GAD, Thdkur of. See Garh.
GADHI, RAJA UMAR SINGH walad DBVRAO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1868 ; succeeded to the gadi 6th October 1886. The area of the
State, which is one of the Dang States of Khandesh, is 170 square miles ; its
population 6309, chiefly Bhils, Konknas, and other aboriginal tribes.
Residence. Gadhi, Khdndesh, Bombay.
GADHKA, AZAM JADBJA SHIVSINGHJI GOVINDJI,
Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1869; succeeded to the gadi as a minor, 26th November 1870.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The area of the State is 23 square
miles; its population 2252, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Gadhka, Kd.thiwdr, Bombay.
GAGAR MAL, LALA, Rai Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the occasion of the
Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
GAJAMAN KRISHNA BHATAVADEKAR, Rao Bahdditr.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Baroda.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
139
GAJAPATI RAO, G. N., Rdjd, C.LE.
Born 2nd December 1828. Is a scion of the ancient Goday family of
Vizagapatam in the Northern Circars, Madras Presidency, and Zamindar of
Ankapalle and other estates. Educated in the
Hindu College, Calcutta. Was a Member of
the Madras Legislative Council from 1868 to
1884; and a Fellow of the University of
Madras. The title of Raja was conferred
upon him in 1881 ; and the Companionship
of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire in 1892. Has established and main-
tains several schools ; presented the statue of
Her Majesty the Queen Empress of India to
the city of Madras in honour of Her Majesty's
Jubilee in 1887 ; and has given large donations
to many public objects. Has received from
His Holiness the Pope Leo XIII., through
His Delegate Apostolic in East Indies, in 1891,
a mosaic picture as a mark of appreciation of his kindness shown to the
Catholics of Vizagapatam. The Raja's grandfather, Sri Goday Jaga Rao,
distinguished himself in the service of Government about the middle of the
1 8th century. It was of him that the Honourable Court of Directors in a
communication to the Government of Fort Saint George, dated iyth April
1789, wrote: "We concur in the acknowledgment your Government have
rendered of the zeal for our interests manifested on various occasions by
Goday Jugga Row." Sri Jaga Rao was succeeded by his son Sri Goday
Soorya Narayan Rao, father of the Raja; born 1792, died 1853. Lord
Connemara, when publicly complimenting the Raja on his presentation of the
statue of the Queen Empress to the city of Madras, said of this gentleman :
"The Raja's father, Goday Soorya Narayan Rao, followed in the footsteps of
his father, founded various charitable institutions, and during the famine of
1833 fed a large number of poor in the neighbourhood of Nellore. He also
contributed largely to various public works." The Raja's crest is a rising
sun over a Hindu device, with the motto, " I desire the Light," in Sanskrit
and Latin.
Residences. The Mahal, Vizagapatam ; and The Mansion, Madras.
I 4 o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GAJINDAR SINGH (of Majithia), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to the same family of the Shergil Jat
tribe as his first cousin the Sardar Dayal Singh of Majithia (see Dayal
Singh), both Sardars being grandsons of Sardar Disa Singh. The father
of Sardar Gajindar Singh was Sardar Ranjodh Singh, half-brother of Sardar
Lahna Singh, being the son [of Sardar Disa Singh by another mother. He
was a General in the Sikh Army.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
GAJRAJ SINGH (of Hirapur), Thdkur.
Born 1832. The title is hereditary; and is said to have been first
acquired from Raja Narbar. Belongs to a Rajput family of the Bais-Suraj-
Bansi, or Bais Solar race ; said to have come from the neighbourhood of
Delhi in the time of the Gond Rajas. Anup Singh, one of his ancestors,
rendered military service to the Raja of Pitehra ; for which he received a
jdgir in Sagar territory. The Thakur has five sons Than Singh, Bhagwant
Singh, Ajmir Singh, Bisal Singh, and Kaliar Singh.
Residence. Hirapur, Narsinghpur, Central Provinces.
GALE MATING, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Tavoy, Burma.
GANDA SINGH (of Dhiru Majra), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the present head of the Dhiru
Majra Sardars, who come of a Jat family. He has taken great interest in
educational matters.
Residence. Dhiru Majra, Ludhia"na, Punjab.
GANBSH BALKRISHNA HANCHINAL, Azam.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 26th November 1883.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
GANESH GANGADHAR, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
GANESH GOVIND, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i7th October 1884.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 141
GANESH SITARAM SHASTRI, SAR SUBAH, Rao Bahddur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the occasion of the
Jubilee of the reign of Her Majesty the Queen Empress, as a personal
distinction.
Residence. Baroda.
GANGA BISHTU RAI, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th December 1884.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
GANGA CHARAN DAS, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1883.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
GANGA PARSHAD SINGH, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th July 1888.
Residence. Darbhanga, Bengal.
GANGA RAM, Rai.
Born 1811. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Khatri family that
has long resided at Delhi, but came originally from Nawashahr, in the
Jalandhar division of the Punjab. Several members of the family obtained
positions of trust and honour under the Mughal Emperors ; and one, Nagar
Mai, obtained the title of Maharaja. The Rai has four sons Baldeo Singh,
Ram Singh, Sham Singh, and Surat Singh.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
GANGADHAR SHASTRI, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the occasion of the
Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign, in recognition of his eminence in oriental
learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular
Rajas.
Residence. Benares, North- Western Provinces.
GANGAJI RAMJI, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Bombay.
I 4 2 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GANGPUR, RAJA RAGHUNATH SIKHAR DEO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1849 ; succeeded to the gadi 28th November 1858. Belongs to a
Kshatriya (Hindu) family, known as the Sikhar family of Sikharpur or
Pachete in Manbhum. The Raja's eldest son and heir bears the title of
Tikait, and is named Tikait Harinath Sikhar Deo. The area of the State,
which is one of the Chota Nagpur Tributary Mahals, is 2484 square miles;
its population 107,985, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Gangpur, Chota Ndgpur, Bengal.
GANPAT RAI (of Deri Ghazi Khan, Punjab), C.I.E., Diwdn.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1883. The
Diwan, for eminent services rendered to Government as an Extra Assistant
Commissioner in Baluchistan, was created a Companion of the Most Eminent
Order of the Indian Empire on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Baluchistan.
GANPAT RAO (of Jaisinghnagar), Rao.
Born 1845. The title is hereditary, and was originally conferred by the
old Mahratta Government. The ancestors of this family were a branch of
that of the ancient rulers of Sagar. The Rao has a son and heir, named
Narayan Rao.
Residence. Jaisinghpur, Sdgar, Central Provinces.
GANPATRAO MOROBA PITALB, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist January 1870.
Residence. Bombay.
GANPATRAO RAMCHANDAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist October 1879.
Residence. Ujjain, Central India.
GARAB SINGH (of Nandsa), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by the Rajas of
Deogarh. The Thakur is Jagirdar of Pachmari, and his jdgir was originally
held by a family of Mowasses of Korkors, the hereditary guardians of the
Cave of Mahadeo, in the Pachmari Hills.
Residence. Nandsa, Hoshangabad, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
143
The Santak of the Chauhan
Rajputs, called Chakra, used
in the seal and for signature.
(A circle with four Trisulas or
Tridents as radii at the car-
dinal points.)
GARH, THAKUR CHANDRASINGHJI,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1866; succeeded to the gadi loth
November 1884. Belongs to a Chauhan Rajput
(Hindu) family, descended from a younger brother
of one of the ancestors of the Chief of Chhota
Udaipur, to whom the Thakur of Garh is tributary.
The State, which is the largest in the Sankhera
Mehvas, contains an area of 134 square miles; its
population is almost entirely Bhil (aboriginal).
Residence. Garh, Rewa" Kdntha, Bombay.
The Santak of the Chauhan
Rajputs, called Chakra, used
in the seal and for signature.
(A circle with four Trisulas or
Tridents as radii at the car-
dinal points.)
GARHA, RAJA BALBHADAR SINGH,
Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1870; succeeded to the gadi 7th April
1 88 1. Belongs to a Chauhan Rajput (Hindu)
family. The State is feudatory to Gwalior, and
was formerly a portion of the Rajhugarh jdgir.
Its name is sometimes spelt Gharra. Its popula-
tion is about 9500.
Residence. Garha, Guna, Central India.
GARHWAL, Rdjd of. See Tehri.
GARRAULI, DIWAN BAHADUR CHANDRA BHAN SINGH,
Jdgir ddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1884; succeeded to the gadi as a minor i6th March 1885.
Belongs to the Bundela Rajput (Hindu) family, of the Orchha stock that has
given rulers to so many States of Central India (see Panna, Ajaigarh, Dattia,
Charkhari, Bijawar, Sarila, Jigni, Jaso, Lughasi, etc.) Man Singh, the
younger grandson of Rudra Pratap (founder of Orchha), was the founder of
the Satgharia branch of this family, from which descend the Garrauli Chiefs.
Diwan Gopal Singh obtained a sanad from the British Government in 1812.
He was succeeded by his son, Diwan Parichhat, on whom the additional
title of Bahadur was conferred, ryth October 1844. The area of the State
is 25 square miles; its population 4976, chiefly Hindus. The Diwan
Bahadur maintains a military force of 2 cavalry, 56 infantry, and 4 guns.
Residence. Garrauli, Bundelkhand, Central India.
144 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GAUHAR KHAN, O.I.B., Sardar.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar being the Chief of the Jalawan
Brahuis of Baluchistan. He was created a Companion of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on the institution of that Order, ist
January 1878.
Residence. Baluchistan.
GAUR GRANDER MAN SINGH HARI CHANDAN MURDRAJ
BHRAMARBAR RAI (of Parikud), Rdjd.
Born in November 1850. The title is hereditary, and the present Raja
succeeded to the gadi on the death of his father, Raja Chandra Sikhar Man
Singh, in 1872. Belongs to an ancient family, whose founder was the Raja
Jadu Raj. He possessed Parikud and other territory in the time of the
Mughals. He fought against the Subahdar of the province on behalf of the
Nawab Parasuramraj Pandit, and defeated him, receiving large grants of terri-
tory from the Nawab as his reward. Towards the close of the Mahratta rule
the Raja Harisebak of Parikud was defeated by the Raja of Khurdah, and
lost most of his possessions. Raja Chandra Sikhar Man Singh, predecessor
of the present Raja, showed great liberality in the time of the Orissa famine
of 1866, and was created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the
Star of India.
Residence. Parikud, Puri, Orissa, Bengal.
GAURHARI RAI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 7th April 1884.
Residence. Midnapur, Bengal.
GAURIHAR, RAO SHAMLB PRASAD BAHADUR, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859; succeeded to the gadi on the death of the late Rao Gaja-
dhar Prasad, i4th November 1887. Belongs to a Brahman (Hindu) family,
that held the title of " Sawai Rajdhar " from ancient times. At the beginning
of the present century Rajdhar Raja Ram, the head of the family, was
a Sardar of the Banda-Ajaigarh State, and Governor of its fort of Bhuragarh
at Banda. He became a leader of note, and in 1807 was granted the
Gaurihar /dg77' by the British Government. His son, Rajdhar Rudra Pratap,
did excellent service, and incurred great personal loss at Banda. For this
the Government conferred on him, in the Cawnpur Darbar of 1859, the
title of Rao Bahadur, a khilat, and the right of adoption. The area of the
State is 72 square miles; its population is 10,691, chiefly Hindus. The
Chief maintains a military force of 43 cavalry, 198 infantry, and 6 guns.
Residence. Gaurihar, Bundelkhand, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 145
GAURISHANKAR UDESHANKAR, AZAM, C.S.L
Born 2ist August 1805; was for a long time the Diwdn or Prime
Minister of the State of Bhaunagar (g.v.\ in Kathiawdr, where he so
distinguished himself by his vigorous administration and numerous reforms
as to earn from Sir Bartle Frere, then Governor of Bombay, the high praise
of being "one of the best and ablest of modern native statesmen." At the
Imperial Assemblage of Delhi, ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, he was
created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, with
a Medal of Honour. He retired from the service of the Bhaunagar State in
1879, having been honourably engaged in it for a period of no less than
fifty-seven years.
Residence. Bhaunagar, Ka"thia"war.
GAVRIDAD, AZAM JADBJA PRATAPSINGHJI MERUJI,
Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839; succeeded to the gadi in 1855. Belongs to a. Rajput
(Hindu) family. The State, which was the original seat of the Chiefs of
Palitana, has an area of 27 square miles; and a population of 2381, chiefly
Hindus. The Talukdar maintains a military force of 1 1 cavalry, 1 9 infantry,
and 2 guns.
Residence. Gavridad, Kd.thid.w^r, Bombay.
GAWHALI, Chief of. See Raysinghpur.
GAYA PARSHAD (of Pindarna), Thakur.
Born 1852. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by
Raja Mardan Singh of Garhakota. An ancestor of the family, named Rawat
Parshad, saved the life of the Raja Mardan Singh from the Raja of Tehri,
and obtained from him a sanad on copper-plate, granting him lands and the
title of Thakur. He has one son, Thakur Bhairao Parshad.
Residence. Pindarna, Sdgar, Central Provinces.
GEROLI, Diwdn Bahddur of. See Garrauli.
GHANSHAM SINGH (of Mursan), Rdjd Bahddur.
Born 1851. The title is hereditary, and having long been recognised by
Government, was formally conferred on 3rd December 1859, for the excellent
services of the Raja Tikam Singh, grandfather of the present Raja, during the
Mutiny of 1 85 7. The Raja comes of a family of Baisni Jats, having a common
ancestor with the Raja Har Narayan Singh of Hathras in Aligarh a Jat Chief,
by name Makhan, who came from Rajputana and settled in the neighbourhood
of Mursan. His great-grandson, Thakur Nand Ram, died in 1696, leaving
fourteen sons, of whom one was named Zulkaran. The latter left a son named
Khusal Singh, who obtained lands from the favour of the Nawab Vazir of
L
146 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Oudh, Saadat Khan. He died in 1749, and was succeeded by his son Phup
Singh, who largely increased the family estates, and assumed the title of Raja.
His son Bhagwant Singh succeeded in 1798, and also increased the estates,
and was granted ajagtr by the British Government for good service performed
in Lord Lake's campaign. He died in 1823, and was succeeded by Raja
Tikam Singh, of whom above. Raja Tikam Singh was also created a
Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire. He died in
1878, and was succeeded by his grandson, the present Raja, who is an
Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Mursan, Aligarh, North-Western Provinces.
GHARI, BHUMIA NAHAR SINGH, Bhumia of.
Born about 1839 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1864. Belongs to a
Bhilala family. The State is also called Bhaisakho; its population is
about 980.
Residence. Ghari, Bhopdwar, Central India.
GHARRA, Rdjd of. See Garha.
GHAUS SHAH KADARI, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, in celebra-
tion of the assumption of the Imperial title by Her Most Gracious Majesty
the Queen Empress.
Residence. Kadar, Mysore.
GHAUSIA BBGAM, Nawdb.
Is the half-sister of His late Highness Muhammad Ghaus, the last of the
titular Nawabs of the Carnatic. Was granted the personal title of Nawab in
1822.
Residence. M adras.
GHAYAS-UD-DIN ALI KHAN, DIWAN, Shaikh-ul-Mushaikh.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Ajmir.
GHAYAS-UD-DIN JALA-UD-DIN KAZI, MIR, Khan Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Ndsik, Bombay.
GHAZANPAR ALI, MIR, Khan.
A member of the Carnatic family. The title is a personal one ; and,
having been originally conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, was
recognised 1890.
Residence. M adras.
GHORAM KHAN, RIND, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2 ist February 1884.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 147
GHORASAR, THAKUR DADA SAHEB SURAJMALJI, Thdkurof.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1869; succeeded to the gadi 5th January 1883. Belongs to a
Dabbi Rajput (Hindu) family. Is tributary to the Gaekwar. The area of
the State is 40 square miles ; its population 8400, chiefly Hindus.
Residence, Ghorasar, Ma~hi Kdntha, Bombay.
GHULAM AHMAD, Khan Bahadur Kasim Jang.
The title, having been originally conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic,
was recognised in 1890.
Residence. M adras .
GHULAM AHMAD, MIRZA, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, 24th May 1881.
Residence.
GHULAM AHMAD-ULLA, Khdn.
The title, having been originally conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic,
was recognised 1890. Is styled Muhammad Khair-ulla Khan.
Residence. M adras .
GHULAM AKBAR KHAN walad HUSAIM BAKHSH, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
GHULAM ALI, Khdn Bahadur.
A member of the Carnatic family. The title, having been originally
conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised 1890.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM ALI walad ZULFIKAR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of the Talpur Mirs,
who were ruling in Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
GHULAM ALI KHAN walad KHAN MUHAMMAD, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
148 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GHULAM ALI KHAN walad GHULAM SHAH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shika"rpur, Sind.
GHULAM BABA, MIR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2yth June 1878.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
GHULAM DASTAGIR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred in January 1888.
Residence. Trichinopoli, Madras.
GHULAM GHAUS, MUNSHI KHWAJA, Khdn Bahadur Zulkadr.
Born 1822. The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th June 1885.
Belongs to a family that left Kashmir towards the close of the Durrani
dynasty on the occasion of a political outbreak, and removing to Tibet,
engaged in commerce at Lhassa ; but subsequently migrated to Nepal, and
finally settled at Benares. Khwaja Ghulam Ghaus succeeded his uncle as
Mir Munshi to Government, and held that post till his retirement in 1885.
Rendered loyal service during the Mutiny of 1857, for which a sanad and
khilat were conferred upon him.
Residence. Allahabad, North-Western Provinces.
GHULAM GHAUS. See Ghulam Muhammad Ghaus.
GHULAM HAIDAR walad MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mr.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
GHULAM HASAN, SHAIKH, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
GHULAM HUSAIN walad NAJIP ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikarpur, Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 149
GHULAM HUSAIN walad ALI GAUHAR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikcirpur, Sind.
GHULAM HUSAIN (JATI), Malik.
Born about 1847. The title is hereditary, the tradition being that it
was first conferred by Sultan Murad Khan, son of Sultan Muhammad Khan
of Constantinople. There is also a sanad from Muhammad Shah, Emperor
of Delhi. Belongs to a Jat (Muhammadan) family.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
GHULAM HUSAIN KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind.
Residence. Shikctrpur, Sind.
GHULAM HUSAIN KHAN walad AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
GHULAM JILANI, Khan.
The title, originally conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised
in 1890.
Residence. M adras.
GHULAM KADIR KHAN walad KHAN MUHAMMAD
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikcirpur, Sind.
GHULAM KADIR KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890.
Residence. Gwalior, Central India.
GHULAM KASIM KHAN, KATI KHEL (of Tank), Nawdb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th October 1882.
Residence. Dera Ismail Kha~n, Punjab.
150 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GHULAM MAHMUD, Khan.
The title is a personal one, and having been originally conferred by the
Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised in 1890. Is styled Niamat Khan.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM MAHMUD, H AJI, Khdn Bahadur Mutasib Jang Mustafi-
iid-dauld Sharf-ul-Mulk.
The title is a personal one, and having been originally conferred by the
Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised in 1890.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM MOHI-UD-DIN, Khdn.
The title is a personal one, and having been originally conferred by the
Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised in 1890.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM MOHI-UD-DIN, Khdn.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1881.
Residence. Kashm i r.
GHULAM MUHAMMAD, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1850. Is son-in-law of His late Highness Prince Intizam-ul-Mulk,
the third of the Princes of Arcot ; granted the personal title of Khan Bahadur
in 1887.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM MUHAMMAD GHAUS, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1861. Is son of Muazzaz-ud-daula, and grandson of His late
Highness Azim Jah, the first of the titular Princes of Arcot. Granted the
personal title of Khan Bahadur in 1876.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM MUHAMMAD HAIDAR, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1834. Rendered eminent service in the Madras Police, for which
he received the title as a personal distinction in 1887. Retired on pension
in 1890.
Residence. Karur, Coimbatore, Madras.
GHULAM MUHAMMAD HAJI, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3rd April 1884.
Residence. Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 151
GKEULAM MUHAMMAD, Haji, Khan Bahadur Ghalib Jang Sharf-
ud-dauld.
The title is a personal one, and having been originally conferred by the
Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised in 1890.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM MUHAMMAD HASAN ALI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1850. Son of Sardar Jang. Granted the title of Khan Bahadur
as a personal distinction in 1883.
Residence. M adras.
GHULAM MUHAMMAD KHAN walad RUSTAM KHAN,
Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of the Talpur Mirs,
who were ruling in Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
GHULAM MUHI-UD-DIN, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1852. Granted the personal title of Khan Bahadur in 1885, for
good service in the Railway Department.
Residence. Tanjore, India.
GHULAM MURTAZA, Sardar.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Baluchistan.
GHULAM MURTAZA KHAN walad CHAKAR KHAN
(of Rahuja), Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of the Talpur Mirs,
who were rulers of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
GHULAM MUSTAFA KHAN, HAJI, walad GHULAM
HAIDAR, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
GHULAM NABI, MUNSHI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Punjab.
152
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GHULAM NABI ALI, Khan Bahadur Nasir Jang.
The title is a personal one, and having been conferred originally by the
Nawab of the Carnatic, was recognised in 1890. Is a member of the
Carnatic family.
Residence. Madras.
GHULAM NABI KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary. The Mir is a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
GHULAM NAJAF KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH KHAN,
Mir.
The title is hereditary. The Mir is a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
GHULAM RASUL, MIYAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
GHUND, Chief of.
Is a feudatory of the Raja of Keonthal (q.v.\ and rules over one of the
Simla Hill States.
Residence. Ghund, Simla Hills, Punjab.
GIDHAUR, MAHARAJA RAVANBSHWAR PRASAD SINGH
BAHADUR, Maharaja Bahadur of.
Born 1859. Belongs to a Kshatriya family of the Chandra Vansi or
Lunar sept, whose founder was Bir Vikram Singh. His ancestors had come
from Mahoba in Bundelkhand, and settled at Bardi in Rewah, and he was
the younger brother of the Raja of Bardi. From him the ninth in descent is
said to have built the temple of Baidyanath. Raja Dalar Singh, fourteenth
Raja, is stated to have received zfarmdn from the Emperor Shah Jahan in
1651. Raja Gopal Singh was recognised by the British Government; and
his grandson was the well-known Sir Jaimangal Singh Bahadur, K. C.S.I., on
whom the title of Maharaja Bahadur was conferred for his eminent services
during the Santal insurrection and the Mutiny of 1857. On ist January
1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India, Sir Jaimangal Singh received the hereditary title of Maha-
raja Bahadur. He was succeeded by his son, Maharaja Shiva Prasad Singh
Bahadur ; and the latter by his son, the present Maharaja Bahadur, who is
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 153
well known for his benevolence and loyalty. Educated in Sanskrit, Persian,
Hindi, and English ; married in 1885, and has a son and heir, born in 1890.
Received a khilat from the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal on succeeding to
the title, also the privilege of exemption from attendance in Civil Courts.
The family cognisance is a trisul, or trident of Siva.
Residence. Gidhaur, Bengal.
GIRDHARLAL ULATRAM, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 27th December 1872.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
GIRIAPA TIMAPA DBSAI, Heladi Naik Bahadur Desai Nadugauda.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
GIRIJA NATH RAI (of Dinajpur), Mahdrdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1884. Is the son
of the late Maharani Sham Mohini of Dinajpur ; and belongs to a family
settled in the Dinajpur district since the time of Akbar, at which time one
of its ancestors, named Srimanta Datta, was Zamindar of Dinajpur. His
daughter married Hari Ram Rai, who had been Diwan to the Zamindar of
Idrakpur. The son of this marriage was Suka Deb Rai, who died in 1677.
His son, Raja Jai Deb, was Raja of Dinajpur from 1677 to 1682; and was
succeeded by his brother, Raja Prannath, from 1682 to 1723, who adopted
a young relative named Ram Nath, who succeeded to the Raj, and died in
1760. A grandson of the latter by adoption, named Radha Nath, was Raja
from 1780 to 1 80 1 ; at his accession he owned the greater part of the three
districts of Dinajpur, Maldah, and Bogra, but after the Decennial Settlement
the bulk of the estate was sold for arrears of revenue. His grandson was
the Raja Tarak Nath, 1840 to 1865, husband of the late Maharani Sham
Mohini, and adoptive father of the present Raja. The title of Maharani was
formally conferred on that lady in 1875, for ner eminent benevolence during
the great famine of 1873.
Residence. Dinajpur, Bengal.
GIRISH CHANDAR DAS, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd April 1874, for eminent
public services.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
GIRISH CHANDAR GHOSH, Rai Bahadur.
: is personal, ar
ices as Judge.
Residence. Hugli, Bengal.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ipth August 1879, for
eminent services as Judge.
I 54 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GIRISH CHANDAR RAI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889, for eminent
public services.
Residence. Nalthoba, Bengal.
GOBARDHUN DAS, SAH, Rai Bahddur.
Born 2Qth October 1856. The title is personal, and was conferred on
ist January 1886, for eminent public services as a Municipal Commissioner
of Lucknow, and an Honorary Magistrate. Belongs to an Agarwala family ;
and is one of the sons of Sah Benarsi Das, late a banker at Lucknow, and a
partner in the banking firm of Sah Behari Lai, Lucknow.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
GOBIND RAM, Rao Bahddur.
Born 1 5th December 1851. The title was conferred, 2nd January 1888,
as a personal distinction, for his services on the District Board and Municipal
Committee, and especially for consideration shown to his debtors in proceed-
ings under the Jhansi Encumbered Estates Act. Belongs to a Gaur Brahman
Pattiwal family, whose ancestor, Khem Chand, emigrated to Jaipur from
Jesalmir, and there established a commercial house ; and subsequently
established three more houses in Jhansi. The Rao Bahadur's uncle
rendered good service during the Mutiny of 1857.
Residence. Jhdnsi, North-Western Provinces.
GOBIND RAO NARAYAN, Rao.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Allahabad, North-Western Provinces.
GOBIND SAHAI, Diwdn.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Gujra'nwdla, Punjab.
. GOBIND SINGH (of Beona), Rdjd.
Bom 29th November 1872. The title is hereditary; and is stated by
the family to have been obtained in the year 1746 from the Mahrattas, after
the defeat of the Bundelas by the combined forces of the Peshwa and Nawab
Khan Bangash of Farrukhabad. Belongs to a Bundela Rajput family, and is
the son of the late Raja Parachat, who died on 3rd March 1878.
Residence. Jalaun, North-Western Provinces.
GOBIND SINGH, THAKUR, Rao Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Jaipur, Rajputa~na.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 155
GODE NARAYAN GAJAPATI RAO, Rdjd. See Gajapati.
GOGAN CHANDRA RAI, Rat Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, for eminent
services rendered in the Benares Opium Department, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Benares, North- Western Provinces.
GOKAL DAS, SBTH, Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889. The Raja
had been created a Rao Saheb in 1867, on account of his liberal contributions
towards the erection of the Jabalpur Town Hall. His father was Seth Kushal
Chand, a wealthy banker of Jabalpur, who rendered good services during the
Mutiny in 1857; a gold medal was presented to him by the Government for
his liberal help in fitting out the Madras Column.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
GOKAL NARAYAN, Rai.
Born 1842. The title is hereditary ; having been originally conferred by
the Nawab Shuja-ud-daula Bahadur on an ancestor of the family named
Lachmi Narayan, Khattri, who was Daroga of the palaces of the Begam.
The Rai's father was the Rai Baldeo Narayan, alias Chotu Lai. The Rai
is also known by the name of Chotu Lai ; he has three sons Babu Kesri
Narayan, Mahabir Narayan, and Badri Narayan.
Residence. Allahabad, North- Western Provinces.
GOKUL CHANDRA SINGHI, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1825; son of the late Babu Uma Charan Singhi, of Khishma,
Nadiya, Bengal. Has rendered good service in the Small Arms Ammunition
Factory at Dum-Dum; and received the title on the ist January 1891, in
recognition thereof. Belongs to a Kayastha family descended from Rai
Lakshman Singha of Chaula, who was the Gushtipati or " Chief of the clan "
among the Maulik Kayasthas. Muralidhar Singha first settled in Khishma in
the beginning of the i7th century; and it is stated that Raja Kali Prasanna
Singha of Calcutta, translator of the Mahabharata, is a lineal descendant of
this family. The Rai Bahadur married a daughter of the late Babu Chandra
Nath Mustafi, Zamindar of Ula in Nadiya District, whose ancestors are stated
to have held the post of Accountant-General under the Nawab Nazims of
Bengal. The Rai Bahadur has three sons Anukul Chandra Singha, born
1865; Bankim Chandra Singha, born 1870; Atul Chandra Singha, born
1875. His eldest son, Satis Chandra Singha, is deceased; but has left a
son and heir, Probodh Chandra Singha, born 1881.
Residences. Dum-Dum, near Calcutta; 173 Cornwallis Street, Calcutta;
Khishma, Nadiya' District, Bengal.
GOLAK CHANDAR CHAUDHRI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Chittagong, Bengal.
I5 6 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GONDAL, HIS HIGHNESS THAKUR SAHEB SIR BHAG-
WATSINGHJI SAGRAMJI, K.C.I.E., Thdkur Saheb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 24th October 1865 ; succeeded to \hegadi i4th December 1869
as a minor. Belongs to a Jareja Rajput (Hindu) family, tracing its origin to
the renowned Krishna; descended from the
Nawanagar-Rajkot family ; is a Kumbhani, being
a descendant of Kumbhoji I., founder of the
Gondal dynasty ; was only four years old when
he succeeded his father, who died in 1869,
when on a visit to Bombay. The following is
a brief summary of the history of this ruling
family: (i) Kumbhoji I., founder of the Gon-
dal dynasty; 1634-49 A.D. Succeeded by his
son (2) Sagramji I., 1649-1714 A.D. Succeeded
by his son (3) Haloji, 1714-53. Succeeded
by his son (4) Kumbhoji II., 1753-90 A.D., was
a most powerful chief; was both a warrior and
a statesman, and aggrandised his possessions by
conquest and statecraft. Succeeded by his
grandson (5) Muluji, 1790-92 A.D. Succeeded
by his son (6) Dajibhai, 1792-1800 A.D., was a patron of letters, and was
especially fond of poetry. Succeeded by his uncle (7) Devaji, 1800-12 A.D.,
was a brave soldier and a wise ruler. Succeeded by his four sons one after
another (8) Nathuji, 1812-14 A.D. ; (9) Kanuji, 1814-21 A.D. ; (10)
Chandra Sinhji, 1820-41 A.D. ; (u) Bhanabhai, 1841-51 A.D. ; (12) Sag-
ramji II., 1851-79 A.D., was a very quiet and pious Chief. Succeeded by
his son, the present Thakur Saheb. During his minority the State was at
first administered direct by the British Government, but afterwards a Joint-
Administration was introduced. He was educated at the Rajkot Rajkumar
College and also at the Edinburgh University. His College career has been
reported to be eminently successful ; in order to give the finishing touch to
his education, he undertook a voyage to Europe in 1883, in the company of
Major (now Colonel) Hancock ; returned after six months ; published an
account of his tour under the title "Journal of a Visit to England in 1883 ";
was associated with Major (now Colonel) Nutt in the administrative business
of his State, and assumed sole charge on the 24th August 1884. The reply
made by him on the occasion of his installation to the address of the Political
Agent, Colonel West, was pronounced by Government to be highly creditable
to him, both as regards the tone and the matter of it, showing " good feeling
and good taste, and his description of his duties as a ruler evinces a sound
and clear judgment." Three years after his installation the Thakur Saheb was
publicly complimented by the Governor, Lord Reay, in the following words :
" Thakur Saheb, though you have only been three years on the gadi, I believe
you have acted up to the pledges you then gave." Nominated a Fellow of the
Bombay University ; and a Vice-President of the Deccan Education Society
at Poona. Having been imbued with a love of science, he again proceeded
to Scotland in 1886, to reside for a time at the Edinburgh University ; which,
in appreciation of his " exemplary quest of knowledge," conferred on him the
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 157
honorary degree of LL.D. in 1887. The same year he was requested to be
a member of the deputation from the Kathiawar Chiefs that waited on Her
Majesty the Queen Empress at the time of the celebration of Her Most
Gracious Majesty's Jubilee; and on that occasion was made a K.C.I.E.
Returned to India in August 1887. Takes a keen interest in the adminis-
trative business of the State, and is a joint-proprietor of the " Bhaunagar-
Gondal " and " Gondal-Porbandar " railways, in which concerns he has invested
about ^"500,000. Is taking steps to connect his capital with the main line
of railway. Besides railways, the territory has many macadamised roads,
schools, hospitals, municipalities, rest-houses, infirmary, post and telegraph
offices, courts of justice, and other appliances of an improved administration.
Owing to the excellence of his administration, the British Government was
pleased to raise Gondal from the rank of a second-class to that of a first-class
State in Kathiawar. In 1889 his wife daughter of His Highness the
Maharana of Dharampur being taken very ill, the doctors advised her to go
to England for a change, and His Highness was obliged to take her there for
the benefit of her health. This is the first instance of a Rajput consort of a
Ruling Chief ever venturing to overcome her caste prejudices. Her Highness
was received . by Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen Empress, and
personally invested with the Imperial Order of the Crown of India. The
Thakur Saheb has contributed numerous donations to deserving public
institutions ; has relieved his subjects of the burden of many obnoxious
taxes, and remitted a vast amount of debt which his people owed him. His
subjects, in return, have voted him a statue by public subscription.
Arms. A belt and sword with the word " Gondal " at the top. Motto.
(Sanskrit) Sajyam cha Satyam, in Devanagari character, meaning "Ready
and True." His Highness's sons are Kuma'r Shri Bhojraj, heir -apparent,
born 1883 ; is being educated in Edinburgh. Kuma'r Shri Bhupat Sinhje, born
1888 ; is in England with his parents.
Residence. Gondal, Ka"thia~wdr, Bombay.
, 5 g THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GOPAL CHANDAR MUKHARJI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. C alcutta.
GOPAL CHANDRA MUKHARJI, Rai Bahadur.
Has rendered good service as Chairman of the Kasipur-Chitpur Muni-
cipality, Calcutta; and received the title as a personal distinction on 25th
May 1892.
Residence. Calcutta.
GOPAL DAS, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1884.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
GOPAL MOHAN SARKAR, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1887.
Residence. Calcutta.
GOPAL RAO (of Rehli), Rao.
The title is hereditary. Is the son of the late Rao Kishen Rao ; and
descended from Govind Pandit, who came to Sagar with the Mahratta ruler
from Puna, and being a relative of the latter, was made Mdmlatddr of Rehli.
Residence. Sagar, Central Provinces.
GOPAL RAO, PANDIT, Rao Bahadur.
Born 6th August 1832. The title was conferred on 2nd January 1888,
as a personal distinction, for eminent public services. His ancestors, during
the Mahratta Government, held the post of Secretary to the Raja of Sagar
for three generations ; and consequently his father and grandfather received
political pensions from the British Government after the annexation. The
Rao Bahadur himself rendered excellent service to Government at the risk
of his life during the Mutiny of 1857, for which he received the grant of two
villages in the Jalaun district for his life. His family is Dakhini Brahman.
Residence. Jhansi, North-Western Provinces.
GOPAL RAO HARI DESHMUKH, Rao Bahadur.
Born 1 8th February 1823. The title was conferred on ist January 1877,
as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. Educated at Puna. Served the
Government with the highest success and distinction from 1844 to 1879,
when he retired after occupying the place of Joint Judge and Sessions Judge
of Nasik, and other high positions in the Judicial Service. Invited to be
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 159
present at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in 1877. Granted revival of
political pension in 1877. Member of Bombay Legislative Council, 1880.
Name entered in the list of First -Class Sardars of the Deccan for rank and
precedence, 1881. Appointed Prime Minister of Ratlam (^.z>.), 1884. Has
been a prominent social reformer, having been put out of caste for ten
years for his advocacy of widow remarriage, and for sending his second
son, Krishnarao Gopal, to England for education. Is a copious author,
acquainted with many languages, and writing under the nom-de-plume of
Lokahitawddi. Is President of the Bombay Branch of the Theosophical
Society, Bombay Arya Samaj, Puna Arbitration Court ; and Vice-President of
the National Indian Association. Is descended from Vishwanath Sidhaye, a
Deshmukh (hereditary farmer of the revenue), 1690-1717, many of whose
descendants held high office under the Government of the Peshwa.
Residence. Puna, Bombay.
GOPAL RAO SHIVDBO (of Malegaon), Rao Bahadur.
Born 2 gth June 1843. The title is hereditary, having been originally
conferred by the Peshwa. The Rao Bahadur's mother enjoys a pension
from the Government.
Residence. Ndsik, Bombay.
GOPALA CHARIYA KRADKAR, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on i6th February 1887,
in recognition of his eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take
rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Gwalior, Central India.
GOPALA PADHYB GURJAR, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on i6th February 1887,
in recognition of his eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take
rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
GOPALA, P., RAO, Rao Bahadur.
Born 1856. Member of the Berhampur Municipal Council, 1884;
Chairman, 1887. Granted the title as a personal distinction in 1891 for his
eminent municipal services.
Residence. Berhampur, Ganjam, Madras.
GOPALJI SURBHAI DBSAI, Rao Bahadur.
Born 24th June 1832. The title was conferred on i3th January 1882,
as a personal distinction, for eminent public services in the Educational
Service, which extended from 1853 to 1892. Is a son of Desai Surbhai
Dayalji of Puni, Surat, an important Zaminddr in that district. Received the
title of Rao Saheb in 1864; and the sanad conferring the title of Rao
160 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Bahadur in 1882 was delivered to him in full Darbar by the Political Agent
at Bhaunagar. Has received the thanks of Government for his services (in
conjunction with his father) in bringing about the settlement of Wattans in
Surat ; also in connection with archaeological researches in Kathiawar, and
with the settlement of the wording of the " Fashzamin " bonds entered into
by the Kathiawar Chiefs. Appointed Fellow of the Bombay University, 1885 ;
Educational Inspector, Northern Division, Bombay Presidency, 1885. Is
President of the Kathiawar General Library, Rajkot ; a Life Member of the
East India Association, and of the Gujarat Vernacular Society.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
GOPI MAL, Rai.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist May 1871.
Residence. Firozpur, Punjab.
^GOPINATH GURU, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Kdlahandi, Central Provinces.
GOVARDHAN SINGH (of Ramgarh), Mian.
The title is hereditary in this branch of the family. The head of another
branch of the same family is Sardar Ranjit Singh (q.v.\ who holds the hereditary
title of Sardar. Descended from a Rajput family, whose great ancestor was
Raja Singar Chand, Raja of Bilaspur (Kahlur). His younger son was Kalal
Chand, tenth in descent from whom was Surat Singh, whose four sons, with
their retainers, aided the Raja of Nahan to conquer Suchawar, Ramgarh, and
other territories, and received Ramgarh as their share. Sardar Khushal
Singh was the only one of the four who left any children. He built the fort
at Ramgarh ; and his grandson, Gopal Singh, was the grandfather of Mian
Govardhan Singh.
Residence. Ambala, Punjab.
GOVIND LAL RAI, Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888, in
recognition of the Raja's " liberality and public spirit."
Residence. Rangpur, Bengal.
GOVIND RAO (of Jaisinghnagar), Rao.
Born 1841. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by
the old Mahratta Government, and subsequently recognised by the Govern-
ment of India. The Rao, like his kinsmen, Rao Ganpat Rao (g.v.) and
Rao Ram Chand Rao of Jaisinghnagar, is descended from ancestors who
were connected with the former rulers of Sagar; and to one of them,
named Rao Ganpat Rao, the pargand of Jaisinghnagar was made over as
its talukdar.
Residence. Sdgar, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 161
GOVIND RAO (of Rehli), Rao.
The title is hereditary. Is a younger brother of Rao Gopal Rao of
Rehli (g.v.)
Residence. Rehli, Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
GOVIND SAKARAM HOSUR, Rao Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for eminent
municipal services. Is Vice-President of the Saundatti Municipality, Bombay.
Residence. Saundatti, Belgaum, Bombay.
GOVINDRAO RAMCHANDRA GARUD, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1887.
Residence. Dhulia, Bombay.
GUL HASAN KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
GULAB SINGH (of Meanoni), Rao Saheb.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
GULAB SINGH (of Bina), Rao.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
GUNABHIRAM SARMA BARUA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's
reign.
Residence. Nowgong, Assam.
GUR SAHAI, LALA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. P unj ab.
GURBAKHSH SINGH (of Kot Shera), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Gujra'nwa'la, Punjab.
GURU PRASAD, PANDIT (of Benares) Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on i6th February 1887,
in recognition of his eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take
rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
M
1 62 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
GWALIOR, His Highness the Maharaja Sindhia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 3rd July 1886. Is the
head of the great Mahratta House of Sindhia. Full title is " His Highness
Mukhtar-ul-Mulk, Azim-ul-Iktidar Rafi-ush-Shan Wala Shikoh Muhtashaim-i-
Dauran, Umdat-ul-Umara, Maharaj-Adhiraj Alijah Hisam-us-Saltanat Maharaja
Madho Rao Sindhia Bahadur Srinath Mansur-i-Zaman, Fidwi-i-Hazrat-i-
Malika-i-Muaz-zama-i-Rafi-ud-Darja-i-Inglistan" (see Introduction, n). His
Highness, who rules over an area about equal to that of Holland, Belgium,
and Saxony combined, and over a population more numerous than that of
Switzerland or of Greece, is descended from the famous Ranoji Sindhia, the
son of a Dekhani pdtel, who became a member of the household of the
Peshwa Balaji Rao, and subsequently a successful commander of the Peshwa's
cavalry. Ranoji Sindhia was succeeded by his second son, Mahadaji Sindhia,
who was one of the greatest soldiers and cleverest statesmen ever produced
by India. He greatly distinguished himself at the battle of Panipat in 1761 ;
and, taught by that disaster, he disciplined and strongly organised his army,
chiefly under French officers, and in this way, though nominally still a servant
of the Peshwa, he became in 1764 really the ruler of Hindustan. He died
in 1794, and was succeeded by his grand-nephew, Daulat Rao Sindhia,
whose reign of over thirty years is part of the history of India. The battles
of Assaye, won by Sir Arthur Wellesley (afterwards Duke of Wellington) in
1803, and of Laswari, won by General Lord Lake, in 1804, the Treaty of
Sarji Anjangaon in 1805, and the Pindari war in 1817 are important land-
marks in the career of Daulat Rao Sindhia. On his death he commended
his State and his younger widow, the famous Baiza Bai, to the care of the
British Government. Jhankuji Sindhia subsequently succeeded to the gadi
by adoption, marrying the grand-daughter of Baiza Bai, who was at first regent
of the State. Family dissension, however, ensued ; Baiza Bai had to leave
Gwalior in 1833, and Jhankuji Sindhia died without issue in 1843. His
widow adopted a young scion of the Sindhia family, who succeeded under
the title of Jaiaji Rao Sindhia. He displayed great courage and loyalty
during the Mutiny of 1857, when his army revolted to the mutineers, and he
himself and his Minister, Sir Dinkar Rao, were compelled to flee to Agra.
He was restored and brought back to Gwalior by Sir Hugh Rose on iQth
June 1858, and received many great and well-deserved honours during the
rest of his long reign. He obtained the right of adoption, numerous titles,
extensive grants of additional territory, and an increase to his army ; and
became successively an Honorary General in the British army, a Knight
Grand Cross of the Bath, a Knight Grand Commander of the Star of India,
and a Companion of the Indian Empire. The present Maharaja, Madho
Rao Sindhia Bahadur, succeeded as a minor in 1886. The family colour,
famous on so many battle-fields, is bhagwd, orange or brick-red, the flag of
that colour bearing on its field the representation of a serpent holding the
sun and moon in its coils referring to a legend that Ranoji Sindhia, when
an infant, was sheltered from the heat of the sun by the expanded hood of a
cobra. The area of the State is 29,046 square miles ; its population
3,030,743, chiefly Hindus, but including more than 160,000 Muhammadans,
12,000 Jains, and 167,000 aborigines of various tribes. The Maharaja
Sindhia maintains a military force of 5504 cavalry, 11,040 infantry, and 48
guns. His Highness is entitled to a salute of 19 guns, and within the
limits of Gwalior territory to a salute of 2 1 guns.
Residence. Gwalior, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 163
GTYANODA KANT RAI, Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th July 1888.
Residence. Jessore, Bengal.
HABIB KHAN, Sarddr Bahadur.
The title is personal.
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
HABIB-UR-RAHMAN, KAZI, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Burhdnpur, Central Provinces.
HACHARAO AKBAT HARIHAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
HADI HUSAIN KHAN, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
HADOL, Thdkur of. See Harol.
HAFIZ ABDUL KARIM, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1838. The title is personal, and was conferred in 1884 for services
rendered by his ancestors, and for his own acts of public generosity. His
father was present at the battles of Bharatpur, Kamon, and Shekhawati in the
first Kabul campaign ; and his brother was rewarded with a khilat for his good
services in the first and second Punjab wars.
Residence. Meerut, North- Western Provinces.
HAIDAR ALI KHAN walad ALI AKBAR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
HAKIM KHAN, MALIK, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Shdhpur, Punjab.
164 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
HAKK NAWAZ KHAN (of Dera Ismail Khan, Punjab),
Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th May 1885.
Residence. Baluchistan.
HALARI SHAMANA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th May 1885.
Residence. Mercara, Coorg.
HAMID ALI, MUNSHI. See Muhammad Hamid Ali.
HAMID HUSAIN, MAUL AVI SAYYID, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign. It entitles
him to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. North- Western Provinces and Oudh.
HAMIR SINGH (of Bayeri), Thdkur Sawai Rai.
Born 1838. The title is hereditary, but its origin is not known. Is a
Korkars Girassia Chief. Rendered assistance to the Magistrate of Harda
during the Mutiny of 1857, for which he received a khilat. Has two sons
Thakur Umrao Singh and Thakur Sardar Singh.
Residence. Hoshangabad, Central Provinces.
HAMIR SINGH (of Mohli), Thdkur.
Born 7th August 1825. The title is hereditary, and was originally con-
ferred by the Raja of Benares. Belongs to the same family as that of the
Rajas of Hatisi in Damoh district, Central Provinces. This branch of the
family obtained the jdgir of Mohli from the former Government of Sagar.
Has two sons Kunwar Khalak Singh and Mohan Singh.
Residence. Sa~gar, Central Provinces.
HAMIR SINGH (of Pali), Rao.
Born 1823. The title is hereditary. This Bundela Chief belongs to the
family of the ex-Raja of Banpur, whose estates were confiscated after the
Mutiny of 1857. His son and heir is Nirbhai Singh, aged thirty-one years.
Residence. Banpur, Lalitpur, North- Western Provinces.
HANUMAN SINGH (of Barwara), Thdkur.
Born 1841. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred on
his ancestors by the Gond Raja of Mandla, Raja Nizam Shah. Is an
Honorary Magistrate of Jabalpur district.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 165
HAP A, THAKUR WAKHATSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877 ; succeeded to the gadi 4th August 1889. Belongs to a Koli
(Hindu) family. Is at present a minor, and the State under the management
of the Mahi Kantha Agency. The late Thakur was named Madhusinghji,
and his widow, the Thakurani Surajbai, is living. The State contains an
area of 79 square miles, and a population of 1546, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Hapa, Mdhi Kcintha, Bombay.
HARBALLABH NARAYAN SINGH (of Sonbarsa), Maharaja.
Born 7th June 1846. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd
January 1888. The Maharaja had received the title of Raja in 1875 f r
eminent services rendered during the famine of 1873-74, and had been
granted the title of Raja Bahadur on ist January 1877, on the occasion of
the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India.
Created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire,
2nd January 1893. The family cognisance is a flag, bearing on it the
figure of an elephant.
Residence. Bhcigalpur, Bengal.
HARBANS RAI (of Hatri), JRdjd.
Born 7th April 1835. The title is hereditary, and is said to have been
first conferred by a Muhammadan King, in 1494-95, on the Raja Sahal Shah
of Bakhtiyargarh. Succeeded the late Raja on 8th May 1848. Rendered
good service to Government during the Mutiny of 1857. Has two sons, of
whom the elder enjoys the title of Diwan Diwan Kishori Singh and Bhan
Partab Singh.
Residence. Damoh, Central Provinces.
HARBANS SINGH, Rdjd.
Born 1846. The title is hereditary, the Raja being the brother and the
adopted son of the famous Sardar Tej Singh, who was Commander-in-Chief
of the Sikhs in the first Sikh war, subsequently appointed President of the
Council of Regency, and on 7th August 1847 created Raja of Sialkot.
Throughout the rebellion of 1848-49 the Raja Tej Singh remained faithful to
the Government, and on the annexation of the Punjab the jdgirs of himself
and his cousin, Sardar Bhagwan Singh, son of Jamadar Khushal Singh, were
confirmed for life. Raja Tej Singh rendered excellent service by raising
horsemen during the Mutiny of 1857, and as a reward, in 1862, two-thirds of
his jdgir was granted in perpetuity, and he received a sanad authorising him
to adopt an heir. He died in December 1862, having adopted his brother,
the Raja Harbans Singh, who now enjoys the title and estate.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
166 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
HARBANS SINGH (of Kandaula), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar belonging to the same family as those
of the Sardars Tara Singh of Manauli, Uttam Singh of Ghanauli, and other
Sardars of the Ambala division. The founder of the family was Sardar
Khushal Singh, who achieved conquests in the Manjha, and took possession
of the town of Jalandhar. In 1756 A.D. he had large Cis-Sutlej possessions ;
they were subsequently wrested from the family by the Maharaja Ranjit
Singh of Lahore, but ultimately came under British control with the other
Cis-Sutlej territories. Sardar Dayal Singh, the grandson of Sardar Khushal
Singh, succeeded to the Kandaula estates, and his grandson is the present
Sardar. For services during the Mutiny of 1857 the Sardars of this loyal
family received large remissions from the Government.
Residence. Kandaula, Ambala, Punjab.
HARDERAM ANUPRAM MUNSHI, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th December 1888.
Residence. B ombay .
HARDHIAN SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893. Is an
Honorary Magistrate of Delhi.
Residence. Delhi, North- Western Provinces.
HARDIT SINGH (of Dayalgarh), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Ambdla, Punjab.
HARDIT SINGH, ROZA, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary ; and Sardar Hardit Singh succeeded his father,
the brave and loyal Sardar Kahan Singh, in June 1864. Sardar Kahan
Singh was the grandson of Tek Singh, who was in the service of the Bhangi
Sardars of Lahore, and received from them the grant of the village Nodhpur.
Kahan Singh entered the service of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1822;
and, on the recommendation of General Ventura, was appointed Com-
mandant in the Life Guards, served with his regiment in Kulu, Mandi, and
elsewhere, and being severely wounded in the attack on Raja Suchet Singh,
was promoted to be Colonel, with large emoluments. He fought on the
Sikh side in the battles of Sobraon and Firuzshahr. After the annexation
Colonel Kahan Singh lost his jdgirs, but was granted a pension by the
British Government. When the Mutiny broke out in 1857 .he was one of
the first Chiefs selected for service by Sir John Lawrence, and, starting at
once for Delhi with fifty-three of his retainers, he served with the Guides till
the fall of the city, being again severely wounded in one of the rebel sallies.
For these services he received substantial rewards from the Government, in-
cluding the regrant of some of his old Sikh jdgirs.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 167
HARBNDRA KISHOR SINGH, Maharaja Sir, K.CJ.E. See Bettiah.
HARI APPAJI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Baroda.
HARI CHAND (of Lahaul), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Lahaul, Kangra, Punjab.
HARI CHAND (of Bhabaur), Rai.
The title is hereditary. The Rai belongs to the same family as that of
the Rajas of Kangra, Jaswan, Goler, Siba, Datarpur, etc. ; being descended
from Raja Pirthi Chand, son of Raja Beni Chand. The Rai Karm Chand,
in the time of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh, held a large jdgir in this district ;
and his grandson, Rai Ratan Chand, died 24th October 1884, and was suc-
ceeded by his son, the present Rai.
Residence. Bhabaur, Hoshirpur, Punjab.
HARI CHAND YAJOJI, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Bombay.
HARI CHARAN SARMA, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3rd October 1872.
Residence. Cachar, Assam.
HARI MOHAN THAKUR, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th July 1888.
Residence. Bhcigalpur, Bengal.
HARI NARAYAN KALE, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
HARI RAJ SINGH (of Kashipur), Rdjd.
Born 1857. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family connected
with that of the Chand Rajas of Kumaun, being descended from Pahar
Singh, a younger son of Raja Baz Bahadur Singh, Raja of Kumaun from
1638 to 1678. In the time of Raja Dip Chand of Kumaun (1748-77),
Mohan Singh, grandson of Pahar Singh, became Bakshi or head of the
army. He eventually seized and imprisoned Raja Dip Chand, and, on the
death of the latter in prison in 1777, proclaimed himself Raja under the
168 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
title of Mohan Chand. He himself was killed in 1788 by Harak Deb
Toshi, who again was driven out by Lai Singh, brother of Mohan Singh,
with the aid of Faiz-ullah Khan of Rampur. Mahendra Singh, son of
Mohan Singh, was installed as Raja by Lai Singh, who claimed for him the
protection of the Nawab of Oudh, as recognised owner of the Tarai. In
1790, however, the Gurkhalis from Kathmandu invaded Kumaun and
defeated the forces of Mahendra Singh, who fled with his uncle, Lai Singh,
to Kota, and fixed upon Kilpuri as his headquarters, where he endeavoured
to enlist troops for an attack upon Kumaun. Hearing this, the Gurkhali
general, Amar Singh Thapa, marched on Kilpuri and thus deprived the.
Kumaunis of their only rallying-point. Mahendra Singh and his partisans,
deprived of every acre that they could lay claim to, fled to the Oudh
Subahdar, and representing that the tract from which the Gurkhali had
ousted them formed a part of the Tarai, which of right belonged to the
Nawab, requested his aid in recovering it from the Gurkhalis. A war with
Nepal would probably have resulted had not the good offices of Mr. Cherry
promoted an understanding, by which the Gurkhalis agreed to yield up all
pretensions to the low country. At the same time provision was made for
the retention by the exiled family of some doubtful tenure of a portion of
the Tarai for their subsistence. Mahendra Singh retired first to Rudrapur
and then to Kilpuri; but, owing to bad management, this Pargana was
reduced to a swamp, and was rendered so unhealthy that on the petition of
the representatives of the family to the British Government, it was exchanged
for the confirmation of possession in taluqa Chachait in the Pilibhit district.
Kunwar Partab Singh, son of Mahendra Singh, sued his uncle, Lai Singh,
for a share in Chachait, but his claim was dismissed. He then petitioned
the Government, who gave him Rs.25o per mensem in 1820. Partab
Singh's claim to Bazpur was also negatived. Lai Singh had held possession
as head of the family and retained it. Guman Singh, son of Raja Lai
Singh, received a sanad from the British Government in 1828, as Raja. His
son, Raja Shiuraj Singh, C.S.I., rendered good service during the Mutiny of
1857 ; and was rewarded with the Order of the Star of India, and with an
increased grant. He died in October 1886; and was succeeded by his son,
the present Raja, who married a daughter of Kupendra Bikram Singh of
Nepal, and has a son named Kunwar Udai Raj Singh. The Raja is an
Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Kashipur, Tara"i, North- Western Provinces.
HARI RAOJI CHIPLUNKAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
HARI SINGH (of Nadaun), Mian.
The title is hereditary. The Mian is a brother of Raja Amar Chand of
Nadaun, and a younger son of the Raja Sir Jodhbir Singh, brother-in-law of
the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore, who died in 1873. The Mian is an
Extra Assistant Commissioner of the Punjab.
Residence. Nadaun, Ka~ngra, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 169
HARI SINGH, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. Is one of the Sikh Sardars of the Ludhiana
district, Punjab.
Residence. Ludhidna, Punjab.
HARI SINGH (of Pindit Lala), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is one of the Sardars of the Gujrat
district, Punjab.
Residence. Gujrat, Punjab.
HARI SINGH (of Akalgarh), Diwdn.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Gujranwala, Punjab.
HARI SINGH, SARDAR, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Sialkot, Punjab.
HARIHAR DATT DUBE (of Badlapur), Rdjd.
Born 1856. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family of Dube
Brahmans, who came originally from Amauli in the Fatehpur district, where
their ancestor, Sheo Lai, was an eminent banker. In 1788 Sheo Lai Dube
was appointed farmer of the revenues of Jaunpur by Mr. Jonathan Duncan,
the Resident at Benares ; and obtained the title of Raja for killing a noted
rebel named Saltanat Singh. The sanad conferring the tdluka of Badlapur
on Raja Sheo Lai Dube, dated November 1797, is in existence, and was
signed by Sir John Shore, then Governor-General. The present Raja is a
great-grandson of Raja Sheo Lai Dube, and is an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Jaunpur, North-Western Provinces.
HARIHAR SHASTRI DRAVIDA, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on i6th February 1887,
in recognition of his eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take
rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
HARILAL AMBASHANKAR, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1879.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
170 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
HARINDAR SINGH (of Kandaula), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary ; the Sardar belongs to the same family as those
of the Sardars Tara Singh of Manauli, Uttam Singh of Ghanauli, and
other Sardars of the Ambala division. For an account of the Kandaula
branch of this family, see Harbans Singh (of Kandaula), Sardar. The
Sardar is a grandson of Sardar Dayal Singh of Kandaula.
Residence. Kandaula, Ambdla, Punjab.
HARISH CHANDRA MITTRA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
HARNAM SINGH, AHLUWALLA, Kunwdr, C.LE.
Born i Qth January 1851. Is a son of His late Highness the Raja Sir
Randhir Singh, G. C.S.I., of Kapurthala, and only brother of the late Raja
Kharak Singh of Kapurthala, and uncle of the present Raja of Kapurthala
(q.v.) Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire on ist January 1885.
Residence. Kapurthala, Punjab.
HARNAM SINGH (of Kharar), Sarddr.
Born 1857. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Khatri family, whose
ancestor, Sardar Dayal Singh, took possession of considerable territory in the
Hoshiarpur, Firozpur, and Ambala districts. His sons were deprived of
much of their land by the Maharaja Ranjit Singh ; but the eldest, named
Sardar Dharm Singh, secured some lands in Kharar, Ambala district. His
grandsqn, Sardar Ganda Singh, rendered excellent services during the Mutiny
of 1857, and received a khilat from the Government in acknowledgment
thereof. He died at Patiala about the year 1876; and was succeeded by
his son, the present Sardar.
Residence. Amba"la, Punjab.
HARNAM SINGH (of Lidhran), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Ludhidna, Punjab.
HARNAM SINGH (of Moron), Sarddr.
Born 1 86 1. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat family, that came
originally from Varpal, in the Amritsar district. About 1759 Sardar Salig
Singh obtained possession of territory around Moron. The family fell under
the power of the Maharaja Sher Singh ; but when the Jalandhar doab was
ceded to the British after the first Sikh war, a considerable jdgir was con-
firmed to the head of the family in perpetuity, and is now enjoyed by Sardar
Harnam Singh.
Residence. Jalandhar, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 171
HARNARAYAN SINGH (of Hathras), Rdjd.
Born Qth December 1864. The title is personal, and was conferred on
ist January 1877, as a continuation of the title of the Raja's adoptive father,
Raja Gobind Singh of Hathras. Belongs to a Jat family, whose founder,
named Makhan, came from Raj putana about the year 1600, and settled in the
neighbourhood of Mursan. His great-grandson, Thakur Nand Ram, died
in 1696, leaving fourteen sons, of whom one was Zulkaran Singh, ancestor
of Raja Ghansham Singh of Mursan (q.v.\ and the other was Jai Singh.
The great-grandson of the latter, Thakur Daya Ram, established himself as
an independent Chief in his fortress of Hathras, at that time one of the
strongest in the country. The fortress was, however, captured by General
Marshall in 1817, and the Thakur's estates confiscated. The latter, on his
death in 1841, was succeeded by his son, Thakur Gobind Singh. He
distinguished himself by most valuable services during the Mutiny of 1857 ;
and was rewarded in 1858, by Lord Canning on behalf of Her Majesty, with
the title of Raja and extensive grants of land. Raja Gobind Singh was
succeeded by his adopted son, the present Raja ; who is an Honorary
Magistrate.
Residence. Aligarh, North- Western Provinces.
HARNATH CHAUDHRI (of Dubalhati), Rdjd Bahadur.
Born 1833. Is the son of the late Anandanath Rai, of Dubalhati in the
district of Rajshahi, Bengal \ who was descended through a long line of
ancestors from Kasiram Rai. The title of Raja Bahadur was conferred as a
personal distinction on the ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. The Raja
Bahadur had received the title of Raja on the i2th of March 1875, m recog-
nition of his eminent services during the famine of 1873-74.
Residence. Rajshdhi, Bengal.
HARO SUNDARI DBBIA (of Siarsol), Mahdrdni.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India. The Maharani had already received the title of Rani on i2th March
1875, f r ner eminent services during the famine of 1873-74. Belongs to a
family descended from Govinda Prasad Pandit.
Residence. Bardwan, Bengal.
HAROL, THAKUR JAWANSINGHJI, Thakur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1883 ; succeeded to the gadi 22nd March 1888. Belongs to a
Thakerda (Hindu) family. The State contains a population of nearly 3000,
chiefly Hindus. Its name is also spelt Hadol.
Residence. Harol, Mdhi Ka"ntha, Bombay.
172
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
HARSA SINGH (of Mughalchak), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to an ancient Sikh family, famous for
the conspicuous bravery of its members. Sardar Anup Singh, of Probyn's
Horse, was one of the most distinguished officers in the army throughout the
Mutiny campaigns of 1857, 1858, and 1859. He was present at the fall of
Delhi, at the capture of Lucknow, and on many other great occasions ; was
four times wounded, and had three horses wounded under him. He also
fought with great distinction in the China campaign in 1860, and subse-
quently in the disturbances on the north-west frontier. He twice received
the Order of Valour for bravery in the field. In 1876 he accompanied His
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales to England, and was honoured with the
marked approval of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen Empress and
the Royal Family. He died in 1885, amid universal expressions of regret,
and was succeeded by the present Sardar.
Residence. Mughal Chak, Gujra"nwala, Punjab.
HASAN ALI BEY BPPBNDI,
Khan Bahadur.
Is a leading member of the Karachi Bar,
and was in 1886 appointed Consul for Turkey
by His Imperial Majesty the Sultan. Presi-
dent of the Sind Branch of the Central National
Muhammadan Association, 1884; also Presi-
dent of the Karachi Madrasa Board, managing
the Karachi Muhammadan College, which has
an endowment fund of about six lakhs of
rupees.
Residence. Karachi, Bombay.
HASAN ALI walad MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
HASAN ALI walad MUHAMMAD AISAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
HASAN ALI KHAN, C.I.E., Nawdb.
The title is hereditary. The Nawab was created a Companion of the
Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire 5th February 1881.
Residence. Baluchistan.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 173
HASAN ALI KHAN, MIR, His Highness.
The title is personal. His Highness is the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
HATI SINGH (of Chandgarh), Rao.
Born 5th September 1844. The title is hereditary, and is said to have
been originally conferred by Gori Shah Padishah. The family is descended
from Prithi Singh, who was eleventh in descent from the famous Bhoj Raj.
Residence. Nimdr, Central Provinces.
174 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
HATWA, MAHARAJA SIR KRISHNA PARTAB SAHI
BAHADUR, K.C.I.B., Maharaja Bahadur of.
Born October 1857. Belongs to a Baghochhia Brahman family, that
claims to have been settled as Rajas in the district of Saran for 102 generations.
The patronymic of the earlier Rajas was " Sen," this in the sixteenth descent
was changed to "Singh," in the eighty-third to "Mai," and in the eighty-seventh
to "Sahi." The traditions of the family state that the title of Maharaja was con-
ferred on the eighty-sixth in this line, the Maharaja Kalyan Mai, and that of Maha-
raja Bahadur on the eighty-seventh, the Maharaja Isham Karan Sahi Bahadur,
both by the Emperor of Delhi. In the time of Akbar it is said that the
Maharaja Jubraj Sahi Bahadur obtained possession of Pargana Sipa by killing
the Muhammadan Chief Kabul Muhammad, probably one of those Muham-
madan Chiefs who had rebelled against the Imperial authority in Southern
Behar. Four generations later the Maharaja Sardar Sahi invaded the Majauli
Raj, and destroyed their garh or fort, and imposed as terms of peace on the
Chief of Majauli the condition that he and his descendants were not to dis-
play their nishans and dunkas (flags and drums) till these should be re-
taken from the Hasipur (or Hatwa) Rajas. The eldest son of the Maharaja
Sardar Sahi died before his father ; he was succeeded by the second son, the
Maharaja Fateh Sahi Bahadur, who was a rebel against the British Govern-
ment in 1767, in the time of Warren Hastings, and ultimately fled to the
Gorakhpur jungles. His cousin, Babu Bassant Sahi, displayed his loyalty
by assisting the Government with his retainers, and doing all in his power
to arrest Fateh Sahi. But in 1775 he was surprised by the rebel and killed,
and his widow ascended the funeral pyre, and was burnt with her husband's
head on her lap. Bassant Sahi's son, Babu Mahes Datt Sahi, followed in his
father's footsteps, and the Government was about to proclaim him the rightful
successor of the rebel Fateh Sahi when he died, leaving a son, Babu after-
wards Maharaja Chhatardhari Sahi. In 1790, when the Decennial Settle-
ment was in contemplation, Lord Cornwallis, after inquiring into all the
facts and the usages of the family, granted to the latter the estates of Fateh
Sahi; and in 1837 the title of Maharaja Bahadur was conferred upon him.
This title was renewed in October 1858 in favour of the Maharaja Rajendar
Partab Sahi, and by the sanad of 3ist August 1874 in favour of the present
Maharaja Bahadur. At the time of the Santal insurrection, and again during
the Mutiny of 1857, the Maharaja Chhatardhari Sahi Bahadur rendered most
valuable services to the Government, and was rewarded at the close of the
Mutiny with the grant of a portion of the confiscated estates of the rebel
Kunwar Singh. He was succeeded by his great-grandson, the late Maharaja
Rajendra Partab Sahi Bahadur, who died in 1871, leaving a minor son, the
present Maharaja, The latter attained his majority and was installed on the
gadi on 3ist August 1874. He received a medal of distinction at the
Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation
of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, and in 1889 he was
created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire. The family cognisance consists of a shield between two swords,
with tigers as supporters, and underneath is the motto f{ tnihT
Residence. Hatwa, Saran, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 175
HAZURA SINGH, SUBAHDAR, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 25th March 1880.
Residence. Rewa, Central India.
HIMMAT SINGH (of Katra Balkheda), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Katra Balkheda, Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
HINDOL, RAJA JANARDAN MARDRAJ JAGDEB, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bom 1855 ; succeeded to the gadi i8th July 1877. The title of Raja
has always been enjoyed by the head of this family since Mahratta times, and
was formally recognised by Government in 1874. The State was founded
by two brothers named Lakshman Mahratta and Bharat Mahratta, scions of
the family of the Khemdi Raja in Ganjam. The present Raja, who suc-
ceeded his brother, Raja Fakir Singh Mardraj Jagdeb, is stated to be twenty-
fifth in succession from them. His father was Raja Ishwar Singh Mardraj
Jagdeb. The family cognisance is a dagger. The area of the State is 312
miles; its population 33,802, chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a mili-
tary force of 148 infantry and 2 guns. The State is one of the Orissa
Tributary Mahals.
Residence. Hindol, Orissa, Bengal.
HINDUPAT (of Bharrai), Rao Saheb.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary, and was originally conferred on Rati
Rao, the founder of the family, by the old Mahratta Government of Deori.
Has two sons Diwan Malkhan Singh and Diwan Gajraj Singh.
Residence. Sdgar, Central Provinces.
HINDUPAT (of Ghat Piparia), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary. The present Thakur is the son of the late
Thakur Orjuri Singh. The family is descended from ancestors who obtained
the village of Ghat Piparia, with the title of Thakur, from the old Mahratta
Government of Sagar. ,
Residence. Ghat Piparia, Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
HINDUR (NALAGARH), RAJA ISRI SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1832 ; succeeded to the gadi i6th December 1876. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, whose founder was named Aji Singh, and the present
Raja is twenty-fifth in succession from him. The State was overrun by the
Gurkhas, but they were expelled by the British forces in 1815-16, and in
that year the Raja received a sanad confirming him in the possession of all
176 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
his territory except the fort of Malaun, for which the Thdkuri of Barauli was
substituted. Subsequently, in 1846, the fort was restored to him. The area
of the State is 249 square miles; its population is 53,373, chiefly Hindus,
but including 7201 Muhammadans. The Raja maintains a military force of
375 infantry and 4 guns.
Residence. Hindur, Punjab.
HIBA, RAW AT (of Dewair), Thdkur Rdwat.
The title was conferred on ist January 1877 as a personal distinction, on
the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress
of India.
Residence. Merwara.
HIRA SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
The- title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for
eminent official services in the Survey.
Residence. Survey of India.
HIRA SINGH, MAN (of Manawala), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Man Jat family, descended from
Sardar Sarja Singh, whose grandson, Colonel Budh Singh, Man, served
throughout the Sutlej Campaign, and after its close was sent with the Sher
Singh brigade to assist the Maharaja Gulab Singh to subdue the rebellion in
Kashmir. The Colonel rendered excellent service in this campaign; and
also throughout the Multan rebellion (or second Sikh war), in which he was
severely wounded when fighting gallantly under Major Nicholson against the
rebels in the Margalla Pass. On the annexation he was rewarded with
extensive lands. On his death he was succeeded by his son, the present
Sardar.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
HIRA SINGH, SARDAR (of Jamdan), Rdjd.
Born 5th May 1839. The title of Raja was conferred on yth December
1888 as a personal distinction, to mark the appreciation of the Government
of the Sardar's exertions for the improvement of agriculture in Oudh. Is the
son of Sardar Bahadur Jai Singh, of the Gondon Khatri Sikh family of
Jamdan, who was an officer in the army of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of
Lahore ; was subsequently appointed by Lord Lawrence to the ist Sikhs.
For his gallant conduct and loyalty during the Mutiny of 1857 he was made
a Sardar Bahadur; and in 1858 was rewarded with a large grant of lands.
He died in November 1865, and was succeeded by his son, the present
Raja, who was himself a distinguished officer in Fane's Horse, and served
through the Mutiny campaigns and in the China war. Since his retirement
from the army he has lived for many years on his estates in Oudh, devoting
himself to their improvement.
Residence. Bahraich, Oudh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 177
HIRAPUR, RAO CHHATAR SINGH, Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1821 ; succeeded to the gadi ist May 1841. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family. The population of the State is 963, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Hirapur, Bhopdl, Central India.
HITTU RAM, C.I.B., Rai Bahadur.
Born 1842. Has long been a distinguished political officer on the
frontier of Baluchistan and Afghanistan, having entered the service in 1859,
when he received a reward for preparing a " History of Dera Ghazi Khan
District and Frontier." Appointed to special duty for Kalat in 1875 ;
accompanied Sir Robert Sandeman on two missions to Kalat, and received
a khilat in 1877 for his services thereon, also the title of Rai. Appointed
Extra Assistant Commissioner of the Punjab in 1879; and in same year
received a khilat at the Kalat Darbar, and was placed in charge of Sibi
district. Received the title of Rai Bahadur as a personal distinction, 2oth
April 1 88 1, having served in the Political Department throughout the Afghan
war of 1 880-8 1, with medal. In the same year he received a jdgir, and in
1882 was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire. Was in charge of arrangements for supplies, etc., for the Afghan
Boundary Commission, 1884, across the Baluch Desert; and received thanks
of Government for the same. Was on special duty in the Bolan Pass, in the
military preparations for the expected outbreak of hostilities between England
and Russia, March 1884 to November 1885. Deputed to hold charge of
Las Bela State on the death of the Jam in 1889, pending installation of
successor; and was on special duty with Sir R. Sandeman in 1889-91, and
specially commended.
Residence. Sibi, Baluchistan.
HLAING, MAUNG- (Shwedabo of Baw), Thuye-gaung Ngweda
ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888. It means
" Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the letters
T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Shan State of Baw, Burma. -
HLB, MAUNG, Ahmiidan gaung Tazeik-ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889. It means
"Recipient of the Medal of Honour for Good Service," and is indicated by
the letters A.T.M. after the name.
Residence. Maulmein, Burma.
X
173 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
HMB, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Sahue ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Prome, Burma.
HOLKAR, His Highness the Maharaja Bahadur (of Indore}. See Indore.
HOPON, KUN WARA, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The area of the State, which is one of the Shan States on the frontier of
Burma, is about 400 square miles.
Residence. Hopon, Burma.
HORMASJI ADARJI PATBL, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
HOSHANGJI JAMASPJI, DASTUR, Khan Bahadur, Shams-ul-Ulama.
These titles are personal; the first was conferred on ist January 1878,
and the second on ist January 1890. The title of Shams-ul-Ulama entitles
the Khan Bahadur who is also a " Dastur " or High Priest of the Parsis of
the Deccan to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Nawabs. The
Dastur Jamaspassa family are descended from Assaji. The last Dastur
of that family, the Dastur Nasarwanji Jamaspji, Khan Bahadur, rendered
valuable services to Government during the time of the Mutiny; and
received the title of Khan Bahadur as a reward for them in 1868. The
title of Shams-ul-Ulama was conferred on Dastur Hoshangji Jamaspji in
recognition of .his eminence in oriental learning.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
HUSAIN walad SHAIKH MADAR, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
HUSAIN BAKHSH walad GHULAM HAIDAR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
HUSSAN. See Hasan.
HUTWA, Maharaja Bahadur of. See Hatwa.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
179
HYDERABAD (or, The Deccan), His Highness the Nizam of, G. C.S.I.
A Ruling Chief, and the Premier Prince of the Indian Empire.
Born 1 8th August 1866; succeeded to the masnad as a minor, on the
death of his father, His late Highness the Nizam Afzul-ud-daula, 26th
^February 1869.
The Nizam's full titles are His
Highness Asaf Jah, Muzaffar-ul-
Mamalik, Rustam-i-Dauran, Arastu-i-
Zaman, Nizam-ul-Mulk, Nizam -ud-
daula, Nawab Mir Sir Mahbub AH
Khan Bahadur, Fath Jang, Knight
Grand Commander of the Most
Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Belongs to a family of the highest
antiquity and importance among
Muhammadan rulers, being lineally
descended from the first Khalif,
Abu Bakr, the successor of the
Prophet. His descendant, after a
long line of intervening generations,
was the Turkoman Chief named
Ghazi-ud-din, one of the greatest of the Generals of the Emperor Aurangzeb,
who was the hero of the capture of Bijapur in 1686 A.D. ; he was
largely concerned in the overthrow both of that kingdom and of the
Golkonda dynasty, and in the establishment of the Mughal power in
the Deccan, which then became a subah (or province) of the Mughal
Empire of Delhi. His son and successor was Chin Kulij Khan, 1
better known as the great Asaf Jah, the real founder of the Hyderabad
dynasty. He was bom in 1644; and in 1713 was appointed Subahddr or
Viceroy of the Deccan by the Emperor Farukh Siyar, with the title of Nizam-
ul-Mulk (Administrator of the Country), which has ever since been retained
by his descendants. He reigned till 1748, attaining the great age of 104;
and throughout this lengthened career, with occasional vicissitudes of fortune,
1 Ktilij or Qulij sometimes spelt Chillich is the Turki word for sword ; and Kulij
Khan, as a title, bears the same meaning as the Persian Shamsher Khan. On the title of
Asaf Jah, subsequently borne by the Nawab Chin Kulij Khan and his descendants, the
learned Professor Blochmann gives this note : " Asaf was the name of the Vazir of Solomon,
who like his master is proverbial in the East for wisdom. During the reign of Akbar three
grandees received this title. Badaoni, to avoid confusion, numbers them Asaf Khan I., II.,
and III. . . . Jahangir conferred the title of Asaf Khan (IV.) on Abul Hasan, elder brother
of the Empress Nur Jahan, and father of the Empress Mumtaz Mahal (or Taj Bibi, Shah-
jahan's wife), whose mother was a daughter of Asaf Khan II. During the reign of Shahjahan,
when titles containing the word Dauld were revived, Asaf Khan was changed to Asaf-ud-
dauld ; and this title was conferred on Asaf-ud-daula Jumlat-ul-Mulk Asad Jang, a relation
of Asaf Khan IV. Under Ahmad Shah, lastly, we find Asaf-ud-daula Amir-ul-Mamalik,
whose name, like that of his father, Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah, occurs so often in later Indian
history."
As the ancient titles of the Mughal Empire are retained among the nobles of the Deccan,
and are still conferred by His Highness the Nizam, it may here be noted that in ascending
order they contain the words Jang, Dauld, Mulk, and Umara or Jah. Titles containing
the words Jah or Umara may be compared with English Dukes or Marquesses ; those con-
taining Mttlk with English Earls ; those containing Dauld with Viscounts ; and those
containingya7Z- with Barons.
i8o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
he continually increased his power during the days of the declining vigour of
the Mughal Empire.
The dynasty, thus established as the greatest native Power in the Indian
Peninsula, has been almost uniformly closely attached to the British Power in
India, and has consequently obtained from English writers the style of " Our
faithfully ally the Nizam." At all the most critical periods in the history of
the Indian Empire in the Mysore wars, in the Mahratta wars, during the
Mutiny of 1857, and recently when Russian invasion seemed probable the
Nizam of the day has always rendered invaluable help.
Of Asaf Jah, the founder of the dynasty, an English writer thus
speaks :
" Content, however, with actual sovereignty, he never assumed its title and
insignia. The family, indeed, to the last professed subordination to the Court of
Delhi, and the Nizam's successors continued to be formally confirmed by mandates
from the Mogul Emperors. The immunity enjoyed by Nizam-ool-Moolk, in a
practical surrender of the Deccan to his rule, appears to have been merely due
to his essential importance as the only available check to the growing power and
harassing incursions of the Mahrattas a constant source of disturbance and
alarm to his titular master. The evening of his eventful life, whose span is said
to have exceeded a century, was spent by the first Nizam with singular retention
of extraordinary physical and mental faculties, in his so strangely gained prin-
cipality, when death closed in 1748 a career remarkable and prominent in a
stirring and productive time. Impartial estimates of his character can hardly be-
grudge his descendants a pride in the founder of their name and renown, for his
politic compass and tenacious hold of independent power were unstained by
treachery or cruelty, and the later annals of the family are similarly clear of the
grosser incidents of conquests. He left them, too, an example of equanimity
undaunted in adversity and superior to elation by success." 1
After the death of the aged Nizam-ul-Mulk the throne of the Deccan
was long and fiercely contended for, with varying fortunes, by his grandson
Muzaffar Jang, and his sons (uncles of Muzaffar Jang), known as Ghazi-ud-din,
Nasir Jang, Salabat Jang, and Nizam Ali. Involved in these wars were also
the English and French forces in the Carnatic, and the armies of the Mahrattas
and of the Nawabs of Arcot. It was the Nizam Salabat Jang who finally
adopted the city of Hyderabad, on the river Musi, as his capital ; its ancient
name was Bhagnagar, and it had been founded in 1585 by Muhammad Kutb
Shah, King of Golkonda. In 1761 Salabat Jang was dethroned by his
brother Nizam Ali, who put him to death in 1763, and reigned till 1803
playing a prominent part during the whole of that period in the incessant
wars with the English, the Mahrattas, and the Sultans of Mysore, Haidar and
Tippu. The first treaty between the British Power and the Nizam was con-
cluded in 1766, followed by great and permanent treaties in 1798 and 1800.
In accordance with these engagements, after the defeats of the Mahrattas at
Laswari and Assaye, the Nizam received large accessions of territory, including
the great and rich province of Berar ; and similarly after the conquest of
Tippu the Nizam shared in the division of territory. Nizam Ali died in
1803, and was succeeded by his son, the Nizam Sikandar Jah, who was
served in turn by three famous Prime Ministers, Mir Alam, Munir-ul-Mulk,
1 Quoted in the learned and voluminous History of Hyderabad Affairs, compiled for
private circulation in 1883 by the Maulavi Sayyid Mehdi Ali, Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk,
Secretary to the Government of His Highness the Nizam.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 181
and the Raja Chandu Lai. In 1829 Sikandar Jah was succeeded by his
son, the Nizam Nasir-ud-daula, who reigned till 1857. He had no great
liking for affairs of State, which he left largely to the care of his Prime
Minister, the Nawab Suraj-ul-Mulk, who died in 1853, when the Nizam
appointed his nephew, the well-known Sir Salar Jang, to succeed him in the
office of Minister. Nasir-ud-daula is described as having " a gracious dis-
position to private charity, and with much bountiful kindness to his de-
pendants." He died in May 1857, just before the outbreak of the Mutiny,
and was succeeded by His late Highness the Nizam Afzul-ud-daula, father of
the present Nizam.
The loyalty of the late Nizam and his troops during the crisis of 1857
has been well commemorated by an English writer in the following
words :
"When, on the I7th of July in that memorable year, after a frantic pro-
mulgation of Jihad or Holy War on the part of the indigenous Muhammadans of
both Southern and Northern India, the Rohillas attacked the Residency, and
were repulsed by troops under the command of the late Colonel Briggs, had the
Nizam, untried as he then was, aided the movement, or even openly avowed
sympathy with the mutineers, there can be no doubt that any success at Hydera-
bad would have proved a signal for revolt to the bigoted and fanatic Muhammadan
population, not only there, but in all Central, Western, and Southern India,
and that our terrible straits elsewhere would have been multiplied and sorely
aggravated. For we had at the time but one European corps at Secunderabad,
the military station, and camped at Trimulgherry, about two miles from the
central arsenal, which must have been left in the charge of native soldiers if
attacked from the capital. . . . But the Nizam was firm in his alliance, attracting
to our side all that was respectable in his Court and capital. The traditions of
the family also, and old memories of rescue from the Mahrattas, were with us,
and not inefficacious in our hour of need.
"And now for the behaviour of the Hyderabad contingent. In this force,
recollect, are thousands of the same caste as those whose relatives elsewhere were
murdering their officers, or marching towards the Mogul standard at Delhi.
From these came emissaries, not only to their brethren of the contingent, with
letters and personal entreaties to join, but to the Court itself. The greater
portion of the contingent was presently ordered into the .field, and a brigade of
all arms was pushed into Central India, where they fought, under Sir Hugh Rose,
with bravery and endurance unsurpassed by any corps in the Service. With only
eighteen hours' warning, i.e. receiving their orders at seven in the morning, and
starting at midnight of the same day, these troops took the field, and were absent
from their homes for fifteen months, remaining the whole of that time under
canvas, leaving their own fertile plain of the Deccan behind them, until, after
fighting their way inch by inch, they bathed in the holy river at Calpee, after a
signal victory obtained over the rebels at that place. Instancing a few of their
exploits, I may mention that at Mehidpoor, the seat of former triumph to the
contingent, when they formed a part of Sir John Malcolm's army in 1817, they
arrived, after a forced march of sixty miles, in time to rescue an English lady ;
and finding that the enemy, consisting of the Mehidpoor contingent and the
escaped garrison of Dhar, had made away with the Mehidpoor battery and
arsenal stores, they immediately, after despatching Mrs. Timmins to the camp of
the Bombay column, rattled off in pursuit, the enemy having got several hours'
start of them. They overtook the rascals late in the afternoon, about twelve
miles distant from Mehidpoor, charged, and captured both battery and stores,
cutting up a large number of mutineers, and severing at a blow, from the enemy,
182 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
most important means of offence and defence, which a week later would assuredly
have been in position and used against us when the great battle, which lasted
throughout four days, was fought at Mundessoor. The troops, especially the
native portion, lived almost entirely on parched grain collected from the fields in
the neighbourhood, and immediately submitted to the process of hand manipula-
tion over the fire. It is not my intention to trace here the further exploits of the
Hyderabad contingent troops, beyond noticing the fact of their rapid journeys in
advance of the main columns they accompanied, returning only to headquarters
when a general action was to be fought. On the thousands of miles marched by
the cavalry of this force, accompanied often by the infantry and artillery, I need
not dwell. Sir Hugh Rose termed these troops 'the wings of my army.' With
the restoration of peace came full time for recognising the Nizam's fidelity and
active aid. Presents to the value of ,10,000 were made to His Highness, and
the Star of India was conferred on him. The territory transferred in '53 to our
management was now yielding more than the requisite revenue, and a new arrange-
ment was accordingly proposed, under which, in 1860, districts of the value of
13 lacs were restored to the Nizam, together with a transfer of the principality
of Shorapoor, whose Rajah had been seduced into the rebellion of the Southern
Mahratta country. This acquisition affords an annual surplus of ,15,000. We
also remitted the entire debt."
The Nizam Afzul-ud-daula, G. C.S.I., died in 1869, and was succeeded
by his son, the present Nizam, who has followed all the best traditions of his
ancestors, and has demonstrated his attachment to the Empire in even more
striking fashion. In 1885 he offered to send troops to aid the Government
in Egypt ; and in the same year, when there was a menace of Russian
aggression on the Afghan frontier, he repeated the generous offer. But it
was in 1887, in the year of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's
reign, that His Highness gave the most signal proof of his princely loyalty.
In August of that year His Highness wrote the following most remarkable
and patriotic letter to the Viceroy of India :
" HYDERABAD, August 26.
11 MY FRIEND, No inhabitant can be indifferent to the persistent advance
of another great military power towards India ; to the necessity that exists for
putting the frontier in a proper state of defence ; and to the burden it imposes
on those charged with its safety and the care of the Empire. All who have the
welfare of India at heart are bound to consider what should be done, and to
show they are heartily in sympathy with those who are endeavouring to place
the frontier in a proper state of defence, so as to ward off all danger from our
hearths and homes. The Princes of India have not been blind to the movement
of events. We realise the financial responsibility the present state of affairs
imposes on the Indian Exchequer. It seems to me that the time has arrived for
showing in some open manner that India is united on this question, and for that
reason I write now to spontaneously offer to the Imperial Government a con-
tribution from the Hyderabad State of twenty lakhs annually for three years, for
the exclusive purpose of Indian frontier defence. This is my offer in time of
peace. At a later stage you can count upon my sword. Your sincere friend,
" MIR MAHBUB ALI KHAN."
The effect of this letter on public opinion throughout the world was very
great. Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen Empress was pleased to
express her warm appreciation of the loyal action of His Highness in the
following letter, by His Excellency the Viceroy's hand :
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 183
"SIMLA, October*].
" MY FRIEND, I have received from Colonel Marshall your letter of the
26th of August, and send this reply by his hands. It is difficult for me to
express in fitting terms my sense of the ready loyalty and goodwill which have
prompted your Highness to come forward at this time with so generous an offer,
emanating as its does from the head of one of the largest and most important
States in India. It is indeed a striking proof of the friendly feelings entertained
towards Her Majesty and -the British Government by the Princes of the Empire ;
and I had the greatest satisfaction in acquainting the Queen Empress with the
contents of your Highness's kharita. There is no doubt that the advance of a
great military power towards the borders of India has imposed on the Govern-
ment the obligation of taking those precautions for the defence of our frontier
which are adopted by all nations on becoming conterminous with each other, no
matter how friendly their existing relations. This duty undoubtedly has con-
siderably added, and will continue to add for some time, to the expenditure of
the Government of India ; and it is a convincing proof both of your Highness's
statesmanlike capacity as well as of your generosity that you should have been
the first among the Princes of India to recognise the principle that the Native
States are as much interested as the rest of the Indian population in assisting
the Government to take whatever measures may be necessary to preserve the
borders of the Empire from any dangers which may arise from external com-
plications. Again thanking your Highness in the name of my Government, as
well as in the name of Her Majesty and the Government of England, for the
noble example which you have set, I remain, my friend, yours sincerely,
" DUFFERIN."
And the appreciation of the people of England of the friendly action of
the First Prince of the Indian Empire was aptly expressed in the following
leading article in the Times :
" This is an intimation, which no one can misinterpret, that the great Native
Courts, who are outside the red line of British administration, have been alive to
the incessant encroachments of Russia in the direction of India, and now per-
ceive that this advance constitutes a danger for them as well as for us. We
believe that feeling is shared by every potentate, great or small, from Travancore
to Cashmere, yet it has remained voiceless, not for want of will, but rather of
knowledge as to how and when to speak. With remarkable acumen the Nizam
has not only seen that the time has come, but he has chosen the very best and
the most original mode of giving vent to the pent-up feeling of a large section of
the Indian population. In time of war and invasion, or, indeed, of any military
operations beyond the frontier, the rulers of the Native States would be com-
pelled to play a certain part, and we should receive, as we have received before,
the offer of their military contingents. But we are fortunately not in any immi-
nent risk of war or invasion, although we have sanctioned an expenditure of some
ten millions sterling on frontier defence, and it is this which makes the Nizam's
princely gift all the more gratifying and significant. There is absolutely no prece-
dent in Indian history for the Nizam taking this step in time of peace, nor, indeed,
for any Native Court admitting the least responsibility in regard to the financial
embarrassments of the Central Government, even if caused by expenditure on
objects from which that Court derives a direct benefit. The action of the Nizam,
magnificent in itself, is enhanced by all the attendant circumstances. It is quite
unexpected, the step having been taken by the Nizam entirely on his own
initiative. . . . W T e can assure His Highness that his generous friendship will
wake a responsive feeling in the breasts of the British people, not merely for the
noble proportions of his contribution to frontier defence, but for the loyal feelings
184 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
which inspired him to place on unmistakable record before the world the unanimity
of opinion in India on the subjects of English rule and Russian aggression.
The Nizam's act cannot fail to arouse our enthusiasm at the same time that it
furnishes a unique compliment to our authority and power.
" The impression produced by the Nizam's letter will not be limited to India
or this country, although its full effect will be felt most in the Peninsula of
Hindostan, where the ruler of Hyderabad speaks as the great political chief
among the fifty million Mahomedans of the Empire. The great service which
he has rendered our Government and cause is that, at a moment when even the
suspicion of compulsion could not exist, he has come forward with the frank
declaration that in his opinion every ruler and native of India has a common
interest in the security of the country against external attack. In doing this he
has not only committed his own person and dynasty to a policy of implacable
hostility to a foreign invader, but he has set all the feudatories of the Indian
Empire a splendid example. If any other Indian chief had taken this step the
deed would have been in a personal sense quite as gratifying, but it would not
have possessed the same political significance. When an Indian Mahomedan
talks of the secular power of Islam, his expressed thought may be for the Sultan
as Caliph, but his real conviction is that for him personally the Nizam is quite
as important a personage. The Nizam has spoken not only * as the oldest ally
of the English in India,' but as the foremost Mahomedan potentate in our
quarter of Asia. He is an infinitely greater prince, tested by his revenue, the
number of his subjects, and his own personal enlightenment and that of his
Government, than the Ameer of Bokhara, who is termed the Head of Islam in
Central Asia. . . . The silly stories which those adventurers who wish to make
a livelihood out of Russian credulity have been circulating about English oppres-
sion in India, and especially at the expense of Mahomedans, have now received
the clearest possible refutations at the hands of the most representative Mahome-
dan prince in the Peninsula. The Nizam's letter is also .important as putting an
end to all possible ambiguity as to the cordial relations and good understanding
subsisting between the Central Government and the chief feudatories of India.
A great deal too much notice has been paid to alleged disaffection at native
courts and capitals, instigated by outside intriguers ; and the armies and the
social state of Native States, kept up in conformity with written treaty, may
perhaps have been scanned with too closely critical an eye under the sudden
perception of what might be a concealed danger. The Nizam's letter annihilates
such petty and personal criticism. It is impossible after this to suspect Hydera-
bad of being less staunch in the cause of defending India than ourselves ; and
when the greatest and most powerful of Indian States is thus outspoken we may
feel sure that the rest will not lag far behind. The Nizam has been good
enough to take the most effectual steps to shatter the pleasing belief of Russian
commanders and some Continental critics, that when the Czar's armies move
towards the Indus the discontented princes and peoples, alienated by the greed
and tyranny of England, will rise to welcome them as deliverers, so that the
contest will be virtually over before the first shot is fired. . . . The present
Nizam has bettered his predecessor's example. He has anticipated the crisis
which may be before that country, and he declares in the most emphatic and
unequivocal manner that if the fatal hour comes he will be with us, and that
' England can count on his sword.' This we never doubted, but what is as
surprising as it is welcome is that he has discovered the very best way to convince
the world that his words are sincere, and not mere lip service. It would be
futile to talk of making the Nizam some adequate return, for there is no repaying
such generosity and cordiality as he has shown. But we cannot do less than
admit that he acquires an additional claim on our confidence and consideration
by conferring an inestimable service on the whole of the Empire, and one which
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 185
no one but he, as the first of Indian princes, and the greatest magnate in alliance
with the Crown, could have rendered with the same effect. British politicians
can learn from his action the moral that British authority in India is both
popular and useful, and at the same time that the menace from Russia is
regarded by the responsible representatives of the Peninsula as a real and
growing danger. In the union of those who will suffer from it is to be found
absolute security, both now and in the future, and the Nizam has shown that
this union exists."
In November 1892 the Marquess of Lansdowne visited His Highness's
capital in State, as Viceroy of. India; and was entertained at dinner
by the Nizam, who took the opportunity, when proposing the health of his
distinguished guest, to reiterate his sentiments of loyalty and friendliness
in the following words :
" The historical friendship that has existed between my State and the British
Government has not been confined to mere mellifluous words, but has been
tested by deeds deeds in which the best blood of Hyderabad was shed in
defence of British interests, deeds in which British blood was spilt in defending
the throne of a faithful ally. This friendship is a most precious legacy left to me
by my ancestors, which I am not only most anxious to maintain but to increase
by continuous deeds of loyal amity."
And the speech of the Viceroy reciprocated these sentiments ; the following
is an extract from it :
" His Highness the Niza"m rules over an area of 100,000 square miles and a
population of over eleven millions of human beings. It is perhaps instructive, in
order to give a correct idea of the importance of the State, to recall the fact that
its population is about five times that of Denmark, considerably more than double
the population of the Netherlands, of Norway, Sweden, and of Turkey in Europe,
while it is also considerably more than double that of the great island Continent of
Australia and of that vast Dominion of Canada in which I had for some years the
honour of representing Her Majesty. His Highness's territories comprise some
of the richest in natural resources of any in India, and it is not too much to say
that given a Government founded upon justice and personal security, there is no
reason why the State should not be what His Highness, I am sure, desires it to
be, an example to the rest. And I may add that there is no ruler whom, upon
personal grounds, the Government of India is more desirous of supporting and
encouraging in the discharge of his onerous duties than His Highness the Nizdm.
" I have had the advantage of meeting several of those who have had official
relations with him, and they are all agreed in bearing witness to the personal
qualities which have attracted to him the sympathy and goodwill of those with
whom he has been brought into contact. It is satisfactory to know that he has
on more than one occasion shown by his acts that he is sincerely anxious to do
his duty as the ruler of this important State. I may refer in illustration of my
meaning to the liberality with which the support of the State has been given to
such useful measures as the improvement of the water-supply of Secunderabad,
and to the public spirit shown by His Highness in connection with the appoint-
ment of the Chloroform Commission, ably presided over by Surgeon-Lieutenant-
Colonel Lawrie an enquiry which has already produced scientific results of
importance, and which shows that His Highness is prepared to recognise the
claims of a philanthropy transcending the limits of his own possessions."
The progress of the State of Hyderabad under the rule of this brave and
186 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
patriotic Prince has been most surprising, and is evident in every department
of public affairs. In communication and means of locomotion, in education,
in sanitation, in the administration of justice, police, and prisons, in finance,
in revenue-administration and surveys, and in every other department, the
most thorough reforms have been attempted with marked success. The
recent increase in trade and manufactures cotton-spinning, cloth and silk
weaving, shawl-making and the like has been most marked. It is not too
much to say that the Nizam is idolised by his people ; on the occasion of his
serious illness in 1884, the prayers in all the mosques, and the public
anxiety throughout the State, reminded fvery one of the feeling evoked in
England by the illness of the Prince of Wales. The Nizam has had the
advantage of being served by many of the ablest and most experienced and
successful Statesmen that India has produced, among whom the most
prominent have been the late Sir Salar Jang, the late Shams-ul-Umara, and
the living members of the great Shamsiya family Sir Asman Jah, Sir
Khurshid Jah, and the Vikar-ul-Umara. And to these may be added the
Nawab Safdar Jang, Mushir-ud-daula, Fakhr-ul-Mulk Bahadur, Minister of
Justice ; the Nawab Shahab Jang, Mukhtar-ud-daula Bahadur, Minister of
Police ; the Nawab Nizam Yar Jang, Hasim-ul-Mulk, Khan-i-Khanan, Minister
of the Miscellaneous Department ; and the Nawab Asaf Yar-ud-daula, Asaf
Yar-ul-Mulk Bahadur, Member of Council. And among the Ministers who
have successfully administered the important Departments of State under the
Council may be mentioned the Nawab Mehdi AH (Mohsin-ul-Mulk), the
Nawab Mushtak Husain (Vikar-ul-Mulk), the Nawab Mehdi Hasan (Fateh
Nawaz Jang), the Nawab Sayyid Husain AH Bilgrami (Imad-ul-Mulk), the
Nawab Chiragh AH (Azam Yar Jang), and the Sardar Diler Jang (Diler-ud-
daula). By the aid of these Ministers His Highness has developed his
State by a great railway which he opened in person on the 3rd of April
1886; he has established an extensive system of public instruction, based
on the most perfect models, both for elementary and for secondary education ;
he has purified the administration of justice, and put it on a par with that in
British India ; he has repaired the neglect of centuries in the maintenance
and construction of tanks and wells, and in the sanitation of the great cities
of the State, and especially in the capital. He has introduced and largely
carried out a scientific system of Revenue Survey, and safeguarded the rights
of the poorer cultivators. The great central jail of Hyderabad, although it
contains some of the most desperate criminals in India, is admirably arranged
and administered, and is becoming a valuable centre for jail-manufactures.
His Highness has cared for the medical wants of his female subjects by
employing lady-doctors, establishing schools for the training of nurses, and by
many similar benefactions. Some of the sons of the Hyderabad nobles are
sent to England, at the cost of the State, to be educated. The Nizam has
also established a system of famine-relief, for use in time of famine, based
on the Report of Sir James Caird's Famine Commission, that may be
compared with that of British India. In every way the progress attained,
especially of late, has been most remarkable and gratifying.
His Highness's personal staff is at present constituted as follows : Private
Secretary, the Nawab Imad-iri-Mulk Bahadur ; Military Secretary and Aides-
de-Camp, the Nawab Mahbub Yar Jang Bahadur, Major the Nawab Afsar
Jang Bahadur, and the Nawab Dawar-ul-Mulk Bahadur ; Surgeon-in-attendance,
the Nawab Sultan-ul-Hukama.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 187
The family banner of the Nizam is coloured yellow, and it bears in its
centre a disc, which represents the " Lucky Chapati " of the first Nizam.
This family cognisance took its origin in the following incident. When the
first Nizam was departing to the wars in the Deccan, a holy man came
forward to give his benediction to the hero of the faith, and presented him
with a chapdti as an emblem of good fortune ; this chapdti the warrior carried
with him as an amulet through all his successful campaigns, and his
descendants have ever since borne the device called the kulcha on their
banner.
The Nizam rules his State in a constitutional manner, through the medium
of a Prime Minister His Excellency Sir Asman Jah, K.C.I.E. with a
Council of State, whose chief member is the Vikar-ul-Umara. His Highness
has fixed days in the week when he transacts public business with the
Council ; and thrice a week the Prime Minister attends at the Palace, with
all reports, financial statements, and other documents, thereby keeping the
Nizam fully informed of the state of public affairs. His Highness is said to
take a personal interest in all that goes on ; and indeed, for some time before
the appointment of the present Prime Minister, he acted as his own Minister,
with the aid of an English officer lent him by the Viceroy. He is a keen
sportsman, and a proficient in all manly exercises, especially in that of tent-
pegging, which is his great amusement, and in which he is very expert.
The area of the Nizam's dominions including the Berars or Hyderabad
Assigned Districts, which are temporarily administered by the British
Government in trust for him is about 98,000 square miles ; its population
is nearly 13,000,000, chiefly Hindus, but with over a million Muhammadans.
It is by far the largest, richest, and most populous of the feudatory States of
India ; it is three times as large as Bavaria, and more than twice as populous.
The Nizam maintains a military force of 6228 cavalry, 24,068 infantry, and
35 guns; exclusive of the Paigah or Household Troops. His Highness is
entitled to a salute of 2 1 guns.
Residence. Hyderabad, Deccan.
i88 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
IBRAHIM KHAN. See Muhammad Ibrahim Khan.
IBRAHIM SAYYID. See Muhammad Ibrahim, Maulavi, Sayyid.
ICHHRA SINGH, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Gujrdnwdla, Punjab.
IDAR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA SRI SIR KESRISINGHJI
JAWANSINGHJI, K.C.S.L, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864; succeeded to the gadi 26th December 1868. Belongs to
the great Rahtor Rajput (Hindu) family, said to spring from the second son
of the legendary hero Rama, and therefore of the Solar race ; of whom the
principal Chief is His Highness the Maharaja of Jodhpur, and to which also
belong the Chiefs of Bikanir and Kishangarh in Rajputana, and other
important Princes. In 1729, when the famous Abhai Singh, Rahtor Raja
of Jodhpur, was Subahdar of Gujarat under the Emperor Muhammad Shah,
and his brother Bakht Singh Rahtor was the conqueror of Nagar, two other
brothers, named Anand Singh Rahtor and Rai Singh Rahtor, established
themselves at Idar by force of arms. The Peshwa and the Gaekwar soon
despoiled the young State ; and the Raja Sheo Singh Rahtor, son of Anand
Singh, who died in 1791, was compelled to lose part of his territories, and to
pay tribute to the Gaekwar. This tribute is still paid by the Chief of Idar,
who in return receives tribute from some other minor States. Sheo Singh
was succeeded by his son Bhawan Singh, who died shortly afterwards, leaving
the gadi to a minor son, the Raja Gambhirsinghji. The latter was succeeded
by the Maharaja Jawansinghji, K.C.S.L, who was a Member of the Legislative
Council of Bombay, and died in 1888, leaving his son, the present Maharaja,
as a minor. His Highness was educated at the Rajkumar College at Indore.
His State has an area of 2500 square miles; and a population of 258,429,
chiefly Hindus, but including 8700 Muhammadans and 6266 Jains. The
Maharaja has obtained a sanad of adoption; and was created a Knight
Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India on i5th Feb-
ruary 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most
Gracious Majesty. His Highness maintains a military force of 54 cavalry,
100 infantry, and 21 guns; and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
Residence. Idar, Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
IJPURA, THAKUR GOBARSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850. Belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. His State has a
population of about 392, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Ijpura, Mahi Kntha.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 189
ILAHI BAKHSH, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Ajmir.
ILOL, THAKUR WAKHATSINGHJI DIPSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864; succeeded to the gadi i6th April 1866. Belongs to a Koli
(Hindu) family; was educated at the Rajkumar College, Rajkot. The
State of Ilol is tributary to the Gaekwar, and also to Idar. Its area is 44
square miles; its population is 5603, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Ilol, Mdhi Ka"ntha, Bombay.
ILSIFAT HUSAIN, MIR, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. B aroda.
IMAM BAKHSH walad SHER MUHAMMAD KHAN
(of Mirpur), Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
IMAM BAKHSH (of Raikot), Rai.
Belongs to a Rajput Muhammadan family, that claims descent from the
same stock as that of the ruling house of Jaisalmir. Its founder, Tulsi Ram,
second son of Raja Dulchi Ram of Jaisalmir, is said to have become a con-
vert to Islam in the year 1833. His descendants occupied Raikot till the
death of Rani Bhagbari in 1852, when the territory lapsed to the British
Government. Rai Imam Bakhsh is a distant relative of the late Rani, and has
succeeded to her private estate. He has three sons Amir Khan, Fateh
Khan, and Faizulla Khan.
Residence. Raikot, Ludhia'na, Punjab.
IMAM BAKHSH KHAN, BOZDAR, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1834. The title was conferred on loth April 1884 as a personal
distinction, in recognition of his eminent services in the Survey Department
as an explorer of unknown tracts on the Frontier. He has done especially
valuable work as an explorer in the Gilgit country, also in Zhob and the
Ghumal country, and in the Shirani Hills. He has taken part also in ex-
ploring expeditions to the Vaziri country, to Buner, to Agror, Kandahar, and
Kabul. He is a Member of the Municipal Committee of Dera Ghazi Khan ;
and has received a khilat and a chair in Darbar from the Government.
Residence. Dera Ghdzi Kha"n, Punjab.
190 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
IMAM BAKHSH KHAN walad MUHAMMAD HASAN
KHAN, His Highness.
The title is personal, His Highness being a representative of the ruling
Chiefs or Mirs of Sind at th time of the annexation.
Residence. Shika" rpur, S ind.
IMAM BAKHSH KHAN, MAZARI, SIR, K.C.I.B., Mir, Nawdb.
The first title (of Mir) is hereditary, the second (of Nawab) is personal,
and was conferred on 23rd February 1877, i n recognition of his loyal and
zealous services in Sir R. Sandeman's mission to Kalat. Belongs to a Mazari
Baluch family that claims descent from Amir Hamza, the uncle of the
Prophet, whose son, Kul Charag, emigrated from Persia to Kalat, and settled
in Kach and Makran. A descendant, Batil Khan, received the title of
" Mazar," meaning a lion in the Baluch language, on account of his gallantry
in the battles with the Lashiris, and hence the name of this Baluchi clan.
Bahrain Khan, the father of Sir Imam Bakhsh, received a sanad from the
Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore. During the Mutiny of 1857 Sir Imam
Bakhsh gave conspicuous aid to the Government; and was created a
Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire,
24th May 1888. He is an Honorary Magistrate of the first class, and one
of the most influential and loyal Chiefs on the Baluch frontier. His eldest
son, named Bahrain Khan, was born in 1857, and has married the daughter
and only child of his cousin, Sher Muhammad, which marriage ensures the
Tamanddrshipi or headship of the clan, to Sir Imam Bakhsh's descendants.
Residence. Dera Ghdzi Kha"n, Punjab.
IMAM SHARIF, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Survey of India.
IMDAD ALI KHAN walad HASAN ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
IMDAD IMAM, MAUL AVI, SAYYID, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title was conferred on 24th May 1889 as a personal distinction, in
recognition of his eminence as an oriental scholar. It entitles him to take
rank in Darbar after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Patna, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 191
INAYAT ALI KHAN walad MIR GHULAM SHAH, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
INAYAT ALI KHAN, MIRZA, AK Kadr Bahadur.
Is a grandson of the late Muhammad AH Shah, King of Oudh, being the
son of the Nawab Sir Mohsin-ud-daula, K.C.S.I., who married the King's
daughter. The title, which is a personal distinction, was first conferred by
King Muhammad Ali Shah in 1839, and was recognised by Government in
1877. Is a trustee of the Husainabad Endowment.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
INAYAT HUSAIN KHAN, MUNSHI, Khan Bahadur.
Born September 1834. Belongs to a Pathan family, and has been in
the service of the Government since 1850. During the Mutiny he rendered
valuable services at the risk of his own life and property, and for these he
has been rewarded with a grant, and on 6th June 1885 obtained the title of
Khan Bahadur as a personal distinction.
Residence. Allahabad, North-Western Provinces.
INAYAT HUSAIN SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 25th November 1870.
Residence. Hyderabad, Deccan.
INAYAT-ULLA KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on tne
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Gwalior, Central India.
INDAR DEO (of Akhrota), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary. The family is of ancient Rajput origin. Its
founder was Raja Ranjit Deo, Raja of Jammu, the son of Raja Darab Deo,
who was the ancestor of the Maharajas of Jammu and Kashmir. Raja
Indar Dec's grandfather was the ruling Chief at Jammu, who was ejected by
the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore when he conquered that territory. He
is the son of the late Raja Raghbir Deo.
Residence. Akhrota, Pathankot, Gurdaspur, Punjab.
192
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
INDAR KUNWAR (of Balrdmpur), Mahdrdni.
The Maharani, being the widow of the late Maharaja Sir Digbijai
Singh, K.C.S.I., of Balrampur, is the largest landowner in Oudh, and the
guardian of the heir to the Chiefship of
Balrampur, adopted by her. The hereditary
title of Raja dates from the i6th century.
The family is a younger branch of the Janwar
family of Ikauna, in the Bahraich district (see
Narpat Singh, Raja of Gangwal). Madho
Singh, the younger brother of Raja Ganesh
Singh of that family, made some conquests
between the Rapti and Kuana rivers \ and
his son, Balram Singh, founded the town of
Balrampur. Some of his successors, the
Rajas of Balrampur, successfully resisted the
exactions of the Nawabs Vazirs of Oudh.
Raja Newal Singh, who ascended the gadi
in 1777, is one of the most famous warriors
of the line. In 1836 the late Sir Digbijai
Singh, K. C.S.I., then a boy of eighteen,
became Raja. Throughout the Mutiny of 1857 he took the most active and
conspicuous part on the side of the Government from first to last, and in
the final campaign aided in driving the rebel leaders across the frontier into
the Nepal TardL He was one of the five loyal Talukdars specially mentioned
in Lord Canning's Proclamation of 1858 ; and in 1866 was created a Knight
Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. He was for
some time a Member of the Viceroy's Legislative Council, and enjoyed a
personal salute of 9 guns, with many other honours and dignities. He
died on the 27th May 1882. The Maharani adopted, as son and heir,
Udit Narayan Singh, a child nearly related to the late Maharaja ; and in
1883 this adoption was ratified by the Government.
Arms. Argent, on a fesse azure between in chief a sword in bend
surmounted by a matchlock in bend sinister, and in base on a mount a tiger
couchant, all proper, an Eastern crown between two stars of six points of the
first. Crest. On a wreath of the colours, upon a trunk of a tree eradicated
fessewise and sprouting to the dexter, a falcon surmounted by a rainbow, all
proper. Motto. Fide et Justitid.
Residence. Balrdmpur, Gonda, Oudh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 193
INDAR NARAYAN, Rat.
Born 1850. The title is hereditary, and was conferred on 5th June
1858. Belongs to a Brahman family of Kashmir. The late Pandit Rai
Kishan Narayan was Settlement Deputy Collector of Sagar in the Central
Provinces at the time of the Mutiny of 1857, and greatly distinguished him-
self by his courage and fidelity, which were of the greatest value to the local
authorities throughout the time of the disturbances. As a reward he received
the hereditary title of Rai, with a grant of lands. On his death his son, the
present Rai, who is a Subordinate Judge in the North- Western Provinces, in-
herited the title and estates. He was educated at Agra, and has two sons
Brij Narayan and Iqbal Narayan.
Residence. Cawnpur, North-Western Provinces.
INDAR NARAYAN SINGH, Mahdrdj -Kumar.
The title is personal. The Maharaj-Kumar is the son of the late Maha-
raja Gopal Chandra Singh, who obtained the title in 1867, "on account of
his many acts of public liberality." The Maharaja was the husband of the
Rani Janaki Kumari, eleventh in descent from Raja Banha Singh, and owner
of Pargana Sultanabad in the Santal Parganas.
Residence. Maheshpur, Santa"! Pargands, Bengal.
194 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
INDORB, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJ-ADHIRAJ SHIVAJI
RAO HOLKAR, BAHADUR, G.C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to the gadi on i2th July 1886. His Highness's
full titles are His Highness Maharaj-Adhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Sir
Shivaji Rao Holkar Bahadur, Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India. Holkar is the dynastic name of the Princes of
this great Mahratta family, who have occupied a very conspicuous place in
the history of India since the first half of the i8th century. It is derived
from Hoi, the name of the village on the Nira river in the Deccan, where,
in 1693, was born Malhar Rao, the founder of the dynasty. It is an in-
teresting fact in connection with the history of this Principality, that its
administration has twice, at important periods, been in the hands of ladies of
the family once, most successfully, in those of the famous Ahalya Bai
(1765-95), and once (less happily) in those of Tulsi Bai (1811-17). Malhar
Rao adopted a military life in his early youth, and in the year 1724 entered
the service of the Peshwa, from which time his rise was very rapid. Eight
years later he had become the Commander-in-Chief of the Peshwa's armies,
had conquered the Imperial Subahdar of Malwa, and had received, from the
gratitude of the Peshwa, the territory of Indore, with most of the conquered
territory. He continued to strengthen his position, and at the great battle of
Panipat, in conjunction with Sindhia (see Gwalior, Maharaja of), he com-
manded one division of the Mahratta hosts. After that disaster he retired to
Indore, and devoted himself to the development of this great Principality,
which he left in 1765 to his grandson, a minor named Mali Rao Holkar, in
a state of prosperity. The latter died in a few months ; and the administra-
tion was then assumed by his mother, Ahalya Bai, the daughter-in-law of the
first Holkar. Aided by her Commander-in-Chief, Tukaji Rao Holkar, this
clever and courageous lady ruled for thirty years, and left Indore, at her
death in 1795, in a well-ordered and prosperous condition. Thereon much
disorder ensued. At last Jeswant Rao Holkar, an illegitimate son of Tukaji,
amid many vicissitudes of fortune, managed to maintain the position of the
family. He defeated the combined armies of Sindhia and the Peshwa in
1802, and took possession of the Peshwa's capital of Poona; which, how-
ever, reverted to the Peshwa by British intervention after the Treaty of
Bassein in the same year. Again, after the Treaty of Sarji Anjengaon, war
ensued between Jeswant Rao Holkar and the Paramount Power, with varying
fortune, till at length, in 1805, Holkar was forced to surrender to Lord Lake,
and sign a treaty on the banks of the river Bias in the Punjab. He died in
1811, leaving a minor son, Malhar Rao Holkar; and the administration was
carried on by Tulsi Bai, one of the concubines of the late Maharaja, as
Queen Regent. She was murdered in 1 8 1 7 by her own officers ; but the
Indore army was defeated by the British forces at the battle of Mehidpur,
and the Treaty of Mandesar followed in 1818, by which Malhar Rao Holkar
became a feudatory Prince of the British Empire. He died in 1833 with-
out issue. Martand Rao Holkar was adopted as his successor, but was
speedily deposed by his cousin, Hari Rao Holkar. The latter, dying in 1843
without issue, was succeeded by his adopted son, Khandi Rao, who died in
1844, and was succeeded by adoption by His late Highness the Maharaj-
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 195
Adhiraj Tukaji Rao Holkar, father of the present Chief. Tukaji Rao was
only eleven years old at the date of his accession, and was the second son of
Bhao Holkar. In 1852 he attained his majority, and was invested with the
full management of the State. In 1857 the Indore army mutinied, and
besieged the British Resident, Sir Henry Durand, at Indore, who was ex-
posed to much difficulty and danger in taking off the women and children to
a place of safety at Bhopal. The Maharaja, however, remained loyal, and his
rebellious troops soon after were forced to lay down their arms. The Maha-
raja subsequently received a sanad of adoption, an increased personal salute,
and the rank of a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of
the Star of India. He died in 1886, and was succeeded by the present
Maharaj-Adhiraj Bahadur. His Highness has visited England, and is known
as a Prince of great enlightenment and ability. Like his illustrious father, he
has received the rank of a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India. The area of his State is 8400 square miles ; its
population about 1,055,000, chiefly Hindus, but including about 73,000
Muhammadans, and 86,000 belonging to various aboriginal tribes. In size
the State of Indore may be compared with the kingdoms of Saxony or
Wiirtemberg, but is larger than either. In population it may be compared
with the Grand Duchies of Hesse or Baden, being more populous than the
former, and less so than the latter. His Highness maintains a military force
of 3231 cavalry, 6128 infantry, and 65 guns. He is entitled to a salute of
2 1 guns within the limits of Indore territory, and 1 9 guns elsewhere.
Residence. Indore, Central India.
196 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
INDRA BIKRAMA SINGH (of Raipur Ikdaria, Itaunja), Rdjd.
Born 24th November 1864. The title is hereditary, having been
assumed by Rai Dingar Deo, ancestor of the Raja, and having been
recognised as hereditary by the Government in 1877. Belongs to a
Puar Rajput (Hindu) family, of the Vasishta Gotra or clan ; tracing their
descent from Deo Ridh Rai, eighth son of Raja Rudra Sah of Dharanagar or
Deogarh, who took service under the King of Delhi, and obtained from him
important commands. The Rajas have before their residence a large square
stone, which they hold in almost sacred reverence. They say that they
brought it from Delhi, and that it is the symbol of their right to the estates
granted to them by the Emperors of Delhi. The late Raja Jagmohan Singh
died in 1881, four months after attaining his majority, and was succeeded by
his brother, the present Raja, then sixteen years old, as a minor under the Court
of Wards. Educated at Canning College, Lucknow ; attained his majority,
and received possession of his estate 2nd January 1886.
Residence. Itaunja, Mahona, Lucknow, Oudh.
INGHAR SINGH, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Charkhdri, Central India.
ISHRI PARSHAD TBWARI, Rai.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Central Provinces.
ISHRI SINGH (of Nadaun), Mian.
The title is hereditary. Is a near relative of the Raja Amar Chand of
Nadaun (q.vl), and a descendant of the Raja Sir Jodhbir Chand, K.C.S.I.
Residence. Ka"ngra, Punjab.
ISHWAR DAS, Rai Bahadur, Rdjd Ddyawant.
Born 1 3th June 1826. The titles are personal, and having been con-
ferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, were recognised by the Government
1890. His grandfather, the Rah Raja Makhan Lai Bahadur, and his father,
Rai Raja Tikam Chand Bahadur, both successively held important posts
under the Nawabs of the Carnatic. Belongs to a Kayastha family, claiming
descent from the famous Chitragupta. Has received the thanks of Govern-
ment for his public services and his benevolence. His adopted son is named
Lachmi Das.
Residence. Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 197
ISHWAR DAS, PANDIT, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
JABBIA BHIL and JABRI, MIAN YUSUF MUHAMMAD,
Midn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1874; succeeded to the gadi loth May 1888 as a minor. Belongs
to a Pindari (Muhammadan) family, descended from Rajan Khan, brother of
the Pindari leader Chitu. The State is tributary to Gwalior, and contains a
population of about 1000, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Jabria Bhil, Bhopdl, Central India.
JADAB CHANDAR BARUA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth August 1888.
Residence. Nowgong, Assam.
JADU. See Yadu.
JADUNATH DEO (of Aul), Kumar.
Is the son of the late Raja Padmalabh Deo of Aul, who was born in
1830, succeeded to the gadi in 1840, and has recently died. Is descended
from the ancient Royal family of Orissa. The Maharaja Makund Deo, the
last Maharaja of Orissa, was conquered by the Raja Man Singh (see Jodhpur)
as Viceroy of the Mughal Emperor towards the close of the 1 6th century.
When subsequently Ram Chandra Deo, belonging to another family, was
proclaimed Maharaja of Orissa by the headmen of the country, his title was
disputed by the two surviving sons of Makund Deo, of whom the elder was
also called Ram Chandra Deo, and the disputes were finally settled by Raja
Man Singh in 1580 A.D., who appointed Ram Chandra Deo, the son of
Maharaja Makund Deo, to be Raja of Aul, and his . brother to be Raja of
Sarungar of Patiya, while the other Ram Chandra Deo was made Raja of
Khurda. In 1803 the Raja of Aul acknowledged fealty to the British
Government.
Residence. Aul, Orissa, Bengal.
JADUNATH HALDAfe, Rai Bahadur.
Born 5th April 1832. The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th
May 1889. His great-grandfather was in the service of the Nawab of Mur-
shidabad in Bengal, and was granted by him the appellation of Haldar, which
his descendants retain as their family name. After the British conquest of
Bengal he was appointed Tahsildar of Khas Mahal in Barrackpore. During
198 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
the Mutiny the Rai Bahadur was a prisoner in the hands of the rebels for
five months, and has subsequently rendered excellent service in the Police of
the North-Western Provinces.
Residence. Allahabad, North-Western Provinces.
JADUNATH MUKHARJI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 22nd May 1876, "for
liberality displayed by him in various matters of public progress and im-
provement." Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction,
2nd January 1893.
Residence. Haza*ribagh, Bengal.
JAFAR ALI KHAN, CJ.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, 25th June 1887. Is an officer in Her Majesty's Army, with the
rank of Risalddr.
Residence. C alcutta.
JAFAR ALI KHAN, Nawdb Bahadur.
The title is personal. Is the grandson of the late Amjad Ali Shah, King
of Oudh, being the younger son of Nizam-ud-daula, who married a daughter
of the King.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
JAFARABAD, Chief of . See Janjira.
JAGADINDRA NATH RAI (of Ndtor), Maharaja.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877. Belongs to
a Saritra Brahman family, who were eminent for many generations as Maha-
rajas of Nator, and at one time owned the greater portion of the Rajshahi
district. It is stated that the title of Maharaja Bahadur was conferred on
Ram Jiban Rai by the Emperor of Delhi, and another sanad from Delhi was
conferred on his grandson, the Maharaja Ram Krishna Rai Bahadur of
Nator. His son was the Maharaja Bisvanath Rai Bahadur of Nator, who is
said by the family to have been granted a political pension by the British
Government in 1806. His grandson was the Maharaja Gobindanath Rai
Bahadur of Nator, the (adoptive) father of the present Maharaja.
Residence. Ndtor, Rajshdhi, Bengal.
JAGADISHWAR fcHATTARJI, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1 7th March 1846. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd
January 1888, for long and approved service in the Opium Department, in
which he held an important position. Belongs to a Brahman family of
Bengal.
Residence. Ghdzipur, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 199
JAGANNADHA RAO, VALLURI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Vizianagram, Madras.
JAGAT BAHADUR (of Umri), Rdjd.
Born iyth November 1850; succeeded to the gadi 23rd October 1872.
The title is hereditary. Is the senior representative of the ancient Bilkhari
(Rajput) Chiefs of Fort Bilkhar, the vast ruins of which remain to this day in
the mauza of Agyapur ; descended from Ghaibar Sah, fourth son of Jaswant,
and great-grandson of Balbhaddar Dikhit, who built Fort Bilkhar after the fall of
Kanauj. About 600 years ago one of his descendants, Raja Ram Deo, was
the Bilkharia Chief of Patti and Fort Bilkhar, but was deposed by his son-in-
law, Bariar Singh Bachgoti (see Madho Prasad Singh, Rai), who slew his son
Dalpat Sah, and seized the fort, leaving only a few villages to the descendants
of Raja Ram Deo. The present Raja has a son and heir, named Lai
Krishna Pal Singh.
Residence. Umri, Partdbgarh, Oudh.
JAGAT SINGH, Sarddr Bahddur.
The title is personal.
Residence. Sia"lkot, Punjab.
JAGATPAL BAHADUR SINGH (of Raipur Bichaur), Rai.
The title is hereditary. Is the son of the late Rai Jagmohan Singh (who
died on Qth April 1886) and of the Thakurain Sultan Kunwar, who now
holds the estate of Raipur Bichaur as the heir of her late husband (see
Sultan Kunwar, Thakurain). Belongs to the Bachgoti clan of Rajputs (see
Ranbijai Bahadur Singh, Diwan), and is descended from Hirda Singh of Patti
Saifabad. In 1818 Rai Pirthipal Singh held the estate, and was dispossessed
by the Nawab Nazim, but restored after three years.
Residence. Raipur Bichaur, Partdbgarh, Oudh.
JAGJIWANDAS KHUSHALDAS, Rao Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
JAGJODH SINGH, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. Is the son of the late Kunwar Peshawara Singh
of the Lahore family.
Residences. Sidlkot, Punjab ; and Bahraich, Oudh.
JAGNISHAN SINGH, C.I.E. (of Atra Chandapur), Rdjd.
Born 2ist August 1841; succeeded 1864. The title is hereditary.
Belongs to the great Kanhpuria (Rajput) family (see Surpal Singh Bahadur, Raja
200 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
of Tiloi), being descended from Raja Madan Singh of Simrauta, third son of
Prasad Singh, who was seventh in descent from Kanh, the Kshatriya founder
of Kanhpur in the time of the great Manik Chand. The seventh in descent
from Madan Singh was the Raja Mandhata Singh, who was in possession of
Chandapur at the time of the conquest of Oudh by Saadat Khan. The Raja
Shiudarshan Singh had half the estate confiscated at the time of the Mutiny
in 1857. His grandson, the present Raja, is an Honorary Magistrate, and
received a Medal of Honour at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi on ist
January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India ; and subsequently for good services he has
been created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence. Chandapur, Rai Bareli, Oudh.
JAHAN KADR MIRZA MUHAMMAD WAHID ALI
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal a courtesy title of the Prince, as a son of the late
King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
JAHANDAD KHAN (of Khanpur), Rdjd, Khan Bahadur.
The first title (Raja) is hereditary, and the second (Khan Bahadur) is per-
sonal, and was conferred on 24th May 1 88 1 . Belongs to a family of the Gakkar
tribe, who overran Kashmir in early times, and were formidable opponents of
the Emperor Babar. Is the son of Raja Haidar Bakhsh Khan ; has acted as
Extra Assistant Commissioner of the Punjab. His son and heir is named
Fazaldad.
Residence. H azdra, Punj ab.
JAI CHAND (of Lambagraon), Raja.
Born 1870. The title is hereditary, and was conferred on i2th December
1851. Belongs to the Katoch family of Rajputs, and is head of the Kangra
family. Raja Parmad Chand died childless in exile at Almora, and was
succeeded by his relative, Raja Partab Chand, the father of the present
Raja.
Residence. Kdngra, Punjab.
JAI SINGH (of Guler), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, and was conferred on 28th February 1878, the
Raja being the brother of the late Raja Shamsher Singh of Guler, and having
previously enjoyed the hereditary title of Mian. His son and heir is named
Rughnath Singh. The family is connected with that of His Highness the
Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir by marriage. It is an offshoot of the
families of Kangra and Lambagraon.
Residence. Guler, Kdngra, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 201
JAI SINGH (of Siba), Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on yth August 1878. The Siba
family is an offshoot of the Guler family (see Jai Singh, of Guler, Raja), which
itself was an offshoot of that of Kangra. Is descended from Sibaru Chand, a
younger son of the Raja of Guler, who conquered the Siba territory, calling
it Siba after his own name. Raja Ram Singh, the last of the old hereditary
Rajas of Siba, died without male issue in 1875. The territory lapsed to the
Paramount Power, but as an act of favour to His Highness the Maharaja of
Jammu and Kashmir, who is related to the family by marriage, the territory
and title was continued to a scion of the family named Raja Bije Singh. He
died in 1878, and was succeeded by his son, the present Raja.
Residence. Siba, Kdngra, Punjab.
JAIBANS KUNWAR (of Kaithola), Rdni.
Born 1849. The title is hereditary. The Chief of Kaithola is the head
of the great Kanhpuria family (see Surpal Singh and Jagnishan Singh), being
the representative of Sahas, the eldest son of Kanh. From him a line of
twenty descents from father to son ends in the late Raja Mahesh Bakhsh of
Kaithola, who died without male issue in 1881. The estates were under
Government management for some time, and were then handed over to the
present Rani, the widow of the late Raja.
Residence. Parta"bgarh, Oudh.
JAIKISHAN DAS, C.S.I., Raja Bahadur.
Born 24th November 1832. The title is personal, and was conferred
on 1 8th January 1860. Belongs to a family of Chaube Brahmans, who fled
to Etah from Muttra in the reign of Ala-ud-din Ghori, because they had slain
the Kazi of Muttra. Chaube Ghansham Das, having long been in Govern-
ment service, and having retired on pension, in 1857 rendered most valuable
aid to the Government, although blind and infirm; and ultimately was
surprised and slain by the rebels at Kasganj. His brother, the present Raja"
Jai Kishan Das Bahadur, had loyally supported him, and was rewarded with
the title and a grant of lands and other honours in 1860. He was created
a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India in 1870. Is a
Fellow of the Allahabad University, and Deputy Collector of Bareilly.
Residence. Moradabad, North- Western Provinces.
JAIMAL SINGH (of Thalia), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jalandhar, Punjab.
JAIPRAKASH LAL, C.I.B., Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal; and was conferred on 3ist August 1881. The
Rai Bahadur was for many years the Diwan of the Dumraon Raj, and
rendered excellent service in that capacity. On 25th May 1892 he was
created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence, Dumraon, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JAIPUR, HIS HIGHNESS SIB MADHO SINGH
BAHADUR, G. C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 86 1 ; ascended the gadi as a minor i8th September 1880, and
was invested with full governing powers on attaining his majority in September
1882. Is the Chief of the famous
Kachhwaha tribe of Rajputs, de-
scended from the legendary hero
Rama, and therefore of the Surya-
vansi or Solar race. Tod devotes
a large part of his learned Annals of
Rdjdsthdn to the history of this
family, which, indeed, is no unim-
portant part of the history of India.
Tod says of the ruling family of
Jaipur (otherwise called Amber or
Dhundar) : " A family which traces
its lineage from Rama of Koshala,
Nala of Nishida, and Dola the lover
of Maroni, may be allowed 'the
boast of heraldry'; and in remembrance of this descent, the Cushites [Kach-
hwaha] of India celebrate with great solemnity the annual feast of the sun,
on which a stately car, called the Chariot of the Sun, Surya ratha, drawn by
eight horses, is brought from the temple, and the descendant of Ramesa,
ascending therein, perambulates his capital."
The full title of the Maharaja is His Highness Saramad-i-Rajaha-i-Hin-
dustan Raj Rajendra Sri Maharaj-Adhiraj Sawai Sir Madho Singh Bahadur,
Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India
(see Introduction, u).
From Rama, the hero of the Rdmdyana, the greatest of the legendary
heroes of India, to Dhola Rao, the founder of the Jaipur State in 967 A.D.,
there are enumerated 34 generations ; and from Dhola Rao to the present
Maharaja, 106 generations. Early in the nth century a descendant of
Dhola Rao named Hamaji conquered Amber from the Minas, and fixed
his court there; and Amber remained the capital of the dynasty until
the time of Jai Singh II., who transferred it to Jaipur in 1728. In the
time of the Great Mughal, the Emperor Akbar, Raja Bhagwan Das of
Jaipur was one of the first Princes of the Empire. Overcoming Rajput pride
of race, he gave his daughter in marriage to the Emperor's son and heir,
Prince Salim, afterwards the Emperor Jahangir, and was himself one of the
greatest Imperial commanders. But his adopted son and successor, the
Raja Man Singh, was the most famous of all the Imperial generals. He and
his Rajputs carried the arms of the Empire successfully into Orissa, Bengal,
Assam, and Kabul ; the chronicles of the age are full of the exploits of the
brother-in-law of the Emperor, and he was successively Governor of Kabul,
Bengal, Behar, and the Deccan. His nephew, the Raja Jai Singh, known as
the Mirza Raja, was equally famous throughout the wars of Aurangzeb in the
Deccan ; he it was who effected the capture of the famous Sivaji, founder of
the Mahratta Power ; and he is said to have fallen a victim to the jealousy of
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 203
the Emperor, who caused his death by poison. Some generations later, in
the time of the Emperor Muhammad Shah, the second Jai Singh was famous,
not only as a warrior, but also as an astronomer. He built observatories at
Jaipur (to which place he removed his capital from the hills of Amber, five
miles off), Delhi, Benares, Muttra, and Ujjain. After the death of the Raja
Jai Singh II., the subsequent history of the family is much occupied with
leagues with Udaipur and Jodhpur against the Imperial Power, with contests
with Jodhpur for the honour of marrying a Princess of Udaipur, with Rajput
rivalries and defections, and with Mahratta raids. In order to regain the
privilege of marrying Princesses of the House of Udaipur which honour
they had forfeited by marrying a daughter to the Mughal Emperor the
Rajas of Jaipur agreed that the issue of a marriage with an Udaipur Princess
should succeed to the Raj even before an elder brother by another Rani ;
and this promise, coupled with the rivalry of the Rajas of Jodhpur for the
same privilege, produced endless troubles and disasters. In the time of the
Raja Jagat Singh, Amir Khan, the notorious Pindari leader (afterwards Nawab
of Tonk), sided first with the Raja of Jaipur against Jodhpur, and then with
the Raja of Jodhpur against Jaipur ; and devastated each country in turn.
At last, in 1 8 1 8, the British Government intervened ; took the Jaipur State
under its protection, and the Raja became one of the great feudatories.
The late Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh succeeded to the gadi in 1835.
He rendered excellent service throughout the Mutiny of 1857, and again in
the famine of 1868. As a reward, he twice received an increase to his
salute'; he was created a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India ; and on the occasion of the Imperial Assemblage
at Delhi, on the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India, he was appointed a Councillor of the Empire, and received a suitable
addition to his titles and territory. The banner of His Highness that was
unfurled at Delhi on that auspicious occasion was exceedingly interesting, as
showing the close approximation of Rajput and European heraldic devices ;
for the Rajput Pancharanga was properly rendered as " A Barry of 5 gules,
vert, argent, azure, or " ; and the solar lineage of the Kachhwaha Prince was
indicated by the device "In chief a Sun in its splendour." The late
Maharaja died in 1880; and was succeeded by his adopted son, a scion of
the Kachhwaha race, the present Maharaja.
The area of the State is 14,465 square miles; and its population
2,534,357, chiefly Hindus, but including more than 170,000 Muhammadans
and nearly 50,000 Jains. Jaipur is therefore larger than either Holland or
Belgium, and more populous than Greece. The Maharaja maintains a
military force of 3578 cavalry, 16,099 infantry, and 281 guns; and is
entitled to a salute of 19 guns (including 2 guns personal). There are
many Rajput Chiefs who are feudatories of His Highness.
Arms. Barry of 5, gules, vert, argent, azure, or; in chief a Sun in its
splendour. Crest. A kuchnar tree proper, bearing cinquefoils argent. Sup-
porters. A tiger and a white horse. Motto. " Jato Dharma Stato Jayo."
Residence. Jaipur, Rdjputdna.
204 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JAISALMIR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAWAL SALIVAHAN
BAHADUR, Mahdrdwal of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1886; succeeded to the gadi as a minor i2th April 1891. Is the
Chief of the Jadu Bhatti Rajputs, claiming direct descent from the divine
Krishna, and undoubtedly boasting a lineage hardly less ancient than that of
the great Maharana of Udaipur himself. The tribe takes its name from
Bhati, who was its leader in very remote ages, when settled in the Punjab ;
whence it appears to have been driven by conquerors from Ghazni, and to
have gone to the oasis of the Great Indian Desert, which it has ever since
inhabited. Deoraj, born in 836 A.D., was the first to take the title of Rawal,
and he founded the city of Deorawal. One of his descendants, the Rawal
Jaisal, founded the city of Jaisalmir, and built a strong fort there, about the
year 1156 A.D. More than a century later, when Mulraj II. was Rawal,
Jaisalmir was captured and sacked by the Moslem troops of the Emperor
Ala-ud-din, in 1294 A.D., after a siege that had lasted eight years; and this
was the occasion of one of the great Sakas so famous in Rajput history
when Mulraj and his warriors, having slain all their women and children,
cased themselves in armour, put on the saffron robe, bound the mor or
nuptial crown on their heads, and then sword in hand sallied forth to die
amid the slaughtered heaps of the foe. Again a similar disaster befell the
city in 1306 A.D., not long after it had been repaired by the Rawal Dudu.
Finally, in the reign of the Rawal Sabal Singh, the brave Bhattis were com-
pelled to become feudatories of the Emperor Shah Jahan. Outlying pro-
vinces were subsequently wrested from them by the neighbouring States of
Jodhpur and Bikanir ; till at length in 1 8 1 8, under the rule of the Rawal
Mulraj, the State came under the protection and control of the British Power,
and has enjoyed the blessings of peace. On the death of the Rawal Ranjit
Singh, his younger brother, the late Maharawal Bairi Sal, succeeded to the
gadi in 1864 ; and he was succeeded in 1891 by the present Maharawal.
The area of Jaisalmir is 16,447 square miles; its population about 109,000,
chiefly Hindus, but including about 28,000 Muhammadans. In extent it may
be compared with Switzerland or Holland ; but is larger than either. His
Highness maintains a military force of 140 cavalry, 353 infantry, and 25
guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 5 guns.
Residence. Jaisalmir, Rdjputdna.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 205
JAISINGH RAO ANGRIA, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Baroda.
JALAL-UD-DIN, KAZI, Khan Bahadur.
An Extra Assistant Commissioner in Baluchistan. Granted the title of
Khan Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Quetta, Baluchistan.
JALAL-UD-DIN, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on tne
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign.
Residence. Karndl, Punjab.
JALAM SINGH (of Amoda), Rdwat.
The title is hereditary ; and the present Rawat succeeded to the title and
estates on the death of his father, the late Rawat Lakshmi Singh of Amoda.
Belongs to a Tuar Rajput family, descended from Jet Singh.
Residence. Amoda, Nima"r, Central Provinces.
JALIA DBVANI, JARB JA MANSINGH JI, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1852; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 3ist December 1868.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The area of the State is about 36
square miles; its population 2383, chiefly Hindus. The Talukdar maintains
a military force of 4 cavalry and 3 5 infantry.
Residence. Jdlia Deva"ni, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay.
JAM KHAN walad MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
who were Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
JAMIAT SINGH (of Ghoriwaha), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar being of a Jat family, descended from
Sardar Sukha Singh, who in 1759 established his power at Ghoriwaha in the
Hoshiarpur district. The family subsequently fell under the power of the
Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore. Sukha Singh's grandson was the Sardar
Partab Singh, father of the present Sardar.
Residence. Hoshiarpur, Punjab.
JAMKHANDI, RAM CHANDRA RAO GOPAL, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Chief of Jamkhandi also bears the name of Appa Sahib Patwardhan.
Born 1834; succeeded to the gadi as a minor i8th November 1840.
Belongs to a Brahman (Hindu) family. The area of his State is 492 square
miles; its population is 83,917, chiefly Hindus, but including 7628 Muham-
madans. The Chief maintains a military force of 52 cavalry, 943 infantry,
and i gun.
Residence. Jamkhandi, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
206 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JAMMU AND KASHMIR, COLONEL HIS HIGHNESS MAHA-
RAJA PARTAB SINGH INDAR MAHINDAR BAHADUR
SIPAR-I-SALTANAT, G.C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850; succeeded to the gctdi i2th September 1885. Is the son
of the late Maharaja Ranbhir Singh, G.C.S.I. ; and grandson of the late
Maharaja Ghulab Singh, the founder of the dynasty, who was constituted
Feudatory Chief of the hill-territories east of the Indus and west of the Ravi
(with certain specified exceptions) by the treaty of March 1846, concluded
after the close of the first Sikh war. Belongs to a Dogra or Jamwal Rajput
family (Hindu) of ancient lineage, claiming descent from that of the former
Rajas of Jammu. The Maharaja Ghulab Singh was the great-grandson of
the Raja Dharabdeo ; and a grandson of the Mian Jorawar Singh, who was a
brother of Raja Ranjit Deo. He began life as a cavalry soldier, and became
a trusted officer under Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore, who conferred on
him the principality of Jammu. At the outbreak of the first Sikh war he
had been elected Minister of the Khalsa, and was one of the most con-
spicuous Sikh leaders ; and after the battle of Sobraon he negotiated a
separate treaty with the British Power, by which he acquired the Feudal
Chiefship of Jammu and Kashmir on payment of a sum of 75 lakhs of
rupees. In the Mutiny of 1857 he rendered excellent service, and sent
a contingent to Delhi. He died in August 1857, and was succeeded by
his third and only surviving son, the late Maharaja Ranbhir Singh, G.C.S.I.,
who was a munificent patron of learning, and did good service in connection
with the British Mission to Yarkand. He had the distinguished honour of
receiving His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales at Jammu in 1876; he
also had his salute raised to 21 guns, by the addition of 2 guns as a
personal distinction. In January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclama-
tion of Her Majesty as Empress of India, he was gazetted a General in the
Army, and created a Councillor of the Empress. The Maharaja died on
1 2th September 1885, and was succeeded by his eldest son, the present
Maharaja, who was created a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India on 25th May 1892. The area of his State is
79,784 square miles; and its population is about 1,500,000, including
nearly a million Muhammadans, about half-a-million Hindus, and over
20,000 Buddhists. In point of area, the State is more than double the
combined area of Bavaria and Saxony, and equal to that of any three or four
of the smaller European kingdoms put together. His Highness maintains a
military force of about 8000 cavalry and infantry, and 288 guns; and is
entitled to a salute of 2 1 guns within the limits of the State, and to one of 1 9
guns in the rest of India.
Residence. Srinagar, Kashmir ; and Jammu, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 207
JAMNIA, BHUMIA HAMIR SINGH, Bkumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1855 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1863 as a minor. Belongs to a
Bhilala family the Bhilalas being reputed to spring from the intermarriage
of Rajputs and Bhils. The founder of the family was Nadir Singh, a famous
Bhumia of Jamnia.
Residence. Kunjrod, Jamnia, Bhopa*war, Central India.
JAMSHEDJI DHANJIBHAI WADIA, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Bombay.
JAMSHEDJI FRAMJI PALKIWALA, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1883.
Residence. Bombay.
JAMSHEDJI RUSTAMJI, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th August 1881.
Residence. Bombay.
JAN MUHAMMAD WALI ALI MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mtr.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
who were Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Sind.
JANAK PRIYA, RdnL
The title is hereditary, the Rani being the last
surviving Rani of the late Raja Narayan Singh of
Sambalpur. The Rajas of Sambalpur were Chauhan
Rajputs of very ancient lineage. Balram Das
Chauhan conquered Sambalpur about the year
1445 ; and left it to his elder son Raja Hirda
Narayan, while his younger son became Raja of
Sonpur (q.v.) The Chauhan device is the chakra
a circle with four tridents (trisut) as radii, pointing
The santak of the Chauhan north, east, south, and west, as shown in the
Rajputs, called Chakra. used . '_.,'. . . , . , ,
in the seal and for signature, margin. 1 he Ram uses this device on her seal,
(A circle with four Trisulas or and for signature.
Tridents as radii at the car-
dinal points.) Residence. Sambalpur, Central Provinces.
208 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JANAKI BALLABH SEN (of Dimla), Rdjd.
. The title was conferred " for liberality and public spirit," on ist January
1891.
Residence. Dimla, Kangpur, Bengal.
JANG BAHADUR KHAN, C.IB. (of Nanpara), Rdjd.
Born 1845. The title is hereditary ; and the Raja succeeded his father,
the late Raja Munawar AH Khan, in 1847. Belongs to a Pathan family,
descended from Rasul Khan, Togh Pathan, a Risaldar in the service of the
Emperor Shah Jahan, who in 1632 sent him to Salonabad to coerce the
Banjaras who had overrun the jdgir of Salona Begam, the wife of Prince
Dara. For his performance of this duty he received the grant of Nanpara.
In 1763 his descendant Karam Khan of Nanpara obtained the title of Raja
from the Nawab Shuja-ud-daula. The present Raja was created a Companion
of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire in 1886. He is an
Honorary Magistrate; and has a son and heir named Muhammad Sadiq
Khan, born 1870.
Residence. Bahraich, Oudh.
JANI BIHARI LAL, DIWAN, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 1 6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's reign.
Residence. Bhartpur, Rajputana.
JANJIRA, NAWAB SIDI AHMAD KHAN, Nawdb of.
A Ruling Prince.
Born 1863 ; succeeded to the gadi 28th January 1879. Belongs to an
Abyssinian family of Sunni Muhammadans, claiming descent from Sidi
Sarul Khan. The family were Abyssinian admirals of the fleet of the
Muhammadan kings of Bijapur, who in 1670 transferred their allegiance
to the Emperor of Delhi, Aurangzeb. The Mahrattas often tried to conquer
the island of Janjira ; but were always successfully resisted. The Nawab is
also Chief of Jafarabad, a small State in Kathiawar. The area of the State
is 324 square miles; its population is 76,361, chiefly Hindus, but including
13,912 Muhammadans. The Nawab maintains a military force of 310
infantry and 179 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Janjira, Koldba, Bombay.
JANJIT alias NANBI RAJA (of Darri), Sawai.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sagar, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 209
JANKI (of Pamakheri), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sdgar, Central Provinces.
JANKI KUNWAR (of Paraspur), Rani.
Born 1839. The title is hereditary; the Rani succeeded her late
husband, Raja Randhir Singh, on i6th June 1878. The head of the family
is the chief of the six Thakurs of Chhedwara, famous for their turbulence
in the times before the annexation of Oudh. They claim descent from the
Kalhans Rajas of Khurasa, through Maharaj Singh, second son of Achal
Narayan Singh. A descendant, named Newal Singh, obtained the title of
Raja while on a visit to the Court at Delhi ; and it was recognised as
hereditary in favour of the late Raja, Randhir Singh. The Rani's son and
heir is Bikramajit Singh.
Residence. Paraspur, Gonda, Oudh.
JAORA, MAJOR HIS HIGHNESS IHTISHAM - UD - DAULA
NAWAB MUHAMMAD ISMAIL KHAN BAHADUR FIROZ
JANG, Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1855; succeeded to the gadi 3oth April 1865 as a minor.
Belongs to a Pathan (Muhammadan) family, descended from Nawab Ghafur
Khan, an Afghan of the Swati tribe, -brother-in-law of the famous Amir Khan
of Tonk, whom he represented at Holkar's Court. After the battle Of
Mehidpur, Nawab Ghafur Khan, being in possession of this territory as a
grant from Holkar, was confirmed by the British Government. The present
Nawab has been appointed an Honorary Major in the British Army. The
State, which is feudatory to Indore, has an area of 581 square miles ; and a
population of 119,945, chiefly Hindus, but including 13,318 Muhammadans
and over 2000 Jains. His Highness maintains a military force of 63 cavalry,
177 infantry, and 15 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 13 guns. Jaora,
the capital of the State, is a station on the Rajputana-Malwa railway. The
Nawab has a son and heir named Muhammad Sher Ali Khan.
Residence, Jaora, Malw, Central India.
JASDAN, KHACHAR ALA CHELA, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1833; succeeded to the gadi in 1852. Belongs to a Kathi
(Hindu) family. The State, which is tributary to Baroda and Junagarh,
contains an area of 283 square miles; and a population of 29,037, chiefly
Hindus. The Chief maintains a military force of 60 cavalry, 354 infantry,
and 5 guns.
Residence. Jasdan, Kathiawar, Bombay.
p
2io THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JASHPUR, RAJA PRATAP NARAYAN SINGH DEO
BAHADUR, C.I.E., JRdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1822 ; succeeded to the gadi 24th October 1845. Belongs to a
Kshatriya (Rajput) family, formerly feudatories of the Mahrattas of Nagpur,
that came under British control in 1818. Rendered good service in the
military operations in 1857 against the mutineers and rebels in Udaipur and
Palamau. Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, 2 ist May 1890. The area of the State is 1947 square miles ;
its population is 90,240, chiefly Hindus. The Raja has a military force of
2 guns.
Residence. Jashpur, Chota Nagpur, Bengal.
JASMBR SINGH, Sarddr.
Bom 1848. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat family, descended
from Sardar Gurbaksh Singh, who acquired the territory of Thol Thangor, in
the Ambala district of the Punjab, by conquest in 1759 A.D. During the
Sikh rebellion of 1848-49, and again in the Mutiny of 1857, this family
rendered good service to Government, and were rewarded for the latter
service. On the death of Sardar Jawahir Singh, he was succeeded by his
two sons, the present Sardars Kishan Singh and Jasmer Singh of Thol
Thangor. The Sardar Jasmer Singh has two sons Ram Narayan Singh
(born 1863) and Sheo Narayan Singh.
Residence. Thol Thangor, Ambdla, Punjab.
JASO, DIWAN JAGATRAJ, JAGIRDAR, Diwdn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860 ; succeeded to \hzgadi 7th July 1889. Belongs to the great
Bundela Rajput family, descended from the founder of the Orchha State that
has given ruling families to Panna, Dattia, Ajaigarh, Charkhari, and most of
the other States of Bundelkhand. Bhartichand, the founder of the Jaso
State, was the fourth son of the Maharaja Chhatrasal ; and his great-grandson,
Diwan Murat Singh, received a sanad from the British Government in 1816.
The Diwan Bhopal Singh received the additional title of Bahadur as a
personal distinction, at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi on the occasion of
the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. The
area of the State is 75 square miles ; its population over 80,000, chiefly
Hindus. The Diwan maintains a military force of 2 horsemen, 60 infantry,
and 4 guns.
Residence. Jaso, Bundelkhand, Central India.
JAS WANT RAI, Rat Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign, in consideration of eminent
services in the Army Medical Department.
Residence. Shdhpur, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 211
JASWANT SINGH (of Nurpur), Rdjd.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary. Nurpur is a hill principality to the
west of Guler. The Raja belongs to a Rajput family, descended from Jit
Pal, who came from Delhi about 700 years ago, and established himself at
Pathankot. Subsequently the family removed to the hills ; and Nurpur
became their capital in the time of Raja Basu, about the year 1640 A.D. At
the time of the conquests of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore, Raja" Bir,
father of the present Raja, was Raja of Nurpur. He endeavoured to resist
Ranjit Singh ; but being compelled to take refuge in Chamba, was given up
by the Raja of Chamba, and imprisoned in the fortress of Gobindgarh.
Subsequently he was ransomed by his brother-in-law, Sardar Charat Singh,
for Rs.85,ooo ; and in 1846 raised the standard of revolt, besieged
Nurpur, and died before its walls. He was succeeded by the present Raja,
who has received a large grant from the British Government.
Residence. Nurpur, Kdngra, Punjab.
JATH, AMRITRAO RAO SAHEB DAPHLE, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1835 ; succeeded to the gadi 28th July 1841 as a minor. Belongs
to a Mahratta (Hindu) family. The late Jagirdar, Ramrao, died in 1841
without issue ; whereon his widow, Bhagirthibai, adopted Amritrao, the
present Jagirdar. The Daphle is also Chief of Karasgi ; and the jdgir of
Daphlapur (or Daflapur) is also really a part of this State, and will revert to
it on the demise of the three widows of the late Chief. The founder of the
Jath State was the hereditary pdtel, or headman, of Daflapur village. The
area of the State is 884 square miles; its population is 49,491, chiefly
Hindus, but including 2842 Muhammadans.
Residence. Jath, Bijdpur, Bombay.
JAWAHIR LAL, LALA, Rai Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. India.
JAWAHIR SINGH (of Chamdri), Rao.
Born 1845. The title is hereditary, having been originally granted by
the Raja Mori Pahlodh of Chanderi, and subsequently confirmed under
British rule.
Residence. Chamdri, Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
JAWASIA, RAWAT LAL SINGH, Rdwat of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1858; succeeded to the gadi in 1882. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family. The population of the State is about 607, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Jawdsia, Western Ma"lwa", Central India.
212 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JAWHAR, PATANGSHAH VIKRAMSHAH MUKNI, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1855 ; succeeded to thegadi 2Qth June 1866 as a minor. Belongs
to a Koli (Hindu) family, descended from Jaya Mukni, a freebooter who
possessed himself of this territory about 1335. His son, Nim Shah, obtained
the title of Raja from the Emperor of Delhi in the year 1341. The late
Raja Vikramshah died in 1865 ; and his widow, the Rani Lakshmibai Saheb,
adopted the present Raja, who was then called Malhar Rao, son of Madhav-
rao Dewrao Mukni, a descendant of Raja Krishna Shah, ninth Raja of Jawhar.
The State has an area of 534 square miles; and a population of 48,556,
chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force of 8 cavalry and 25
infantry. The family cognisance is an arrow, barbed, point downward.
Residence. Jawhar, Thdna, Bombay.
JBJBBBHOY, SIR JAMSETJBB, Baronet, C.S.I.
Born 3rd March 1851 ; succeeded his father, the late Sir Jamsetjee
Jejeebhoy, second Baronet, in 1877 ; when (in accordance with the special
Act of the Indian Legislature of 1860) he assumed
the name of Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy in lieu of Manekjee
Cursetjee. Is the third Baronet ; and has been
created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of
the Star of India. Is a merchant of the city of
Bombay, a Magistrate, and Member of the Legis-
lative Council of Bombay. Belongs to a family
that has long been regarded as the leaders of the
Parsi community of Western India. The first
Baronet, Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, K.C.B., of Bom-
bay, was so created in 1857, in recognition of his
unbounded munificence and public spirit, and of
his undoubted loyalty. His very great wealth was
used in promoting the good of others ; and the second
Baronet, who died in 1877, also earned a similar
reputation for benevolence and liberality. In 1860, the special Act of the
Indian Legislature, referred to above, was passed with the sanction of Her
Most Gracious Majesty, enacting that all future holders of the title, on
succeeding to it, shall relinquish their own names and assume those of the
first Baronet. The present Baronet, in 1869, married Jerbai, daughter of
Shapurji Dhanjibhai, Esq. ; and has a son and heir, Cursetjee, born nth
November 1878. Sir Jamsetjee's brothers are: (i) Co wasjee Cursetjee, born
25th November 1852, married, in 1869, Gulbai Rustamji Wadia ; and (2)
Jamsetjee Cursetjee, born 1860, married, 1882, Awabai Shapurji Dhanjibhai.
The family arms are azure, a sun rising above a representation of the
Ghats (mountains near Bombay) in base, and in chief two bees volant, all
proper. The crest is a mount vert, thereon a peacock amidst wheat, and
in the beak an ear of wheat, all proper.
Residence. Mazagon Castle, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 213
JETPUR, AZAM VALA LAKSHMAN MERAN, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1849; succeeded to the gadi i;th September 1883. Jointly
rules Jetpur with several other Talukdars. The State is tributary to Baroda
and Junagarh.
Residence. Jetpur, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay.
JETPUR, AZAM VALA SURAG GANGA, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1799; succeeded to the gadi ist September 1847. Joint-
Talukdar of Jetpur with several others.
Residence. Jetpur, Ka"thia"wa"r, Bombay.
JETPUR, AZAM VALA NAJA KALA DEODAN, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1865 ; succeeded to the gadi i4th June 1890. Is Joint-Talukdar
of Jetpur with several others.
Residence. Jetpur, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay.
JHABUA, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA GOPAL SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 22nd February 1841 ; succeeded to ft&gadi as a minor in October
1841. Belongs to the great Rathor Rajput family of the Maharajas of
Jodhpur, Idar, etc. The title of Raja was bestowed on Kishan Das, a
remote ancestor of the present Raja, by Ala-ud-din, the Emperor of Delhi,
as a reward for a successful campaign in Bengal, and for punishing the Bhil
Chiefs of Jhabua, who had murdered an Imperial Viceroy of Gujarat. The
State, which was at one time tributary to Indore, has an area of 1336 square
miles ; and a population of 92,938, chiefly Hindus, but including nearly
50,000 belonging to the aboriginal Bhil and other tribes. The State flag is
red. The Raja maintains a military force of 64 cavalry, 253 infantry, and
4 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Jhabua, Bhopdwar, Central India.
JHALARIA, Thdkur of. See Jhalera.
2i 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JHALAWAR, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJ RANA ZALIM
SINGH, BAHADUR, Mahdrdj Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864 ; succeeded to the gadi 24th June 1876 as a minor. Is a
Chief of the Jhala Rajputs, whose ancestors came from Jhalawar in Kathia-
war. In 1709 A.D. Bhao Singh, a younger son of the Chief of Halwad in
Kathiawar, took some retainers with him and went to Delhi. His son
Madhu Singh rose to high favour and rank in the service of the Maharaja of
Kotah ; his sister was married to the heir, and his descendants thus acquired
the title of Mama (" maternal uncle ") in Kotah. Ultimately, in 1 838, a portion
of the State of Kotah was cut off, with the consent of the Maharaja and of
the British Government, and erected into the State of Jhalawar, under one
of Madhu Singh's descendants, Madan Singh, son of Zalim Singh, who had
long been the successful administrator of Kotah. Madan Singh received the
title of Maharaj Rana. His son, Prithi Singh, did good service during the
Mutiny ; and was succeeded in 1876 by his adopted son, the present Maharaj
Rana, as a minor. His Highness was educated at Mayo College, Ajmir;
and was invested with full powers of government on attaining his majority in
1884. The State has an area of 2694 square miles; and a population of
340,488, chiefly Hindus, but including 20,863 Muhammadans. His High-
ness maintains a military force of 403 cavalry, 3873 infantry, and 94 guns ;
and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
Residence. Jhalra Patan, Rdjputdna.
JHALBRA, THAKUR HATTB SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1858 ; succeeded to the gadi 22nd May 1884. This is a Girdsia
State, connected with Gwalior.
Residence. Jhalera, Bhopa*!, Central India.
JHARI GHARKHADI, NAIK SUKRONA walad
CHAMBARYA RBSHMA, Chief of .
Born 1850. Belongs to a Bhil (aboriginal) family. The State (which is
one of the Dang States of Khandesh) has an area of 8 square miles ; and a
population of 167, chiefly Bhils.
Residence. Jhari Gharkhadi, Khdndesh, Bombay.
JIGNI, RAO LAKSHMAN SINGH BAHADUR, Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to the gadi as a minor i6th September 1871.
Belongs to the great Bundela Rajput family, descended from the founder of
the Orchha State, which has given ruling families to Panna, Dattia, Ajaigarh,
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 215
Charkhari, Jaso, and most of the States of Bundelkhand. The founder of
Jigni was the Rao Padam Singh, one of the sons of the great Maharaja
Chhatarsal. His great-grandson was the Rao Prithi Singh, who received a
sanad from the British Government in 1810. His grandson by adoption
(being adopted from the kindred ruling family of Panna) is the present Rao,
who received the additional title of Bahadur at the Imperial Assemblage of
Delhi, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India. The area of the State is 2 2 square miles : its population
is 3427, chiefly Hindus. The Rao Bahadur maintains a military force of 47
infantry and 3 guns.
Residence. Jigni, Bundelkhand, Central India.
JIND, HIS HIGHNESS FARZAND-I-DILBAND RASIKH-UL-
ITIKAD DAULAT-I-INGLISHIA RAJA-I-RAJAGAN RAJA
RANBHIR SINGH BAHADUR, Rdjd Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1878 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 7th March 1887. Belongs
to the famous Phulkian family of Sidhu Jats, descended from Phul, the
common ancestor of the ruling families of Patiala, Jind, Nabha, and other
Punjab States. Phul was twenty-ninth in descent from the Rawal Jaisal
Singh, the head of the Jadu Bhati Rajputs, who founded Jaisalmir in
1156 A.D. A great-grandson of Phul, named Gajpat Singh, obtained the title
of Raja of Jind from Shah Alam, Emperor of Delhi in 1772. His son,
Raja Bhag Singh, aided Lord Lake in his pursuit of Holkar in 1805, and
was accordingly confirmed by the British Government in his possessions. In
1857 Raja Sarup Singh of Jind was the first to march against the mutineers
of Delhi ; and he and his troops took a prominent part in the siege and
capture of the city, for which services he received large extensions of his ter-
ritory. He died in 1864, and was succeeded by his son, the Raja Ragbir
Singh, who was created a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India; and at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi, ist
January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India, he was appointed a Councillor of the Empress.
The present Raja succeeded in 1887. The area of his State is 1259 square
miles; and its population is 249,862, chiefly Hindus, but including 34,247
Muhammadans and 4335 Sikhs. His Highness maintains a military force
of 379 cavalry, 1571 infantry, and 12 guns; and is entitled to a salute of n
guns.
Residence. Jind, Punjab.
JIND WADO walad AMIR ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation.
Residence. Shika~rpur, Sind.
2I 6 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JIT SINGH (of Maheru), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat family, descended from Sardar
Ramdas Singh and Sardar Gurdas Singh, two brothers, who took possession *
of Maheru at the time of the decline of the Mughal Power. In 1799 A - D ->
when the Maharaja Ranjit Singh became all-powerful in the Punjab, Sardar
Charat Singh of Maheru made his submission to him, and retained his pos-
sessions. His son, Sardar Jawahir Singh, succeeded, and was confirmed in
eleven villages. But on his death, and the succession of Sardar Jaimal
Singh, these were resumed with the exception of Maheru. The Sardar
Jaimal Singh did good service in the time of the Mutiny in 1857, and on his
death was succeeded by the present Sardar.
Residence. Maheru, Jdlandhar, Punjab.
JIWAN SINGH, C.I.B. (of Buruja), Sarddr.
Born 1842. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat family, descended
from Sardar Nanu Singh, who came from Jhawal Mandan, in the Manjha or
central tract of the Punjab, in 1759 A.D., and took possession of Buruja and
the surrounding territory. The present Sardar did good service, both in the
war of 1845-46, when he was a minor, and also in the Mutiny of 1857. For
the latter he received a considerable reward. He has a son and heir, named
Gajindar Singh.
Residence. Ambala, Punjab.
JIWAN SINGH, C.S.I, (of SMhzddpur), Sarddr.
Born 1860. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat (Sindhu) family,
descended from Sardar Dip Singh, who was the Mahant of the " Damdama
Saheb" or resting-place, which was the retreat of the Guru Govind Singh, the
tenth and last Sikh Guru, after his defeat by the Imperial army of Delhi. A
large number of Sikhs assembled around Dip Singh, who was ultimately slain
in a battle with the Governor of Lahore. Dip Singh was succeeded by
Sudha Singh, who fell in a battle with the Governor of Jalandhar, and has
always been known among Sikhs as " Shahid," or the Martyr, which became
a family name. His successor was Sardar Karam Singh, who took possession
of some territory in the Singhpura district, which, with the other Cis-Sutlej
territories, came under British control in 1808-9. Sardar Sheo Kirpal Singh,
Shahid, did good service in the time of the Mutiny of 1857, and was re-
warded by Government ; and his son is the present Sardar, who was created
a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India on ist January
1891.
Residence. Shdhzddpur, Ambdla, Punjab.
JIWAN SINGH (of Atari), Sarddr.
Born 1835. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Sidhu Jat (Rajput)
family, descended from Kanh Chand. His great-grandson was the famous
Sardar Sham Singh, whose daughter was betrothed to the Prince Nau Nihal
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 217
Singh, grandson of the Maharaja Ran] it Singh. When the Sikh army in-
vaded the Cis-Sutlej territory, Sardar Sham Singh disapproved of the war, but
being reproached with his inaction he joined the camp, and fell in battle in
01846. His sons were Sardar Thakur Singh and Sardar Kanh Singh, and
after the annexation much of the family estate was confirmed to the latter.
He died without issue in 1872, and his estates were allowed to devolve on
Sardar Ajit Singh, son of Sardar Thakur Singh, and a younger brother of the
Sardar Jiwan Singh. The latter is the eldest son of the late Sardar Thakur
Singh. He has two sons, named Partab Singh and Changa Singh.
Residence. Ata"ri, Amritsar, Punjab.
JIWAN SINGH, THAKUR (of Jakhnoda), Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890.
Residence Alira"jpur, Central India.
\
JOi3AT, RANA SARUP SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1866 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1874 as a minor. Belongs to the
Rahtor tribe of Rajputs (Hindu) ; occupies a fort picturesquely situated on
the summit of a steep rocky hill, shut in on three sides by forest-clad moun-
tains, and overlooking the town of Jobat. The area of the State is 132
square miles; its population 9387, chiefly Hindus, but including 3916
belonging to Bhii and other aboriginal tribes. The Rana maintains a mili-
tary force of 5 cavalry and 44 infantry.
Residence. Jobat, Bhopdwar, Central India.
JODH SINGH (of Chapa), Sardar.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
JODHA SINHA (of Kakhauta), Rao.
Born 1838. The title is hereditary. The Rao belongs to an old Sengar
family, who settled in Pargand Auraiya in Etawah. He has a son and heir,
named Lala Guman Singh, born 27th February 1870.
Residence. Kakhauta, Eta"wah, North- Western Provinces.
218
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JODHPUR, HIS HIGHNESS SIR JASWANT SINGH
BAHADUR, G.C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1837; succeeded to the gadi i3th February 1873. ^ s tne Chief
of the great Rahtor tribe or clan of the Rajputs, claiming direct descent
from the legendary hero Rama, and, like
the Sesodias of Udaipur and the Kachhwahas
of Jaipur, representing the royal line of the
Surya Vansa or Solar race. His full titles
are His Highness Raj Rajeshwar Maharaj-
Adhiraj Sir Jaswant Singh, Bahadur, Knight
Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order
of the Star of India. The proper name of
the State, the capital of which is Jodhpur
(from the name of its founder), is Marwar
anciently Marusthdn, "the land of death,"
a term applied formerly not only to the
country of Marwar, but to the whole of the
Great Indian Desert from the Sutlej to the
Indian Ocean. Tod, in his learned Annals
of Rdjdsthdn, says of the family of the
Jodhpur Maharaja "It requires neither Bhat nor Bard to illustrate its
nobility; a series of splendid deeds which time cannot obliterate has
emblazoned the Rahtor name on the historical tablet. Where all these
races have gained a place in the Temple of Fame it is almost invidious
to select, but truth compels me to place the Rahtor with the Chauhan
on the very pinnacle." In Tod's work the Annals of Mdrwdr occupy a
place only second to those of Mewar (or Udaipur), and present a most in-
teresting view of feudalism in India. Even to the present day the feudal
Thakurs of Rajputana feudatories of their Highnesses the Maharana of
Udaipur, the Maharajas of Jodhpur and Jaipur, and the other Princes of this
territory are nobles of high account and great local power. Up to
1194 A.D. the Rahtor family were rulers of the vast Empire of Kanauj. The
famous Jai Chand was the last King of Kanauj, and his grandson, Sivaji,
migrated westward to Marwar. Scions of the family became rulers of Bikanir
and Kishangarh in Rajputana, of Idar and Ahmadnagar in Gujarat, and else-
where. Mandor, the ancient capital of Marwar, was conquered by Rao
Chanda, who was tenth in descent from Sivaji, about the year 1382 A.D.
His grandson Jodh, the eldest of twenty-four sons of Rinmal, moved the
capital from Mandor to Jodhpur in 1459 A.D. After resisting the Emperor
Babar and the Afghan Sher Shah, Jodh ultimately had to submit to the
Great Mughal, Akbar, and sent his son Udai Singh to take service at Delhi ;
and ultimately Udai Singh's sister, the famous Jodh Bai, became the consort
of the Mughal monarch. When Udai Singh's son, Raja Sur Singh, succeeded
to the gadi of Jodhpur, he rose to high favour with his Imperial uncle, and
was the general of Akbar's troops who added Gujarat and the Deccan to the
Mughal Empire. His son, Raja Jaswant Singh, was the general whom the
Emperor Shah Jahan sent against his rebellious son Aurangzeb, and was
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 219
defeated by the latter. The successor of Jaswant Singh was a posthumous
son, the famous Ajit Singh. In his time Aurangzeb in person attacked
Rajputana, sacked Jodhpur, and ordered the conversion of the Rajputs to
Muhammadanism. But Ajit Singh formed a league with Udaipur and
Jaipur, and the combined forces of the three great Rajput States held in
check the armies of Aurangzeb. One stipulation of this league is famous,
and was disastrous to Jodhpur and Jaipur by reason of the domestic feuds it
caused. It was to the effect that the Jodhpur and Jaipur families, who had
lost the privilege of marrying Princesses of Udaipur because they had given
their own daughters to the Mughal Emperors, should recover this privilege,
on condition that the issue of any marriage with an Udaipur Princess should
succeed to the Raj before all other children. Ajit Singh was murdered by
his son Bakht Singh, and heavy troubles thereafter befell the Rahtor family.
There was a long war between the Rajas of Jaipur and Jodhpur, who were
rival suitors for the hand of a Princess of Udaipur. Amir Khan, the great
Pindari leader (afterwards Nawab of Tonk), took sides, first with Jaipur, then
with Jodhpur, and plundered and utterly exhausted both States in turn. At
last the British Government intervened, and by a treaty in 1818 Jodhpur
became a feudatory of the Paramount Power. Raja Man Singh died in
1843, leaving no son, and the nobles and Court officials, with the consent of
the British Government, elected Takht Singh, Raja of Ahmadnagar, a
descendant of Ajit Singh, to the vacant gadi. The Raja Takht Singh did
good service during the Mutiny of 1857. He died in 1873, an d was suc-
ceeded by the present Maharaja. His Highness has been created a Grand
Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. The area of
his State is 37,000 square miles ; its population is 1,750,403, chiefly Hindus,
but including about 155,000 Muhammadans and about 172,000 Jains. In
point of extent the Jodhpur State is larger than any of the smaller European
States, and is somewhat larger than Bavaria and Saxony combined ; in popu-
lation it surpasses the Grand Duchy of Baden. The Maharaja maintains a
military force of 3162 cavalry, 3653 infantry, and 121 guns; and is entitled
to a salute of 2 1 guns (including 4 guns personal). The family cognisance
is the falcon, the sacred garur of the Solar Rajputs. The arms of His
Highness, as displayed on the banner presented to him by the Empress of
India at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi in January 1877, on the occasion
of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress, are shown
in the margin.
Residence. Jodhpur, Ra"jputa"na.
220 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JOGESH CHANDRA CHATTARJI (of Anuliya, RdndgMt),
Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Assam.
JOG-INDRA NATH RAI (of Ndtor), Kumdr.
The title is personal. The Kumar is the son of the late Raja Anan-
danath Rai Bahadur, C.S.I.
Residence. Ra"jshdhi, Bengal.
JOTINDRA MOHAN TAGOR, SIR, K.C.S.I., Maharaja Bahadur.
See Tagore.
JUBBAL, RANA PADAM CHAND, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 86 1 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor iyth March 1877.
Belongs to a Rahtor Rajput family (see Jodhpur), claiming descent from the
ruling family of Sirmur, which preceded the present dynasty. Originally
tributary to Sirmur, this State (which is one of the Simla Hill States) was
freed by the British after the conclusion of the Gurkha war, and the Rana,
Puran Singh, received a sanad from Lord Lake in 1815. After great vicissi-
tudes of fortune, Puran Singh (who had given up his State to the British
Government) died in 1849, an d it was then resolved to restore the State to
his son, Rana Karm Chand. The latter died in 1877, and was succeeded
by his son, the present Rana. The area of the State is 257 square miles;
its population is 19,196, chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a military
force of 50 infantry.
Residence. Jubbal, Simla Hills, Punjab.
JUMKHA, BECHARBHA BARYAL, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1836. Belongs to an aboriginal tribe.
Residence. Jumkha, Rewa" Kdntha, Bombay.
JUMMOO AND CASHMERE,
His Highness the Maharaja Bahadur of. See Jammu and Kashmir.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
JUNAGARH, HIS HIGHNESS SIR BAHADUR KHANJI
MUHABAT KHANJI, G.C.I.E., Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1856 ; succeeded to the gadi 29th September 1882. Belongs to a
Babi Pathan (Muhammadan) family. Is ninth in succession from Sher Khan
Babi, the founder of the State, who about the year 1735 expelled the Mughal
Governor and established his own power. The late Nawab, Sir Muhabat
Khanji, was created Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the
Star of India in 1871. He died in 1882, and was succeeded by his son,
the present Nawab, who was invested with the insignia of a Knight Grand
Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on 2oth
November 1890. The area of the State is 3279 square miles; and its
population is 387,499, chiefly Hindus, but including 76,401 Muhammadans.
His Highness maintains a military force of 251 cavalry, 1972 infantry, and
66 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Juna"garh, Ka"thidwdr, Bombay.
JWALA PERSHAD, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 7th January 1876.
Residence. Ujjain, Central India.
JWALA SINGH (of Jharauli), Sarddr.
Born 1846. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Sindhu Jat (Rajput)
family, descended from Dip Singh, the Mahant of the " Damdama Saheb,"
or resting-place of the Guru Govind Singh (see Jiwan Singh, Shahid, Sardar).
His successor, Sudha Singh, falling in battle with the Governor of Jalandhar,
the family have since been known by the name of Shahid ("Martyr").
Sardar Jwala Singh, son of Sardar Jit Singh of Jharauli, is the present head
of the Jharauli Shahids. He has two sons Devindar Singh and Mohindar
Singh.
Residence. Jharauli, Ambala, Punjab.
JWALA SINGH (of Wazirabad), Sarddr.
Born 1822. The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the youngest son ot
the Sardar Ganda Singh, who was in attendance on the Maharaja Sher Singh
when that prince was assassinated, and was severely wounded in the
endeavour to defend him. Sardar Ganda Singh was killed at the battle of
Firuzshahr. Sardar Jwala Singh is an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Gujrdnwcila, Punjab.
JYOTI PRASAD GARGA (of Maisadal), Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890, for his
" liberality and public spirit." The Raja is the present representative of
222 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
the Maisadal family. Their title of Raja is said to have been conferred by
the old Nawabs of Bengal. The first Raja was the Raja Janardhan Upad-
hyaya. Two ladies of this family at different periods the Rani Janaki Devi
and the Rani Mathura Devi have been in charge of the Raj. The late
Raja, Lakshman Prasad Garga of Maisadal, is recorded to have rendered
good service during the Orissa famine of 1866.
Residence. -Maisadal, Midnapur, Bengal.
KABIL SHAH, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Thar and Parkar, Sind.
KACHI BARODA, THAKUR DALBL SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839; succeeded to the gadi 1864. The State is tributary to
Dhar, to which it is adjacent, and contains a population of about 3000.
Residence. Kachi Baroda, Bhopdwar, Central India.
KADATTANAD, MANA VARMA RAJA, Valiya Rdjd of.
Born 1820. The title is hereditary, the present Raja being the twenty-
sixth in descent. Belongs to a Samanda family, which originally held the
rule over a district named Vatakumpuram. One of his ancestors was driven
out of Vatakumpuram by the Zamorin of Calicut, and thenceforward the
family ruled a district on the Malabar coast, extending originally from Mahe
to Badagara, where the Raja now lives. This territory is said to have
been granted by the Cherakal Raja of Kolathiri. In 1766 Haidar AH of
Mysore invaded the country, and the Raja took refuge with the East India
Company's officers in Tellicheri ; and again, when the Sultan Tippu invaded
the country, the Raja and his family took refuge with the Maharaja of
Travancore. In 1792 the Raja entered into an agreement with the British
Government to receive an annuity as compensation for the estates of his
ancestors. Like the other Malabar Rajas, the family follows the Marumak-
katayam law of inheritance, by which the succession is with the offspring of
its female members, the next eldest male to the Raja being always his heir.
The late Raja Udaya Varma was born in 181 1, and succeeded to the title on
23rd June 1858. He died recently, and was succeeded by his heir under
the Marumakkatayam law, the present Raja.
Residence. Badagara, Malabar District, Madras.
KADIR BAKHSH, MUNSHI, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 223
KADIR HUSAIN, Khan.
The title is personal, and was originally conferred by the Nawab of the
Carnatic, and recognised in 1891.
Residence. Madras.
KADIR HUSAIN, Khan Bahadur Ausif Jang Itimad-ud-daula.
The titles are personal, and were conferred originally by the Nawab of
the Carnatic, and recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. M adras.
KADIR MOHI-UD-DIN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, it was conferred originally by the Nawab of the
Carnatic, arid recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. M adras.
KADIRDAD KHAN GUL KHAN, C.I.E., Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur is a Deputy Collector in Sind ; and for his services to
the State was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Sind.
KAHLUR, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA BIJE CHAND, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1872; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 3rd February 1889.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from Argok, a Raja
whose territory was situated in the Deccan. Harihar Chand, a descendant
of Argok in the fourteenth generation, came on a pilgrimage to Jwalamukhi,
a sacred place in the Kangra district of the Punjab ; he saw Jhandbhari, in
the Hoshiarpur district, and, attracted by the place, conquered it and settled
down there. One of Harihar Chand's sons conquered and took possession
of the Chamba State (q.v.) ; another carved out a principality for himself in
Kanidon; while a third son, Bir Chand, founded the State of Kahlur or
Bilaspur. From 1803 to 1815 the State was overrun by the Gurkhas, and
after their expulsion it was confirmed to the then Raja by a sanad from the
British Government, dated 6th March 1815. The Raja Hira Singh, pre-
decessor of the present Raja, rendered good service during the Mutiny of
1857, and was rewarded with a salute of n guns. The area of the State
(which is one of the Simla Hill States) is 448 square miles ; its population is
86,546, chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force of 40 cavalry,
620 infantry, and n guns, and is entitled to a salute of n guns.
Residence. Kahlur, Simla Hills, Punjab.
224 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KAHN. See Kanh.
KAILASH CHANDAR MUKHARJI, Red Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1887, for "long
and meritorious service in the Bengal Secretariat."
Residence. 20 Durjipara Street, Calcutta, Bengal.
KAISAR MIRZA, Nawdb Bahddur.
The title is personal, the Nawab Bahadur being the grandson of a
daughter of the late Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Oudh. He is the son of
the Nawab Abul Hasan Khan.
Residence. O udh.
KAKARKHERI (BHOPAL), Thdkur of. See Dhabla Dhir.
KAKKU MAL, Rai Bahddur.
Born 28th February 1849. The title is personal, and was conferred on
1 6th February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Belongs to a family that migrated from the Punjab in 1751, and settled at
Ajudhya. His father was Treasurer under the Kings of Oudh, and was
subsequently appointed Peshkar by the British Government. He has rendered
loyal and meritorious service as Chairman of the Fyzabad Municipal Board.
Residence. Fyzabad, Oudh.
KALAHANDI, Rdjd of. See Karond.
KALAHASTI, KUMARA MADDU VENKATAPPA, Rdjd oj.
Born 1850; succeeded recently to the gadi on the death of his father,
the Raja Damarakumara Maddu Venkatappa Nayudu Bahadur Garu, C.S.I.
Belongs to an ancient family, that acquired importance in the i5th century
under the Government of the Rajas of Vijayanagar, and increased in con-
sequence of the decline of that dynasty. Under the Muhammadan Govern-
ment the head of the family held the position of a Mansabddr of 5000
foot ; and a sanad granted by the Emperor Aurangzeb of Delhi made the
family directly subordinate to the Nawab of Arcot. An ancestor of the
Raja was the local Naik who procured for the English from the Raja of
Chandragiri the privilege of settling at Madras and of building a fort there ;
and his father's name being Chenappa, he stipulated that the place should be
called Chenappa-patnam. The late Raja received the Companionship of the
Most Exalted Order of the Star of India from His Royal Highness the Prince
of Wales, at the Darbar held at Calcutta on ist January 1876. The family
banner is the " Hanumadwajam," or flag bearing the device of Hanuman
(the sacred monkey) in five colours. The Raja owns large estates in Nellore
and North Arcot districts, Madras.
Residence. Kalahasti, Nellore, Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 225
KALAT, HIS HIGHNESS BEGLAR BEGI MIR SIR MUHAM-
MAD KHODADAD KHAN, G.C.S.I, Walt of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1838; succeeded to the gadi in 1857. The title of Beglar Begi
was conferred on one of His Highness's ancestors, named Nasir Khan, by
the great Persian invader Nadir Shah in 1739. Nasir Khan subsequently
was embroiled in wars with the King of Kabul, Ahmad Shah Abdali, and
later on became a trusted leader of that monarch's troops. Nasir Khan
died in extreme old age in 1795, and was succeeded by his son Mahmud
Khan. In 1839, at the time of the first Afghan war, Mehrab Khan was
the Wali of Kalat and ruler of Baluchistan; on account of his supposed
treachery (which was afterwards discovered to have been falsely attributed to
him by his Wazir\ the town and fort of Kalat were stormed by General
Willshire, and the unfortunate Mehrab Khan was among the slain. In 1841,
however, his son Nasir Khan was reinstated by the British, whose army
thereon evacuated the country; and in 1854 a treaty was concluded,
stipulating for the protection of the State by the British Power. Nasir Khan
died in 1856, and was succeeded by his brother, the present Wali. His
Highness had an interview with the Viceroy of India (Lord Lytton) in 1876
at Jacobabad, when the treaty of 1854 was renewed and extended; and,
with his great vassals, he attended the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in 1877,
on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India,
and was created a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of
the Star of India. Throughout the Afghan war of 1878-79 the Wali
rendered the most valuable aid to the Government -placing all the resources
of his country at its disposal, and sending his son and heir -apparent to
accompany the General in command of the army passing through his
territory. The area of the State is about 91,000 square miles; its popula-
tion is about 150,000, chiefly Muhammadans. His Highness maintains a
military force of 300 cavalry, 1500 infantry, and 6 guns; and is entitled to a
salute of 2 1 guns (including 2 guns personal).
Residence. Kalcit, Baluchistan.
KALB ALI KHAN, MIRZA, Khdn Bahddur.
Born 22nd June 1828. The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th
May 1889, for his " distinguished loyalty in the Mutiny and his good services."
The Khan Bahadur was formerly Sub-Judge of Unao, and has had a long and
distinguished service in the Judicial Department.
Residence. Unao, Oudh.
KALE KHAN, MAJOR, Khan Bahddur.
Governor of Gilgit. Granted the title of Khan Bahadur, as a personal
distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Gilgit, Kashmir.
KALI BAORI, BHUMIA SHER SINGH, Bhumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859; succeeded to the gadi in 1874. The Bhumia receives
allowances both from Dhar and from Gwalior, on condition of preserving
Q
226 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
order in certain territory. The State contains about 1700 inhabitants,
chiefly Hindus. The Chief belongs to a Bhilala family.
Residence. Ka"li Ba"ori, Bhopdwar, Central India.
KALI KISHAN GHOSH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888, in recognition
of highly meritorious service in the Army Medical Department, in which the
Rai Bahadur has been an Assistant-Surgeon.
Residence. Na"gpur, Central Provinces.
KALI KUMAR DB, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January
1893, for eminent services in the Currency Department.
Residence. Calcutta.
KALI PADA MUKHARJI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Orissa, Bengal.
KALIKA DAS DATT, Rai Bahadur.
Born 3rd July 1841 ; son of the late Rai Golak Nath Datt. Educated
at the Krishnagar and Presidency Colleges of the Calcutta University (B.A.,
1860 ; B.L., 1861). Appointed to the Judicial Service in 1861, and became
Diwan of the State of Kuch Behar in August 1869. Was formally invested
with insignia of office in 1870, and became Member of the Kuch Behar State
Council. Has rendered long and meritorious service as Minister of the Kuch
Behar State, and in recognition thereof was granted the title of Rai Bahadur
on ist January 1891. Has three sons (i) Charu Chandra Datt, born i6th
June 1876 j (2) Atal Chandra Datt, born 5th June 1878 ; (3) Nirmal Chandra
Datt, born 23rd January 1881.
Residences. The Dewa~nkha"na, Kuch Behar, Bengal ; Meral, Burdwan,
Bengal ; and 4 Ganga"dhar Babu's Lane, Calcutta.
KALIYAN SINGH (of Jhawaro) Rao.
Born 1863. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by
the old Mahratta Government of Deori, and subsequently recognised by the
British Government.
Residence. Jhawaro, Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
KALIYAN SINGH, THAKUR, Rao Saheb.
The title of Rao Saheb is personal, and was conferred on ist January
1877.
Residence. Junian, Ajmir.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 227
KALIYANA SUNDAEAM CHETTIYAR, Rao Bahadur.
Born 1837. The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Was appointed a Deputy-Collector in 1878.
Residence. Cuddalore, Madras.
KALSIA, SARDAR RANJIT SINGH, Sarddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 88 1 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 28th August 1886.
Belongs to a Jat (Sikh) family, originally of Kalsia in the Lahore district,
whose founder, Sardar Gurbakhsh Singh, conquered this territory in the last
century. His son, Jodh Singh, was a brave and able man, who made con-
siderable conquests in the neighbourhood of Ambala towards the close of the
century. When the Cis-Sutlej States came under British protection, Sardar
Jodh Singh followed the general example. His grandson, Sardar Lahna
Singh, was the grandfather of the present Sardar. The area of the State is
169 square miles; its population is 67,708, chiefly Hindus, but including
19,930 Muhammadans and 5923 Sikhs. The Sardar maintains a military
force of 48 cavalry, 181 infantry, and 3 guns.
Residence. Kalsia, Punjab.
KALU KHAN (of Kuldchi), Khan Bahadur.
The title was conferred on nth March 1859. The Khan Bahadur
belongs to the family of the Chief of the Gandapur clan of the Kulachi
country in the Dera Ismail Khan district of the Punjab, and belongs to the
Bira Khel (Afghan) tribe. In the Multan campaign of 1848-49 Kalu Khan
and his father AH Khan raised a force of several hundred men of the Bira
Khel tribe of Afghans, and rendered excellent service throughout the second
Sikh war, for which Kalu Khan received a large pension from Government.
When the Mutiny of 1857 broke out, he immediately raised a force of 200
horse and 400 foot, and leaving 200 foot with the Deputy-Commissioner of
Dera Ismail Khan for the posts on the Sulaimani border, he joined Sir
Herbert Edwardes with the remaining 200 horse and 200 foot at Peshawar,
where he served throughout the crisis with distinguished loyalty. For this
he received a valuable khilat^ a perpetual jdgir, and the title of Khan
Bahadur.
Residence. Dera Ismail Khdn, Punjab.
KALU KHERA, RAO UMED SINGH, Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1830 ; succeeded to the gadi 1843. The Rao belongs to a Rajput
family, and his title is hereditary. The State contains a population of about
1000.
Residence. Kalu Khera, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
22 8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KAMADHIA, MIR ZULFIKAR ALI, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Belongs to a Muhammadan family in the Gohelwar Prant, Kathiawar.
The area of the State is 4 square miles; its population about 772, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Kamadhia, Kathidwar, Bombay.
KAMALPUR, THAKUR MADAN SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850; succeeded to the gadi nth October 1881. Receives an
allowance, in lieu of land rights, from Gwalior. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu)
family.
Residence. Kamalpur, Bhopal, Central India.
KAMATA PATI GHOSAL, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889, for dis-
tinguished service in the Bengal Police.
Residence. Naihdti, Bengal.
KAMBAKHSH HASAN MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The Prince is the tenth son of the late Wajid Ali Shah, King of Oudh,
and bears the title of Prince as a personal or courtesy title.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
KAMR KADR MIRZA. See Abid Ali Bahadur.
KAMRAN SHAH, Rdjd.
Born 1840. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by
the ancient Gond Rajas of Deogarh and Nagpur, and subsequently recognised
by the British Government. Belongs to a family of Gond (aboriginal) origin,
that is, a younger branch of the family of Raja Sulaiman Shah of Deogarh
and Nagpur. The family became Muhammadan about 200 years ago. In
1860 the British Government confirmed his jdgirs in perpetuity to Raja
Kamran Shah, in consideration both of his own loyal services during the
Mutiny, and of his father's good services previously rendered. The Raja is
an Honorary Magistrate, and Member of the local Municipal and School
Committees. He has two sons, named Kuar Omri Shah and Kuar Sultan
Shah.
Residence. Ramangan, Hoshangabad, Central Provinces.
KAMR-UD-DIN, FAKIR, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her^Majesty's reign.
Residence. Lahore, Punj ab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 229
KAMTA RAJAULA, BAG BHARAT PARSHAD, Jagirdar of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 8th July 1847; succeeded to the gadi 23rd October 1874.
Belongs to a Kayastha (Hindu) family, descended from Sardar Ajudhya
Parshad, an agent of the State of Charkhari (q.v.\ who became an agent of the
Kalinjar Chaubes, and obtained from them the jdgir of Kamta. His son,
Rao Gopal Lai, received a sanad from the British Government, and, dying in
1874, was succeeded by the present Jagirdar. The area of the State is 4
square miles; its population is about 1500, chiefly Hindus. The Jagirdar
maintains a military force of 1 5 infantry and i gun. He has sons, of whom
the eldest is named Bhaya Ram Parshad.
Residence. Kamta Rajaula, Bundelkhand, Central India.
KANGSEU, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
This Chief rules over one of the Shan States, on the frontiers of Burma.
Residence. Kangseu, Shan States, Burma.
KANH CHAND, Rat Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Kdngra, Punjab.
KANHAI LAL DB, C.I.B., Rat Bahadur.
Born 24th September 1831. The title of Rai Bahadur is personal, and
was conferred on 6th June 1872, for distinguished medical services. The
Rai Bahadur is a son of the late Radha Nath De, Rai Bahadur, and the
name is very commonly spelt " Kanny Lall Dey." He was educated at the
Medical College of Bengal, where he graduated with distinction in 1854, and
in the same year was appointed to a Professorship of Chemistry in the Cal-
cutta Medical College, and a Chemical Examiner to Government. In 1862
he was appointed Professor of Chemistry in the Presidency College of the
University of Calcutta, and from that time his honours professional, scien-
tific, and other have been exceedingly numerous. He was appointed suc-
cessively Member British Medical Association, 1863; Honorary Member,
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 1863; additional Chemical Ex-
'aminer to Government, 1867-72 ; teacher of Chemistry and Medical Juris-
prudence to the Vernacular Classes, Calcutta Medical College, 1869-84;
Fellow of the University of Calcutta, 1870; Member Faculty of Medicine,
University of Calcutta, 1871; Rai Bahadur, 1872; Justice of the Peace,
1872; Member Committee of the Economic Museum, 1874; Professor of
Chemistry and Government Chemical Examiner, Calcutta Medical College,
1877-78; Municipal Commissioner, 1877-85; Member Central Committee
for the Selection of the Vernacular Text-Books, 1887 ; Certificate of Honour
in recognition of services to the State on the occasion of Her Majesty's
assumption of the Imperial title, 1877 ; Examiner in Medical Jurisprudence,
230 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
1878; Fellow Chemical Society, London (F.C.S.), 1880; Vice-President of
the Calcutta Medical Society, 1881 ; Presidency Magistrate for Calcutta,
1 88 1 ; Member of Committee and Juror at the Calcutta Exhibition of Indian
Art Manufactures, 1881-82; Juror at the Jaipur Exhibition, 1883, also Cal-
cutta International Exhibition, 1883-84; created a Companion of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 1884; appointed Member of the
Syndicate, Calcutta University, 1886; Member District Charitable Society,
Calcutta, 1886; Honorary Fellow College of Physicians, Philadelphia, 1886.
The Rai Bahadur is the author of treatises on chemistry, physics, and
medical jurisprudence in Bengali. He has helped to develop the drug
resources of India, and written an elaborate descriptive catalogue of same.
He represented India at the International Exhibition, London, 1862 ; Uni-
versal Exposition of Paris, 1867 and 1878; Vienna Universal Exhibition,
1872; Melbourne Exhibition, 1880; Amsterdam Exhibition, 1883; World's
Industrial Cotton Centennial Exposition, New Orleans, U.S.A., 1884-85;
and Colonial and Indian Exhibition, 1886, for which received certificates
and medals, also thanks of the Government. The Rai Bahadur has a
son, named Priyalal De (the name is very frequently spelt Preo Lall Dey),
born 24th July 1855 ; a Fellow of the Chemical Society of London (F.C.S.),
1886 ; Presidency Magistrate for Calcutta, 1890.
Residences. 1 1 Beadon Street and 62 Aheritola Street, Calcutta, Bengal.
KANHAI LAL JHA, PANDIT, Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on ist January 1890 for
eminence in Oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar imme-
diately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Darbhanga, Bengal.
KANHAYA LAL, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth March 1876.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
KANHAYA LAL, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Amritsar, Punjab.
KANKBR, MAHARAJ-ADHIRAJ NARHAR DEO, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 3th May 1850; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 5th December
1853. Belongs to a very ancient Rajput family, whose ancestors, according
to tradition, were raised to the gadi by a popular vote in very early times.
During the dominion of the Haihai Vansi dynasty in Chhattisgarh the
Kanker Zamindars were rich and prosperous. The area of the State is 639
square miles; its population is 63,610, chiefly Gonds (aboriginal tribe).
Residence. Kanker, Raipur, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 231
KANNAYYA CHBTTI, K.V., Rao Bahadur.
Born 1857. The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888
for eminent services to the State. Was elected a member of the Madras
Municipal Commission in 1885.
Residence. Madras.
KANNY LALL DEY, C.I.B., Rai Bahadur. .Sk.Kanhai Lai De.
KANTARAWADI, SAWLAWI, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is the chief of one of the Karen States in Eastern Karenni,
Burma. The population consists chiefly of Karens.
Residence. Kantarawadi, Eastern Karenni, Burma.
KANTI CHANDAR MUKHARJT, C.I.B., Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. The
Rai Bahadur was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire on ist January 1891, for distinguished services as Diwan or
Prime Minister of the State of Jaipur in Rajputana.
Residence. Jaipur, Rajputdna.
KANTIGYI, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
This Chief rules over one of the Shan States on the frontier of Burma.
Its population consists almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Kantigyi, Shan States, Burma.
KANTIT, RAJA BHUP INDRA BAHADUR SINGH, Rdjd of.
Born 1863; as a minor succeeded his father, Raja Rajendra Bahadur
Singh, in the year of his birth. Belongs to an ancient family of Gaharwar
Rajputs, said to be a branch of that of the Rahtors of Kanauj, and descended
from Gudan Deo. In ancient times, for a long series of years it appears
that there was a Gaharwar Raj of the Kantit family, settled at Benares, and
owning domains in Mirzapur district, south of the Ganges. In 1758 the
Raja Vikramaditya Singh of Kantit was driven out by Balwant Singh, the
first Raja of Benares (g.v.); but after the flight of Raja Chet Singh of
Benares in 1781, Raja Govinda Singh, son of Raja Vikramaditya, recovered
his possessions. He was succeeded by his nephew and adopted son, Ram
Ghulam Singh, whose son was Raja Mahipal Singh ; and the latter in turn
was succeeded by his son, Jagat Bahadur Singh. He died in 1850, leaving
two minor sons, of whom the elder, Raja Rajendra Bahadur Singh,
succeeded his father, but hardly lived to attain his majority. On his death
he was succeeded by the present Raja.
Residence. Bijaipur, Mirzapur, North-Western Provinces.
232 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KAPILAS KUMARI (of Phulghar), Rani.
The title is hereditary. The Rani belongs to a very ancient Gond
family, descended from the Chanda stock of Gond Rajas, 800 years ago. It
is said that the title of Raja was conferred on an ancestor by one of the
ancient Kings of Delhi, before the family left Chanda. Until recently the
Phulghar Zamindari was classed as a Gurjhat feudatory State ; but the late
Raja Jagsai died without legitimate heirs in 1867, and the State lapsed into
the form of a Zamindari, in the hands of the late Rani Sagan Kumari of
Phulghar, who was the lawful wife of the Raja Prithi Singh. The Rani
Sagan Kumari was more than seventy years of age when she succeeded to the
estate, as she was born before the commencement of the present century ; she
was succeeded by the present Rani.
Residence. Phulghar, Sambalpur, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 233
KAPURTHALA, His Highness the Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born September 1872 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 5th
September 1877. The Raja's full title is His Highness Farzand-i-Dilband
Rasikhul-Iti-kad Daulat-i-Inglishia Raja-i-Rajagan Raja Jagatjit Singh
Bahadur. Belongs to a Jat Kalal (Sikh) family, well known under the
distinguished name of Ahluwalia, from the village of Ahlu near Lahore.
The Sardar Jassa Singh was one of the most conspicuous of the leaders who
consolidated the Sikh Power during the disorders and weakness of the
Mughals, consequent on the invasions of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah
Durani. He died without issue, and was succeeded by Sardar Bagh Singh,
a descendant of his uncle. The Chiefs of Kapurthala largely extended their
territories and power; and the name of Sardar Bagh Singh's successor,
Sardar Fateh Singh, was associated with that of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh
in the first Sikh treaty concluded with the British Government. In 1826
Sardar Fateh Singh sought the protection of the British Power against Ranjit
Singh ; but in the first Sikh war his troops fought against the British at the
battle of Aliwal, and on this account his Cis-Sutlej territories were confiscated.
In the second Sikh war his son Sardar Nihal Singh rendered good service ;
and in recognition of it he was created a Raja in 1849. On the outbreak
of the Mutiny in 1857, the Raja Sir Randhir Singh, G. C.S.I., of Kapurthala,
volunteered the services of himself and all his followers. He strengthened
the hold of Government in the Jalandhar Doab, and then volunteered to aid
in the subjugation of the rebellious Province of Oudh. His offer was
accepted ; and accompanied by his brother, the brave Sardar Bikrama Singh
Bahadur, C.S.I., he marched to Oudh at the head of 2000 horse and foot
and four guns. This force fought no less than six actions with the rebels, with
conspicuous valour on the part alike of the Chief, his brother, and his
followers. They held most important positions first at Bani to protect the
Lucknow and Cawnpur road, and afterwards at Daryabad ; and captured ten
guns from the rebels. The Kapurthala troops remained in Oudh for a
whole year ; and the Raja Sir Randhir Singh received as a reward for his
loyalty and bravery large estates there, confiscated from the rebellious Rajas
of Bhitauli, Baundi, and Ikauna, as well as a khilat of Rs. 10,000, and
many other honours. In 1870 he set out to visit England, but unfortunately
died at Aden on the way. He was succeeded by his son, the Raja Kharak
Singh, father of the present Raja ; leaving also a younger son, the Kunwar
Harnam Singh, C.I.E. (q.v.\ and a daughter married to the Sardar Buta
Singh of Sirnanwa. The area of the State is 598 square miles; its
population is 252,617, chiefly Muhammadans, but including 82,900 Hindus
and 26,493 Sikhs. In addition to this, the Oudh estates of His Highness
have an area of 700 square miles, and a population of 253,000. The Raja
maintains a military force of 197 cavalry, 829 infantry, and 13 guns; and is
entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residences. Kapurthala, Punjab ; and Bhitauli, Baundi, and Ikauna,
Oudh.
234 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KARA AHMAD. See Muhammad Jam Jah Ali.
KARAM HUSAIN walad ALI GAUHAR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
KARAM KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a descendant of one of the Mirs or
Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence* Shika~rpur, Sind.
KARAMDAD KHAN (of Pharwala), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, and the Raja succeeded his father in March
1865, as the foremost of the Gakkar Chiefs of the Punjab. The Gakkars
trace their descent from Kai Gohar, of Ispahan in Persia, whose son,
Sultan Kaid, is said to have conquered Badakshan and a part of Tibet. For
many hundreds of years the Gakkars were undoubtedly possessed of great
power and a wide extent of territory ; they overran Kashmir in very early
times, and traces of their occupation are still to be found in the north and
west of that country. They are usually of the Shia sect of Muhammadans.
When the Emperor Babar invaded India, Hati Khan was the Chief of the
Gakkars ; and in the Emperor's Autobiography there is a notice of his
contest with that Chief. Babar marched against Pharwala then, as now,
the capital of the Gakkars in 1526 A.D., and captured it after a gallant
resistance, Hati Khan making his escape from one gate of the town as
Babar's troops entered by another. Sultan Mukarrab Khan was the last
independent Gakkar Chief, and in his day the power of the Gakkars was very
great. He defeated the Yusufzai Afghans and the Chief of the Khattaks,
and captured Gujrat, overrunning the Chib country as far north as Bhimbar.
He joined Ahmad Shah Durani on his several invasions of India, and was
treated by that monarch with the greatest consideration, being confirmed in
the possession of his large territories, which extended from the Chinab to the
Indus. Mukarrab Khan was at last defeated by the powerful Sikh Chief,
Sardar Gujar Singh, Bhangi, and compelled to retire across the Jhelum,
giving up his possessions in the Chaj Doab. His power being thus broken,
the rival Chiefs of his own tribe declared against him, and he was
treacherously put to death. He left four sons, of whom the youngest was
Sultan Shadman Khan, grandfather of the present Raja. The family were
greatly impoverished, weakened, and stripped of most of their possessions, by
the attacks first of Sardar Gujar Singh, and subsequently of Anand Singh,
Thipuria, grandson of the famous Sardar Milkha Singh of Rawalpindi. In
1826 the family was conceded some proprietary rights in Pharwala, the
ancient cradle and home of their race. Shadman Khan's eldest son was
Hayat-ulla-Khan, who became Raja ; he rendered excellent service under
Captain Abbott in 1848-49, and again during the Mutiny of 1857. He was
succeeded by the present Raja in 1865.
Residence. Pharwdla, Rawalpindi, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 235
KARAN SINGH, Rao.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Aligarh, North- Western Provinces.
KARASGI, Chief of. See Jath.
KARAULI, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA BONWAR PAL DEO
BAHADUR YADUKUL CHANDRA BHAL, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1862 ; succeeded to the gadi i4th August 1886. Is the head 01
the great Jadun clan of Rajputs, who claim descent from Krishna, and are
called the Chandravansi or Children of the Moon. The title of Maharaja
has descended to them from the remotest antiquity. Probably the first
historical personage in the pedigree is Bijai Pal, who built the fort of Biana
in 995 A.D. Arjan Deo, in 1348 A.D., established the State, and founded
the capital of Karauli in Rajputana. The Maharaja Dharm Pal became
Maharaja of Karauli in 1644 A.D. ; and the present Maharaja Bahadur is
ninth in succession from Dharm Pal. The Maharaja Madan Pal rendered
good service during the Mutiny of 1857, sending a body of his troops against
the Kotah mutineers ; and for these services he received an addition of two
guns to his salute as a personal distinction, and was created a Knight Grand
Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. The area of
the State is 1208 square miles; its population is 148,670, chiefly Hindus,
but including 8836 Muhammadans. His Highness maintains a military
force of 281 cavalry, 1640 infantry, and 56 guns; and is entitled to a salute
of 1 7 guns. The family banner is coloured yellow.
Residence. Karauli, Ra"jputa"na.
KARENNI, WESTERN, PO BYA, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Po Bya is Chief of one of the Karen States in Burma. Its population
consists almost entirely of Karens. It has three feudatory dependencies
Bawlake, Kyetpogyi, and Naungpale.
Residence. Western Karenni, Burma.
KARIM KHAN, Sarddr Bahadur.
Born 1813; belongs to a Pathan (Afghan) family settled in Unao, Oudh.
He was distinguished for his bravery and loyalty during the Mutiny of 1857,
when he held the military rank of Subahdar ; and in recognition thereof he
received the title of Sardar Bahadur as a personal distinction, by a sanad
dated i8th September 1860.
Residence. Unao, Oudh.
236 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KARIM-UD-DIN AHMAD, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890.
Residence. Meerut, North- Western Provinces.
KABODIA, THAKUR CHAIN SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864; succeeded to the gadi 26th October 1880. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family.
Residence. Karodia, Indore, Central India.
KAROLI, THAKUR BHAWANSINGH JI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1856; belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The area of the
State is 12 square miles; its population about 1500, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Karoli, Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
KAROND, RAJA RAGHU KBSHAR DEO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1871 ; succeeded to the gadi 7th April 1881. Belongs to an
ancient Rajput family of the Nagbansi (snake-race) clan the cognisance of
the Nagbansi clan is the sacred Serpent descended on the female side from
the original Gangabansi dynasty of Karond, and on the male side from the
Rajas of Satrangarh in Chota Nagpur. The late Raja, Udit Partab Deo, for
his good services to Government, received the honour of a personal salute of
nine guns, which was conferred on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. The
present Raja is thirty-first in descent from the founder of the dynasty. The
area of the State is 3745 square miles; and its population is 224,548,
chiefly Gonds (an aboriginal tribe). The Raja is entitled to a salute of
9 guns.
Residence. Karond, Sambalpur, Central Provinces.
KARVETNAGAR, Rdjd of.
See Kumara Venkata Perumal Raz, Rdjd.
KASHI CHANDAR DATT, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Joinshar, Dacca, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 237
KASHI NATH BISWAS, Rai Bahadur.
Born October 1830. The title was conferred on i6th February 1887,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
The Rai Bahadur's great-grandfather was in the service of the Nawab Nazim
of Bengal; and his father and grandfather were employed under the
Governor-General's agent at Benares. He entered the Judicial Service in
1856; became a first-grade Subordinate Judge in 1875, an d received a
Silver Medal of Honour at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi in January
1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of
India. He received the title of Rai Bahadur in recognition of his long and
meritorious services as a Judge.
Residence. Benares, North- Western Provinces.
KASHINATH LAKSHMAN, Rao Bahadur.
Born 1 6th July 1833. The title was conferred on 24th May 1883, for
long and distinguished service in the Police Department, in Khandesh,
Bombay. The Rao Bahadur belongs to a Karhada Brahman family, and
was the son of Lakshuman Krishna, of the Political Department and Police
of Khandesh. Was invested with the title of Rao Bahadur at a Darbar held
at Dhulia on i5th June 1883. In 1846 he married Ganga, the only
daughter of the late Jagirdar of Waroda ; and has issue four sons
(i) Martand, born 3oth July 1865, married Lakshmibai, daughter of
Purushotam Pant Khandekar; (2) Waman, born 27th July 1867, married
Jankibai, daughter of Prathad Pant Shahane, Mamlatdar of Tasgaon ; (3)
Govinda, born 28th August 1871, married Gopikabai, daughter of Madhava
Rao Khandekar Phadnis, late Mamlatdar of Satara; (4) Gopal, born 24th
June 1878, married Rukhminibai, daughter of Narayan Rao Bhopatkar of
Azvi.
Residence. Jalgaon, Khdndesh, Bombay.
KASHINATH TRIMBAK TBLANG-, C.I.E., The Hon.
A distinguished member of the Bombay Bar. Was created a Companion
of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 23rd May 1884.
KASHMIR, His Highness the Mahdrdjd Bahddur of.
See Jammu and Kashmir.
KASIM HUSAIN TAJ-UL-MULK MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The Prince is the ninth son of the late Wajid AH Shah, King of Oudh ;
and accordingly bears this title as a personal or courtesy title,
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
23 8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KASSALPURA, THAKUR MANAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1823; belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The population of
the State is about 400.
Residence. Kassalpura, Mahi Kantha, Bombay.
KASTUR CHAND, SETH, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Kamthi, Central Provinces.
KASTUR CHAND, Seth.
The title is personal ; it was originally conferred by the Nawab of the
Carnatic, and was recognised on i6th December 1890 by the British
Government.
Residence. Jaipur, Madras.
KATARI SUBBARAYUDU NAYUDU, Rai Bahddur.
Born in 1837. The title was conferred on 25th June 1884, for
meritorious services rendered in the Madras Police. Son of the late K.
Subbarayudu Nayudu. Educated at Masulipatam. After four years' service
in the Inam Commission, was appointed to the Madras Police in the Kistna
district in 1866. Received a Gold Medal from the Mysore State for courage
and ability shown in suppressing a notorious gang of dakaits. In 1891
received a jewelled Sword of Honour for similar services from the British
Government. Has two sons Katari Narayanaswami and Katari Subbarao.
Residence. Nandigama, Kistna, Madras.
KATHI, CHANDRA SINGH RAHI PADRI, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1866; belongs to a Bhil (aboriginal) family. The area of the
State, which is one of the Mewas States in Khandesh, is about 500 square
miles; its population rather over 10,000, chiefly Bhils. The Mewas Chiefs
maintain a force of irregulars, called Sibandis, who collect the revenue, attend
the Chiefs, and keep order on the frontier and perform other police duties
under the Khandesh Superintendent of Police. Besides these irregulars, a
considerable number of Bhil headmen, naiks, are bound, if called upon by
their Chiefs, to furnish from 30 to 50 bowmen apiece.
Residence. Kathi, Khandesh, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 239
KATHIWARA, THAKUR BAHADUR SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1865. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family. The area of the State is 68 square miles ; its population
is 2376, Hindus and Bhils. The Thakur maintains a military force of 39
infantry.
Residence. Kathiwara, BhopaVar, Central India.
KATOSAN, THAKUR KARANSINGHJI RANAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850 ; succeeded to the gadi 2 ist January 1869. Belongs to a Koli
(Hindu) family. The population of the State is about 1743.
Residence. Katosan, Mahi Kdntha, Bombay.
KAWARDHA, THAKUR RAJPAL SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 3th November 1849 > succeeded to fatgadi i ith December 1874.
Belongs to a Raj Gond (aboriginal) family, claiming descent from Sham
Chand, from whom the present Thakur is thirteenth in descent. His father
was the Thakur Ram Singh of Pandaria. The area of the State is 887 square
miles ; its population is 86,362, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Kawardha, Bildspur, Central Provinces.
KAWASJI HORMASJI DADA CHARJI, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Aden.
KAWASJI JAMSHBDJI LALKAKA, Khdn Bahadur.
Bora ^i 9th September 1851. The title was conferred on 2 ist February
1884, for!eminent services rendered to the State in the Postal Department.
Belongs to a Parsi family, son of Jamshedji Dosabji Lalkaka. Is a Justice
of the Peace, April 1881. Acted as Deputy Postmaster- General of the
Central Provinces and Berar in 1889, and of Rajputana in 1890. Married,
3rd December 1873, Manikbai, daughter of Nasarwanji Khurshidji Sabavala
of Surat; and has issue two sons Jahangir, born 29th May 1875,
Kaikhushro, born 27th June 1878.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
KAWASJI KAIKHUSRU, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Bombay.
24 o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KAYATHA, THAKUR SHBODAN SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1848 ; succeeded to the gadi 1863. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu)
family.
Residence. Kayatha, Indore, Central India.
KAZIM ALI, Mirza Bahadur.
The Mirza Bahadur is the grandson of the late Muhammad Ali Shah,
King of Oudh, being a son of the Mirza Azim-us-Shan Bahadur, son of that
monarch.
Residence. Oudh .
KAZIM ALI KHAN (1), Nawdb Bahadur.
The Nawab Bahadur is a grandson of the late Muhammad Ali Shah,
King of Oudh, being a son of the Nawab Muazzam-ud-daula Bahadur, by a
daughter of that monarch.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
KAZIM ALI KHAN (2), Nawdb Bahadur.
The Nawab Bahadur is a great-grandson of the late Saadat Ali Khan,
King of Oudh, being a son of the Nawab Ikhtiar-ud-daula Bahadur, who
was a grandson of that monarch.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
KBDAR NATH CHATTARJI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th June 1885.
Residence. Bali, Bengal.
KBDAR NATH KUNDU CHAUDHRI, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1884.
Residence. Howrah, Bengal.
KEHAR SINGH (of Khiva), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Sikh family descended from the
Sardar Rai Maha Singh ; who, with his son, Sardar Laha Singh, fell in battle
in the service of Sardar Charat Singh, head of the Sikh misl or confederacy
known as Sukarchakia, and grandfather of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of
Lahore. Sardar Amar Singh, son of Laha Singh, was taken into the service
of Sardar Charat Singh, received a jdgir, and served with distinction under
Charat Singh's son, Sardar Dayal Singh, and under his grandson the Maha-
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 241
raja. After his death his three sons, Sardars Fateh Singh, Dayal Singh, and
Mohar Singh, rose into favour with the Maharaja ; and the last especially
distinguished himself in an action with the Afghans at Khiva in the Gujrat
district. Mohar Singh subsequently retired to Benares, and the Maharaja
Ranjit Singh confiscated lusjdgirs. His brother, Sardar Dayal Singh (grand-
father of the present Sardar), fought in the battle of Attock, 1813, where he
was severely wounded; and he was again wounded in the expedition to Kashmir,
for which he received some valuable jdgirs. He died in 1832 ; and his son,
Sardar Bishan Singh, died two years afterwards, leaving Kishan, a child of
two years of age. Sardar Kishan Singh was loyal in the time of the Multan
rebellion of 1848-49; and later, in the time of the Mutiny of 1857, he
rendered good service to Government, and was rewarded for it. He died in
1860, and Sardar Kehar Singh is the surviving member of the family. He
is also known as the Sardar Nand Singh.
Residence. Khiva, Gujra"t district, Punjab.
KEONTHAL, RAJA BALBIR SAIN, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1852; succeeded to the gadi 23rd August 1882. Belongs to a
very ancient Rajput family, that bore the title of Rana from early times till
1857, when the title of Raja was conferred on Rana Sansar Sain for his
services in the time of the Mutiny. After the expulsion of the Gurkhas a
portion of the State was made over to the Maharaja of Patiala, and the
remainder was confirmed to the then Rana by a sanad of the British Govern-
ment in 1815. He has six feudatory Chiefs subordinate to him, viz. the
Chiefs of Thiog, Koti, Ghund, Kheri, Madhan, and Ratesh; and of these
the first four are tributaries. The area of the State is 1 1 2 square miles ; its
population is 31,154, chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force
of 1 08 infantry and 2 guns.
Residence. Keonthal, Simla Hills, Punjab.
KERALA VARMA RAJA, Rdjd. See Chirakal, Valiya Rdjd of.
KERALA VARMA RAJA, Rdjd. See Kottayam, Valiya Rdjd of.
KEROWLEE, His Highness the Maharaja of. See Karauli.
KESHAB KANTA SINGH, Rdjd.
Bom November 1852. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd
February 1861, the Raja being the grandson and representative of the late
Raja Chandra Kanta Singh, the last reigning Raja of Assam. Belongs to
the historical Ahom dynasty, who were rulers in Assam for many centuries,
and are said to have been originally Shans from Burma. The first Raja of
the dynasty who adopted Hinduism is stated to have been Chuhum-Pha, who
succeeded to the gadi in 1497 A.D. From him the fourth in succession,
Raja Chutum-Hla, adopted the Hindu name of Jayadhajiya Singh and he
242 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
was reigning at the time of the Mughal invasion by Mir Jumla under the
orders of the Emperor Aurangzeb. The invasion was unsuccessful, and the
Ahom Raja extended his frontier to Goalpara. The greatest of the dynasty
was Raja Rudra Singh, who succeeded to the gadi in 1695 ; and in the next
century their power decayed. Raja Gaurinath Singh was the titular Raja
when the British first sent a force into Assam in 1792 to restore him after
his expulsion by the Koch Raja of Darrang. Then followed an invasion of
the Burmese, who ruled the country till the first Burmese war ; at the close
of which Assam was ceded by Burma to the British Power. Raja Gaurinath
Singh had been succeeded in title by his brother, Raja Chandra Kanta Singh ;
and the grandson of the latter is the present Raja. The family cognisance is
an Arowan (Royal Umbrella) and Sripus Kalki (Golden Head-dress).
Residence. Gauha~ti, Assam.
KESHAVRAO BHASKARJI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Bombay.
KESRI SINGH (of Lakhnadon), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary, the Thakur being the representative of one of the
ancient Chiefs of the Seoni district.
Residence. Lakhnadon, Seoni, Central Provinces.
KESRI SING-H, C.I.E. (of Kucha-wan), Rao Bahddur.
The title of Rao Bahadur is personal, and was conferred on i st January
1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty
as Empress of India. He has subsequently been created a Companion of
the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence. Mdrwdr, Rajputa~na.
KET, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888. It means
"Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Yaw, Burma.
KEUNJHAR, MAHARAJA DHANURJAI NARAYAN BHANJ
DEO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 27th July 1849 ; succeeded to \hzgadi as a minor 4th September
1 86 1. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from Joti
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 243
Bhanj, a brother of Adi Bhanj, the founder of the Moharbhanj State (q.v.\
thirty-four generations back. The following is the local tradition as to the
way in which the Keunjhar Rajas got the patronymic of Bhanj , in which the
State got the name of Keunjhar, and in which its borders were enlarged :
Jai Singh, a son of Man Singh, the Maharaja of Jaipur in Rajputana, came to
visit the shrine of Jagannath in Puri. He married Padmavati, the daughter of
the Gajapati King of Puri, Pratapendra Deb, and received as her dowry the
State of Hariharpur, which then comprised the two States of Moharbhanj and
Keunjhar. Two sons were born to him, the elder of whom was named Adi
Singh and the younger Joti Singh. In mauza Rarua in killa Hariharpur
there was a petty Zamindar named Mayura Dhwaja in possession of five pirs.
He was conquered by Prince Adi Singh, and deprived of his Zamindari. The
Gajapati King of Puri, hearing of the success of Prince Adi Singh, conferred
on him the title of Bhanj. Since that time the above title has been
hereditary in the Moharbhanj and Keunjhar Raj families. Adi Singh on his
accession to the gadi changed the name of Hariharpur into Moharbhanj, and
in commemoration of his conquest of the territory of Mayura Dhwaja, called
it and the villages comprised in it Adipur Pir, after his own name. Prior to
his death, Jai Singh separated from his killa a portion of land which at
present goes by the name of Nijgarh zillah, and left it in possession of his
younger son, Joti Bhanj. Thereupon the latter left Moharbhanj, and
established a garh (fort) at Jotipur, where he dwelt. Subsequently he
removed his headquarters to a place where there was a spring (jhar) in an
ebony (kendu) forest ; and since then the headquarters and the killa itself
are called Kendu-Jhar or Keunjhar. Jotipur Garh, with its adjoining villages,
was annexed to killa Keunjhar and called Jotipur Pir. The boundaries of
killa Keunjhar since its foundation by Joti Bhanj up to the reign of Govind
Bhanj are laid down in the topographical maps which were prepared by
Government between 1850 and 1862. Govind Bhanj being offended for
some reason or other with his father, Trilochan Bhanj, retired to Puri and
lived there. He was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the army of the
Gajapati King of Puri, and gained a victory for him in the battle of Kanchi-
Cavery in the Madras Presidency. Soon after, being informed of his father's
death, he got the permission of the Puri Raja to return home. Before his
departure he obtained as a reward from the Raja the Zamindari of Athgarh,
which adjoined the eastern border of the Keunjhar State, and on his return
from Puri he was installed on the Keunjhar gadi. Since that date the zillah
of Athgarh has remained annexed to killa Keunjhar. It is commonly
known as Anandpur. In 1794 A.D. Janardan Bhanj married Krishnapriya,
the daughter 01 Manipal and grand-daughter of Arnapurna, the Rani of Pal
Lahera, and received as dowry the Zamindari of Pal Lahera. On the death
of Krishnapriya in 1825, the petty Zamindars of Pal Lahera combined with
the ryots of that State and opposed Janardan Bhanj 's possession of Pal
Lahera. From 1794 to 1825 the Raja of Keunjhar had full authority over
Pal Lahera ; and though the latter was subsequently made independent, it
still pays its tribute through the former. The title of Raja is hereditary in
this family, and dates from the period of the Mahratta dominion in Orissa ;
it was formally conferred by the British Government in 1874. The title of
Maharaja was conferred on the present Chief as a personal distinction,
ist January 1877, on tne occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. The cognisance of the family is a
244 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
peacock with the tail spread. The area of the State, which is one of the
Orissa Tributary Mahals, is 3096 square miles; its population is 215,612,
chiefly Hindus, but including nearly 20,000 belonging to various aboriginal
tribes. The Maharaja maintains a military force of 2949 infantry and 32
guns.
Residence. Keunjhar, Orissa, Bengal.
KHADIJA BEGAM SAHIBA, Princess.
The title is personal, and was conferred on nth March 1866.
Residence. Madras.
KHAIR-UN-NISA BBGAM, Her Highness the Nawdb.
The title is personal ; it was originally conferred by the Nawab of the
Carnatic, and recognised on i6th December 1890. Her Highness is the Shadi
widow of His Highness the late Nawab Ghulam Muhammad Ghaus Khan,
last titular Nawab of the Carnatic.
Residence. M adras.
KHAIRAGARH, KAMAL NARAYAN SINGH, Zaminddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1879; succeeded to the gadi on the death of Lai Umrao Singh,
1 9th February 1891. Belongs to a Raj Gond (aboriginal) family, claiming
descent from the ancient royal family of Garha Mandla. The area of
the State is 940 square miles; its population is 166,138, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Khairagarh, Raipur, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 245
KHAIRPUR, HIS HIGHNESS MIR SIR ALI MURAD KHAN,
G.C.I.R, Mir of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 28th June 1815; succeeded to the gadi 2oth December 1842.
Is the representative of the historical Baluch family called Talpur, that con-
quered Sind in 1783 A.D. In that year Mir Fateh AH Khan Talpur
established himself as Rais of Sind; and subsequently his nephew, Mir
Sohrab Khan Talpur, with his two sons, named respectively Mir Rustam and
Ali Murad the last-named being the present Mir of Khairpur founded the
Khairpur branch of the Talpur rulers of Sind. Mir Sohrab Khan gradually
extended his dominions until they extended from the Jaisalmer Desert on the
east to Kachh Gandava in Baluchistan on the west. In 1 8 1 3 he ceased to pay
tribute to Afghanistan; and in 1832 Khairpur was recognised as a separate
State from the rest of Sind, in a treaty with the British Power. During the
first Afghan war, when most of the Sind Mirs were believed to be hostile, the
Mir Ali Murad Khan cordially supported the British policy. Consequently,
when, after the close of that war, the victory of Miani (Meeanee) effected
the conquest of Sind, and the rest of Sind was annexed and incorporated
in the British territory, the State of Khairpur retained its political existence
as a feudatory of the Empire. In 1866 a sanad was granted to His High-
ness, guaranteeing the succession according to Muhammadan law ; and he
has recently been created a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Eminent
Order of the Indian Empire. His Highness's sons are Mir Faiz Muhammad
Khan, Mir Jan Muhammad Khan, and Mir Ghulam Haidar. The area
of the State is 6109 square miles; its population is 129,153, chiefly
Muhammadans, but including more than 26,000 Hindus. His Highness
maintains a military force of 700 cavalry, 774 infantry, and 32 guns; and is
entitled to a salute of 19 guns (including 4 guns personal).
Residence. Khairpur, Sind, Bombay.
246 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KHAJURIA, MIAN KARIM BAKSH, Mian of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859; succeeded to \htgadi 24th December 1863. Belongs to a
Pindari (Muhammadan) family. The population of the State is 467, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Khajuria, Bhopal, Central India.
KHALTHAUN, THAKUR HARGAYAN SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bom 1864; succeeded to the gadi in 1883. Belongs to a Kshatriya
Yadav (Hindu) family. The area of the State is 5 square miles ; its popula-
tion is about 8000, chiefly Hindus. The Thakur maintains a military force
of 15 cavalry and 50 infantry.
Residence. Khalthaun, Gwalior, Central India.
KHAN BABA KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
KHAN MUHAMMAD walad WALI MUHAMMAD KHAN,
Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
KHANDBRAO APPAJI, GUPTE, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal.
Residence. Thdnd, Bombay.
KHANDBRAO SIDRAMAPA DESAI NADGAODA (of Kurbet),
Shrimdn Maha Naik Nadgauda Nagnuriebirada Himori.
The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by the Chief of
Anigundi on an ancestor, for having cleared the jungles of Gokak of the
bandits who frequented them and having been recognised by the British
Government. Belongs to a Mahratta (Hindu) family claiming descent from
Jogi Nikumbi Naik, through a long series of generations. Khanderao Baba
Saheb succeeded his father Sidramapa Balapa Desai.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 247
KHANDBRAO VISHWANATH EASTS, Rao Bahddur.
Born 1845. The title of Rao Bahadur is personal, and was conferred
on ist January 1877, at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi, on the occasion
of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India when he also
received a Medal of Honour. Is also a First Class Sardar of the Deccan ;
and claims the hereditary rank of Sardar. Belongs to a Konkanasth
Brahman family, resident from early times in Velneshwar, in the district of
Ratnagiri ; originally the family name was " Gokhle," changed at a later date
for " Raste." The founder of the family was named Ballah. His descend-
ant, Shamji Naik, had three sons, who entered the service of the Shahu
Raja of Satara, in which they acquired important positions. The second of
these, named Bhikaji, had a daughter married to the Peshwa Narayan Rao ;
the eldest, named Haribaji Naik, was the ancestor of this family. His great-
grandson, Khanderao Nilkant Raste, was appointed to a military command
by the celebrated Nana Farnavis under the Peshwa Mahadeo Rao Narayan ;
he served with great success in many campaigns, and rose to high honours,
with considerable grants of land. His son, Vishwasrao Khanderao, was a
Sardar of the Deccan of the second class ; he was granted a pension by the
Government in 1819, and was succeeded by his son, the present title-holder.
The Rao Bahadur was educated at the Poona College ; was a Member of the
Bombay Legislative Council, 1884-86; is a Magistrate for Poona, and also
for Kolaba, and a Justice of the Peace for the town and island of Bombay.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
KHANDPARA, RAJA NATOBAR SINGH MARDRAJ
BHRAMARBAR RAI, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1837 ; succeeded to the gadi 28th February 1867. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from a younger son of the Nayagarh
family, seventy-one generations ago. The Raja Raghunath Singh of
Nayagarh had two sons. The elder son, Harihar Singh, became Raja of
Nayagarh, and the younger, Jadunath Singh Mangraj, retained possession of
four Garhs, or forts, as his share, viz. Kadua, Ghuntsahi, Sardhapur, and Khed-
pada, all in Nayagarh. There was at that time a Chief ruling over a tract from
Ogalpur to Harichandanpur in Khandpara. Him the said Mangraj defeated,
and took possession of his territory. Gradually in course of time and by
dint of arms, his son Pitabas Singh, his grandson Narayan Singh, and
his great-grandson Balunkeswar Singh extended their dominions, and
strengthened the State of Khandpara. The petty chiefs who ruled within
the jurisdiction of this State during these times, and their subjects, were
savage aborigines. The Rajas of Khandpara defeated these petty Chiefs,
gave education to the savages, cleared the jungles, formed villages, and
civilised the country. Up to the reign of Raja Narayan Singh Mangraj,
Khandpara extended on the east up to Banki, on the west to Balaramprasad
in Daspalla, on the north to Kantilo, and on the south up to Jogiapali in
Nayagarh. During the reign of Banamali Singh Mardraj Bhramarbar Rai,
son of Raja Balunkeswar Singh Mangraj, the Raja of Bod did not give the
State to his adopted son Makund Deb Bhanj, whom he had brought from
Moharbhanj, but gave it to another person whom he subsequently adopted as
24 8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
his son. This gave offence to Makund Deb Bhanj, and he consequently
sought help from the Raja of Khandpara, Banamali Singh Mardraj Bhramarbar
Rai. This Banamali was a brave and powerful Raja, and expert in war.
He engaged the Raja of Bod, and after defeating him made the said Makund
Deb Bhanj Raja over a part of Bod territory, and gave the new State the
name of Daspalla. Raja Jadunath Singh Mangraj, the founder of the
Khandpara State, got the title of Mangraj from the Maharaja of Orissa, and
it was enjoyed from his time down to Balunkeswar Singh. Banamali Singh,
the son of Balunkeswar Singh, was a very powerful Chief, and defended the
Maharaja of Orissa from the attacks of his enemies. The latter gave him as
a reward the title of Bhai Mardraj Bhramarbar Rai, which has been enjoyed
by successive Chiefs to the present day. During the reign of Raja Niladri
Singh Mardraj Bhramarbar Rai, Raghuji Bhonsle, the Maharaja of Nagpur,
gave the Raja a flag, which is still used. When Orissa was first conquered
by the British Government, Raja Narsingha Singh Mardraj Bhramarbar Rai
gave assistance to the chief military officers of the British Government, and
received an elephant and a cannon in recognition thereof. The present Raja
is a son of the late Raja Krishna Chandra Singh Mardraj Bhramarbar Rai ;
and succeeded his brother, the late Kunja Vihari Singh Mardraj Bhramarbar
Rai, who died without issue in 1867. The title of Raja is hereditary in the
family, and dates from the period of the Mahratta dominion in Orissa ; it was
formally recognised by the British Government in 1874. The cognisance
of the family is a tiger's head. The State, which is one of the Orissa Tributary
Mahals, has an area of 244 square miles, and a population of 66,296, chiefly
Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force of 1085 infantry and 12 guns.
Residence. Khandpdrd, Orissa, Bengal.
KHANIADHANA, RAJA CHHATAR SINGH, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1863; succeeded to the gadi 1 3th December 1869. Belongs to
the great Bundela (Rajput) family of Orchha, that has given ruling
families to Panna, Datia, Ajaigarh, and most of the States of Bundelkhand.
Amresh was a younger son of the Maharaja Udit Singh of Orchha, and
received the territory of Khaniadhana as his portion. Much of this territory
was taken away by the Mahrattas. Fourth in descent from Amresh was the
Rajd Guman Singh, who received a sanad from the British Government in
1863. Guman Singh died in 1869, and was succeeded by the present
Jagirddr; who on ist January 1877, at the Imperial Assemblage at Delhi,
on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India,
received the title of Rajd as a personal distinction. The area of the State is
84 square miles; its population is 13,494, chiefly Hindus. The Raja
maintains a military force of 5 cavalry, 65 infantry, and 2 guns.
Residence. Khaniddhdna, Bundelkhand, Central India.
KHARAL, MIAN SURSINGHJI SARDARSINGHJI, Mian of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to the gadi 2oth April 1884. Belongs to a
Koli (Muhammadan) family. The area of the State is 1 6 square miles ; its
population 3189, chiefly Hindus.
JRest<tence.Kharl, Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 249
KHARSEDJI BUSTAMJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Baroda.
KHARSIA, THAKUR BALWANT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1855 ; succeeded to the^W/ 26th September 1876. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family.
Residence. Kharsia, Bhopa"!, Central India.
KHARSOWAN, THAKUR MAHBNDRA NARAYAN SINGH
DEO, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1869; succeeded his father, Thakur Raghunath Singh Deo, 2nd
March 1884, as a minor. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family, descended
from a younger son of the ancient Porahat family, that came into Orissa in
very early times from Jodhpur in Rajputana. The title of Thakur was
originally bestowed by the Raja of Porahat, and has been conferred on the
Chief as a personal distinction. The State (which is one of the Chota
Nagpur Tributary Mahals) has an area of 149 square miles, and a population
of 31,051, chiefly Hindus. The Thakur has a military force of 3 guns.
Residence. Kharsowan, Singhbhum, Chota Nagpur, Bengal.
KHERAWARA, THAKUR VAJESINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1847. Belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The area of his
State is 27 square miles; its population is over 1300, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Kherawara, Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
KHERI, Chief of.
Is a feudatory of the Raja of Keonthal (q.v.\ and rules over one of the
Simla Hill States.
Residence. Kheri, Simla Hills, Punjab.
KHERWASA, THAKUR PARTAB SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1880 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1887. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of the State is about 500, Hindus
and Muhammadans.
Residence. Kherwasa, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
250 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KHBT SINGH (of Gobra), Rdjd.
Born 4th February 1842. The title is hereditary, having been originally
conferred by one of the old Gond Rajas of Garha-Mandla, and confirmed by
Government. Is a descendant of Raja Karan ; and rendered good service in
the campaigns that followed the Mutiny of 1857.
Residence. Gobra, Damoh, Central Provinces.
KHETTAR (KSHBTTBA) CHANDAR BANARJI, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th December 1884, for
services rendered in the Public Works Department.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
KHIANDA, MADAN SINGH, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1880; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 2yth December 1889.
The population of the State is about noo, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Khianda, Guna, Central India.
KHILAWAN SINGH (of Bilehra), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
KHILCHIPUR, RAO BAHADUR AMAR SINGHJI,
Rao Bahddur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1834 ; succeeded to the gadi 2yth November 1868. Belongs to a
Khichi Rajput (Hindu) family, descended from Durjan Sal, a Khichi Chief.
The area of his State is about 272 square miles; its population 36,125,
chiefly Hindus. The Rao Bahadur maintains a military force of 45 cavalry,
202 infantry, and 2 guns;- and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns. The
family has a white banner (with black silk tassel), bearing the effigy of
Hanuman, the monkey-god. The Rao Bahadur's eldest son is named Lalji
Bhawani Singh.
Residence. Khilchipur, Bhopdl, Central India.
KHIRASRA, JAREJA RAISINGHJI JIJIBHAI, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850; succeeded to the gadi ist January 1872. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family. The area of his State is 13 square miles ; its popu-
lation is 4377, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Khirasra, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
KHITABAT KHAN. See Muhammad Ghaus, Shaikh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 251
KHITISH (KSHITISH) CHANDAR RAI (of Nadiya),
Maharaja Bahadur.
Born i6th April 1868. The title was conferred on ist January 1890, as
a personal distinction, when the Maharaja Bahadur came of age after a long
minority ; and it has been enjoyed by the Rajas of Nadiya (or Nuddea) for
many generations, having been first conferred by the Emperor of Delhi on
the Maharaja Rudra ten generations ago. Belongs to a Kulin Brahman
family of the highest caste, claiming descent from the famous Bhatta
Narayan, one of the five Brahman apostles whom King Adisur brought to
Bengal from Kanauj. A farmdn bearing the seal and signature of the
Emperor Alamgir is extant, in which the Raja Rudra is addressed as Raja.
His great-grandson, the Maharaja Krishna Chandra Rai, received twofarmdns
from the Emperor Shah Alam, conferring on him the title of Maharaja.
Since the establishment of British rule in Bengal each Raja of Nadiya in
succession has been created a Maharaja Bahadur. The late Maharaja Satis
Chandra Rai Bahadur, Raja of Nadiya, was eminently loyal to the Govern-
ment, and exceedingly liberal, especially to his tenants and to educational
institutions. He presented a beautiful park as the site for the Krishnagar
State College of the Calcutta University, at the town of Krishnagar, which is
the capital of Nadiya ; and he subscribed largely to the funds, both for the
building and for the endowment of that important institution. The present
Maharaja Bahadur was his son by adoption, and has only recently (1890)
attained his majority.
Residence. Krishnagar, Nadiya", Bengal.
KHOJANKHERA, THAKUR BAKHTAWAR SINGH,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to the gadi in 1878. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family. The population of the State is about 500.
Residence. Khojankhera, Western Malwa", Central India.
KHORY, A. M., Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Mhow, Central India.
KHUDA BAKHSH, MAULAVI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1883, as a
reward for highly meritorious service as Government Pleader.
Residence. Patna, Bengal.
KHUDA BAKHSH KHAN walad JAM NINDO, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation. He is the only son of the
Jam Nindo Khan, a member of the Sohrabani branch of the Talpur family.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
252
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KHUDA BAKHSH KHAN, USHTARANA, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Punjab.
KHUDADAD KHAN walad KHAN MUHAMMAD
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
KHUDADAD KHAN, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Sukkurri, Sind.
KHUMAN SINGH (of Ghatakheri), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Nima"r, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 253
KHURSHID JAH, BAHADUR, K.C.I.B., SIR,
Nawdb) Shams-ul-Umara) Amir-i-Kabir.
One of the Premier Nobles of the Hyderabad State.
The Nawab Bahadur, who was born about the year 1838, is the present
representative (with his brother, the Vikar-ul-Umara, q.v., and his cousin, Sir
Asman Jah, q.v.) of the great and powerful Shamsiya family, the first among
the noble families of Hyderabad, which has been frequently connected
by marriage with the Ruling House, and entrusted with the hereditary
command of the Paigah or Household Troops of the Nizam. Descended
from the famous captain, Shaikh Abul Khair Khan, Ima"m Jang, Shamsher
Bahadur, who was a Mansabddr in Malwa under the Emperor Aurangzeb.
He attached himself to the fortunes of the great Asaf Jah, the founder of the
Hyderabad dynasty, under whose banner he rose to the highest commands.
In 1745 he defeated a Mahratta force, and under the successors of Asaf
Jah, the Nizams Nasir Jang and Salabat Jang, he continued his successful
career. In 1752 he died at Burhanpur; and was succeeded by his son,
Abul Fateh Khan Teg Jang, who became the first Noble of the Nizam Ali,
obtaining the command of the Paigah or Household Troops, immense
territorial possessions, and the titles of Shams-ud-daula, Shams-ul-Mulk, and
Shams-ul-Umara. He died in 1786, when campaigning in Panghul ; and
was succeeded by his son, who at the early age of four had received from
the Nizam the titles of Ba-ud-din Khan, Imam Jang, Khurshid-ud-daula, and
Khurshid-ul-Mulk. He succeeded to all the honours of his father, and
became a famous scholar and savant, receiving at various times the titles of
Teg Jang, Shams-ud-daula, Shams-ul-Mulk, Shams-ul-Umara Bahadur, and in
1827 the title of Amir-i-Kabir. In 1849 ne became for a short time Prime
Minister of Hyderabad. He died in 1862, leaving two sons, Umdat-ul-Mulk
(who became Amir-i-Kabir) and Ikhtidar-ul-Mulk (who became Vikar-ul-
Umara). The former died in 1877, when the latter succeeded him in the
family honours, and as Co-Regent of the State, adding the title of Amir-i-
Kabir to that of Vikar-ul-Umara. He died in 1881, leaving two sons, the
Nawab Sir Khurshid Jah Bahadur and the Nawab Vikar-ul-Umara (Ikbal-ud-
daula, Bahadur). Sir Khurshid was created a Knight Commander of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on i6th February 1877, on the occasion
of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty ; and he has held
the offices of Member of the Council of Regency, and Member of the
Council of State. The Nawab is a fine Persian and Urdu scholar, and has
travelled in many parts of India. Like their noble kinsman Sir Asman Jah,
both Sir Khurshid Jah and his brother the Vikar-ul-Umara have shared the
fortune of their ancestor, in allying themselves in marriage with Princesses of
the Royal House of Hyderabad. In his palace at Hyderabad are to be
seen the sword and armour of his ancestor, Abul Fateh Khan Teg Jang, a
warrior of great size and height.
Residences. Hyderabad ; Shams-ul-Umara"'s Baradari, Hyderabad.
2 54
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
(A circle with four Trisuias or
dS e p S ims.) radi ecar "
KHUSHAL SINGH (of Rajaur), Rdjd.
Born 1846. The title is hereditary; the Raja being one of the Chiefs
of the Chauhan Rajputs, and boasting a direct descent from Prithiraj, the
last Chauhan Rajput Emperor of Delhi, whose
romantic history is sung by every Hindu bard, and
whose fall virtually transferred the sovereignty of
India from the Hindus to the Muhammadans.
Prithiraj perished in battle with Shahab-ud-din
Ghori in 1193 A.D. Eighth in descent from him
was the famous Bhoj Raj of Hansi, who re-
conquered Ajmir, the old home of the Chauhan
Rajputs Prithiraj having been the son of a
Chauhan Raja of Ajmir by a daughter of the
The Santak of the Chauhan Tomara Rajput Raja of Delhi, Anang Pal, and
having been adopted by his maternal grandfather at
Delhi. Fifth in descent from Bhoj Raj was Dhira
Raj, who migrated from Hansi to Bilram; and
fourth in descent from him was Sakit Deo, who
founded Sakit, and whose descendants were the Chauhan Rajas of
Sakit and Rajaur. His grandson, Bhupal Deo, had two sons, Yahani
Sahai and Udaicharan ; the latter founded the family of the Chauhan
Rajas of Mainpuri, the former remained as Raja of Sakit and Rajaur.
Seven generations later Raja Sawant Sen was driven out of these
ancestral possessions by the army of Ibrahim Shah Lodi, Sultan ot
Delhi; but after the subversion of the Lodi dynasty by the invasion of
Babar and his Mughals, Sawant Sen's grandson, named Chakra Sen, was
enabled to return to Sakit and Rajaur as a feudatory of the Mughal Emperor.
Eight generations followed each other in peaceful possession of the Raj
under the strong arm of the Mughals ; and Raja Hari Singh in the time of
Aurangzeb was famous for his prowess, won many battles, and was high in
the favour both of that Emperor and of his successors, the Emperors Farukh-
siyar and Muhammad Shah. But in the time of Hari Singh's son, Raj
Singh, the country was given up to anarchy ; and during this disturbed period
Sakit was seized by the Nawab of Farukhabad, and was lost for ever, to the
Chauhan Rajas of Rajaur. Raj Singh's grandson was Raja Datta Singh ; and
the grandson of the latter was the late Raja Drigpal Singh, father of the
present Raja. Raja Khushal Singh has two sons, Kunwar Lai Jagmohan
Singh, born 1873 ; and Kunwar Lai Dharm Singh, born 1883.
Residence. Rajaur, Etah, North- Western Provinces.
KHUSHALRAI SARABHAI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 255
KHYRIM, A. KHUR SINGH, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1843; succeeded to the gadi 4th December 1871. The Seim is
Chief of one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, the population of which
is about 24,000, and consists of Khasis and Christian converts.
Residence. Khyrim, Khasi Hills, Assam.
KINNU RAI, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1829. The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th June 1885,
in recognition of his loyal services during the time of the Mutiny in 1857,
when he protected the Stud property of the Government at the risk of his
own life.
Residence. Ghdzipur, North- Western Provinces.
KIRALI, CHOLU walad APSINGH NAIK, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bom 1 86 1 ; succeeded to the gadi ist November 1886. Belongs to a
Bhil (aboriginal) family. The State (which is one of the Dang States of
Khandesh) has an area of 12 square miles; and a population of 1671, chiefly
Bhils.
Residence. Kirali, Khandesh, Bombay.
KIRAT CHAND (of Lambagraon), Mian.
The title is hereditary, the Mian being the brother of the late Raja
Partab Chand of Lambagraon, and the uncle of the present Raja, Jai Chand
(q.v.) of Lambagraon, who is the head of the great Katoch Rajput family of
Kangra. The Mian is the younger son of Mian Rudra Chand of Lamba-
graon, who was the grandson of the Raja Tegh Chand of Kangra, and who
became the head of the Kangra family on the failure of the elder branch.
Residence. Lambagraon, Kdngra, Punjab.
KIRPAL SINGH (of Dhin), Sarddr.
Born 1836. The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the head of a Jat
family of Sikhs, descended from Sardar Parsa Singh. The latter was the
nephew and heir of Sardar Sham Singh, who at the time of the decline of
the Mughal Empire came from the district of Amritsar, conquered the terri-
tory of Dhin in the Ambala district of the Punjab, and settled there. Parsa
Singh's grandson was the Sardar Ranjit Singh, who was slain by Kanh Singh,
and who was succeeded by his son, the present Sardar.
Residence. Ambala, Punjab.
256 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KIRPAL SINGH, KUNJAHIA (of Botala), Sarddr.
Born 1832. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Kshatriya family of
Sikhs, descended from Sardar Dhanna Singh. The latter was an associate of
Sardar Nodh Singh, the great-grandfather of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh, and
he and his descendants followed the fortunes of the ancestors of Ranjit
Singh. Sardar Kirpal Singh's father, Sardar Ganda Singh, was in attendance
on the Maharaja Sher Singh when that prince was assassinated, and was
severely wounded in the endeavour to defend him, and was subsequently
killed at the battle of Firuzshahr, where Sardar Kirpal Singh was also
wounded. But at the time of the outbreak at Multan, Sardar Kirpal Singh
was at Hazara, and remained faithful to the British Government, and was
subsequently confirmed in hisjdgirs. His brother, Sardar Partab Singh (q.v.)
of Botala, is an Extra Assistant Commissioner of the Punjab.
Residence. Guj rdn wa" la, P unj ab.
KIRPAL SINGH, Sarddr, Rai Bahadur.
These titles are personal. The first (Sardar) was conferred on 2nd
January 1888, and the second (Rai Bahadur) on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Rawalpindi, Punjab.
KISHAN. See Krishan and Krishna.
KISHAN DATT SINGH (of Oel), Rdjd.
Born 1 86 1 ; succeeded his father, the late Raja of Oel, on the i8th of
October 1879. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by
the late King of Oudh in 1849, an d recognised by the British Government
ji December 1877. Belongs to the Jan war family of Kheri, Oudh, of
which the elder branch is represented by the Raja Achal Singh (q.v.) of
Kaimahra. But the late Raja of Oel, Raja Anrudh Singh, was recognised as
the head of the Kheri Janwars on account of his great wealth and ability.
The family were originally Chauhan Rajputs in the service of the Sayyids of
Pihani, having migrated from Rajputana in the i6th century. In the time
of Sayyid Khurd, Jamni Khan Janwar became Chaudhri of Kheri in
1553 A.D., with the right to levy a cess on all the lands in that Pargana. His
descendants gradually increased their possessions, the Chaudhri Parbal Singh
Janwar owning Oel, Kaimahra, and Khogi ; and his descendant, the Rai
Than Singh, of Oel, owning many more villages. In 1838 Rai Umrao
Singh was the head of the family. The Rai Bakht Singh, grandfather of the
late Raja Anrudh Singh, built a large and handsome temple at Oel. The
Raja has a son and heir, named Kunwar Baldeo Singh.
Residence. Oel, Kheri, Oudh.
KISHAN KUMAR, RAI (of Sahaspur), Rdjd.
Born 25th December 1848. The title of Raja is personal, and was con-
ferred on 24th May 1882, the family title being Rai. Belongs to a Kshatriya
(Rajput) family, said to have come from the Punjab, and settled in the district
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 257
of Moradabad, in the reign of the Emperor Muhammad Shah, by whom the
title of Rai was conferred on its then head. On the cession of Rohilkhand,
Rai Atma Ram, great-grandfather of the present Raja, was chakladdr of
Bijnor, and subsequently he entered the service of the British Government.
His grandson, the late Rai Pardaman Kishan, rendered good services during
the Mutiny of 1857-58, assisting the British officers who had taken refuge at
Naini Tal by sending them money and information. For these services he
was rewarded with a grant of estates. The present Raja received a Medal of
Honour at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India; and a khilat at the Agra Darbar of loth February 1879. He is an
Honorary Magistrate. He has a son and heir, Kunwar Raj Kumar.
Residence. Sahaspur, Moradabad, North- Western Provinces.
KISHAN KUNWAR (of Rdmpur), Rdni.
Born September 1857. The title is hereditary, the Raja of Rampur
being the acknowledged head of the Rahtor Rajputs in Northern India, and
boasting direct descent from the famous Jaichandra, the last Rahtor Raja of
Kanauj, who was slain in 1191 A.D., when the Empire of Kanauj was sub-
verted by Shahab-ud-din Ghori. Their Highnesses the Maharajas of Jodh-
pur and Bikanir (q*v.) are descended from the eldest son of Jaichandra, the
former being the head of the whole Rahtor clan ; and the Raja of Rampur is
descended from his second son, who was named Jaipal. Prajanpal, the fifth
in descent from Jaipal, left Kanauj, and established himself at Khor, where
the family remained for many generations. There Jaideo, fourteenth in
descent from Jaipal, was attacked by Altamsh, and driven out after a siege of
twelve years. Eight generations later Karan Singh settled in the district of
Budaun. His great-grandson, Raja Pratap Rudra, received a grant of terri-
tory from the Nawab of Farukhabad for assisting him against the Rohillas ;
and subsequently the Raja Ramsahai, twenty-eighth in descent from Jaipal,
established the family residence at Rampur in Etah, where it still remains.
At the time of the cession of the territories of the Nawab to the British,
Nawal Singh was the Raja of Rampur, and his grandson, the late Raja Ram
Chandra Singh, was the husband of the present Rani. He died on 2oth
May 1883, and was succeeded by his widow. The Rani has a grandson and
heir, named Lai Jagmohan Singh, born in 1877.
Residence. Azamnagar, Etah, North-Western Provinces.
KISHAN PARTAB BAHADUR SAHAI (of Tamkuhi), Rdjd.
Born 1848. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Bhuinhar Rajput
family, claiming descent from Mayur Bhat, more than a hundred generations
back. A descendant, named Raja Fateh Sahai, Bhuinhar Raja of Hoshidr-
pur in Saran, after the battle of Baksar in 1764, was driven from his Raj by
the troops of the East India Company, and settled on the Tamkuhi estates,
previously purchased by him, in Gorakhpur. Raja Fateh Sahai's grandson
was the father of the present Raja, and obtained from the British Govern-
ment the recognition of his title as hereditary. The Raja has a son and
heir, named Kunwar Satrajit Partab Bahadur Sahai, born 27th July 1864.
Residence. Tamkuhi, Gorakhpur, North- Western Provinces.
s
258 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KISHAN SINGH (of Bad), Mian.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Rajput family, descended from
Raja Indar Singh, who ruled in Shahpur in the Kangra district. He married
a daughter of the Katoch Raja of Kangra (see Jai Chand, Raja of Lamba-
graon, Kangra), whither he fled when driven out of his own territory by Raja
Pirthi Singh; and his grandson, Mian Ishri Singh, father of the present
Mian, obtained a considerable jdgir from the Raja Sansar Chand of Kangra,
son of Raja Tegh Chand. Ishri Singh's sister was married to the Jammu
Raja, Dhian Singh.
Residence. Rai, Kdngra, Punjab.
KISHAN SINGH, Sarddr.
Born 1847. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Jat (Sikh) family,
descended from the Sardar Gurbakhsh Singh, who acquired some territory in
the Ambala district by conquest in 1759 A. D. The representatives of the
family rendered good service during the first Sikh war of 1845-46, and also
at the time of the Mutiny in 1857.
Residence. Arabia, Punjab.
KISHAN SINGH, MILMYAL, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1 3th August 1850. The title was conferred on i2th December
1884, in recognition of his remarkable services to the State, and to science,
as an explorer in Nepal, Great Tibet, Mongolia, and elsewhere. Belongs to
a Rajburah family of Rajputs long settled in Kumaun, who, during the rule
of the Chands and Gurkhas there, held lease of the Parganas of Johar and
Dhanpur. In 1812 his father, Deo Singh, procured the release of two
British subjects from Tibet. The Rai Bahadur has been deputed on explora-
tion duty four times ; and has received honours from the Royal Geographical
Society, and the Geographical Society of France, as well as substantial
rewards from the Government.
Residence. Kumdun, North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 259
KISHANGARH, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJ-ADHIRAJ
SARDUL SINGH BAHADUR, G.C.I.E., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born loth December 1857; succeeded to the gadi 25th December 1879.
Is one of the Chiefs of the great Rahtor clan of Rajputs (see Jodhpur), and
belongs to the Kishansinghot sept or
sub-clan, so-called from Kishan Singh,
who was the founder of this State and
city, and was the second of the twelve
sons of Raja Udai Singh of Jodhpur,
nicknamed Mota Rdjd (the Fat Raja)
by the Emperor Akbar. His Highness
is a Hindu of the Ballabhkul Vaish-
nava sect, and was the son and successor
of the late Maharaja Pirthi Singh.
He was married in 1870 A.D. to the
eldest daughter of the Maharao Umed
Singhji of Sirohi, and on ist January
1892 was created a Knight Grand
Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire. His High-
ness has only one son, the Maharaj-Kunwar Madan Singh, born 2nd
November 1884, who is now the heir-apparent, as in March 1880 the Maha-
raja had the sorrow of losing an elder son when only five years old. The
Maharaja has two younger brothers Maharaj Jawan Singhji, and Maharaj
Raghunath Singhji. The families most nearly related to His Highness are the
Rdjwin (or royal) family groups of Fatehgarh and Ralaota, which are, how-
ever, connected with him only in the seventh and eighth degree of relation-
ship respectively. As descendant of the Mota Raja, Udai Singh of Jodhpur,
the Maharaja has sub-clan relationship with the Chiefs of Jodhpur and
Bikaner in Rajputana ; Ratlam, Jhabua, Sailana, Sitamau, and other Rdhtor
chiefs in Central India ; and Idar in Gujarat. By marriage His Highness is
related to all the other great Rajput Houses, being himself the head of one of
the greatest and most illustrious ; viz., with the Sesodias of Udaipur and
Partabgarh, with the Kachhwahas of Jaipur and Alwar, the Kara houses of
Bundi and Kotah, the Bhatis of Jaisalmir, and the Jhalas and Shekhawats.
Among the more important of these matrimonial connections, which are
interesting as illustrating the inter-marriages of the most illustrious Rajput
Houses, may be mentioned the following :
With the Sesodias of Udaipur (the family of" The Sun of the Hindus").
1. His Highness's grandmother (widow of the Maha'raja" Mokham
Singh of Kishangarh) is a daughter of the Maha'ra'na" Amar Singhji of
Udaipur.
2. His Highness's eldest sister is Dowager Maha'ra'ni of Udaipur, being
a widow of the late Maha"ra"na" Sajan Singhji.
3. His Highness's son and heir-apparent, the Maha'raj-Kunwa'r Madan
Singh, has been recently betrothed to the fourth daughter of His High-
ness the present Maha'ra'na" Fateh Singhji.
The Kachhwahas of Jaipur.
His Highness's third sister is married to the present Maha'raja" Sawai
Madho Singhji, Chief of Jaipur, and is the Maha'ra'ni of Jaipur.
260 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
The Kachhwdhas of Alwar.
His Highness's second sister was married to the late lamented Maha"-
ra"j Mangal Singhji, late Chief of Alwar, and was the (Pt) head Maha"-
rdni of Alwar.
The Haras of Bundi .
1. The late Maha"ra"ja" Ramsingh of Bundi's mother was a Kishangarh
Princess.
2. His Highness's niece, a daughter of Maha'ra'j Jawan Singhji, has
been recently betrothed to the younger brother of the present Mahdraja"
of Bundi.
Thejhdlds ofjhdldwdr.
His Highness's fourth and youngest sister is married to the Mahdraj
Rdna Zalim Singhji, present Chief of Jha"la"wa~r, and is the (Pt) head
Maha'ra'ni of Jhalawdr.
To the above may be added that His Highness's mother was a Princess
of the " Ranawat " (Sesodia) clan, being a daughter of the late Raja Dhiraj
Madho Singhji of Shahpura. In addition to the titles given above, formally
recognised by the Government as belonging to the Maharaja of Kishangarh,
His Highness also bears those of Umdai Rajhai and Buland Makan. The
area of the State is 724 square miles; its population is 112,633, chiefly
Hindus, but including 8492 Muhammadans and 6295 Jains. The Maha-
raja maintains a military force of 499 cavalry, 2000 infantry, and 51 guns;
and is entitled to a salute of 15 guns.
Arms. Argent, three towers proper, two and one ; in chief a Barry of
5 gules, vert, argent, aztire, or. [This is the Rajput Pancharanga, see Jaipur.]
Supporters. Two horses. Crest. A falcon rising, proper. [This is the
sacred Garur, the cognisance of the Rahtor Rajputs, see Jodhpur.] Motto.
The Hindi words Niti Riti, meaning " Law and Usage."
Residence. Kishangarh, Rajputdna.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 261
KISHOR SINGH (of Fatehpur), Rdjd.
Born i st August 1834; succeeded his father i6th March 1861. The
title is hereditary, having been originally granted by the Raja Kamal Nain,
Raj Gond Raja of Mandla. Belongs to an ancient Raj Gond family, that
claims an antiquity of more than 900 years in their present jdgir of Fateh-
pur. The tradition in the family is that the jdgir was granted to them in
939 A.D. An ancient sanad'm the possession of the Raja records the grant
(or possibly the confirmation) of the jdgir to the family by the Raj Gond
Raja of Mandla in 1500 A.D. The Raja is an Honorary Magistrate, and has
two sons Lai Thakur Singh and Lai Mahip Singh.
Residence. Fatehpur, Hoshangabad, Central Provinces.
KISHOR SINGH (of Chamari), Rao.
Born 1840. The title is hereditary, and the Raos of Chamari formerly
held great possessions in the Sagar district. The title was originally con-
ferred by the Raja Mori Pahludh of Chanderi, andj has been recognised by
the British Government. The Rao has two sons, the elder (who has the
courtesy title of Diwan) being Diwan Parichhat Singh Jangjit, and the
younger being Jujhar Singh.
Residence. Chamdri, Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
KODB NARAYANASWAMI NAYUDU, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1846. The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February
1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious
Majesty. Entered the Government 'service in 1874; has rendered good
service both in the Central Provinces and in Madras. During the Rumpa
and Gudiem disturbances, 1879-86, served with much distinction in the
Madras Police, and again in the Golugonda Hill disturbances of 1891.
Residence. Vizianagram, Vizagapatam, Madras.
262 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KOLHAPUR, HIS HIGHNESS SHAHU CHHATRAPATI
MAHARAJ, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1875 i succeeded to the gadi as a minor on i7th March 1884. Is
a descendant of the Mahratta family of Sivaji the Great, the founder of the
Mahrafta Empire, being descended from Raja Ram, his second son, and
husband of the famous Tara Bai. Sivaji's elder son Sambhaji was taken
prisoner by the Emperor Aurangzeb, and ultimately executed ; and his son
Shahu was long detained in prison by the Mughals, but obtained his liberty
in 1707, fixed his capital at Satara, and asserted his rights as the heir of
his grandfather Sivaji. Meanwhile Raja Ram had died, and his widow, Tara
Bai, a woman of great ability and courage, assumed the administration of
Kolhapur in the name of her elder son Sivaji II., who was an idiot child of ten
years, and proclaimed him Raja of the Mahrattas. The latter died in 1712,
when his half-brother Sambhaji (son of Raja Ram by another wife) succeeded
him, and removed Tara Bai from the administration. The contending
claims of Shahu, Raja of Satara, and Sambhaji, Raja of Kolhapur, were at
length settled in 1731, when precedence was surrendered to Satara, and the
independence of Kolhapur acknowledged. In 1 8 1 1 a treaty with the British
Power was concluded, by which Kolhapur became a feudatory ; and as the
Raja remained faithful to the British cause in the war against the Peshwa in
181 7, he received some additional territory. A descendant, Sivaji III., died in
1866, and on his deathbed was allowed to adopt his sister's son, Raja Ram.
In 1870 Raja Ram visited Europe, and died at Florence on his return
journey. His adopted son was Sivaji Maharaja Chhatrapati IV., who was
made a Knight of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. He became
insane, and the Government appointed a relative, the Chief of Kagal, as
Regent. Sivaji IV. died in December 1883, and was succeeded, by adop-
tion, by His Highness the present Raja, who was the eldest son of the
Regent. The area of the State is 2816 square miles; and its population is
800,189, chiefly Hindus, but including 33,022 Muhammadans and 46,732
Jains. The Raja has eleven feudatory Chiefs subordinate to him, of whom
the most important are those of Vithdlgarh, Bdvda, Kapshi, Kagal, Ichal-
karanji Torgal, and Datva. His Highness, with his feudatories, maintains a
military force of 255 cavalry, 1902 infantry, and 67 guns; and is entitled to
a salute of 19 guns.
Residence. Kolhdpur, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 263
KONDKA, MAHANT SHAM KISHOR DAS, Mahant of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1838; succeeded to the gadi i3th December 1887. Belongs to
a Bairagi (Hindu) family of Mahants^ or Chief Priests, the regulations of his
order permitting marriage. The area of the State is 174 square miles; its
population is 32,979, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Kondka, Raipur, Central Provinces.
KOREA, RAJA PRAN SINGH DEO, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1857 ; succeeded to the gadi 4th April 1864 as a minor. Belongs
to a Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from a Chauhan Rajput Chief
named Dhawal Singh, who came to Korea from Rajputana about 600 years
ago, and conquered the country. The title of Raja is hereditary in the
family from early times, and was formally conferred by the British Govern-
ment in 1875. The area of the State (which is one of the Chota Nagpur
Tributary Mahals) is 1631 square miles; and its population is 29,846, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Korea, Mdnbhum, Chota Ndgpur, Bengal.
264 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KOTAH, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAO UMED SINGH
BAHADUR, Mahdrao of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1873; succeeded to the gadi nth June 1889. Like His High-
ness the Maharao Raja of Bundi, the Maharao is one of the chiefs of the
Hara sept of the great Chauhan clan of Rajputs Kotah forming with Bundi
the tract known for centuries as Haraoti, after the name of that sept. Is
descended from Madhu Singh, the second son of the Rao Ratan of Bundi,
who about the year 1625 A.D. was granted the feudatory Chiefship of Kotah
and its dependencies, for his services to the Emperor Jahangir against his re-
bellious son, who afterwards became the Emperor Shah Jahan. Similar services
to the latter Emperor were rendered by Madhu Singh's son and successor,
Mokand Singh ; who, with three of his brothers, fell in a battle at Ujjain
against Shah Jahan's rebellious son, who afterwards became the Emperor
Aurangzeb. Mokand Singh was succeeded by his son Jagat Singh. Early
in the present century, Kotah, greatly weakened by intestine dissensions, was
attacked by Jaipur and by the Mahrattas, to whom it became tributary. It
was only saved from ruin by the extraordinary abilities of its great Minister,
Zalim Singh, to whom the Maharao gave up the active task of ruling the
State. During a Ministry of forty-five years Zalim Singh raised the State of
Kotah to great prosperity Ultimately, in 1838, it was arranged that Zalim
Singh's descendants should receive independent charge of a part of the State,
as feudatories of the Empire ; and this part became a separate Principality,
under the name of Jhalawar (q.v.) The late Maharao, Chhatra Sal Singh,
succeeded his father in 1866; and on his death in 1889 was succeeded by
his adopted son, the present Maharao, as a minor. His Highness is at
present a student in the Mayo College, Ajmir ; he is as yet unmarried, but
is betrothed to a daughter of His Highness the Maharana of Udaipur, which
is the most illustrious marriage that can be made by a Hindu Prince. The
area of the State is 3797 square miles; its population is 517,275, chiefly
Hindus, but including 32,866 Muhammadans and 4750 Jains. His Highness
maintains a military force of 949 cavalry, 5756 infantry, and 148 guns, and is
entitled to a salute of 17 guns. The family banner is orange in colour,
displaying a figure of the Garur or sacred falcon of the Hara Rajputs.
Residence. Kotah, Rajputdna.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 265
KOTHARIA, JAREJA JBTHIJI, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1828 ; succeeded to the gadi 8th January 1857. The State, which
is tributary to the Nawab of Junagarh, has an area of 6 square miles, and
a population of 2366, chiefly Hindus. The Chief maintains a military force
of 4 cavalry and 38 infantry.
Residence. Kothdria, Kdthia"wa~r.
KOTHI, RAJA BAHADUR BHAGWAT BAHADUR SINGH,
Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1852; succeeded to the gadi 5th June 1887. Belongs to a
Baghel Rajput family (Hindu) ; his father was Raja Ran Bahadur Singh ;
and the family have been seated in Kothi for a great many years, and
were confirmed in possession by the British Government. The area of the
State is 90 square miles; its population is 18,386, chiefly Hindus. The
Raja maintains a military force of 35 cavalry, 210 infantry, and 4 guns.
Residence. Kothi, Baghelkhand, Central India.
KOTHIDB, BHUMIA MOTI SINGH, Bhumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850; succeeded to the gadi in 1860. Belongs to a Bhilala
family. The population of the State is about 500.
Residence. Kothide, Bhopdwar, Central India.
KOTI, Chief of.
Is a feudatory of the Raja of Keonthal (<?.v.), and rules over one of the
Simla Hill States.
Residence. Koti, Simla Hills,' Punjab.
KOTRA SANGANI, THAKUR MULVAJI TOGAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1873; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 23rd November 1887.
Belongs to a Jareja Rajput family. The area of his State is 74 square
miles; its population is 8642, chiefly Hindus. The Thdkur maintains a
military force of 8 cavalry, 142 infantry, and 4 guns.
Residence Kotra Sangani, Ka"thia~war.
KOTTAYAM, KERALA VARMA RAJA, Valiya Rdjd of.
Born 1842. Belongs to a family that claims to be of Kshatriya origin,
and to have come from the east and acquired sovereignty in Wainad.
Subsequently they appear to have acquired some territory from the Raja t)f
266 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Chitrakal in Malabar, either by a gift or in war. On Haidar's invasion of
Malabar the Raja and all his family fled to Travancore ; returned in 1782,
but fled to Travancore a second time on Tippu's invasion in 1789, and died
there. The family, like that of the Zamorin of Calicut and other Chiefs of
Malabar, follows the Marumakkatayam law of inheritance, by which the
succession is to the offspring of its female members, among whom the next
eldest male after the Raja is his heir-apparent. The late Valiya Raja of
Kottayam was called Shangara Varma Raja ; and he was succeeded by the
present Valiya Raja under the Marumakkatayam law. He receives an
allowance from Government in compensation for the estate that belonged
to his ancestors.
Residence. Malabar, Madras.
KOURE KHAN, JATOI, Khan Bahadur.
Honorary Magistrate of Muzaffargarh. Created a Khan Bahadur, as a
personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Muzaffargarh, Punjab.
KRISHAN DATT RAM (of Singha Chanda), Raja.
The title is personal, and was recognised in 1877.
Residence. Gonda, Oudh.
KRISHNA CHANDAR RAI, Rai Bahadur.
Born in 1823. The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th July
1885, "for long and meritorious service under Government." The Rai
Bahadur rendered excellent service as Deputy-Magistrate and Deputy-Collector
of Diamond Harbour. Belongs to an old Baidya family, formerly of Mur-
shidabad, now settled in the Dacca district, and known as the Baira Rais ;
descended from Sri Chandra Rai, who served under the Nawab Shaista
Khan, and received from him a khilat. Educated at * Dacca College ;
appointed to the service of the Government of Bengal in 1841. Is an
Honorary Presidency Magistrate of Calcutta, Vice-President of the East
Bengal Association, etc. He has five sons Lalit Chandra Rai, physician,
born 1852 ; Vipina Chandra Rai, D.L., of the Judicial Service, born 1854;
Hem Chandra Rai, M.A., B.L., born 1864; Sarat Chandra Rai, B.L., born
1867 ; Gnan Chandra Rai, B.A., born 1870.
Residence. Baira, Mdnikganj, Dacca, Bengal.
KRISHNA NATH, PANDIT, NYAYAPANCHANANA,
Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title was conferred, as a personal distinction, on 24th May 1892,
in recognition of his eminence as a Sanskrit Scholar. It entitles him to
take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas. The title Nydyapan-
chdnana is a literary title or degree, conferred by the learned Pandits of the
Sanskrit University of Navadwipa or Nadiya, and refers to proficiency
in the Nydya school of logic.
Residence. Purbasthali, Nadiya", Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 267
KRISHNA PERTAP SINGH SAHI, K.C.I.B. (of Hutwa),
Maharaja Bahadur. See Hatwa.
KRISHNA SAH, LALA, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1 8th March 1856. The title was conferred on 2nd January 1888,
as a personal distinction, in recognition of his services as an Honorary
Magistrate and Member of the Municipal Commission of Nainital. Is the
son of the late Lala Moti Ram Sah, the well-known banker, who rendered
distinguished services to the Government in the time of the Mutiny in 1857,
and received a handsome reward for them. Belongs to a Rajput family of
the North- Western Provinces.
Residence. Nainita"!, North- Western Provinces.
KRISHNA SAHAI, LALA, Rai Bahadur.
Born 2nd April 1824. The title was conferred on 2nd January 1888, as
a personal distinction, in recognition of his services as an Honorary Magistrate
and Member of the District Board of Meerut. The family has from time
immemorial been bankers and landowners in the North-Western Provinces.
Residence. Meerut, North-Western Provinces.
KRISHNA SINGH, PANDIT (Thakur of Bhoar), Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on ist January 1890, for
eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Bhoar, Madhubani, Darbhanga, Bengal.
KRISHNAJI LAKSHMAN NALKAR, C.I.E., The Hon.
A Member of the Viceroy's Legislative Council. Was created a
Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, ist January
1888.
Residence.- Calcutta.
KRISHNALAL OCHAVRAM, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth July 1886.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
KRISHNARAO GAJANAND, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth July 1886.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
KRISHNARAO MALHARRAO, Vishwasrao.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Kha"ndesh, Bombay.
268 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KEISTBNDRA RAI (of Bolihar), Rdjd Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Majesty. He belongs to
an old Kulin Brahman family, originally called Sanyal, and long settled at
Bolihar in the district of Rajshahi, Bengal. Is descended from Ram Rai
Sdnyal, whose grandson was Ram Chandra Rai. His grandson was the Raja
Rajendra Rai, whose adopted son was the Raja Shiva Prasad Rai, father of
the present Raja Bahadur. He rendered good service to the Government
during the scarcity of 1874.
Residence. Bolihar, Rajshdhi, Bengal.
KRISTO CHANDAR GHOSH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888, for good
service in the Opium Department.
Residence. Bankipur, Bengal.
KSHETRA CHANDRA ADITYA, Rai Bahadur.
The Rai Bahadur has rendered good service in the Military Accounts
Department, and received the title as a personal distinction on 25th
May 1892.
Residence. Simla.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 269
KUCH BBHAR, LIEUT. - COLONEL HIS HIGHNESS MAHA-
RAJA SIR NRIPENDRA NARAYAN BHUP BAHADUR,
GKC.I.E., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 4th October 1862; succeeded his father, the late Maharaja
Narendra Narayan Bhup Bahadur, in August 1863. Belongs to a Kochi
family that has held uninterrupted sovereignty for the last 382 years in this
territory, since their first settlement in the plains; from which family also
descend the Bijni and Darung Houses of Assam, the Raikats of Baikanthapur
(g.v.) in Jalpaiguri, and the Panga family in Rangpur. His Highness was
educated, first^ in the Wards Institute at Benares ; secondly, under the guardian-
ship of Mr. H. St. J. Kneller, in the Bankipur College, Patna, and next as a
Law Student in the Presidency College, Calcutta. During his minority the
State rendered good service in the Bhutan war 1863-65, for which two
guns were presented to His Highness by the British Government. Was
presented with medal and sword in 1877 at the Imperial Assemblage at
Delhi, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India. Married, in March 1878, the eldest daughter of the
famous Reformer, Kesub Chander Sen. Was sent to England the same year
to complete his education, under the joint guardianship of Surgeon -Major
(now Sir) Benjamin Simpson and Mr. Kneller. Returned to India. in the
spring of 1879, and was formally installed on his ancestral gadi on the 8th
November 1883, by the Lieutenant - Governor of Bengal. The titles of
Maharaja Bhup. Bahadur were recognised as hereditary by the Government
of India in 1885. His Highness was appointed Honorary Major in the
British Army in the same year. He visited England in the Jubilee year
1887, to take part in the rejoicings on the occasion of the Jubilee of the
reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, with the Maharam and children, and
was invested with the Insignia of Grand Commander of the Most Eminent
Order of the Indian Empire by Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen
Empress herself, the Maharani being invested with the Imperial Order of the
Crown of India in the same year. Was made Honorary Aide-de-camp to
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel
in the British Army. The Maharaja in 1888 established the Brahmo Somaj
or the Reformed Church in the State of Kuch Behar. He founded the
Victoria College for higher education therein, and granted a long term
settlement of revenue to his subjects for thirty years, assessments being
made on the most approved principles. His Highness established the India
Club at Calcutta in 1882, founded Nripendra Narayan Hall at Jalpaiguri in
1883, and presented house and lands at Darjiling, wherewith the Lewis
Jubilee Sanitarium was started at that station in 1887, and established the
"Anandamayi Dharmasala" (almshouse) in 1889. The Maharaja's age is
now thirty, and he has issue, four sons and two daughters. While in
England in 1887 he received the distinguished masonic honour of Past
Grand Senior Warden of England at the hands of the Most Worshipful the
Grand Master, made District Grand Master of Bengal in 1890, installed
District Grand Mark Master of Bengal, 1891.
The area of the State is 1307 square miles; its population is 602,624,
chiefly Hindus, but including 174,539 Muhammadans. His Highness main-
270
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
tains a military force of 9 cavalry, 176 infantry, and 4 guns, and is entitled
to a salute of 13 guns. The ancestral banner of the family displays a sword
and a blade of grass (with which, according to tradition, one of the Maharaja's
ancestors cut off the head of an enemy as an offering to the Goddess Kali).
The supporters are a tiger and an elephant. The crest is a " Hanuman,"
holding a club in each hand.
Residences. Kuch Behar, Bengal ; Calcutta ; Darjiling.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 271
KUDRAT AZIZ. See Muhammad Kudrat Aziz.
KUDRAT-ULLA, SHAIKH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred, on i2th October 1860.
Residence. Birbhum, Bengal.
KUMARA VENKATA PERUMAL RAZ (of Karvetnagar), Raja.
The title is hereditary, having been in the family from early times, and
confirmed by the British Government in 1802. Is the son of the late Raja
of Karvetnagar, Raja Kumara Bomma Raz. Belongs to a family that was
called the Bomma Raz (or " Bomrauze ") family, that rose to power in the
district of North Arcot about 200 years ago, in consequence of the decline of
the Vijayanagar dynasty. The family cognisance is a white flag with the
device of a boar on its field ; the family motto, borne on its seal, is Kdrvet-
nagar Venugopdlaswdmi Sahdyam, meaning "May Venugopalaswami the
deity of Karvetnagar assist."
Residence. Karvetnagar, North Arcot, Madras.
KUMHARSAIN, RANA HIRA SINGH, Rand of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bom 1851 ; succeeded to \hzgadi i2th November 1874. Belongs to a
Rajput family, whose founder, Kirat Singh, came from Gaya about 1000 A.D.,
and acquired possession of the State by conquest. The State, formerly a
feudatory of Bashahr, was taken under direct British protection after the
expulsion of the Gurkhas in 1 8 1 5, by a sanad dated February 1 8 1 6. Rana
Kehr Singh died without issue in 1839, and in consideration of his early
attachment to British interests during the Gurkha war, the Government
confirmed the State to a collateral heir of the family named Rana Pritam
Singh. His successor was the Rana Bhawani Singh, who was succeeded in
1874 by the present Rana, The area of the State, which is one of the Simla
Hill States, is 94 square miles; its population is 9515, chiefly Hindus. The
Rana maintains a military force of 45 infantry and i gun.
Residence. Kumharsain, Simla Hills, Punjab.
KUMUD KRISHNA SINGH (of Susang), Mahdrdjd.
See Susang, Mahdrdjd of.
KUN KYI (SAWBWA), Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i7th April 1890. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Mone, Burma.
272 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KUNHIAR, THAKUR TEGH SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1836; succeeded to the gadi in 1867. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family ; descended from Bhoj Deo, who in early times came from
Jammu, and conquered this territory. The State was overrun by the
Gurkhas at the beginning of the century; but on their expulsion by the
British in 1815, it was confirmed to Rao Puran Deo, the then Thakur, by a
sanad dated 4th September 1815. The present Thakur succeeded Rao
Kishan Singh on the death of the latter in 1867. The area of the State is
9 square miles ; its population is 1923, chiefly Hindus. The Thakur has a
son named Shib Singh, and maintains a military force of 20 infantry.
Residence. Kunhiar, Simla Hills, Punjab.
KUNJAL SINGH (of BMtgaon), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family descended from Jogi Rai,
who was the Diwan of Kalyan Sai, Raja of Ratnapur.
Residence. Bhdtgaon, Bildspur, Central Provinces.
KURANDWAD (Senior Branch), CHINTAMAN RAO RAGHU-
NATH, alias BALA SAHBB PATWARDHAN, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born i4th February 1850; succeeded to the gadi 25th January 1876.
Belongs to a Konkanasth Brahman (Hindu) family, claiming descent from
Hari Rath, of Kotwadi. His descendant, Trimbak Rao of Kotwadi in the
Konkan, obtained Kurandwad ,in indm, and was succeeded by his son,
Nilkanta Rao, who received the saranjam and the title of Sardar from the
Peshwa. The Chief has a son and heir named Bhalchandra Rao, with
the title of " Anna Saheb." The area of the State, which is in the Southern
Mahratta country, is 182 square miles; its population is 35,187, chiefly
Hindus, but including 3409 Muhammadans. The Chief maintains a
military force of 10 cavalry, 164 infantry, and 2 guns.
There are three chiefs of Kurandwad, all of the Patwardhan family, the
Bala Saheb Patwardhan being the Chief of that division of the State that is
known as " Kurandwad (senior branch)/' being rather a larger part ; while
the Bapu Saheb Patwardhan and the Daji Saheb Patwardhan are jointly the
Chiefs of that part that is known as " Kurandwad (junior branch)."
Residence. Kurandwad, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
KURANDWAD (Junior Branch), GANPAT RAO HARIHAR,
alias BAPU SAHBB PATWARDHAN, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839; succeeded to the gadi 5th April 1854. Belongs to a
Konkanasth Brahman family (see Kurandwad, senior branch). Shares the
Chiefship of this State with the Daji Saheb Patwardhan. The State has
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 273
an area of 114 square miles, and a population of 25,811, chiefly Hindus,
but including 2548 Muhammadans. The Chiefs maintain a military force of
12 cavalry, 306 infantry, and i gun.
Residence. Kurandwdd, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
KURANDWAD (Junior Branch), HARIHAR RAO VINAYAK,
alias DAJI SAHEB PATWARDHAN, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1852 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 5th April 1854. Belongs
to a Konkanasth Brahman (Hindu) family (see Kurandwad, senior branch).
Shares the Chiefship of this State with the Bapu Saheb Patwardhan (vide supra).
Residence. Kurandwdd, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
KURWAI, NAWAB MUNAWAR ALI KHAN, Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1869; succeeded to the gadi i5th January 1887. Belongs to a
Pathan (Muhammadan) family, descended from Nawab Dalel Khdn, an
Afghan leader. His descendant, the Nawab Muhammad Nazaf Khan,
succeeded to the gadi in 1858. Having rendered good service to Govern-
ment, and being without male issue, he was permitted to adopt his grandson,
the son of his eldest daughter, who is the present Nawab. The family
banner is green, bearing on its field a crescent. The area of the State is
about 140 square miles; its population is 24,631, chiefly Hindus, but
including 3609 Muhammadans. The Nawab maintains a military force of
12 cavalry, 190 infantry, and 9 guns.
Residence. Kurwai, Bhopal, Central India.
KUSALPURA, Thdkur of. See Kassalpura.
274
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KUTCH, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAO SHRI MIRZA RAJA
SAWAI SIR KHENGARJI BAHADUR, G.C.I.E., Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
KUTCH
COURAGE-AND-CONFIDENCE
Born i6th August 1867; succeeded to the gadi iQth December 1875.
Is Chief of the Jareja Rajputs, who came to Kutch from Sind early in the
1 4th century, under the leadership of his
ancestor, the Jam Lakha Phulani, son of
Jara, from whom the clan takes its name.
Lakha is said to have completed the con-
quest of Kutch in the year 1320 A.D. His
descendant, Khengar, when only a lad of
fourteen, slew a lion with his sword at a
hunting party with the King of Ahmadabad,
who was so much pleased with this feat that
he conferred on the young prince the
territory of Morvi, in the north of Kathiawar,
with the title of Rao. After this the Rao
Khengar succeeded in making himself the
master of the whole of Kutch, with the
city of Bhuj for his capital, in 1548 A.D.
Khengar's uncle, the Jam Rawal, fled to
Kathiawar, and founded the State of Nawanagar, the rulers of which are still
called Jams. The Rao Khengar I. was succeeded by Rao Bharmal L,
during whose reign, fr6m 1585 to 1631 A.D., the government of Gujarat
passed from the Kings of Ahmadabad to the Mughal Emperors. Bharmal,
who was at the head of a large military force, visited the Emperor Jahangir
in 1617, and received from him most costly presents, including his own
horse, elephants, dagger, and a sword with diamond-mounted hilt. A de-
scendant, Rao Lakhpatji, who reigned from 1741 to 1760 A.D., set up a
cannon-foundry, and introduced other manufactures from Europe by the aid
of an adventurer named Ramsingh ; and the mechanical skill and working in
metals, for which the craftsmen of Kutch are still famous, date from this reign.
In 1809 the rulers of Kutch sought British help ; the Rao Raidhan II. being
on the gadi, but the administration of the State being carried on by a very
powerful and ambitious Prime Minister named Fatheh Muhammad. A treaty
was signed in that year, and again another in 1812. In 1813 both Fatheh
Muhammad and the Rao died. The latter was succeeded by his son, Rao
Bharmal II. ; but there was so much disorder in the State that the British
Power was compelled to intervene, and to send troops into the Principality
in 1816, and again in 1818-19. On the latter occasion the Rao was
deposed, and his son, the Rao Desalji II., succeeded as a minor, and ruled
happily for more than forty years, till 1860. He took vigorous measures to
suppress infanticide, sati (or the burning of widows on the funeral pile of
their deceased husbands), and the trade in slaves. On the death of Rao
Desalji in 1860, the Government of Bombay thus recorded the official
appreciation of his career : " Marked by a love of truth and plain dealing,
Rao Desalji was probably more than any one else in Kutch learned in the
traditions and customs of the Province. He was a careful and painstaking
judge, and a staunch and devoted ally of the British Government. With the
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 275
help of a few Chiefs and Court servants he managed the whole business of
the country, and by his knowledge of their character, friendly intercourse,
and timely concessions, avoided any struggle with the Jareja chiefs." The
" Jareja chiefs " referred to are the Bhdyad brotherhood or frerage of the
ruling family, being all descendants of the first Rao. The Rao Desalji II.
was succeeded by his late Highness the Maharao Pragmalji, father of the
present Rao. During the fifteen years of his rule, 1860 to 1875, he showed
himself anxious to improve the management of the State. He framed codes
for the guidance of his officers in matters of civil and criminal justice, he
undertook works of public usefulness, and introduced State systems of public
instruction and of vaccination. In recognition of his excellent administra-
tion he was in 1871 honoured with the title of Knight Grand Commander of the
Star of India. Unlike his forefathers, none of whom left Kutch, he thrice
visited Bombay in 1870 to meet His Royal Highness the Duke of Edin-
burgh, in 1871 to take part in a Chapter of the Star of India, and in October
1875 to meet His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. These happy visits
are marked by important public works dedicated to their Royal Highnesses
the Albert Edward Breakwater and Harbour Works at Mandvi, which
have cost over 1 2 lacs of rupees, and the Alfred High School at Bhuj, the pro-
vincial centre of education ; and the establishment of two " Rao Shri
Pragmalji Scholarships " in the Elphinstone College, and two in Sir Jarhsetji
Jijibhai's School of Art, Bombay. His Highness Rao Pragmalji was described
by the British authorities as " most enlightened and liberal," as well as a
"loyal, consistent, and devoted friend" of the British Government. Rao
Pragmalji built a palace at Bhuj at a cost of about Rs.2o,oo,ooo ; con-
structed the Pragsar Tank, which is an immense reservoir of rain water in
the Chadwa range of hills, and a causeway in the large Hamirsar tank ; he
also built the Jail ^3.79,509), the Hospital, the Horse and Elephant
Stables (Rs. 1,84,303), and the Schools at Bhuj and Mandvi; remitted
transit duties, and occasionally remitted import duties in times of scarcity or
deficient rainfall. He ordered out cotton gins, and introduced screw presses,
and finished the Bhuj-Mandvi road. He was a great sportsman, and killed
many wild animals, including a number of panthers. The total expenditure
on public works started during His Highness Rao Pragmalji's reign amounted
to Rs. 3 2, 4 1, 43 5. He was succeeded in 1876 by His Highness the present
Maharaja, Rao Khengarji, who was described at that time by the British
Political Agent as "a most promising boy of ten." In 1877 Sir Richard
Temple, as Governor of Bombay, visited the State, and complimented the
young Prince on his general progress, and on the accuracy and ease with
which he could converse in English his education having been mainly in
the hands of M. Chhotalal Tewakram and Captain J. W. Wray of the Staff
Corps. He was admitted into the Council of Administration, at an unusually
early age, in 1882 ; and on nth August 1884, having attained his majority
of eighteen years of age, he was invested with full powers of State. On
1 4th November of that year Sir James Fergusson, as Governor of Bombay,
visited Bhuj, and held a grand Darbar for the purpose of formally installing
His Highness, in the name of the Queen Empress, as Rao of Kutch. In
the course of his speech on that occasion Sir James Fergusson said : " I
venture to augur very favourably of His Highness's reign. His natural intelli-
gence has been well developed, his mind has been instructed by a liberal
education, he possesses a complete knowledge of the circumstances and
276 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
wants of his country and people, but more hopeful still are his disposition
and character. The frequent opportunities which I have had of judging of
them, as well as the unanimous testimony of those who have known him
from childhood, convince me that he possesses a kind heart as well as a clear
judgment, and cherishes a resolute adherence to the call of duty. These
qualities are not unknown to his subjects, and they cannot fail to deepen
their hereditary attachment to his family and person, which is so remarkable.
It may indeed actuate him to deserve and reciprocate it. I doubt not that
it will. I shall deem myself very ignorant of character if His Highness does
not realise our best anticipations."
On the 2nd March 1885 a Darbar was held at the Bhuj Palace for the
investiture of His Highness with the hereditary distinction of "Sawai
Bahadur," conferred on the rulers of Kutch by the British Government. In
1887 His Highness proceeded to England to represent the Princes of the
Bombay Presidency on the occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of the
Queen Empress, and during his absence he entrusted his State to his Diwan,
Rao Bahadur Motilal Lalbhai.
Whilst in England His Highness was created a Knight Grand Com-
mander of the Indian Empire. He takes a deep interest in education, and
especially in the education of women. He founded a Sanskrit school or
Pathshala, at a cost of Rs. 2 5,000, and named it after his mother. He also
founded the Fergusson Museum and Library at Bhuj, an institution erected
as a memorial of the Governorship of Sir James Fergusson. This last cost
Rs.32,ooo. To encourage learning he has founded various scholarships of more
or less importance, and has also inaugurated a fund from which deserving
scholars desirous to study in England or America can obtain their expenses.
Among the scholarships for females may be mentioned the one to Kutch
females attending the Grant Medical College in Bombay, the " Kutch Barton
Scholarship " to Kutch females attending the Training College at Ahmadabad
or Rajkot, scholarships for female assistant-teachers at Bhuj, the Rao Shri
Khengarji scholarships, and one for girls attending the High School at Puna.
For males the Rao has founded -scholarships for Kutchis receiving scientific
and technical education in England, for students receiving agricultural or
other scientific education in India, for Kutchis attending the Veterinary
College at Bombay, the Veterinary School at Puna and the College of Science
at Puna; also scholarships open to any citizen of Bombay attending the
Ripon Technical School, Bombay ; and further gives annual prizes for quali-
fying for any professional function in connection with a mill, and for the work
ot a captain of a steamer. It should be mentioned that the scholarships for
Kutchis resident in Bombay alone were established at a total cost of
Rs.25,ooo. As a further stimulus to education, and especially with the
object of encouraging native talent and spreading knowledge amongst the
people, the Darbar annually commissions competent persons to write essays
on various subjects, and to translate standard English works into the Gujarati
language.
In the matter of public works considerable improvements have been
effected within recent years in connection with the extension of roads, the
pier and reclamation works, and the erection of new buildings. Since the
accession of His Highness to the gadi the expenditure incurred by the Darbar
on works of public utility has amounted to Rs. 66, 2 4,6 7 2.
Great attention is paid by His Highness to well-irrigation, which has been
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 277
found by experience to be most suited to the peculiar requirements of the
Province, the rainfall being limited and precarious. Other means of irriga-
tion have also been adopted. Under his guidance strenuous efforts have
also been made in the direction of reclamation of waste land. In the course
of the last fifteen years the number of acres of waste land brought under the
plough amount to 83,890, and fifteen new villages have been established.
His Highness is a thorough sportsman, fond of pig-sticking, shooting, and
all manly exercises. He is, moreover, a firm though conciliatory ruler, and
is regarded by his subjects with a deep and ardent attachment. He married
the daughters of the Thakur Saheb of Sayla, and of the Rana Jalamsinghji,
cousins of His Highness the Raj Saheb of Dhrangadra, in Kathiawar (q.v.\
on ipth February 1884. The occasion of this marriage was remarkable for
the substitution for the old custom of giving Fulekas (grand dinners and a
nightly procession, according to old practice) of a small Darbar, at which
nazars were paid, which His Highness touched, and remitted to be utilised
in furthering the cause of female education. His sons are named Mad-
hubha, otherwise called Vijayarajji, born 2nd September 1885; and
Manubha, born i2th September 1888.
His Highness's brother is named Karansinghji, born in 1870, and
educated at the Rajkumar College, Rajkot ; he visited England on the occa-
sion of Her Majesty's Jubilee in 1887, and was then created a Companion of
the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, and married a daughter of
the House of Aramda, in Okha, Kathiawar, in March 1889. His Highness's
sister was married to His Highness the Maharaja of Bikanir (q.v.}, in Raj-
putana.
The State has an area of 6500 square miles, exclusive of the Runn of
Kutch, which is about 9000 square miles; its population is 512,084, chiefly
Hindus, but including 118,797 Muhammadans and 66,663 Jains. His
Highness maintains a military force of 354 cavalry, 1412 infantry, and 164
guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 7 guns.
Arms. The coat of arms adopted by His Highness's family is most inter-
esting, as illustrating Oriental heraldry. The sketch given in the margin is
taken from a document kindly supplied by the Kutch Darba"r, and was described
by His Excellency the Diwdn of Kutch in 1876 in the following words :
"(i) The Fort of Bhujia, which overlooks the capital of Bhuj. (2) The
Moon, showing that the reigning family belongs to the Lunar dynasty. (3)
The Crown, and the Jari Patka flag (with representations of the sun and the
moon), emblematic of royalty. (4) The Mahi Muratab, a flag with a gold-fish
at the top, presented to a former Rao of Kutch by an Emperor of Delhi. This
is considered a valued present, and is carried in State in all ceremonials by
sowaris on the back of an elephant. (5) The Trident of the family goddess,
and old weapons of the family. (6) A Boat, showing that Kutch is a maritime
Power. (7) Two Horsemen, representing Kutch as a horse-producing country,
and showing specimens of her military retainers. (8) A Cow, representing the
customary title of a native potentate. (9) A killed Tiger, indicating the great
historical event from which the title of Rao was derived. (10) The Motto
adopted by the family, showing the attributes by which the first Rao Kheng^r
succeeded in regaining his lost patrimony."
Residence. The Palace, Bhuj, Kutch, Western India.
27 8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
KUTHAR, RANA JAICHAND, Rdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1845 > succeeded to the gadi as a minor 27th December 1848.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family ; claiming descent from Surat Chand,
who came in early times from Kishtwar in Jammu, and conquered this
territory. The State was overrun by the Gurkhas between 1803 and 1815,
and after their expulsion by the British was confirmed to the then Rana by a
British sanad dated 3rd September 1815. The area of the State (which is
one of the Simla Hill States) is 19 square miles; its population is 3648,
chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a military force of 40 infantry.
Residence. Kuthar, Simla Hills, Punjab.
KUVARJI KOWASJI, Khan Bahadur.
Born ist March 1822. The title was conferred on i6th February 1887,
as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty. Appointed to the service of the Bombay Govern-
ment in 1840, and during a service of forty-six years held various important
posts with credit to himself and advantage to the State. Retired in 1886
on a special pension, on account of his "long and highly meritorious services."
Was appointed in the same year a Delegate in the Parsi District Matrimonial
Court of Surat. Is an Honorary Magistrate of the First Class. Has a son
named Pestanji Kuvarji Kowasji, born 1860.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
KYAING KAN, KUN UN, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
This Chief is Myoza of one of the Shan States on the frontier of
Burma. Its area is about 450 square miles; its population chiefly consists
of Shans.
Residence. Kyaing Kan, Shan States, Burma.
KYAING LUN, KUN MAUNG, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
This Chief is Myoza of one of the Shan States on the frontier of
Burma. Itsarea is about 30 square miles; its population almost entirely
Shans.
Residence. Kyaing Lun, Shan States, Burma.
KYAING TON, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
This Chief is the Sawbwa of one of the Shan States on the frontier
of Burma. He has four feudatory chiefs tributary to him those of
Kyaing Thingyi, Maingthal, Thinaung, and Thin Nyut. The population
consists chiefly of Shans, with a few Yins.
Residence. Kyaing Ton, Shan States, Burma.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 279
KYAING YONGYI, Chief of .
A Ruling Chief.
Is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier.
Residence. Kyaing Yongyi, Shan States, Burma.
KYAUKKULBYWA, MATING THAING, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is Chief of one of the Shan States on the frontier of
Burma. The area of the State is about 80 square miles.
Residence. Kyaukkuleywa, Shan States, Burma.
, KYAW GAUNG, MAUNG, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Mm.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890. It means
" Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the letters
T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Ye-u, Burma.
KYAW LAW, MAUNG, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. It
means " Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the
letters T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Paga"n, Burma.
KYBTHI BANS AN, KUN THAN, Myozaof.*
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier.
The area of the State is about 300 square miles.
Residence. Kyethi Bansan, Shan States, Burma.
KYON, MAUNG PO, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma
frontier. The area of the State is about 1 5 square miles.
Residence. Kyon, Shan States, Burma.
KYWB O, MAUNG U, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th June 1885. It means
" Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the letters
K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Rangoon, Burma.
LACHHMAN. See Lakshman.
2 8o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
LACHHMAN DAS HAZARIKA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3rd March 1880.
Residence. Lakhimpur, Assam.
LACHHMAN DAS SETH, C.LE.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, 2Qth May 1886.
Residence.
LACHHMAN PABSHAD SINGH (of Asothar), Rdjd.
Born 1847. The title is hereditary. The Raja is descended from
Deogaj Singh, who came from Khichhidara or Raghugarh in Central India
in 1543, and married the daughter of the Raja of Aijhi, and subsequently
succeeded to the possessions of his father-in-law. About 150 years later
Araru Singh was in possession of the Asothar Zaminddri, with two co-
sharers; but owing to the oppression of the latter he became reduced
to the position of a cultivator. A curious tradition is told of him, that
he was once sleeping under a mahua tree, overcome with the fatigue of
his laborious occupation, when an Ahir named Bidhotar, who was at work
in the neighbouring field, observed a large cobra approach the sleeping
man, endeavouring to screen his head from the rays of the sun with its
expanded hood ; and when Araru resumed his ploughing, he presently
found a great golden treasure, with which he repurchased all his ancestral
estates, and became both rich and powerful. His son, Bhagwant Rai,
built the fort at Ghazipur, and defied the Imperial troops for a long
time; but in 1760 A.D. he was captured by treachery and slain. He
was succeeded by his son, Rup Rai, who died in 1780, leaving the
Raj of Asothar to his son Bariyar Singh. Subsequently most of the
family possessions were resumed by the Nawab Vazir, Asaf-ud-daula, and
only a pension left to the Raja. Bariyar Singh's son, Duniapat, obtained
a confirmation of his father's pension from the British Government in 1805.
Duniapat's adopted son, Raghubar Singh, died in the former's lifetime ;
and Duniapat was succeeded in 1850 by Raghubar's adopted son, the
Raja Lachhman Parshad Singh. The Raja is an Honorary Magistrate;
and has issue two sons Kunwar Narpat Singh and Kunwar Chandra
Bhukhan Singh.
, Fatehpur, North- Western Provinces.
LACHHMAN RAO, Rao Saheb.
Born 8th May 1845. The title is hereditary, the Rao Saheb being
descended from Rao Vinayek Rao, who was the Diwan or Prime Minister
of the late Mahratta ruler of Sagar. Vinayek Rao came originally from
the Deccan, and was appointed by the Mahratta Government first to be
Mamlatdar. On the cession to the British Government the family received
hereditary pensions. The Rao Saheb is an Honorary Magistrate. He has
a son Rao Ganpat Rao Saheb Subahdar.
Residence. Sagar, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 281
LACHHMAN SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1882. The
Rai Bahadur belongs to a family from Cawnpur, North- Western Provinces.
Residence. Bombay.
LACHHMAN SINGH (of Wazirpur), Rdjd.
Born i pth October 1826. The title was conferred on ist January 1877,
as a personal distinction, at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress
of India. Belongs to a Rajput family of the Jadon clan, originally resident
at Karemna in Rajputana. About 130 years ago Karemna was burnt
by the troops of the Raja of Macheri (Alwar) in his war with the Raja
of Bhartpur; and Kalyan Singh, the ancestor of Lachhman Singh, took
refuge in Bhartpur. His eldest son was appointed Fotehddr of Pargana
Ruphas by the Raja of Bhartpur, but was subsequently poisoned; and
the younger son, Lachhman Singh's grandfather, took service in Sindhia's
army. He died at Aligarh a few months before the capture of that fortress
by the British, and his sons removed to Agra. His grandson, the present
Raja, entered the Government service in 1847 > an d for his services during
the time of the Mutiny, and generally to the cause of education, he has
received the title of Raja, a khilat^ and various grants.
Residence. Bulandshahr, North- Western Provinces.
LACHHMESHWAE SINGH, SIR, K.C.I.B., Mahdrdjd Bahadur.
See Darbhanga.
LACHHMINARAYAN SINGH, DEO (of Kera), Thdkur.
The title was conferred on ist January 1877, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India. The Thakur is one of the representatives of the great
Porahat family, from which are descended the feudatory chiefs of Serikala
and Kharsawan, and other Chota Nagpur chiefs in the district of Singbhum.
Residence. Kera, Singbhum, Bengal.
LAKHPAT RAI, Rai.
Born 1825. The title was conferred on 8th October 1875, as a
personal distinction, in recognition of the Rai's exertions in 'improving the
city of Peshawar. He belongs to a Kshatriya family, and is the son of the
late Diwan Bhawani Das, who held the responsible and important office
of Daftri in Peshawar during the Durani and Sikh rule. The Rai is
an Honorary Magistrate and a member of the Municipal Committee of
Peshawar.
Residence. Peshawar, Punjab.
LAKSHMAN JAGANNATH, Diwdn Bahadur.
Born 1 5th August 1835. The title was conferred on i6th February
1887, as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of Her
282 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Majesty's reign. Belongs to a Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu family;
second son of Jagannath Baji Rao, Mamlatdar in Khandesh. Prior to
his appointment as Prime Minister of the Baroda State he had rendered
long and meritorious services to the Bombay Government; and while
Deputy Collector of Sholapur endeared himself to the people to such
an extent that they called their market after his name, " Lakshmanpet."
In 1874 he became Assistant Revenue Commissioner of the Northern
Division of the Bombay Presidency; and shortly afterwards was invited
to aid Mr. Dadabhai Naoroji (subsequently M.P. for Central Finsbury)
in the administration of Baroda. He became, first, Subahdar of the Naosari
district, then head of the Revenue Department in 1883, and finally in 1886
Diwan or Prime Minister of the State. He retired in 1890 with a pension
from the British Government, and handsome allowances from the Gaekwar.
He married Bai Sitabai, and has issue six daughters Gujabai, Chandrabai,
Chingubai, Dhakubai, Naobai, and Sundrabai.
Residence. Nardyan Pet, Poona, Bombay.
LAKSHMAN JIVAJI TILVB, Rao Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for
eminent services in the Postal Department.
Residence. Ahmedabad, Bombay.
LAKSHMI KANTA RAO PANTULU, JIDDU, Diwdn Bahddur.
Born yth November 1833. The title was conferred on i6th February
1887, as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of Her
Majesty's reign. Educated in the Nobles College, Masulipatam. Entered
the service of the Madras Government in 1855, an< ^ h as rendered long and
meritorious service ; appointed Deputy Director of Revenue Settlement in
1883. On the occasion of the Proclamation of her Most Gracious Majesty
as Empress of India at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi on ist January
1877, he received a Medal of Honour. Has issue three sons (i) J.
Sundarayya, B.A., born 1861 ; (2) J. Lakshmayya, born 1869 ; (3) J. Sundara
Nana Rao, born 1874.
Residence. Cuddalore, Madras.
LAKSHMI SHANKAR MISRA, PANDIT, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Benares, North- Western Provinces.
T.AKSHMILAL DAULATRAI, Rao Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for
eminent services in the Baroda Residency.
Residence. Baroda.
LAL BEG, Khdn Saheb.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for
eminent magisterial services in the Ganjam Hill Tracts, Madras.
Residence. Ga"nja"m, Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 283
LAL MADHAVA MUKARJI, Rai Bahadur.
Born in 1841. Belongs to a Kulin Brahman family, and is the son of
Ishwar Chandra Mukarji, an old and much respected merchant of Calcutta.
Educated at the Free Church College of the Calcutta University; and
subsequently graduated at the Calcutta Medical College. During the great
Orissa famine of 1866 he was appointed Medical Officer in charge of the
famine hospitals that were opened at Chitpore and Sealdah for the relief of
the famine-stricken. His good services there were duly acknowledged by
the Government of Bengal. He then successively held the appointments of
House Surgeon of the Calcutta Ophthalmic Hospital for thirteen years, and
teacher of Ophthalmic Medicine and Surgery in the Campbell School for
three years. He has taken a very prominent place among the great oculists
of the world, and was deputed by the Government of India to Rajputana,
to attend upon His Highness the Maharaja of Jaipur, whose eyesight he
successfully restored. He translated into Bengali the English text-book on
the Diseases of the ye, by Dr. Macnamara, which has been highly eulogised
by the most competent authorities. In 1879 he was elected a Municipal
Commissioner for the town of Calcutta ; and has been re-elected in three
subsequent successive elections. Has been several times Member of the
Town Council of Calcutta. Was appointed a Fellow of the Calcutta
University in 1881 ; and in 1890 became a Member of the Syndicate. He
is an elected Member of the Council of the Calcutta Bethune Society ; of the
Calcutta Health Society ; and of the India Club. He is a Justice of the
Peace for the town of Calcutta. He is the first native gentleman who has
been honoured with the Presidentship of the Calcutta Medical Society. He
is also the President and Honorary Lecturer of Ophthalmic Medicine and
Surgery in the Calcutta Medical School. When Her Majesty the Empress,
in recognition of his distinguished medical services, was pleased to confer
upon him the title of Rai Bahadur, the Government of India also presented
him with a handsome sword and a richly-embroidered sword-belt.
Residence. Calcutta.
LAL MADHUB MOOKBRJBB, Rai Bahadur.
See Lai Madhava Mukarji.
LAL RAGHURAJ SINGH (of Pandaria), Thdkur.
The title is hereditary. The founder of the family was Sham Chand ;
and the late Thakur Gajapal Singh was thirteenth in succession. He was
the younger brother of the Thakur Rajpal Singh, feudatory Chief of
Kawardha (q.v.) Thakur Gajapal Singh has been recently succeeded, at
Pandaria, by Thakur Lai Raghuraj Singh.
Residence. Panda" ria, Bila"spur, Central Provinces.
LAL SINGH, Rao.
Born 1844. The title is hereditary. The Rao belongs to a Chandel
family; descended from the Raja Sheoraj Deo, who in the year 1393 of the
Samvat era came from Kanauj to Shiurajpur in Cawnpur district, and
2 8 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
established his rule over the neighbouring country. He conferred on Sirghu
Deo the title of Rao, and allowed him to settle in mauza Sipai, and ever
since the Chandels of this house have been recognised as holding the
title of Rao. The Rao has a son named Dharmraj Singh.
Residence. Sipai, Cawnpur, North- Western Provinces.
LAL SINGH (of Bheri), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the cousin of Sardar Bishan Singh
(q.v.) of Bheri, in the district of Ludhiana, Punjab. Belongs to a Jat (Sikh)
family, descended from Sardar Mahtab Singh, Miran Kotia, a Sikh Chief,
well known for his prowess, who flourished about the year 1761 A.D. His
son, Sardar Rai Singh, acquired by conquest some territory in the Ambala
district more than a century ago. The family came under British protection,
with the other Cis-Sutlej Chiefs, after the first Sikh war. Sardar Ratan
Singh succeeded his father, Rai Singh ; and his grandsons are the Sardars
Bishan Singh (son of Sardar Sarmukh Singh) and Lai Singh (son of Sardar
Gurmukh Singh) of Bheri.
Residence. Bheri, Ludhiana, Punjab.
LAL SINGH (of Talwandi), Sarddr.
Born 1822. The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the grandson of the
Sardar Dal Singh Naharna, who was adopted by the widow of the great
Sardar Fateh Singh, Kalianwala, and inherited his large possessions. He
died in 1823, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Sardar Atar Singh, who,
about the year 1846, received a seat in the Council of Regency, which he
retained until the annexation of the Punjab. On the occasion of the
outbreak at Multan, Sardar Atar Singh joined the British under Major
Edwardes. His son, the present Sardar Lai Singh, was at first carried off
by the troops ; but afterwards escaped, and joined the same side. Sardar
Atar Singh died in 1851, and was succeeded by the present Sardar.
Residence. Talwandi, Amritsar, Punjab.
LALA SAHBB (of Imlai), Rdjd.
Born 1862. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Raj Gond
(aboriginal) family, whose ancestors came from Dhamda to Mandla, and
obtained somejdgirs from Sheo Raj Rai, the Gond Raja of Mandla, because
they were caste-fellows of the Raja. This was in 1624 A.D., and the family
have been settled at Imlai in the Jabalpur district ever since. One of their
ancestors married a daughter of the Rajput house of Ratanpur.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
LALGARH, DIWAN HARI SINGH, Diwdn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 22nd December 1888.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The State contains a population of
about 2500, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Ldlgarh, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 285
LA LIT MOHAN SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
The Rai Bahadur has rendered good service as an Honorary Magistrate,
and as Vice-Chairman of the District Board of Hughli, Bengal. Received
the title as a personal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Hughli, Bengal.
LALJI PURSHOTAM RAI, Rao Bahadur, Diwdn Bahadur.
Both these titles are personal. The former was conferred on i5th
December 1881. The second title, that of Diwan Bahadur, was conferred
on 25th May 1892, for good service as an assistant to the Resident at
Baroda.
Residence. Baroda.
LALLU LACHHMAN SINGH, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1869.
Residence. Dholpur, Ra"jputa"na.
LALUBHAI KASANDAS, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Baroda.
LALUBHAI NANDLAL, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3rd February 1886.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
LANGRIN, U., BOR SINGH, Sam of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1850; succeeded to the gadi 23rd September 1874. The
population of the State (which is one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States,
Assam) is about 1200, and consists of Khasis and Christians.
Residence. Langrin, Khdsi Hills, Assam.
LAS BBLA, MIR HAJI JAM SIR ALI KHAN, K.C.I.B.,/^ of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1849; succeeded to the gadi 2ist January 1889. The Jam was
formerly a feudatory of the Wali of Kalat, but has now the direct protection
of the British Government, through the Governor-General's Agent for
Baluchistan. He was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of
the Indian Empire on the institution of that Order, ist January 1878;
and was promoted to be a Knight Commander of the same Most Eminent
Order, 2nd January 1893. The area of the State is about 8500 square miles,
and its population about 56,000, chiefly Muhammadans. The Jam maintains
a military force of 33 cavalry, 276 infantry, and 4 guns, and is entitled to
a salute of 9 guns as a personal distinction.
Residence. Las Bela, Baluchistan.
286 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
LATHI, THAKUR SURSINGHJI TAKHTSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1875; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 4th November 1878.
Belongs to a Gohel Rajput (Hindu) family, which claim to be Suryavansi
(of the Solar race), as descendants of the legendary hero Rama. The
Gohel sept of Rajputs are said to have occupied a part of Marwar for
twenty generations, until they were expelled by the Rahtors (see Jodhpur) at
the end of the i2th century. Thence, under their Chief, Sejak, they
migrated to Kathiawar, about the year 1260, and are at present represented
in Kathiawar by the ruling families of Bhaunagar, Rajpipla, Palitana, and
Lathi. The founder of the Lathi State was Sarangji, second son of Sejak,
whose eldest son became the ancestor of the Chiefs of Bhaunagar, whilst the
third son was the ancestor of the Chiefs of Palitana. One of the Thakurs of
Lawa married his daughter to Damaji Gaekwar, the great ancestor of the
Gaekwars of Baroda ; and gave the estate of Damnagar as a dowry, being in
return exempted personally from tribute. The State is tributary both to
Baroda and to Junagarh ; and in addition to the tribute the Chief of Lawa
annually offers a horse to the Gaekwar of Baroda, probably in commemoration
of the relationship between the families. The town of Lathi, which is the
capital, is now a station on the Bhaunagar- Gondal railway ; it has the
palace of the Thakur, a Dharmsdla, a good Dispensary, Post and Telegraph
Office, and the Lathi Anglo- Vernacular School. The area of the State is 42
square miles; its population 6804, chiefly Hindus. The Chief maintains
a military force of 12 cavalry, 25 infantry, and 10 guns.
Residence. Ldthi, Ka'thi^wa'r, Bombay.
LATIP ALI KHAN walad AHMAD, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikarpur, Sind.
LATIF HUSAIN KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
LAW YAN, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. It
means " Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the
letters K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Mandalay, Burma.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 287
LAWA, THAKUR DHIRAT SINGH, Thakur of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Thakur belongs to the Kachhwaha Rajput family that is, the ruling
family of Jaipur (q.v.\ the State having originally belonged to Jaipur, and
having been granted by the Maharaja of Jaipur to one of the scions of his
family. It was conquered by the Pindari leader, Amir Khan, in the course
of his Jaipur and Jodhpur campaigns; and the Thakur of Lawa then
became a feudatory of Amir Khan's State of Tonk. In 1867, however, this
connection was terminated, and Lawa came under the direct protection of
the British Government. The area of the State is 18 square miles; its
population is 2682, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Lawa, Ra~jputa"na.
LAXAMAN. See Lakshman.
LAXUMAN JAGANNATHJI, VAIDYA, Diwdn Bahadur.
See Lakshman Jagannath.
LB BUN YU, Kyet Thdye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893. It is
indicated by the letters K.S.M. after the name, and means "Recipient of the
Gold Chain of Honour."
Residence. Rangoon, Burma.
LBGYA, KUN LB, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
the area of which is about 1000 square miles. The population consists
almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. -Legya, Burma.
LEHNA SINGH (of Manasawal), Rand.
Born 1 80 1. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a very ancient Rajput
family, that claims to be descended from the legendary hero Krishna, through
Basu Chand, who is said to have taken possession of Garhmuktesar, and to
have reigned there about 2000 years ago. His descendant, Jodh Chand,
with three brothers, is said to have visited Jwalamukh on a pilgrimage, and
on that occasion to have taken possession of Manasawal and the surrounding
territory in the Hoshiarpur district. Rana Chigar Chand, thirty-third in
descent from Basu Chand, made his submission to the Maharaja Ranjit
Singh, and is said to have been confirmed by him in some of his lands. The
Rana has four sons Opindar Singh, Madho Singh, Janardhan, and another.
Residence. Manasawal, Hoshiarpur, Punjab.
288 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
LEHNA SINGH, CHIMNI, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Gujrdn wala, Punjab.
LIAKAT HUSAIN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Meerut, North-Western Provinces.
LIKHI, THAKUR JASWANT SINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1886 ; has recently succeeded to the gadi as a minor. Belongs to
a Koli (aboriginal) family. The area of the State is 30 square miles ; its
population is 1307, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Likhi, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
LIMBAJI RAO TUKAJI RAO, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 4th May 1885.
Residence. Bija"pur, Bombay.
LIMBDI, Thdkur Saheb of. See Limri.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 289
LIMRI, THAKUR SAHBB SIR JASWANTSINGHJI,
FATBHSINGHJI, K.C.I.B., Thdkur Saheb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 23rd May 1859; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 3oth January
1862. Belongs to a Jhala Rajput (Hindu) family; claiming a common
descent with the Chief of Dhrangadra from Harpaldev, who came from the
north in very early times, and established himself in that part of Kathiawar
called Jhalawar from the name of his sept. The present Chief, who suc-
ceeded his father, the Thakur Saheb Fatehsinghji, was educated at the
Rajkumar College, Rajkot, and finished his education by visiting England
in company with the Principal of that College. He attained his
majority in 1877 ; and on ist August of that year was installed as ruler.
In 1884 the Government of Bombay, in recognition of the ability and
industry with which he conducted the administration of his State, appointed
him a Member of the Legislative Council of Bombay. In 1887 he was
selected as one of the representatives of the Princes of Western India to
present their loyal congratulations to the Queen Empress on the auspicious
occasion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign ; and on that occasion he had
the honour of receiving from the Empress in person the insignia of a Knight
Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire. He extended
his tour to all the chief places of interest in the United Kingdom, in Canada,
and in the United States; and was the guest successively of the Lord-
Lieutenant of Ireland, of the Viceroy of the Canadian Dominion, and of the
President of the United States. He has the reputation of being a most able
and painstaking ruler, and has received high acknowledgment of his ability
and success from successive Governors of Bombay. The area of the State
is 344 square miles; its population is about 43,000, chiefly Hindus, but
including more than 4600 Muhammadans. The Thakur Saheb maintains a
military force of 35 cavalry, 174 infantry, and 28 guns, and is entitled to a
salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Limri (or Limbdi), Kathiawdr, Bombay.
2 9 o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
LOGHASSI, Rao Bahadur of. See Lughasi.
LOHARU, 'NAWAB AMIR-UD-DIN AHMAD KHAN
BAHADUR, FAKHAR-UD-DAULA, C.I.E., Nawdb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859; succeeded to the gadi 3ist October 1884. Belongs to an
Afghan (Muhammadan) family, descended from Ahmad Bakhsh Khdn, who
was employed by the Raja of Alwar in the negotiations with Lord Lake in
1806. In recognition of his services he received Loharu from the Raja,
and the feudal possession of Firuzpur from the British Government. His
son, Shams-ud-din Khan, succeeded him, but was executed at Delhi in
1835 for compassing the murder of the British Resident at Delhi. In con-
sequence of this Firuzpur was confiscated ; but Loharu was subsequently
restored to the brothers of the Chief, who had no share in his guilt, Amin-ud-
din Khan and Zia-ud-din Khan; and Amin-ud-din was the great-grandfather
of the present Nawab. The title of Nawab was restored to the family, in
1866, as a personal distinction; and in 1874 it was conferred on the Chief
in recognition of good administration. Created a Companion of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 2nd January 1893. The area of the
State is 226 square miles; its population 13,754, chiefly Hindus, but including
1517 Muhammadans. The Nawab maintains a military force of 94 men.
Residence. Loha~ru, Hissa>, Punjab.
LORINDA MAL, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Pesha'war, Punjab.
LU THA, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty. It
means " Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour," and is indicated by the
letters K.S.M. after the name.
Residence. Myingyan, Burma.
LUGHASI, RAO BAHADUR KHBT SINGH, Rao Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 2ist July 1856 ; succeeded to the gadi 3rd January 1872. Belongs
to the great Bundela Rajput (Hindu) family of the Orchha House, from which
are descended the ruling families of Panna, Datia, Ajaigarh, and most of the
other States of Bundelkhand ; all tracing their lineage from the same epony-
mous hero, Bir Singh, who first adopted the clan name of Bundela. His
descendant, the Maharaja Chhatrasal, possessed large territories in Bundel-
khand ; and is famous for having called in the aid of the Mahrattas against
the Mughal Power, and having adopted the Peshwa as one of his sons, who
thereby acquired a third of his dominions, and a footing in Bundelkhand.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 291
Chhatrasal's eldest son, Hardi Sah, succeeded him at Panna ; and he had
two sons, the elder of whom became Raja of Panna, while the younger,
Salim Singh, became Diwan of Lughasi. His son, the Diwan Dhiraj Singh,
received a sanad from the British Government in 1808. Three generations
have intervened between Dhiraj Singh and the present Chief. In 1857 the
Diwan Sardar Singh, of Lughasi was loyal to the Government during the time
of the Mutiny, though half the villages of the State were laid waste by the
rebels in consequence of his fidelity. As a reward for these services, the
Diwan received the hereditary title of Rao Bahadur at the Cawnpur Darbar
of 1859, together with a khilat, a valuable jdgir, and a sanad authorising the
privilege of adoption. The present Rao Bahadur is grandson of Sardar
Singh. The area of the State is 47 square miles; its population 6159,
chiefly Hindus. The Rao Bahadur maintains a military force of 6 cavalry,
78 infantry, and 7 guns.
Residence. Lugha'si, Bundelkhand, Central India.
LUNAWARA, MAHARANA SHRI SIR WAKHATSINGHJI,
K.C.I.B., Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born nth August 1860 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 7th October
1867. Belongs to the family of the great Solanki clan of Rajputs, claiming
descent from Sidraj Jaisingh, the ruler of Anhalwara Patan and Gujarat. The
Maharana's ancestors are said to have established themselves as Chiefs of
Virpur in 1225 A.D. ; and in 1434 A.D. Rana Bhimsinghji removed to Luna-
wara across the Mahi. The State was tributary both to Baroda and to
Gwalior ; but the rights of the latter were transferred to the British Govern-
ment in 1 86 1. The Maharana was educated at the Rajkumar College,
Rajkot; and was installed as ruler in August 1880 on attaining his majority.
He was created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, 25th May 1889. The area of the State is 388 square miles;
its population about 76,000, chiefly Hindus, but including over 3000
Muhammadans. The Maharana maintains a military force of 201 cavalry,
295 infantry, and 40 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Luna"wa"ra, Rewa* Ka"ntha, Bombay.
LUTF ALI KHAN, SAYYID, O.I.B., Nawdb.
The title of Nawab was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal
distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious
Majesty. The Nawab has also been created a Companion of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence. Patna.
LWE-E, MAUNG KYI, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma
frontier, which has an area of about 30 square miles. Its population
consists almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Lwe-e, Shan States, Burma.
292 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
LWELON, MAUNG KAN CHOK, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier ;
its area is about 400 square miles. The population consists almost entirely
of Shans.
Residence. Lwelon, Shan States, Burma.
LWBMAW, MAUNG SHWB PYI, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma
frontier; the area of which is about 25 square miles. The population
consists almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Lwemaw, Shan States, Burma.
MADAD ALI, MIR, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1819. The title was conferred on i ith January 1869, as a personal
distinction, together with a khilat. Belongs to the family of Barha Sayyids
of Muzaffarnagar. Rendered good service for thirty-three years as Tahsildar
and Deputy Collector ; and in recognition of his services during the Mutiny
he received a khilat and a grant of land.
Residence. Allahabad, North-Western Provinces.
MAD AN GOPAL (of Padrauna), Rai.
Born 1829. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family of Kurmis,
claiming descent from the celebrated Mayyura Misra, being thus connected
with the families of the Rajas of Majhauli and Tamkuhi (q.v.) Rai Isri
Partab rendered good service in the Mutiny, and was an Honorary Magistrate
for ten years before his death, when he was succeeded by his son, the pre-
sent Rai.
Residence. Padrauna, Gorakhpur, North-Western Provinces.
MADAN MOHAN BAISAK, Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, 2nd January
1893, for eminent services in the Postal Department.
Residence. C alcutta.
MADHAN, Chief of.
Is a feudatory of the Raja of Keonthal (g.v.\ and rules over one of the
Simla Hill States.
Residence. Madhan, Simla Hills, Punjab.
MADHAVA RAO, SIR TANJORB, K.C.S.I., Rdjd.
The title of Raja was conferred on ist January 1877, as a personal
distinction, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India ; at which time Sir Madhava Rao was Diwan
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
293
or Prime Minister of Baroda (q.v.) Sir Madhava is well known, not in
India alone, but throughout the British Empire, as one of the ablest, most
distinguished, and most patriotic of modern Indian Statesmen. His early
years were largely devoted to the service of the State of Travancore, where
he was guardian and tutor of the Maharaja, and where his abilities were con-
spicuously displayed in the development of that State. He was selected by
the Government of India for the difficult and important post of Prime
Minister of Baroda at a great crisis in the history of that State ; and his
admirable services have been abundantly recognised, both by His Highness
the Gaekwar, and by the Government of India.
Residence. M adras.
MADHAVRAO JANOJI PUAR, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on Qth April 1883.
Residence. Na*sik, Bombay.
MADHAVRAO MALHARRAO (of Nagar), Viskwasrao.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. KMndesh, Bombay.
MADHAVRAO SOMAJI MORE, Rao Bahadur.
Granted the title, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893, for
eminent services in the Salt Department.
Residence. B ombay.
MADHO PRASAD SINGH (of Adharganj), Rai.
Born nth October 1847. The title is hereditary, the Rai being the
representative of the great Bachgoti sept of Rajputs, sprung from the ancient
and illustrious family of the Chauhan Rajputs of
Mainpuri (q.v.) The sept having incurred the
excessive wrath of the Emperor Ala -ud- din of
Delhi, who vowed its extermination, the survivors
emigrated, and for safety's sake adopted the name
of Vasishtagoti (contracted into Batasgoti, and
ultimately Bachgoti), from the saint who called
forth their ancestor (the Agnikula) from the fire to
defend the Munis of Mount Abu against the
demons. The Chief, Bariar Singh, descendant
of Chahir Deo, Prithvi Raj's brother, left Sambhal-
garh, and wandering eastward, settled about 1248
A.D. in Sultanpur, Oudh. He married the
daughter of Raja Ram Deo, Bhilkaria, Chief
of Patti, became chief military officer under
the Raja, and ultimately dispossessed his brother-in-law, and seized
the territory. His descendant, Bodh Singh, received the title of Rai
The Santak of the Chauhan
Rajputs, called Cfiakra, used
in the seal and for signature.
(A circle with four Trisulas or
Tridents as radii at the car-
dinal points.)
294 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
from the Hasanpur Raja of Sultanpur, and aiding the Nawab Shuja-ud-
daula in his war against the British, was defeated with him at the battle
of Baksar in 1775 A.D. His grandson, Rai Mihrban Singh, was driven
into exile by the Nawab, and his fort of Kot Bhilkar was sacked by the latter
about the year 1780. His three sons, who in turn succeeded, gradually re-
acquired much of the family property. The youngest, Rai Sitla Bakhsh, was
succeeded by his elder son, Rai Kalka Bakhsh Singh ; and the latter by his
brother, the present Rai, on 23rd November 1857. He is an Honorary
Magistrate and an Assistant Collector.
Residence. Dalippur, Partabgarh, Oudh.
MADHO RAO, Rao and Potddr.
Born 3ist January 1832. The title is hereditary, having being originally
conferred by the old Mahratta Government of Sagar. The Rao's grandfather
was an important officer of that Government ; and he was succeeded by his
son, the Rao Lachman Rao, who was appointed Mamlatdar of Narsinghpur,
and received a political pension from the British Government on the cession.
He was succeeded by his widow, the Mussamat Parvati Bai, who still enjoys
a pension ; and the Mussamat adopted the present Rao.
Residence. Sagar, Central Provinces.
MADHO SINGH (of Amethi), Rdjd.
Bom 2pth November 1823. The title is hereditary, having been in the
family from early times. Is the Chief of the Bandhalgoti sept of Rajputs,
claiming descent from Suda Rai, a scion of the Kachhwaha (Surajvansi)
dynasty of Jaipur (q.v.\ who is said to have migrated from Narwargarh,
conquered the Bhars of Amethi, and built a fort at Raipur. The sixth in
descent from him was Mandhata Singh, who was childless ; but with the aid
of a saint's prayers a son was born to him, who was called Bandhu, in
memory of the circumstances of his birth whence the clan name of Band-
hugoti or Bandhalgoti. Raja Gurdat Singh in 1743 was besieged at Raipur
by the Nawab Safdar Jang ; Raipur was taken and destroyed, and the Raja
escaped to Ramnagar, which thenceforward became his headquarters. His
grandson was the Raja Hara Chand Singh, who was the grandfather of the
late Raja Bisheswar Singh, and also of the present Raja. On Bisheswar
Singh's dying childless in 1842, he was succeeded by his cousin, the present
Raja. In the time of the Mutiny in 1857 the Raja at first distinguished
himself by protecting the refugees from Sultanpur, whom he safely conducted
to Allahabad. Later, however, he joined the rebels; but in August 1858 he
surrendered his fort at Amethi, and was ultimately pardoned. In 1860 he
was made a Magistrate. He has a son and heir, Lai Lachhman Singh.
Residence. Amethi, Sultanpur, Oudh.
MADHO SINGH, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1821. The title was conferred on 24th May 1883, as a personal
distinction. Belongs to a Kshatriya family of the Bais clan, whose ancestors
nine generations ago came from Baiswara in Oudh, and settled in the Jaunpur
district. The Rai Bahadur rendered valuable service during the time of the
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 295
Mutiny in 1857, and from the first boldly took the side of the Government.
He rendered every assistance to Government, and protected the lives and
property of several indigo-planters ; for these services he received a sanad
and a grant of land, and subsequently the title of Rai Bahadur.
Residence. Jaunpur, North- Western Provinces.
MADHO SINGH, THAKUR, Rao Saheb.
The title was conferred on ist January 1877, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India.
Residence. Kharwa, Central Provinces.
MAGORI, THAKUR HIMATSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born ist March 1832 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor on the death
of his father, the late Thakur Fatehsinghji, 2nd February 1835. The Thakur
belongs to the illustrious family of the Chiefs of the Rahtor clan of Rajputs,
claiming descent from the legendary hero Rama, and the ancient Rahtor
Emperors of Kanauj of the Suryavansi or Solar race, through the House of
Idar ; the founder of the Magori family, Ratansinghji, having been a younger
son of a Rawal of Malpur (q.v.), who was descended from a younger son of
one of the ancient Raos of Idar (j.v.\ who in turn was descended from the
second son of the last Rahtor sovereign of Kanauj. Certain payments called
kichri are made annually by this State to Idar. The Thakur has two sons,
Kunwars Mokhamsinghji and Daulatsinghji. The area of the State is 75
square miles; its population 3076, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Magori, Malii Kdntha, Bombay.
MAHA SINGH (of Kharsal), Sarddr.
Born 1849. The title is hereditary.
The Sardar Maha Singh belongs to a
Gond (aboriginal) family, claiming descent
from Urdhabo Gond, a soldier of fortune
who came from Garha-Mandla, and settled
in Sambalpur, acquiring &jdgirfor military
services from the reigning Raja of Sam-
balpur. The head of this family uses the
Gond device as a signature.
Residence. Kharsal, Sambalpur, Central
Provinces.
MAHAB ALI walad ABBAS ALI KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Sind.
296 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MAHABIR PRASHAD SAH, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on loth September 1875, f r his
liberality during the famine of 1873-74, and in recognition of the good
services of his family to the Government.
Residence. Sdran, Bengal.
MAHADA JI BALLAL LAGHATB, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Bombay.
MAHADBO GOVIND RANADE, C.I.B., Rao Bahadur.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire i5th February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of
Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. B ombay.
MAHADEV WASUDEV BARVE, C.I.E., Rai Bahadur.
The title of Rai Bahadur is personal, and was conferred on ist January
1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India. The Rai Bahadur has been created a Companion of the
Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
MAHARAJ SINGH (of Haldaur), Rdjd Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878.
Residence. Bijnaur, North-Western Provinces.
MAHARAJ SINGH (of Patan), Rao.
The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by the Mughal
Emperor of Delhi, through the Subahdar Ghairat Khan, for good services in
capturing the fortress of Dhamoni. Belongs to the same family as that of the
Rao Bhopal Singh of Sehora, in Sagar district. The Rao Maharaj Singh is
the son of the late Rao Khuman Singh of Patan, whom he succeeded.
Residence. Patan, Sdgar, Central Provinces.
MAHARAJ SINGH, THAKUR, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on aoth May 1890.
Residence. Sa~gar, Central Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 297
MAHARAM, KISON SINGH, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859; succeeded to the gadi i5th December 1877. The Seim is
the Chief of one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, under the Chief Com-
missioner of Assam; its population is 7591, consisting chiefly of Khasis
and Christians.
Residence. Maharam, Khdsi Hills, Assam.
MAHBUB BAKHSH, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1879.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
MAHBUB KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1884.
Residence. Muzaffargarh, Punjab.
MAHBNDRA LAL KHAN, Rdjd. See Midnapur, Rdjd of.
MAHENDRA LAL SIRCAR, C.I.B.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1883.
2 9 S
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MAHBNDRA MAHENDRA SINGH, RAJA (of Bhadawar),
C.I.B., Maharaja.
Born 26th September 1835. The title of Mahardja is personal, and
was conferred on 25th July 1881 ; but the title of Raja of Bhadawar is here-
ditary, and the Maharaja is the present head and
representative of one of the greatest and most
powerful historical families of the North- Western
Provinces. He is the Chief of the Bhadauriya
sept of the illustrious Chauhan clan of Rajputs ;
has married a sister of the Raja of Mainpuri, who
is the Chief of all the Chauhans, and has a son and
heir, Maharajkumar Mahendra Sumrat Singh, born
nth October 1875.' The Maharaja has been
exempted from personal appearance in the Civil
The santak of the Chauhan Courts, and (together with his retainers) from the
Rajputs, called Ckakra, used r i ' c ^ A A 4
in the seal and for signature, operation of certain provisions of the Arms Act.
(A circle with four Trisuias or H e was created a Companion of the Most Eminent
Tridents as radii at the car- r i T j - ; ^ -\/r o
dinai points.) Order of the Indian Empire, 3001 May 1891.
Achal Deo was the ancestor of the Bhadawar
family at the time of Timur's invasion, and he appears to have given
the name of Bhadauriya to his sept of Rajputs, from the village of
Bhadaura, on the right bank of the Jumna, in the Agra district. In the
time of the Emperor Akbar, Rajao Rawat, then the head of the family,
slew a famous Meo freebooter named Haitu, and obtained great honours
and rewards from the Great Mughal, including the title of "Mahendra,"
Lord of the Earth. In the Ain-i-Akbari of Abul Fazl, the grandson of
Rajao Rawat is entered as a mansabddr of 500, with the title of Raja.
At the Court of the Emperor Shah Jahan, the Raja Padam Singh,
Bhadauriya, was a mansabddr of 1500. Azam Shah, the son of Aurangzeb,
and the Emperor Muhammad Shah, granted sanads to the family, copies
of which are in existence. During the palmy days of the Mughal Empire
the Raja of Bhadawar was reckoned, with the Rajas of Jaipur, Jodhpur,
and Bundi, as one of the four Hindu "Pillars of the Empire"; and the
history of the family is full and interesting. In the time of Lord Lake's
campaigns against the Mahrattas, and subsequently, the Rajas of Bhadawar
rendered valuable aid to the British arms. The late Raja Samait Singh, who
died without issue in 1840, was the son of Raja Partab Singh; and the
present Maharaja was the adopted son of Raja Samait Singh, and succeeded
him. The Maharaja " showed conspicuous zeal and loyalty " during the period
of the Mutiny of 1857 ; his levies barred the way of the mutineers through his
territories, and successfully guarded the ghats of the Chambal and Jumna.
Residence. Naugaon, Agra District, North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 299
MAHESH CHANDRA CHAKRAVARTTI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2pth May 1886.
Residence. Jessore, Bengal.
MAHESH CHANDRA NYAYARATNA, C.I.E.,
Mahdmahopddhydya.
The title of Mahamahopadhyaya was conferred as a personal distinction
on 1 6th February 1887, on tne occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty, for eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him
to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Rajas. The Mahamahopad-
hyaya, who is one of the most distinguished Sanskrit scholars in India,
belongs to a Kulin Brahman family of the highest rank, the Bhattacharyya
family of Narit, which has long been distinguished for the zealous cultivation
of Sanskrit learning, and the number of learned Pandits it has produced.
His father, Harinarayana Tarkasiddhanta, and his two uncles, Guruprasada
Tarkapanchanana and Thakurdasa Chiiramani, were eminent Pandits. He
married, in the year 1848, the daughter of Pandit Ram Chand Tarkabagis of
Sonagachi, in the Jehanabad subdivision of the district of Hugli. He has
a brother, Pandit Madhabchandra Sarbabhauina, Sabha Pandit of Moisadal
Raj. He has a daughter and three sons Manmathanath Vidyaratna, M.A.
(of the Financial Department of the Government of India), born April 1863;
Munindranath Bhattacharyya, M.A., B.L. (Vakil of the High Court of
Calcutta), born February 1868; and Mahimanath Bhattacharyya, B.A.,
born April 1870. He was created a Companion of the Most Eminent
Order of the Indian Empire, 24th May 1881 ; and the estimation in which
he is held by Indian scholars is marked by his title of " Nyayaratna." He
succeeded, after an interval, Professor E.B. Cowell (now Professor of Sanskrit
in the University of Cambridge) as Principal of the Sanskrit College of
Calcutta. During the tenure of the Principalship he has taken the initiative
in the institution, by the Government of Bengal, of an examination, called the
Sanskrit Title Examination, for the conferment of titles on meritorious
students of special departments of Sanskrit learning. To this examination
are admitted students from indigenous institutions (called Chatuspathis or
Tols) as well as from the special classes that have been organised in connec-
tion with the Sanskrit College. The Title Examination has been the means
of stimulating in some measure, all over Bengal, the rather waning zeal
for the cultivation of Sanskrit learning. The titles given Nyayaratna,
Vidyaratna, etc. are those of the ancient Sanskrit Pandits in the Universities
of Nadiya, Benares, and elsewhere. He has edited, with copious Notes, the
Kdvya Prakds ; also the Mimdnsd Darsana, and the Black Yajur Veda. He
has written many pamphlets, such as Remarks on Daydnanda Sarasvati's
Veda-Bhdshya, Tulasidhdrana Mimdnsd, The Authorship of Mrichchhakatika,
Lupta Samvatsara. He has done much for the general encouragement of
Sanskrit learning ; and also, by pecuniary help and otherwise, in furtherance
of famine-relief, the promotion of education, and the opening out of means
of communication. He maintains a secondary school (a High Anglo-
Sanskrit School) at his native village of Narit ; and he has not only greatly
improved the roads in and near about this village, but has taken a leading
3 oo THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
part in the opening out of good roads and tramways in his native District.
The Mahamahopadhyaya is a Member of the Bengal Asiatic Society, the
Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, the Calcutta University,
the Board of Examiners, the Central Text Book Committee of Bengal, the
Behar Sanskrit Samaj and the Anthropological Society of Bombay ; and he
has lately been elected a Foreign Member of the Hungarian Academy of
Sciences at Buda-Pesth. He is also Joint-Secretary of the Hindu Hostel
Committee, a Member of the Bethune (Girls') College Committee, and a
Visitor of the Government Engineering College at Sibpur in the neighbour-
hood of Calcutta.
Residences. Calcutta ; and Ndrit, Amta, Howrah.
MAHESH SITLA BAKHSH SINGH (of Basti), Rdjd.
Born 1848. The title is hereditary, the Rajas of Basti belonging to a
Kshatriya family claiming descent from a scion of the ancient Rajas of
Kalhans. The founder of the latter family was Sej, who, with Tej his brother,
in the i4th century came to Oudh and conquered the territories of the
Dom Raja of Gonda. Tenth in descent from Sej was Raja Achal Singh,
who granted Basti to his cousin, ancestor of the present Raja. The Raja
has two sons Lai Patesir Partab Narayan Singh, born 8th August 1870 ; and
Babu Bhavaneshwari Partab Narayan Singh, born 23rd February 1873.
Residence. Basti, North- Western Provinces.
MAHBSHWAR PRASAD SINGH, Mahdrdj-kumdr Rao.
Is the brother of the Maharaja Bahadur of Gidhaur in Bengal. Educated
in Sanskrit, Persian, Hindi, and English.
Residence. Gidhaur, Bengal.
MAHIMA RANJAN RAI CHAUDHRI, Rdjd.
Born 3rd February 1854. The title was conferred on i6th February
1887, as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee*of the reign of
Her Most Gracious Majesty. The Raja is the son of the late Babu Sambhu
Chandra Rai Chaudhri. Belongs to the Chaudhri family of Kakina, Rang-
pur, whose ancestors first settled in the district in the reign of Charles I., at
which period Rama Nath Chaki was in the service of the Raja of Kuch
Behar. His son, Raghu Ram, became the Sendpati or Commander-in-Chief
of the Kuch Behar forces. His son, Ram Narayan, became the first Zamin-
dar of Kakina under the Mughals when they gained possession of Rangpur
in 1687, and obtained the title of Chaudhri ; he died in 1710. His son,
Raja" Rai Chaudhri, and his grandson, Rudra Rai Chaudhri, followed in suc-
cession ; the latter died in 1768, shortly after the passing of Rangpur into
British possession. His son, Rasik Rai Chaudhri, died in 1770, leaving a
minor son and heir; his widow, Alaknanda Chaudhurani, successfully ad-
ministered the Zamindari until her son, Ram Rudra Rai Chaudhri, succeeded
in 1784. The latter, who was distinguished as a philanthropist and scholar,
died in 1820, and was succeeded in turn by his eldest son and grandson;
the latter dying without issue in 1850 was followed by his cousin Sambhu
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 301
Chandra Rai Chaudhri (son of Ram Rudra's younger son), mentioned above
as the father of the present Raja. He was renowned as a Vedanta scholar,
and a friend to Sanskrit learning ; he founded a Bengali press, and kept a
number of Pandits engaged in translating Sanskrit works into Persian, and
vice versa. His son, the present Raja, educated at Rangpur School, suc-
ceeded to the estate as a minor ; attained his majority in 1871. Has founded
several schools and charitable institutions ; is a poet, author, and speaker on
religious and political subjects, and a composer of many national songs. He
married in 1868 Man Mohini Rai Chaudhurani, and has issue, a son, Kumar
Mahendra Ranjan Rai Chaudhri, born igth September 1874. The family
crest is an angel, volant, proper ; the motto Nisi Dominus frustra.
Residences. Ra~jba"ri, Kakina ; Rangpur, Benares.
MAHIP SINGH (of SaJiyA), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by the Raja
Hindi Shah, Gond Raja of Garha-Mandla. Belongs to a family claiming
descent from Tej Singh, of Tejgarh, in the Damoh district of the Central
Provinces. Raja Chandra Hans received the title of Raja, and some lands
in the Jabalpur district, from Raja Hindi Shah of Garha-Mandla, for services
rendered in demolishing Nanagarh, a fort in the Bilaspur district. Raja
Chandra Hans was succeeded by his son, who was the father of the present
Raja.
Residence. Saliya", Jabalpur, Central. Provinces.
MAHIPATRAM RUPRAM NILKANTH, C.I.B., Rao Saheb.
The title of Rao Saheb is personal, and was conferred on the 26th
March 1861. The Rao Saheb has also been created a Companion of the
Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
MAHLOG, THAKUR RAGHNATH CHAND, Thdkurof.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 86 1 ; succeeded to the gadi i6th May 1880. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from the Rajput Chief Rana Hari
Chand, who in early times came on a pilgrimage, conquered the country, and
founded the State of Mahlog. The Gurkhas overran the district between
1803 and 1815 ; and on their expulsion in the latter year by the British
Power, the Thakur was confirmed in the possession of his State by a sanad
from the British Government, dated 4th September 1815. Thirty-four
generations of chiefs intervened between Rana Hari Chand and the late
Thakur Dalip Chand, who succeeded to the gadi in. 1849, an d died in 1880.
Mahlog is one of the Simla Hill States, and its area is 53 square miles; its
population about 9169, chiefly Hindus. The Thakur maintains a military
force of 30 men.
Residence. Mahlog, Simla Hills, Punjab.
302 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MAHMUD JILANI, SHAIKH, Shams-ul-Ulama.
This title is a personal one, and was conferred on i6th February 1887,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty,
for eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MAHMUD KHAN, MIR (of Kalat), C.I.B.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1878.
Residence. Kala~t, Baluchistan.
MAHMUDABAD, Rdjd of. See Muhammad Amir Hasan Khan.
MAHOMED. See Muhammad.
MAHOMET. See Muhammad.
MAHTAB KUNWAR (of Katiari), Rdni.
The title of Raja was conferred, as a personal distinction, on the late
Raja Tilak Singh of Katiari, in the district of Hardoi, Oudh, on the 23rd
of April 1878. The Raja has recently died, and his widow, the Rani, has
succeeded him.
Residence. Katidri, Hardoi, Oudh.
MAHTAB SINGH (of Lidhran), ' Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar being a descendant of Sardar Jai Singh,
who joined the Nishanwala misl or confederacy which opposed Zain Khan,
the Governor of Sirhind, who was slain in battle. Sardar Jai Singh obtained
considerable territories in Lidhran, Ludhiana, and in Kharar, Ambala, about
1759 A.D. On the invasion of Ahmad Shah Durani he fled to the hills, and
lost some of his Ambala possessions, which before his return had fallen into
the hands of the Mahardja of Patiala. He was succeeded by his only son,
Sardar Charat Singh, who had three wives, by each of whom he had children,
who succeeded to his estate in accordance with the rule of Chanda Vanda,
which is the custom of this family. Sardar Mahtab Singh is the son of the
Sardar Budh Singh, who was born in 1812, and rendered excellent service
to Government during the Mutiny of 1857, for which he received a suitable
reward.
Residence. Lidhra'n, Ludhidna, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 303
MAIHAR, RAJA RAGHBIR SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1843; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1852. Belongs to a
Jogi (mendicant ascetic) family of Hindus; descended from Beni Hazuri,
who was in the service of the Bundela Raja of Panna, and ultimately obtained
from his master thejdgir of Maihar, with the title of Rais. When Baghel-
khand became British territory by the Treaty of Bassein in 1802, Durjan
Singh, the youngest son of Beni Hazuri, was in possession of Maihar, and
he was confirmed by the British Government. The grandfather of the
present Raja was the grandson of Durjan Singh. The Raja Raghbir Singh
obtained the title of Raja, in place of the older title of Rais, on 1 4th February
1869; he has a son and heir, named Jadbir Singh. The area of the State
is 400 square miles; its population is 71,709, chiefly Hindus, but including
more than 10,000 belonging to aboriginal tribes. The Raja maintains a
military force of 8 cavalry, 227 infantry, and 7 guns; and is entitled to a
salute of 9 guns.
Residence. Maihar, Baghelkhand, Central India.
MAING KAING, KUN HMON, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 800 square miles, and a population consisting
almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Maing Kaing, Shan States, Burma.
MAING NAUNG, KUN TUN, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 900 square miles, and a population consisting
mainly of Shans, with a few Yins.
Residence. Maing Naung, Shan States, Burma.
MAING PAN, KUN HLAING, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier.
This State has four considerable feudatory States on the other side of the
Salwin river, named Maing Han, Maing Sut, Maing Ta, and Maing Tun.
Including these its area is about 3000 square miles ; and most of the
Sawbwa's subjects are Shans.
Residence. Maing Pan, Shan States, Burma.
304 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MAING PUN, KUN TI, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 800 square miles, and a population consisting
mainly of Shans.
Residence. Maing Pun, Shan States, Burma.
MAING SEIK, KUN PWIN, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 4000 square miles (more than three-fourths as
large as the kingdom of Saxony), and a population consisting almost entirely
of Shans.
Residence. Maing Seik, Shan States, Burma.
MAING SHU, KUN MAHA, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 100 square miles, and a population consisting
mainly of Shans, with a good many Yins.
Residence. Maing Shu, Shan States, Burma.
MAING SIN, KUN KYAW, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 50 square miles, and a population consisting
largely of Shans, with some Yins.
Residence. Maing Sin, Shan States, Burma.
MAINPURI, Rdjd of. See Rampartab Singh of Mainpuri, Rdjd.
MAJHAULI, Rdjd of. See Udai Narayan Mai of Majhauli, Rdjd.
MAKAT SINGH, Rao.
Born 1832. The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred on
the Thakur ancestors of the Rao Makat Singh by the Raja Gyan Chand, and
having long been recognised. The Rao has two grandsons Lai Singh, born
28th June 1869; and Ladan Singh, born 2nd April 1874.
Residence. Cawnpur, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 305
MAKRAI, RAJA BHARAT SAH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1846; succeeded to the gadi 5th December 1866. Belongs to a
very ancient Gond (aboriginal) family, in which the title of " Raja Hatiya
Rai," originally conferred by the Emperor of Delhi, has been held from time
immemorial. The Raja is entitled to be attended by a red-coloured flag as
a banner, and a dhanka or drum. The State has an area of 155 square
miles; and a population of 16,764, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Makrai, Hoshangabad, Central Provinces.
MAKSUD ALI KHAN, MAULAVI, Khan Bahadur, Wall Kddr.
Born 1 2th July 1829. The title of Khan Bahadur was conferred on ist
January 1886, and that of Wali Kadr on 2nd January 1888, both as personal
distinctions, and in recognition of the position and eminent services to the
Government of the Maulavi and his family. Belongs to a Pathan (Umarkhel)
family of the Muhammadans, long resident in Shahjahanpur, well known
for their loyalty, many members of which have rendered good service in
the Judicial Service, The Khan Bahadur was appointed to the Judicial
Service in 1851 ; and when at Gajner during the Mutiny of 1857 he saved
the records of his office from the rebels. On retirement from the Govern-
ment service he acted for some time as Chief Justice of the State of Bhopal.
Residence. Shdhjahdnpur, North- Western Provinces.
MAKSUDANGARH, RAJA RAGHUNATH SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1849; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in November 1865.
Belongs to a Khichi Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from Raja
Durjan Sal, an ancient Khichi chief of the Rajputs. The State is a feudatory
of Gwalior; its population is about 12,000, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Maksudangarh, Bhopal, Central India.
MALAISOHMAT, U. LAT SINGH, Sam of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1859 ; succeeded to the gadi loth April 1890. The Seim is Chief
of one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, under the Chief Commissioner
of Assam; its population is about 450, consisting chiefly of Khasis and
Christian converts.
Residence. Malaisohmat, Khdsi Hills, Assam.
MALAK RAJ, Rai Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence.
x
306 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MALBR KOTLA, HIS HIGHNESS NAWAB MUHAMMAD
IBRAHIM ALI KHAN BAHADUR, Nawdb Bahadur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1858; succeeded to the gadi i6th July 1871. Belongs to an
Afghan family, whose ancestor, Shaikh Sadr-ud-din, came from Kabul about
the end of the i5th century, and obtained in marriage a daughter of the
Afghan Emperor of Delhi, with a territory in the province of Sirhind as her
dowry. Fifth in descent from him was Bazid Khan, who obtained the title
of Nawab from the Emperor Alamgir, and founded the town of Maler Kotla
in 1657 A.D. The State gradually became independent during the decay of
the Imperial power of Delhi in the i8th century, but being under Afghan
and Muhammadan rulers, it was frequently involved in feuds with its Sikh
neighbours, and especially with the powerful Chiefs of Patiala. In 1732 the
Nawab Jamal Khan aided the Imperialist troops against Raja Ala Singh of
Patiala; and again in 1761 the same Nawab aided the forces of Ahmad
Shah Durani against the Sikhs. Jamal Khan's son, however, the Nawab
Bhikan Khan, experienced the vengeance of the Sikhs ; and being hard
pressed by the forces of the Raja Amar Singh of Patiala, was forced to sign
a treaty, under which peace ensued for many years. In 1787 the Raja of
Patiala aided the Nawab of Maler Kotla against the Sikh Sardar of Bhadaur.
In 1794 a combination of Sikh Sardars attacked Maler Kotla under the
Bedi Saheb Singh, a descendant of the great Sikh Guru, Baba Nanak.
The Nawab was besieged in Maler Kotla, and reduced to extremities, when
he was saved from destruction by the intervention of the Raja of Patiala.
In General Lake's campaigns against the Mahrattas, the Nawab of Maler
Kotla joined the British army with all his followers; and in 1809 was taken
under British protection, and guaranteed against the encroachments of the
Mahdraja Ranjit Singh of Lahore. The late Nawab, Sikandar Ali Khan, in
1862, obtained the assurance of the British Government that any succession
in accordance with Muhammadan law would be respected ; and accordingly,
when he died without issue in 1871, he was succeeded by the present Nawab,
the heir of a collateral branch of the family. The area of the State is 164
square miles; its population is about 71,000, of whom the Sikhs number
about 28,000, the Muhammadans about 24,000, and the Hindus about
16,000. The Nawab enjoys the title of "His Highness" as a personal
distinction. He maintains a military force of 60 cavalry, 228 infantry, and
6 guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns, including 2 guns which were
added to the salute as a personal distinction on ist January 1877, on tne
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Ma"ler Kotla, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA -307
MALHAR RAO, INGLI, Rao.
Born 1827. The title is hereditary, the family having been the rulers
of Jabalpur district during the time of the Mahratta Government. The Rao
possesses a sanad of the time of the Emperor Shah Alam, which styles his
ancestor Raja Ambaji Bahadur Ingli, and shows that at a Darbar held by
the Emperor Shah Alam a very high position was conferred on this family,
and the management of several tdlukas entrusted to them. Rao Gangadhar
Ingli, father of the present Rao, was ruler of Jabalpur under the Mahratta
Government.
Residence. Jabalpur, Central Provinces.
MALIA, THAKUR MODHJI MULVAJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born ist July 1846 ; succeeded to the gadi 23rd June 1875. Belongs
to the great Jareja Rajput (Hindu) family which has given ruling Houses to
Kutch, Nawanagar, and Morvi ; the Malia family being an offshoot of the
Morvi branch. The Thakur has a son and heir named Raisinghji. The
area of the State is 102 square miles; its population 11,224, chiefly Hindus.
The Thakur maintains a military force of 25 cavalry, 49 infantry, and i gun.
Residence. Malia, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay.
MALLIBM, HAIN MANIK, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1843 y succeeded to the gadi i6th December 1868. The Seim is
Chief of one 'of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, under the Chief Com-
missioner of Assam; its population is 12,338, consisting chiefly of Khasis
and Christian converts.
Residence. Malliem (or Mylliem), KMsi Hills, Assam.
MALPUR, RAWAL DIPSINGH JI SHBOSINGHJI, Rdwal of. '<
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1863; succeeded to the gadi i2th April 1882, on the death of
his father, the late Rawal Sheosinghji Khumansinghji. The Rawal belongs
to the illustrious family of the Chiefs of the Rahtor clan of Rajputs, claiming
descent from the legendary hero Rama and the ancient Rahtor Emperors of
Kanauj of the Suryavansi or Solar race, through the ancient Raos of Idar.
The Rawal is the direct descendant of Rawal Virajmal, the founder of the
Malpur State, who was a younger son of Kirathsinghji, eighth Rao of Idar.
The area of the State, which is tributary to Baroda, and pays kichri to Idar,
is 324 square miles; its population 14,009, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Mdlpur, Ma"hi Kdntha, Bombay.
MAN, MAUNG, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min.
The title (which is indicated by the letters T.D.M. after the name) is
personal, and was conferred on 20th May 1890. It means " Recipient of
the Silver Sword for Bravery."
Residence. Prome, Burma.
3 o8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MAN SINGH, C.I.E., Sarddr Bahadur.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1886.
Residence. Punjab.
MAN SINGH (of Sarwan), Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist October 1879.
Residence. Ratla"m, Central India.
MAN SINGH, SODHI, Sarddr Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 24th May 1882, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Firozpur, Punjab.
MAN SINGH, THAKUR, Rai Bahadur.
The title of Rai Bahadur is personal, and was conferred on i2th March
1875, m recognition of the excellent services rendered by the Thakur in the
famine of 1873-74.
Residence. Sukpur, Bha"galpur, Bengal.
MANA SINGH (of Mokal), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the head of the Mokal family of
Sindhu Jats, whose ancestors rose to considerable power and importance
during the reign of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Sardar Bela Singh (cousin
of Sardar Kahan Singh, Mana Singh's father), with his son Surjan Singh,
fought on the Sikh side at the battles of Mudki, Firuzshahr, and Sobraon ;
and Bela Singh, severely wounded at Sobraon, was drowned in the Sutlej in the
vain attempt to ford the river after the bridge-of-boats had been broken down.
In 1858 Sardar Mana Singh was appointed an officer of the 5th Banda
Military Police ; and in September he greatly distinguished himself by the
gallantry with which he led his troop against very superior numbers of the
enemy when he was wounded in the head, and his horse was wounded
under him. On his retirement in 1861 he was made Honorary Police
Magistrate of twenty-eight villages in the neighbourhood of his ancestral seat
of Mokal; and in 1862 received a considerable grant of land. He has
three sons (i) Narayan Singh, born 1849; ( 2 ) Partab Singh, born 1852;
(3) Lai Singh, born 1855.
Residence. Mokal, Lahore, Punjab.
MANA VARMA RAJA, Rdjd. See Kadattanad.
MANA VIKRAMA BAHADUR, K.C.S.I. (of Calicut),
Maharaja Sir, Zamorin. See Cajicut.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 309
MANA VIKRAMA RAJA, Rdjd, The Eralpad.
Born 1832. "The Eralpad" is the courtesy title borne by the heir-
apparent to the Zamorin, or First Raja of Calicut, under the Marumakka-
tayam law of inheritance, by which the succession goes to the offspring of
the female members of the family, amongst whom the eldest male is the heir-
apparent. The Eralpad bears also the title of Second Raja of Calicut (see
Calicut).
Residence. Calicut, Malabar District, Madras.
MANCHBRJI KAWASJI MARZBAN, C.I.B., Khan Bahadur.
Born yth July 1839. The title was conferred on ist January 1877, as a
personal distinction, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. A respected member of the Parsi
community, the Khan Bahadur was educated at the Elphinstone High School,
the Poona College, and the Poona School of Engineering. Has rendered
distinguished service in the Public Works Department of Bombay, is a C.E.,
and the Executive Engineer of the Presidency City of Bombay, in recognition
whereof he has been created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of
the Indian Empire, as well as Khan Bahadur. Is a J.P. of Bombay; Fellow
of the Bombay University ; an Associate Member of the Institute of Civil
Engineering, and a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
Was elected President of the Municipal Corporation of the City of Bombay in
April 1890. Married Gulbai, daughter of Danaji Kueeoji, Mirza; and has
issue, a son, named Murzban, born 151)1 August 1858; and a daughter,
Mithibai, married to Jehangir D. Mugasett, Esq., of Calicut.
Residence. B ombay.
MANCHBRJI MBHRWANJI BHAUNAGRI, C.I.E.
Has acted as the representative of His Highness the Maharaja" of
Bhaunagar on many important occasions in England; and was created a
Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 28th June
1886, for his distinguished services both to the State of Bhaunagar and to
the Indian Empire. Is a Member of Council of the National Indian
Association and of other public bodies.
Residence. Bhaunagar, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay ; and Northbrook Indian Club,
London.
MANCHBRJI RUSTAMJI DHOLU, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Aden.
MANDAWAL, RAWAT KESRI SINGH, Rdwat of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1858 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1861. Belongs to a
Doria Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of the State is about 2000.
Residence. Manda"wal, Western Ma"lwa", Central India.
3 io THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MANDI, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA BUS SAIN BAHADUR,
Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1846; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 26th January 1851.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family of the Chandravansi or Lunar race ;
whose successive Rajas ruled from the earliest ages over the combined States
of Suket and Mandi, until the year 1200 A.D. About that time the reigning
Chief of Suket, named Sahu Sain, quarrelled with his younger brother ; the
latter left Suket to seek his fortunes elsewhere, and his descendant, Ajbar
Sain, founded the town of Mandi, and was the first Raja of this State. At
the time of the Gurkha invasion in 1803, Isri Sain was the Raja of Mandi;
he submitted to the invaders on condition of being left unmolested. After
the expulsion of the Gurkhas by the British Power in 1815, Mandi came
under the control of the Superintendent of the Hill States appointed by the
Sikh Government of Lahore; and it suffered greatly from the turbulence
of the Sikh army after the death of the Maharaja Ran jit Singh in 1839.
General Ventura, the Sikh commander, invaded the State, and reduced the
celebrated fort of Kamlagarh, and the Raja in vain besought the aid of the
British. But at last, about the time of the first Sikh war, the British
Government consented to intervene. In February 1846 the Raja Balbir
Sain formally tendered his allegiance. By the treaty of March 1846 with
the Sikhs, Mandi with the whole of the Jalandhar Doab was ceded to the
British Government ; and Raja Balbir Sain in October of the same year
received a sanad, confirming him in his possessions under conditions of
feudal service. Balbir Sain died in 1851, and was succeeded by his son, the
present Raja, then a minor. According to the traditions of the country
there were at one time no fewer than 300 fortresses in this State ; but of
these only about ten now exist in any preservation the most famous being
the hill-fort of Kamlagarh mentioned above. The area of the State is 1125
square miles; its population is about 140,000, chiefly Hindus, but including
more than 2000 Muhammadans. The Raja Bahadur maintains a military force
of 25 cavalry, 1600 infantry, and 10 guns; and is entitled to a salute of n
guns.
Residence. Mandi, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 311
MANDVA, RANA JITSINGH JI, Rdnd 'of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877; succeeded to the gadi as a minor i3th September 1890.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The area of the State is 7 square
miles.
Residence. Mandva, Rewa" Ka"ntha, Bombay.
MANBSHWAR BAKHSH SINGH (of Mallanpur), Rdjd.
Born 1850. The title of the family having been originally Rao, that of
Raja was recognised as hereditary in 1864, when the present Raja succeeded
to it as a minor. Belongs to a Raikwar family, descended from the Raikwars
of Baundi (see Sarabjit Singh, Raja). The founder of this branch" of the
family was Ratan Singh. About the year 1580 A.D. the family acquired
considerable possessions in the Sitapur district ; and subsequently extended
their territory into the districts of Kheri and Bahraich. Raja Maneshwar
Bakhsh Singh, Raikwar, was educated at Benares and^ Lucknow under the
Court of Wards, by whom his estates were managed for many years. He is
an Honorary Magistrate; and has a son and heir, Kunwar Debi Bakhsh
Singh.
Residence. Mallanpur, Kheri, Oudh.
MANGAL, RANA JIT SINGH, Rdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1830; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 9th November 1844.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The State was anciently a feudatory of
Kahlur (q.v.} ; but after the expulsion of the Gurkhas, who had overrun it
from 1803 to 1815, by the British Power, the latter declared Mangal to be
dependent only on the British Government. The sanad of the latter is dated
2oth December 1815. The Rana has a son and heir, named Tilok Singh.
The area of the State, which is one of the Simla Hill States, is 13 square
miles; its population is 1060, chiefly Hindus. The Rana maintains a
military force of 2 5 men.
Residence. Mangal, Simla Hills, Punjab.
MANGAL SINGH, C.I.B. (of Bhinai), Rdjd Bahadur.
The title was conferred on ist January 1877, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India.
Residence. Ajmir.
MANGAL SINGH, THAKUR (of Garhi), Rai Bahadur.
The title of Rai Bahadur is a personal one, and was conferred on ist
January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious
Majesty as Empress of India.
Residence. Alwar, Ra"jputa"na.
3 i2 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MANIBHAI JASBHAI, Diwdn Bahadur, His Excellency.
Prime Minister of Baroda.
Born 1844. The title of Diwan Bahadur was conferred, as a personal
distinction, on 3oth October 1884. His Excellency has rendered valuable
service to His Highness the Gaekwar, to His Highness the Rao of Kutch,
and in other States of Western India. Belongs to a Vadnagra Nagar
Brahman family of Nariad in Gujarat. In 1870 he was invited by His
Highness the Nawab of Junagadh to a seat in his Council ; and becoming
Chief Justice of that State, he introduced important reforms in the Judicial
and Police Departments. Between 1872 and 1876 he rendered admirable
service as native assistant to the Resident, first at Palanpur, and then at
Baroda; and on 25th September 1875, at a public Darbar held at Baroda,
the title of Rao Bahadur was conferred on him, together with a valuable
khilat. In May 1876 Mr. Manibhai was appointed Diwan of Kutch, at the
express desire of His late Highness the Maharaja Pragmalji, then Rao of
Kutch. Here he introduced great and most beneficial reforms in all
departments, especially in the collection of the revenue, and in education
and sanitation and his tact and judgment largely contributed to the settle-
ment of a long-standing dispute as to jurisdiction between the Rao and
his feudatories of the Royal House, the Bhayad. In 1884 he obtained the
title of Diwan Bahadur, with a valuable khilat. With a short interval,
during which he returned to the Baroda Service, he administered the govern-
ment of Kutch until the close of 1885 ; and on again returning to Baroda,
he received very substantial recognition of the value of his services from
His Highness the present Rao of Kutch. For more than four years he was
at the head of various departments in Baroda; and in May 1890 the
Maharaja Gaekwar appointed him Diwan or Prime Minister of that great
State. In Baroda his administration has been thoroughly successful, and he
has also published some important works in Gujarati and English. He has
issue, three daughters and two sons Motibhai (of the University of
Bombay), aged about twenty-four ; and Hirabhai, aged about fifteen.
Residence. Petlad, Baroda State.
MANIKJI KAWASJI DOTIVALA, Khdn Bahadur.
Granted the title of Khan Bahadur, as a personal distinction, in recog-
nition of eminent services rendered to the Public Works Department of
Bombay, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Bombay.
MANIPUR, RAJA CHURA CHAND, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1886; succeeded to \hzgadi i8th September 1891. Belongs to a
Kshatriya (Hindu) family, descended from Raja Churai Romba, who obtained
the Raj about the beginning of the 1 8th century. His adopted son (formerly
named Pamheiba) was the Raja Gharib Nawaz, who made several successful
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 313
invasions of Burma. In the time of his grandson, the Raja Jai Singh (alias
Ching Tung Romba), the Burmese invaded Manipur ; the Raja" was com-
pelled to seek British aid, and a treaty was concluded in 1762. Again in
1824, in the reign of the Raja Gambhir Singh, the State was overrun by the
Burmese ; but the latter were at length expelled by the aid of British levies,
and when peace was concluded in 1826 Gambhir Singh was able to extend
his boundaries by the inclusion of the Kubo valley. The latter territory was,
however, restored to Burma in 1834. In that year the Raja Gambhir Singh
died, and the State subsequently has suffered much from internal dissensions
and frequent changes of rulers. These disorders at length became unendur-
able, and in 1890 the Government of India resolved to put an end to them.
The first attempt to intervene was disastrous, as it was attended by the,
massacre of a considerable British force, including some high officers of
State. The outrage was immediately followed by condign punishment, and
all those who were responsible for the massacre were either hanged or other-
wise rigorously dealt with. In this State the Prince next in succession to
the gadi has the courtesy title of Yuvardj or Jubardj, and the next in dignity
to him is called the Sendpati (sometimes spelt " Senaputty "). On the
deposition of the late Raja who had enjoyed the title of Maharaja as a
personal distinction these persons were found to have been implicated in
the recent outrages, and were punished accordingly. The State had techni-
cally lapsed, on account of the rebellion ; but it was resolved to select a
youthful Raja from among the descendants of the ruling family, and to
continue the political existence of Manipur as a feudatory State, and there-
upon the present Raja was placed on the gadi. The State has an area of
about 8000 square miles, and a population estimated at about 220,000,
chiefly Hindus, but including about 4881 Muhammadans, and 85,288
belonging to various Hill tribes.
Residence. Manipur, Assam.
MANOHAR SINGH (of Pathrala), Sarddr.
Born 1839. The title is hereditary. Sardar Diwan Singh, grandfather of
the present Sardar, and son of Sardar Sohel Singh, about the year 1759 A.D.
conquered certain territory in the Jalandhar district. His brother-in-law,
Sardar Baghel Singh, was also a celebrated Sikh leader of those days. When
the Maharaja" Ranjit Singh conquered the Jalandhar Doab, he deprived the
family of much of their possessions. One of the sons of Sardar Diwan
Singh was the late Sardar Fateh Singh, father of the present Sardar. Sardar
Manohar Singh has two sons Sardar Sundar Singh and Sardar Dasaundha
Singh.
Residence. Pathrdla, Jdlandhar, Punjab.
MANSA, BAWAL SHRI TAKHTSINGHJI, Rdwal of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877 j succeeded to the gadi as a minor i8th May 1889. Belongs
to a Chaura Rajput (Hindu) family, whose founder, Rawal Sursinghji, a scion
of the ancient Chaura Rajput dynasty that reigned at Anhilwara Patan, 746
3 i 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
to 942 A.D., appears to have obtained an assignment of territory at Mansa on
the downfall of the Anhilwara Patan dynasty. The late Rawal of Mansa,
Rajsinghji Bhimsinghji, was fourteenth in descent from Sursinghji. The
area of the State is 73 square miles; its population is 13,299, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Mnsa, Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
MANSHARAM walad WATANMAL, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i4th January 1888.
Residence. S eh wan, Sind.
MAOIONG-, JIT SINGH, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1842; succeeded to the gadi 27th August 1867. The Seim is
Chief of one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, under the Chief Com-
missioner of Assam; its population is 1646, consisting chiefly of Khasis and
Christian converts.
Residence. Maoiong, Kha"si Hills, Assam.
MAOSANRAM, SAM BURAI, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 28th March 1890. The
Seim is Chief of one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, under the Chief
Commissioner of Assam; its population is 1104, consisting chiefly of Khasis
and Christian converts.
Residence. Maosanram, Khdsi Hills, Assam.
MARDAN SINGH (of Pind&rna), Thdkur.
Born 1854. The title is hereditary, having been originally granted by
the Raja Mardan Singh of Garha-Mandla to an ancestor of this family named
the Rawat Parshad, who had saved his (the Raja's) life from the Raja of
Tehri. Belongs to the same family as that of the Thakur Gaya Parshad of
Sagar.
Residence. Pinddrna, Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
MARIAO, BUROM, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1863; succeeded to the gadi 5th May 1888. The Seim is Chief
of one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, under the Chief Commissioner
of Assam ; its population is 3669, consisting chiefly of Khasis and Christian
converts.
Residence. Mariao, Khdsi Hills, Assam.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 315
MARTAND WAMAN SHOTRI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
MARWAR, His Highness the Mahdrdjd of. See Jodhpur.
MASUD ALI MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The Prince is the twelfth son of the late King of Oudh, and bears the
title as the courtesy title of his high rank.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MATA DIN, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890. The Rai
Bahadur has rendered long and meritorious services to Government in the
Judicial Department, and was for some time Subordinate Judge of Muzaf-
farpur.
Residence. Patna, Bengal.
MATHWAR, RANA RANJIT SINGH, Rdnd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 86 1 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1865. Belongs to a
Bhilala family. The area of the State is about 140 square miles; its
population is about 2630, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Mathw^r, Bhopa"war, Central India.
MAUKMB, KUN HMON, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 2500 square miles, and a population consisting
almost entirely of Shans, but with some Yms.
Residence. Maukme, Shan States, Burma.
MAULADAD KHAN walad WALIDAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MAUNG MAN, KUN WA, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of 25 square miles, and a population consisting almost
entirely of Shans, but with some Yins.
Residence. Maung Man, Shan States, Burma.
MAYA DAS, Rai.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Firozpur. Punjab.
MAYARAM SHAMBHUNATH, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 28th June 1878.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
MEGHRAJ KOTHARI, alias MEGHRAJ OSWAL
(of Murshidabad, Bengal), Rat Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October 1867, for services
rendered to Government during the Bhutan war.
Residences. Goalpdra, Assam ; and Azamganj, Murshidabad.
MEHDI ALI, Nawdb Mohsin-ul-Mulk.
The Nawab is at present Secretary to the Government of His Highness
the Nizam of the Deccan. For distinguished services to that Government His
Highness was pleased to confer on him the title of Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk.
The Nawab has occupied some of the most responsible posts in the State
of Hyderabad, in whose service also he has visited Europe, with his colleague
the Nawab Mehdi Hasan, Fateh Nawaz Jang Bahadur, and received the high
acknowledgments both of His Highness the Nizam and of the British
Government.
Residence. Hyderabad, Deccan.
MEHDI ALI KHAN, Nawdb Bahddur.
The title is personal, the Nawab Bahadur being the son of Nawab Jafar
Ali Khan, who was the grandson of a daughter of Saadat Khan, Burhan-ul-
Mulk, King of Oudh. The Nawab Bahddur is an Honorary Magistrate in
Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 317
MBHDI HASAN, Nawdb Fateh Nawaz Jang Bahadur.
The Nawab Bahadur is at present Home Secretary to the Government of
His Highness the Nizam of the Deccan, having been promoted to that office
from the high and responsible post of Chief Justice of Hyderabad. For
distinguished services to that Government His Highness was pleased to
confer on him the title of Nawab Fateh Nawaz Jang Bahadur. The Nawab,
who is well known as a powerful writer in the Times and other organs of
public opinion, has been identified with some of the most important and
valuable reforms in the State of Hyderabad, in whose service also he has
visited Europe, with his colleague the Nawab Mehdi Ali Mohsin-ul-Mulk, and
received the high acknowledgments both of His Highness the Nizam and of
the British Government.
Residence. Hyderabad, Deccan.
MEHDI HASAN KHAN, Nawdb Bahadur.
The title is personal, the Nawab Bahadur being the son of Ikhtiar-ud-
daula, grandson of Saadat Ali Khan, King of Oudh.
Residence. O udh.
MEHDI HASAN KHAN, MIRZA, Nawdb Bahadur.
The title is personal, the Nawab Bahadur having married the daughter
of a daughter of the late Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Oudh. The Nawab
Bahadur is the son of Mirza Ali Jah Bahadur.
Residence. Oudh.
MEHDI HUSAIN KHAN, Nawdb Bahadur.
The Nawab Bahadur is the son of Mirza Wala Jah Bahadur, and
holds this courtesy title as a descendant of one of the Kings of Oudh.
The Mirza Wala Jah Bahadur's grandfather was the grandson of the son of
one of the daughters of Saadat Khan, Burhan-ul-Mulk, King of Oudh.
Residence. O udh .
MEHR, SINGH, CHHACHI, Sardar.
Born 1857. The title is hereditary, the Sardar being the head of a
Kohli Kshatriya family, whose ancestor, Sardar Tehil Singh, came long
ago from Bhatneo, settled at Salargarh in Chhach in the Rawalpindi district
of the Punjab, and made considerable conquests. A descendant of Sardar
Tehil Singh, named Sardar Jiwan Singh, entered the service of the Maharaja
Ranjit Singh of Lahore ; served with credit at Bannu, Tank, Mitha Tiwana,
3 i8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
and elsewhere; and for eight years was stationed at Dera Ismail Khan.
During the rebellion of 1848 Sardar Jiwan Singh, with his son Sardar
Gurdit Singh (father of the present Sardar), rendered excellent service to the
Government ; they joined Lieutenant (afterwards Sir Herbert) Edwardes, and
served under him to the end of the war. Sardar Jiwan Singh died in 1852,
and was succeeded by his son Sardar Gurdit Singh, who again rendered
admirable service to the Government during the Mutiny of 1857. He was
succeeded by his eldest son, the present Sardar.
Residence. Jhelum, Punjab.
MBHR-ULLA KHAN, SARDAR, Nawdb.
The title of Nawab is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Baluchistan.
MEHRAN KHAN, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889.
Residence. Upper Sind Frontier District.
MBHRJIBHAI KUVARJI TARAPURWALA, C.I.B.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, 24th May 1888.
Residence. B ombay.
MEMA MAL, LALA, Rai Bahddur.
Born 1838. The title was conferred on 2nd January 1888, as a personal
distinction, in recognition of long and meritorious service to the Govern-
ment in the Ordnance Department, especially during the Afghan campaigns
of 1878-79-80. Belongs to a Khatri family settled in the Delhi district;
son of the late Lala Ghazi Ram of Delhi. Educated in the Delhi College ;
appointed to the Ordnance Department in 1859.
Residences. Calcutta, Bengal ; and Chipiwdra, Delhi, Punjab.
MBNGNI, JARBJA MADHAVASINGHJI MANSINGHJI,
Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1847; succeeded to the gadi T. 2th September 1864. Belongs to
a Rajput (Hindu) family. The area of the State is 34 square miles ; its
population is 3454, chiefly Hindus. The Talukdar maintains a military
force of 2 2 infantry and 3 guns.
Residence. Mengni, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay.
MEWAR, His Highness the Mahdrdnd of. See Udaipur.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 319
MIDNAPUR, RAJA MAHENDRA LAL KHAN, Rdjd of.
Born ist September 1843. The title of Raja was conferred on i6th
February 1887, as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of
the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, in recognition of his "public
spirit and liberality on many occasions." Belongs to the family of the
Zamindars of Narajol, descended from Udaya Narayan Ghosh, which
family has held possession (with one interruption) of the Midnapur Raj since
the time of the Raja Ananda Lai Khan (June 1800), who was the elder
brother of the grandfather of the present Raja. Just before the close of the
last century, Trilochan Khan of Narajol was called in to aid the Ranis
widows of the Raja Ajit Singh, the last of the older line of Midnapur Rajas.
Trilochan Khan was the first cousin, on the mother's side, of the Raja
Jeswant Singh, father of Raja Ajit Singh. He was succeeded by his nephew
Sitaram Khan, who in turn was succeeded by his sons, Ananda Lai Khan,
Nanda Lai Khan, and Mohan Lai Khan. Ananda Lai Khan at length
succeeded to the whole of the Midnapur Raj. The family has had the
misfortune of being involved in frequent and heavy litigation. Raja Mohan
Lai Khan was succeeded by his son Raja Ajudhya Ram Khan, father of
the present Raja, in 1830. In January 1877, on the occasion of the Procla-
mation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress, he received a Certificate
of Honour. He died in 1879, and was succeeded by the present Raja,
who is a distinguished musician, and the composer of several Hindu musical
works. When the Raja in 1887 was invested with the title, the Lieutenant-
Governor of Bengal, after addressing him in terms of eulogy, added : " I
take pleasure in investing you with the well-earned dignity which the
Viceroy has bestowed on you ; the representative of a very ancient family
in Midnapur, which received its honours from the Mughal Government, you
have devoted your wealth and influence, as your father did before you,
to the service of your fellow-countrymen. In endowments and donations
to schools, libraries, and hospitals, in the construction of the Narajol em-
bankment, and above all in the remission of rents to your tenantry in bad
years, you have set a noble example." The Raja has a son and heir,
named Narendra Lai Khan, born i7th September 1867.
Residence. Midnapur, Bengal.
MIR HUMAYUN JAH, BAHADUR, C.I.B.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, ist January 1880.
Residence. Madras.
MIR KHAN, SAYYID, Sarddr Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred in 1858.
Residence. Bulandshahr, North- Western Provinces.
3 2o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MIR WAZIR ALI, Khan Bahadur.
The Khan Bahadur is an Honorary Magistrate of Lucknow ; and for
his public services received the title as a personal distinction on 2$th May
1892.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MIRAJ (Senior Branch), GANGADHAR RAO GANPAT, alias
BALA SAHBB PATWARDHAN, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1866 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 6th June 1875. Belongs
to the Patwardhan (Brahman) family, to whose ancestor, Govind Hari
Patwardhan, the grant of the Miraj State, with the title of Sardar, was made
by the Peshwa Madhava Rao in 1764 A.D. In 1820 the State was
divided into four shares, of which two lapsed in 1842 and 1845 respectively.
Of the two that remain as feudatory States, the present Chief of the senior
branch was educated at the Rajkumar College, Indore, and ranks as a
First Class Sardar in the Southern Mahratta country. The area of the
State is 320 square miles; its population is 69,732, chiefly Hindus, but
including 7473 Muhammadans. The Chief maintains a military force of
5 1 cavalry, 494 infantry, and 7 guns.
Residence. Miraj, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
MIRAJ (Junior Branch), LAKSHMAN RAO HARIHAR, alias
ANNA SAHEB PATWARDHAN, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Is a minor, being the son of the late Harihar Rao Dada Saheb, who
was born in 1833, and succeeded to the gadi 5th February 1876. Belongs
to the Patwardhan (Brahman) family, to whose ancestor, Govind Hari
Patwardhan, the Peshwa Madhava Rao in 1764 A.D. granted the Miraj
State with the title of Sardar. In 1820 the State was divided into four
shares, of which two lapsed in 1842 and 1845 respectively. Of the two
that remain as feudatory States, the present Chief of the junior branch is
the grandson of the late Lakshman Rao Anna Saheb, who was the grandson
of Gangadhar Rao Govind, son of the above-mentioned Govind Hari
Patwardhan, founder of the State. The family banner is known as bhagwaj-
henda, and is an ensign of a red colour ; and the Chief is entitled to be
attended by danka (kettledrums), pdlki (State palanquin), lagi (flags), and
other marks of dignity. The area of the State is 207 square miles; its
population is 30,541, chiefly Hindus, but including 1667 Muhammadans.
The Chief maintains a military force of 25 cavalry, 253 infantry, and
5 g uns -
Residence. Miraj, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 321
MIRZA HAIRAT, PROFESSOR, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is a personal one, and was conferred on 25th May 1892, in
recognition of his eminent attainments in oriental scholarship. It entitles
him to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Elphinstone College, Bombay.
MIT SINGH (of Dhandwal), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary, the Sardar being descended from a Jat leader,
Sardar Man Singh, who conquered the territory of Dhandwal, in the district
of Hoshiarpur, about the year 1759 A.D.
Residence. Jalandhar, Punjab.
MITHAN LAL, PANDIT, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i3th November 1884.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
MITRA, A., Rai Bahadur.
Granted the title of Rai Bahadur, as a personal distinction, for eminent
medical services in Kashmir, 2nd January 1893. I s L.R.C.P. and L.R.C.S.
of Edinburgh.
Residence. Kashmir.
MOBYB, KUN YAN, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa is Chief of one of the Shan States on the Burma frontier,
which has an area of about 1000 square miles, and a population consisting
almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Mobye, Shan States, Burma.
MOHAN LAL, SAH, Rai Bahadur.
Born 1841. The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, in
recognition of his loyalty during the Mutiny of 1857, and of his eminent
services on the Local and District Boards. He belongs to an important
Brahman family long settled in the district of Agra.
Residence. Agra, North- Western Provinces.
MOHANLAL RANCHORDAS JHAVBRI, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th August 1888.
Residence. Bombay.
Y
322 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MOHANPUE, THAKUR HIMMATSINGHJI UMBDSINGHJI,
Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1876; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 6th October 1882.
Belongs to a Puar Rajput (Hindu) family, claiming descent from the ancient
Raos of Chandrawati near Mount Abu in Rajputana. Jaspal, the founder
of this branch of the family, moved from Chandrawati to Harol in Mahi
Kdntha in 1226 A.D. Thirteen generations later Thakur Prithwi Raj
moved to Ghorwara. The late Thakur, Umedsinghji Daulatsinghja, was
born in 1854, succeeded to the gadi in 1875, an d died in 1882. The
area of the State is 560 square miles; its population is 14,677, chiefly
Hindus. It is tributary to Baroda, and pays kichri to Idar.
Residence. Mohanpur, Mahi Kdntha, Bombay.
MOHARBHANJ, RAJA SRIRAM CHANDRA BHANJ DEO,
Raj a of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1872 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 29th May 1882. Belongs
to a Kshatriya (Hindu) family, claiming descent from Adhi Bhanj, said to
have been a Kachhwaha Rajput, and a connection of the then Raja of Jaipur.
Adhi Bhanj is believed to have come from Rajputana into Orissa about
2000 years ago, and gradually to have established his authority over the
country between the Subarnarekha river and the borders of Dhenkanal.
Subsequently a member of the Moharbhanj family named Joti Bhanj
established himself in the southern part of this territory as Raja of
Keunjhar, and Adhi Bhanj retained the country between the Subarnarekha
and Baitarani rivers, which is Moharbhanj proper. Thirty-nine generations
of Rdjas intervened between Adhi Bhanj and the late Raja, Krishna
Chandra Bhanj Deo, who was granted the title of Maharaja, as a personal
distinction, on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of
Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India as also his grandfather,
the Raja Jadunath Bhanj Deo, had many years before been granted the same
personal distinction for his service in quelling a rebellion in the Kolhan.
The eldest son and heir-apparent of the Raja in this State is entitled to the
courtesy title of " Tikait Babu " ; and the family cognisance is the sacred
peacock with tail spread. The area of the State, which is one of the Orissa
Tributary Mahals, is 4243 square miles; its population is 385,737, nearly
equally divided between Hindus and aboriginal tribesmen. The Raja
maintains a military force of 5 1 2 infantry and 1 1 guns.
Residence. Moharbhanj, Orissa, Bengal.
MOHI-UD-DIN SHARIF, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878, for dis-
tinguished medical services. The Khan Bahadur has been made an
Honorary Surgeon.
Residence. Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 323
MOHKAM SINGH (of Partdpner), Rdjd.
Born 2oth January 1864. The title is hereditary, dating from a time
before the Muhammadan Empire. The Raja is one of the Chiefs of the
illustrious Chauhan clan of Rajputs, boasting a
lineal descent from Prithvi Raja, Chauhan Raja
of Ajmir and Delhi, the last Hindu Emperor.
In the 1 3th or early in the 1/j.th century the
Raja Sumar Sah (grandson of Karan Singh, son
of Prithvi Raja) conquered the Meos in Etawah,
Cawnpore, and the surrounding districts, and
established himself as Raja in the western part
of the Etawah district. His descendants built
the great fort of Etawah; but when that was
e Santa* of the Chauhan captured by the Mahrattas under Hari Pant, the
Rajputs, called diakra, used f. , / '
in the seal and for signature. Raja Partao Singh, the then Chief, built the
(A circle with four Trisuias or existing fort of Partapner. The late Raja,
Indents as radii at the car- T . . _,. . , . J '
dinai points.) .Lokinara Singh, succeeded as a minor; his uncle
and guardian, Zohar Singh, rendered good service
to the Government during the Mutiny of 1857. The present Raja suc-
ceeded on the death of his father, Raja Lokindra Singh.
Residence. Parta"pner, Etdwah, North- Western Provinces.
MOMEIK, KUN MAUNG, Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1883. Tne Sawbwa is Chief of one of the Shan States, on the
Burma frontier. Succeeded recently to the chiefship as a minor; and
during his minority the State is administered by the Chief Commissioner of
Burma. The area of the State is about 2100 square miles; its population
consists almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Momeik, Shan States, Burma.
MONB, KUN KYI, K.S.M., Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa has received from the Viceroy, as representing Her Majesty
the Empress, the honour of K.S.M. (Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya
Min, meaning "Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour"), for the good
services rendered by him to the Imperial officers, and his good adminis-
tration. He is the Chief of one of the most important of the Shan States,
Burma ; which, with its feudatory Kyaing Ton, has an area of about 3000
square miles, and a population consisting almost entirely of Shans.
Residence. Mone, Shan States, Burma.
MORESHWAR RAO, Rao Saheb.
The title is hereditary, the Rao Saheb being the descendant and repre-
sentative of Rao Vinayek Rao, who was the Prime Minister of the old
Mahratta Government of Sagar. He had originally come from the Deccan,
3 2 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
and having been appointed a Mamlatdar by the Mahratta Government,
ultimately rose to be Prime Minister. The family also held the title of
Subahdar under the Mahrattas. The late Rao Saheb Kishan Rao was born
in 1824, and was an Honorary Magistrate. He died recently, and was
succeeded by his son, the present Rao Saheb.
Residence. Sa"gar, Central Provinces.
MOBO GOPAL PANDHARI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1883.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
MOBO KBISHNA DABHOLKAB, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1882.
Residence. Ahmadnagar, Bombay.
MOBOBA KESHBI NATH SBNJIT, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Bombay.
MOBVI, HIS HIGHNESS THAKUB SAHEB SIB WAGHJI
BAVAJI, K.C.I.E., Thdkur Saheb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born i yth April 1858 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor zyth February
1870. Belongs to the illustrious Jareja Rajput (Hindu) family, that has also
given ruling Houses to Kutch, Nawanagar, Malia, and other States ; the
Thakur Saheb of Morvi is also Jagirdar of Amerdi, in Kutch, which possesses
a port named Jangi. He was educated at the Rajkumar College, has
visited Europe, and administers the affairs of his State in person. The
State, which is tributary to Baroda and Junagarh, has an area of 821 miles ;
and a population of 89,964, chiefly Hindus, but including 11,942 Muham-
madans. His Highness maintains a military force of 121 cavalry, 1155
infantry, and 7 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 1 1 guns.
Residence. Morvi, Ka'thia'wa'r, Bombay.
MOBWABA, Thdkur of. See Tharad and Morwara.
MOTA BABKHEBA, BHUMIA BHABAT SINGH, Bhumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1835. Belongs to a Bhilala family; the Bhilalas are generally
accounted aboriginal, but according to some accounts are the descendants of
intermarriages between Rajputs (Hindu) and Bhils (aboriginal). The popu-
lation of the State is about 4000.
Residence. Mota Barkhera, Bhopawaj, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 325
MOTA KOTHARNA, THAKUR PARBATSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born ist December 1848; succeeded to the gadi on the death of his
father, the late Thakur Hiraji, 6th November 1864. The Thakur claims to
be descended from the great Chauhan clan of Rajputs. The State has a
population of 595, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Motd Kotharna, Mdhi Kdntha, Bombay.
MOTI SINGH (of Mandhata), Thdkur.
Born 3rd December 1848. The title is hereditary, the Thakur being a
descendant of the ancient Rajas of Mandhata. The founder of the family
was the Thakur Chhattar Singh.
Residence. Mandhata, Nima"r, Central Provinces.
MRA U, MAUNG, Ahmudan gaung Tazeik-ya Min.
The title was conferred, as a personal distinction, on 2nd January 1893.
It is indicated by the letters A.T.M. after the name, and means " Recipient
of the Medal for Good Service." The Maung is Extra Assistant Com-
missioner and Akunwan of Akyab, Burma.
Residence. Akyab, Burma.
MUAZZIM HUSAIN, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinc-
tion, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious
Majesty.
Residence. Barisal, Bengal.
MUBARAK KHAN walad GHULAM SHAH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
MUBARAK KHAN walad WALI MUHAMMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MUDHOL, VYANKAT RAO BALWANT RAO RAJB
GHORPARB, alias BALA SAHBB, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 9th April 1861 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 2yth March
1862. Belongs to the Bhonsle-Ghorpare family; which, though Mahratta,
claims descent from Chob Rao, said to have been a son of the Maharana of
Udaipur, who came to the Deccan in very early times, and obtained from
the King of Bijapur the territory of Mudhol with the title of Raja. The family
326 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
is also said to have a common ancestor with Sivaji the Great, the founder
of the Mahratta Empire. The second family name of Ghorpare is said to
have been given because one of its ancestors managed to scale a fort
previously deemed impregnable, by attaching a cord to the body of a
ghorpad or iguana, and thereby drawing himself up. The family banner is
called the " Bahuta " ; and is a triangular flag or ensign of three colours
white, black, and green. The Chiefs of Mudhol fought against Sivaji, but
ultimately took military service under the Peshwas. Vyankat Rao I., the
grandfather of the present Chief, became a feudatory of the British Power.
He died in 1854, and was succeeded by his son, Balwant Rao; who died in
1862, and was succeeded by his son, the present Chief. He holds the rank
of a First Class Sardar of the Southern Mahratta Country. His State has
an area of 362 square miles; and a population of 52,163, chiefly Hindus,
but including 3710 Muhammadans. The Chief maintains a military force
of 20 cavalry, 387 infantry, and i gun.
Residence. Mudhol, Southern Mahratta Country, Bombay.
MUDIN SHBRIF. See Muhi-ud-din Sharif.
MUHABAL walad GHULAM NAJAP KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MUHAMMAD ABBAS, MIRZA, Nawdb Bahadur.
The title is personal. The Nawab Bahadur enjoys it as the husband of
a grand-daughter of the late Saadat AH Khan, King of Oudh. He is the
son of the Nawab Sharik-ud-daula.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ABBAS, MUFTI MIR, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for
eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ABBAS HUSAIN KASRA BAKHT MIRZA
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, and is the courtesy title of the Prince, as twenty-
fourth son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ABDUL ALI, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1858. The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth March
1876, the Khan Bahadur being a son of Rashid-ud-daula, half-brother of His
late Highness Azim Jah, the first of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 327
MUHAMMAD ABDUL BARI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1858. The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth March
1876, the Khan Bahadur being a grandson of Rashid-ud-daula, half-brother
of His late Highness Azim Jah, the first of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD ABDULLA BADSHAH SAHEB, HAJI,
Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD ABDUR RAHMAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal ; it was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic,
and recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD ABU TALIB KHAN, Majid-ud-dauld Mumtdz-ul-Mulk
Bahadur, Rustam Jang.
The title is personal; it was originally conferred in 1838 by the late
Muhammad AH Shah, King of Oudh, and has been recognised by
Government. Has married the grand-daughter of the late Muhammad
All Shah, King of Oudh ; and is the son of the Nawab Hashmat-ud-
daula.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD APZAL KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1881.
Residence. Dera Ismail Khdn, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD AFZAL KHAN, LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
WAZIRZADA, C.S.I., Nawab.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October 1886. The
Nawab had received the title of Khan Bahadur on $rd August 1874; and
was created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India,
24th May 1881.
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD AHMAD ALI, Nawab Bahadur.
The title is personal, the Nawab Bahadur being the son of Mirza
Jalil-us-Shan, grandson of the late Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Oudh.
Residence. O u dh.
328 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD AJMAL, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890, for
loyalty and good services rendered to Government.
Residence. Barh, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN, ORAKZAI, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1881. The Khan
Bahadur belongs to an Afghan family of the Orakzai clan.
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD AKRAM HUSAIN APSAR-UL-MULK MIRZA
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of this nobleman as twenty-
second son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD AKRAM KHAN, SIR, K.C.S.I. (of Amb),
Nawdb Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 25th September 1868. The
Nawab Bahadur is Chief of Amb, on the right bank of the Indus, where he and
his ancestors have long been independent. He also holds Western Tanawal,
in the Hazara district, from the British Government. Belongs to a Pathan
(Muhammadan) family ; and his father, Jahandad Khan, son of Painde
Khan, was a loyal Chief, who rendered good service in the time of the
Mutiny in 1857. The Nawab Bahadur Sir Muhammad Akram Khan
showed active and gallant conduct in the field, fighting on the side of the
British Government, and rendered effective aid during the disturbances in
Agror on the Hazara frontier. In recognition of these services he was
created a Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, and
given the title of Nawab, in 1868; and subsequently he has received the
higher title of Nawab Bahadur, and been promoted to be a Knight
Commander of the same Most Exalted Order.
Residence. Haza"ra, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD ALI, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, the Mirza Bahadur being a son of Rafi-us-Shan
Mirza Muhammad Naki AH Bahadur, and grandson of the late Muhammad
Ali Shah, third King of Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ALI, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Bangalore, Mysore.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 329
MUHAMMAD ALI, MIR, Nawdb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Faridpur, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ALI, MIRZA, Bedar Bakht Bahadur.
The title is personal, the Mirza being a descendant of the Oudh family.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ALI MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title held by the Prince as the
eleventh son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ALI, T., Khan Bahadur.
Granted the title of Khan Bahadur, in promotion from that of Khan
Saheb, as a personal distinction, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. M adras.
MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN, Nawdb.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Sehwan, Sind.
MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN (of Hasanpur), Rdjd.
Born 24th May 1857. The title is hereditary. The Raja is the head of
the Musalman branch of the great Bachgoti sept of the illustrious Chauhan
clan of Rajputs, for an account of the Hindu branch of this family see the
accounts of Madho Prasad Singh, Rai of Adharganj, and Partab Bahadur
Singh, Raja of Kurwar. Of the two grandsons of Bariar Singh, one, Chahar
Sen, was the ancestor of the Adharganj Rais ; the other, Rup Singh, had
three grandsons, of whom the second, Prithipat Singh, was the ancestor of
the Kurwar Rajas, while the eldest, Jai Chand, was the ancestor of
this. Hasanpur family. His son, Tilok Chand, fell a prisoner into the hands
of the Emperor Babar, and to regain his liberty adopted the Muhammadan
faith, his name being changed to Tatar Khan. He also received from the
Emperor the title of Khan-i-Azam, whence his family have the name of
Khanzadas. His grandson, Hasan Khan, was a favourite of the Emperor
Sher Shah, who visited his capital of Hasanpur (previously called Narwal),
and gave him the right of creating Rajas in Eastern Oudh. The Raja
Husain Ali took an active part against the Government in the Mutiny of
1857, and commanded the rebel infantry at the battle of Sultanpur in 1858,
in which his only son was killed. Under the terms of the general amnesty
he recovered his estates ; but died in 1860, and was succeeded by his brother
the Raja Khairat Ali, father of the present Raja. The latter succeeded in
1869 ; and is an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Hasanpur, Sultdnpur, Oudh.
33 o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN, Nawdb Bahadur.
The Nawdb Bahadur bears this courtesy title as the grandson of the late
Amjad Ali Shah, fourth King of Oudh. The Nawdb Bahadur's father was
the Nizdm-ud-dauld, who married the daughter of that monarch.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN (of Kunjpurd), Nawdb.
The title is hereditary, the Nawdb being the descendant of a Pathan
family founded by the Nawdb Nijabat Khan about the close of the last
century. He came from Kandahar with a following of free lances, and
ultimately established himself at Kunjpurd. He aided the invader Nadir
Shah, and obtained from that Emperor the title of Nawdb. In 1808-9
the Chief of Kunjpurd, with the other Cis-Sutlej States, came under British
protection. In the rearrangements after the second Sikh war, in 1849,
Kunjpurd became British territory, and its Chief was invested with Magisterial
power. The Nawdb Muhammad Rahmat Khan, great-grandson of the
Nawdb Muhammad Nijabat Khan, left four sons, of whom the eldest died
without issue ; and the second, the Nawdb Gholam Ali Khan, who succeeded
him, was the father of the present Nawdb. The latter has a son and heir
named Muhammad Ahmad Ali Khan.
Residence. Kunjpurd, Karndl, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Meerut, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN (of Chitari).
See Muhammad Mahmud Ali Khan.
MUHAMMAD ALI NAKI KHAN, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, the Mirza Bahadur being the son of the Nawdb
Imam Ali Khan, who was the grandson of the late Shujd-ud-dauld, King of
Oudh.
Residence. O udh.
MUHAMMAD ALLAHDAD KHAN, Sarddr Bahadur,
Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1825. The title of Sarddr Bahadur was conferred on 24th June
1859, as a personal distinction, for his eminent services during the Mutiny;
and the additional title of Khan Bahadur, also as a personal distinction, was
conferred in 1878. The Sarddr Bahadur comes of a Pathan family,
distinguished on both sides for their military services ; his maternal
grandfather was Commander-in-Chief of the forces of Hafiz Rahmat Khan of
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 331
Rohilkhand, whilst his paternal grandfather was an officer of high rank in
the army of the King of Oudh. He is a retired Risaldar of the First Punjab
Cavalry ; and distinguished himself so much by his valour and loyalty during
the Mutiny of 1857 that he was created a Member of the Order of British
India of the First Class, with the title of Sardar Bahadur, and a grant of
some land. He has several sons.
Residence. Bareilly, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD AMIN KHAN, KHAN KEL, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2 7th March 1880.
Residence. Koha"t, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD AMIR, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Pesha"war, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD AMIR HASAN KHAN, SIR, K.C.I.B.
(of Mahmudabad), Raja, Khdn Bahddur.
Born 1849; succeeded his father, the Raja Nawab AH Khan, in 1858.
These titles are hereditary, and were conferred by the British Government
on 4th December 1877, 24th May 1883, and 5th March 1884, having been
originally derived, with other honours, from the Mughal Emperors of Delhi
and from the Kings of Oudh. The Raja of Mahmudabad is also entitled to
be addressed as " Amir-ud-daula, Sayyid-ul-Mulk, Mumtaz Jang," a distinction
proposed for him by Sir Henry Davies when Chief Commissioner of Oudh,
as a special mark of recognition of his public services. The Raja is the first
cousin of the Raja of Paintepur ; and though belonging by birth to the
younger branch of the family, is the head of the elder branch by adoption.
The family is Shaikh Sadiki ; but they are usually called Khanzadas, because
at some remote period the title of Khan was bestowed on one of their
ancestors. The founder of the family was Shaikh Nathu, who about 1360
A.D. was employed by the King of Delhi against the Bhars, and was re-
warded for his services by the grant of large estates in Fatehpur. His
descendant, Daud Khan, being a General in the Delhi army, was created a
Nawab ; and Daud's grandson, the Nawab Bazid Khan, obtained the addi-
tional titles of Bahadur, Muzaffar Jang, and some others. The Nawab
Daud Khan's son, Mahmud, founded the town of Mahmudabad about 1677,
and it has ever since remained the seat of the family. He was Imperial
Governor of Jaunpur, and died at that place. A descendant, the Nawab
Muhammad Imam Khan, divided his estates between his two sons; the
elder, the Nawab Muhammad Ikram Khan, retained Mahmudabad, while
the younger, Maghar Ali Khan, obtained Belahra, and became the ancestor
of the Rajas of Paintepur and Belahra. Muhammad Ikram Khan's two sons,
Sarfaraz Ali Khan and Musahib Ali Khan, both died without issue; the
widow of the latter, who succeeded him in 1810, was at the head of the
Mahmudabad estate till 1838, when she died, having adopted a cousin from
the Belahra side, named Nawab Ali. The latter was an able man, who
greatly increased the estate ; he was also a distinguished scholar and poet.
332 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
He died in 1858; and was succeeded by his only son, the present Raja,
who was a minor under the Court of Wards till 1867. Educated at Sitdpur
School, Benares College, and Canning College, Lucknow. In 1871 he was
elected Vice-President of the British Indian Association, and has since been
President of that important body. At the great Darbdr held by the late
Lord Lawrence in Lucknow, he was presented with a Sword of Honour ; and
on 2nd January 1893, was created a Knight Commander of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire. He is an Honorary Magistrate, and
has the powers of an Assistant Collector. He has a son and heir, named
Ali Muhammad Khdn, born 1881.
Residence. Mahmudabad, Sitdpur, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ANWAR-UD-DIN, Khdn Bahddur.
Born 1849. The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth March
1876, the Khdn Bahddur being one of the sons of Rashid-ud-dauld, half-
brother of His late Highness Azim Jdh, the first of the titular Princes of
Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD ANWAR-UL-HAK, MAULAVI, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. Abu, Rdjputdna.
MUHAMMAD ASGHAR, ALI, Mirza Bahddur.
The title is personal, the Mirza Bahadur being the son of the Mirza
Khurram Bakht, and grandson of the late Muhammad Ali Shdh, King of
Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ASGHAR HUMAYUN JAH MIRZA BAHADUR,
Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the sons of His late
Majesty the King of Oudh. The Prince is the sixteenth son.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ASHRAP (of Asifpur), Chaudhri.
The title was conferred as a personal distinction in 1877.
Residence. Asifpur, Hardoi, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD ASKARI, Mirza Bahddur.
The Mirza Bahddur enjoys this title as a personal distinction, as being
the son of Prince Rafi-uz-Shan Mirza Muhammad Naki Ali Bahadur, and
grandson of His late Majesty Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 333
MUHAMMAD ASKARI BULAND JAH MIRZA BAHADUR,
Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title enjoyed by this nobleman as
seventh son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ASLAM KHAN, C.I.B., Sarddr Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 22nd October 1881. Was
created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 1 5th
February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most
Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Pesha"war, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD ASLAM KHAN, KAZI, C.M.G.
Has been created a Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St.
Michael and St. George.
MUHAMMAD AZIM (of Kakrali), Chaudhri.
Born 1853 ; succeeded his father, the late Raja Khaslat Husain, in 1882.
The title of Chaudhri is hereditary, having been so under the old Govern-
ment of Oudh, and so recognised by the British Government in 1877. The
head of the family was, before the annexation of Oudh, Chakladdr or Chaudhri
of Sandila. The present Chaudhri's grandfather, Chaudhri Hashmat Ali,
was well spoken of by Sir William Sleeman in his account of Oudh. He at
first took part against the Government in the Mutiny of 1857, and was a
noted and active rebel leader, frequently engaged with the British troops, and
acting as Nazim of Hardoi and the neighbouring districts. He had, however,
the reputation of being an honourable enemy, never guilty of any cruelties ;
and early in 1858 he tendered his submission, and became as active on the
side of the Government, being engaged in many actions against the rebels.
For these services he received a khilat and a grant of land. He was suc-
ceeded by his son, Chaudhri Khaslat Husain, who was an Honorary Magis-
trate and Assistant Collector, Secretary to the Aujuman-i-Hind of Oudh, and,
shortly before his death, was given the rank of Raja as a personal distinction.
The present Chaudhri is an Honorary Magistrate ; he has a son and heir,
named Muhammad Jan, born 1867.
Residence. Hardoi, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD AZMAT ALI KHAN. See Azmat Ali Khan.
MUHAMMAD BABAR MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title enjoyed by the Prince as the
sixth son of the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
334 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD BAHRAM SHAH (of Rassapagla), Shdhzdda.
The title is personal, and was conferred on nth June 1860, in recogni-
tion of the Shahzada's position as a lineal descendant of Tippu, Sultan of
Mysore.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD BAKAR walad AHMAD KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MUHAMMAD BAKAR ALI (of Kotaha), Mir.
The title is hereditary ; the Mir belonging to a Sayyid (Muhammadan)
family, claiming descent from Kasim AH Khan, who was the Physician to the
Imperial Court at Delhi, and acquired the Kotaha territory in the last cen-
tury in the following circumstances. The ruler of Kotaha was a Rajput Raja
named Dup Chand, a feudatory of the Raja of Sirmur. Being expelled by
the Sirmur Raja, he repaired to Delhi to get assistance from the Emperor ;
and having given one of his daughters to the Imperial zandna, and forced his
son to embrace Islam, he obtained some troops to reinstate him. The force
was accompanied by the Imperial Physician, Kasim Ali Khan, as Political
Agent. Both the Raja Dup Chand and his son, Fil Murad, died without
issue ; so Kasim AH Khan then established himself in their place at Kotaha.
His grandson, Mir Muhammad Jafar Ali Khan, obtained from General
Ochterlony, after the expulsion of the Gurkhas in 1815, the grant of the
jdgir of Kotaha. During the Mutiny of 1857 the Mir Muhammad Akbar
Ali Khan was suspected of sympathising with the rebels, and his fort at
Kotaha was destroyed. Again, in 1864, the fort was rebuilt, contrary to the
orders of Government ; it was again destroyed, and the Mir banished He
died in exile, and his grandson, the present Mir, was reinstated in his
estates. He has two sons Sayyid Muhammad and Muhammad Jdfar Ali.
Residence. Kotaha, Ambdla, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD BAKAR ALI KHAN (of Kunwa Khera),
Nawdb.
Bom 1851; succeeded his father, the late Nawab Amjad Ali Khan, in 1 875.
The title is hereditary, having been originally conferred by the King of Oudh,
Muhammad Ali Shah, on an ancestor of the present Nawab, and recognised by
the British Government in 1877. The Nawab is descended from Khwaja
Safi, a Kashmiri noble who took service with Asaf-ud-daula, fifth King of
Oudh. Khwaja Safi's son, Hakim Mehndi, was Nazim of Muhamdi and
Khairabad from 1799 to 1819 ; Prime Minister to Nasir-ud-din Haidar from
1830 to 1832, and to Muhammad Ali Shah in 1837. As Chakladdr he
made the district a garden, constructed numerous public works, and gained
the universal respect and affection of the people. He died 24th December
1837, and left a portion of his vast property to his brother's son, Ahmad
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 335
Ali, Nawab Munawar-ud-daula, who was the Prime Minister of the King
Muhammad Ali Shah, and himself connected by marriage with the King's
family. The latter was succeeded by his son, Nawab Ashraf-ud-daula, Amjad
Ali Khan, who was a General in the army of the King of Oudh. He was
succeeded by his son, the present Nawab, in 1875.
Residence. Kunwa Khera, Sitapur, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD BARKAT ALI KHAN, Khan Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 2Qth May 1868, for distinguished military and
police services. Belongs to a Pathan family j descended from Muhammad
Sahab Khan, who followed the Nawab Bahadur Khan from Peshawar into
India. The Khan Bahadur's father, Muhammad Arif Khan, was the son of
Abdulla Khan, alias Buddu Khan ; he entered the service of the British
Government, and on retirement on pension received a grant of land. The
Khan Bahadur entered the service of the British Government in 1847, and
rendered good service as a police officer in the Hoshiarpur district. In 1848
he was severely wounded in the fight at the Amb Bagh in the Jashwan Dan ;
where, under the orders of Lord Lawrence, then Commissioner of the Trans-
Sutlej States, he gallantly showed the way up the hill to attack the insurgents
posted on the top. Subsequently he became Risaldar of the Mounted Police
at Amritsar, and assisted in the capture of the 26th Native Infantry mutineers.
In 1860 he was appointed Tahsildar of Lahore, and distinguished himself
by his exertions in the cholera epidemic at Lahore in 1867; and sub-
sequently in raising mules and muleteers for service in Abyssinia. Appointed
Extra Assistant Commissioner of Lahore ; and has received the thanks of
the Government of India and of the Punjab for his valuable political ser-
vices. He is a Member of the Senate of the Punjab University ; and has a
son and heir, named Bashir Ali Khan.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD FAIZ ALI KHAN, SIR, K.C.S.I. (of Pahdsu),
Mumtaz-ud-dauld, Nawab.
The titles are hereditary, and were conferred on 9th September 1870
and 1 2th July 1881. Created a Knight Commander of the Most Exalted
Order of the Star of India, 28th January 1876. Belongs to an ancient
Musalman Rajput family, whose ancestors were Badgujars who settled in the
Bulandshahr district about 1185 A.D. Partab Singh was invited by Prith-
viraj, the last Chauhan Emperor of Delhi, to assist him against the Chandels ;
and he subsequently settled at Pahasu, where the family have ever since been
seated. He received a large territory as the dowry of his wife, the daughter
of the Dor Raja of Kol. Eleventh in descent from him was Lai Singh, a
favourite of the Emperor Akbar, who received from the Emperor the title of
Lai Khan ; hence this branch of the family is called Lalkhani. During the
reign of Aurangzeb, the family became Musalmans ; and in 1774 the
Emperor Shah Alam granted a large estate to Nahar Ali Khan. He and
his nephew, Dundi Khan, opposed the British in the Mahratta war in 1803,
and lost their estates. Dundi Khan was pardoned ; but again rebelling, his
estates were given to Mardan Ali Khan, another nephew of Nahar Ali Khan,
who had been faithful to the British cause. His large territories were divided
336 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
among his five sons ; one of them, the late Murad Ali Khan, was the father
of the present Nawab of Pahasu. Murad Ali and his son, Sir Faiz Ali,
behaved with conspicuous loyalty and bravery throughout the Mutiny of
1857. The latter was Commander-in-Chief of the Jaipur troops, and ren-
dered most valuable services, and was rewarded with a khilat^ an extensive
grant of lands, and the various honours already noted. He has distinguished
himself as the Prime Minister of the State of Jaipur, and also as the Super-
intendent of the State of Kotah. Is a Fellow of the Allahabad University,
and has been exempted from personal appearance in the Civil Courts. He
has a son and heir, named Muhammad Fayaz Ali Khan, born 1856.
Residence. Pahcisu, Bulandshahr, North-Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD PARRUKH SHAH, Shdhzdda (Prince}.
Born 1850. The title of Shahzada was conferred on i8th May 1881, as
a personal distinction, in recognition of the Prince's position as grandson of
the late Prince Gholam Muhammad, and great-grandson of the late Tippu,
Sultan of Mysore, the English equivalents of that title being indicated by
the courtesy titles of His Highness or Prince. The Prince also bears the
title of " Honourable " as a Member of the Bengal Legislative Council, to
which he was appointed in 1887, and reappointed in 1889. Was Sheriff of
Calcutta for the year 1891. Is an Honorary Magistrate, President of the
Central National Muhammadan Association, and one of the leading Muham-
madan nobles of Bengal. His grandfather, the late revered Prince Gholam
Muhammad, was well known both in India and in England. He twice visited
England, and had the honour of being received by Her Majesty the Queen
and the late Prince Consort, from whom he received some valuable presents.
Some letters written to him by the late Prince Consort are preserved by
Prince Farrukh Shah as the most valued heirlooms of the family. Prince
Farrukh Shah's father was the late Prince Ahmad Halim-uz-Zaman, who
died in 1884.
Residence. Taliganj, Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD PAZL-ULLA, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1868. The title was conferred on 8th October 1875, as a personal
distinction, in recognition of his position as son of His late Highness Zahir-
ud-daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD GHAUS, HAJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal ; it was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, and
recognised on i6th December 1891. Is also styled Intizam Khan Bahadur.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD GHAUS, SHAIKH, Khan.
The title is personal ; it was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic,
and recognised on i6th December 1891.
Residejice. Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 337
MUHAMMAD GHAYAS-UD-DIN, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889.
Residence. Thagi and Dakaiti Department.
MUHAMMAD HAMID, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1850. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth January
1883, in recognition of his position as the son of the Nawab Ahmad-un-Nisa
Begam, daughter of the Nawab Azim-un-Nisa Begam, and grand-daughter
of His late Highness Nawab Azim-ud-daula, penultimate Nawab of the
Carnatic.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD HAMID ALI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 23rd June 1829. The title was conferred on i6th February 1887,
as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty. Belongs to a Shaikh Sadiki family of ancient descent.
His grandfather, Muhammad Jamil-ud-din Khan, received from the Emperor
Shah Alam II. the titles of Nawab and Khan Bahadur. The Khan Bahadur
has rendered good service as a Judge in the Punjab.
Residence. Sahdranpur, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD HAMID-ULLA, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal ; it was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, and
recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. H yderabad, D eccan.
MUHAMMAD HASAN ALI, Mirza Bahadur, Sulaimdn Kadr.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the Mirza Bahadur as a
son of the late Amjad Ali Khan, fourth King of Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD HASAN ALI, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of a grandson of the late
Muhammad Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur's father
was Mirza Khurram Bakht.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD HASAN ALI, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of a grandson of the late
Muhammad Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur's father
was Mirza Azim-us-Shan.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
z
338 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD HASAN ALT KHAN, His Highness Mir.
Born 1 4th August 1824. Is the son of His late Highness Mir Nasir
Khan of Sind, who was born in 1802 ; became one of the ruling Mirs or
Princes of Sind in 1833, and died in 1845, two years after the annexation of
that Province. He was succeeded by His Highness the present Mir ; who
was born in the Fort of Hyderabad, and is now a political pensioner, living
in his own village, about three miles from Hyderabad, the ancient capital of
the Amirs of Sind. Before the annexation the Sindi title of the Mir Nasir
Khan was " Sarkar Faiz Asar " ; and that of the present Mir was " Sarkar
Rafiatmadar."
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
MUHAMMAD HASAN AZAD, MAULAVI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on
the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for
eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD HASAN KHAN, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of a son-in-law of the son of
the late Muhammad Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur's
father was Mirza Muhammad Jafar Khan.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD HASAN KHAN, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of a great-grandson of the late
Shuja-ud-daula", King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur's father was the Nawab
Hasan Ali Khan, grandson of that monarch.
Residence. O udh.
MUHAMMAD HASAN KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MUHAMMAD HASAN KHAN BAHADUR, KHALIFA SAYYID,
C.I.B., Wazir-ud-dauld Mudabbir-ul-Mulk.
The title was conferred on 2oth January 1883, as a personal distinction,
for eminent services rendered to the State of Patiala, and to the Empire.
His Excellency is the Prime Minister of the State of Patiala; and was
created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, ist
January 1886.
Residence. Patio" la, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 339
MUHAMMAD HASAN, HAJI, Khan Bahadur.
The .title is personal, and was conferred on 23rd February 1888.
Residence. Kermanshah, Persia.
MUHAMMAD HASHIM AKHTAR JAH, MIRZA BAHADUR,
Prince.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of the twenty-first son of His
late Majesty the King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD HUSAIN BAKR KAMYA, MIRZA BAHADUR,
Prince.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of the nineteenth son of His late
Majesty the King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD HUSAIN, KHALIFA SAYYID, Mushir-ud-dauld,
Mumtaz-ul-Mulk, Khan Bahadur.
The title of Khan Bahadur was conferred on 24th May 1889, as a
personal distinction, for good services rendered to the State of Patiala and
to the Empire ; and the other titles were similarly conferred, 2oth January
1883. Is the Foreign Minister of the State of Patiala.
Residence. Patidla, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD HUSAIN KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1886, for good
services rendered in the Army Medical Department as Assistant Surgeon.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD HUSAIN KHAN, SUBAHDAR, Khdn Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, in
recognition of good military services as an officer of the Second Sikhs.
Residence. 2nd Sikh Infantry.
MUHAMMAD IBAD-ULLA, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1839. The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October
1875, in recognition of his position as son of His Highness Zahir-ud-daula,
the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
340 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD IBAD-ULLA, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1837. The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth March
1876, in recognition of his position as son of Rashid-ud-daula, half-brother
of His late Highness Azim Jah, the first of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. M adras .
MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM, MAULAVI, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1856. The title was conferred on ist June 1888, as a personal
distinction. Belongs to a Muhammadan family, whose ancestor, Kazi Fakhr-
ud-din, settled in Jaunpur in the time of the Mughals. For important
services rendered during the Mutiny of 1857, Haji Imam Bakhsh, grand-
father of the Khan Bahadur, received a khilat and a considerable grant of
land. The Khan Bahadur is an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Jaunpur, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM ALI AWALI MARTABAT, MIRZA
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of the eighth son of His late
Majesty the King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3rd August 1874.
Residence. PesMwar, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD IJAZ HUSAIN KHADIM-UL-AIMA, MIRZA
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of the twenty-third son of
His late Majesty the King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD ISHAK, SAYYID, Tirazish Khdn Bahadur, Khdn
Bahadur, Shams-ul- Ulama.
This title is personal; it was conferred on i6th February 1887, on
the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for
eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Madras.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 341
MUHAMMAD ISMAIL KHAN, SIAL (of Jhang), Khan Bahadur,
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist January 1860, for
great and conspicuous services to Government. The Sials of Jhang are
a Muhammadan clan (originally Rajputs, but long ago converted to Islam)
of great antiquity, claiming descent from Rashid Khan, and until the time
of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh they possessed great power in the country
bordering on the Chenab. After the Maharaja had unsuccessfully attacked
Multan in 1810, he carried off Ahmad Khan, then Chief of Jhang (whom
he suspected of favouring Muzaffar Khan, the Nawab of Multan), as a
prisoner to Lahore. Subsequently Ahmad Khan received a considerable
jdgir in the Amritsar district; and on his death it was continued to his
elder son, Mayat Khn (the elder brother of the present Chief). Mayat
Khan was killed, fighting on the side of Diwan Sawan Mai against the
Raja Golab Singh of Jammu. Muhammad Ismail Khan, the present Chief,
in 1848, at the request of Major (afterwards Sir) Herbert Edwardes, raised
a force, and used his influence, which was great in the district, on the
side of the Government. During the Mutiny his services to the Government
were conspicuous. He has a son and heir named Kabir Khan.
Residence, Jhang, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD ISMAIL SAHBB, MIRZA, Khan Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD JAFAR ALI KHAN, Nawab Bahddur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of the
late Muhammad Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. The Nawab Bahadur
is the son of the late Muazzam-ud-daula, who married a daughter of that
monarch.
Residence, Lucknow, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD JALAL, MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the fifth son of the late
King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD JAM JAH ALI KARA AHMAD, MIRZA
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the third son of the late
King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
342 THE GOLDEN DOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD JOGI, MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the fourth son of the late
King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD KAMR-UD-DIN HAIDAR, Mirza Bahddur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of Amjad
Ali Shah, fourth King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur's father was Mirza
Mustafa Ali Haidar, son of that monarch. .
Residence. O udh.
MUHAMMAD KARAMAT-ULLA, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1870. The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October 1875,
in recognition of his position as a son of His late Highness Zahir-ud-daula,
the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD KARIM, MUNSHI, Khdn Bahadur.
Born January 1835. The title was conferred on i6th February 1887,
as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of
Her Most Gracious Majesty, in recognition of eminent services to the
State. Belongs to a very ancient Muhammadan family, claiming descent
from Omar, the second Khalif of the Prophet, and from Jamal-ud-din
Husain, whose doctrines are followed by the majority of Sunni Muhamma-
dans. An ancestor came to India in the reign of the Emperor Muhammad
Tughlak, and having received certain grants of land, settled in Kalimpur.
His descendants removed to Muhammadabad, when that town was founded
by Muhammad Ibrahim Surkhi. During the time of the Mutiny of 1857
the Khan Bahadur rendered good service by sheltering refugees, by procuring
supplies and information, and by helping to place a bridge of boats across
the Rapti. For these services he was made a Deputy Collector, and
received, as a khilat, a Sword of Honour bearing a suitable inscription.
In 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty
as Empress of India, he received a Medal of Honour and a Certificate
of Honour; and in 1887 the title he now holds.
Residence. Azimgarh, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD KARIM-ULLA, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1851. The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October
1875, m recognition of his position as a son of His late Highness Zahir-ud-
daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. M adra s .
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 343
MUHAMMAD KASIM ALI, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of the late
Muhammad AH Shah, third King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur is the
son of Rafi-u-Shan Mirza Muhammad Naki Ali Bahadur, one of the surviving
sons of that monarch.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD KASIM HUSAIN KHURSHED JAH, MIRZA
BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the eighteenth son of
the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD KAZIM HUSAIN KHAN (of Paintipur), Rdjd.
Born 1852; succeeded his father Raja Ibad Ali Khan in 1870. The
title is hereditary, having been originally conferred on Ibad Ali Khan in
1853 by the King of Oudh, and subsequently recognised by the British
Government in 1877. Belongs to the Shaikh Sadiki family known as
Khanzadas, and is the first cousin of the Raja of Mahmudabad. For
the family history down to the time of Muhammad Imam Khan, see the
account given of this family under the heading " Muhammad Amir Hasan
Khan, Raja of Mahmudabad." When Muhammad Imam Khan divided
his estates, the younger son, Mazhar Ali Khan, received Belahra in Bara
Banki as his portion ; and his grandson, the late Raja Ibad Ali Khan
(father of the present Raja of Paintipur), also acquired Paintipur, and became
Raja of Paintipur as well as Belahra. The Raja has a son and heir, born
in 1889.
Residence. Paintipur, Sita"pur, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD KHAN walad GHULAM HAIDAR KHAN,
Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Sind.
MUHAMMAD KHAN (of Kot Sarang), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary, the Raja being the head of the Janjoah Rajput
family of Kot Sarang. The Janjoah tribe of Rajputs were in early ages
very powerful. They were settled near the Salt Range, but having become
divided among themselves, they were dispossessed of much of their territory
by the Gakkars (see Karamdad Khan Gakkar, Raja of Pharwala) and by
the Awans. Raja Sarang was the founder of the Kot Sarang family. He
built the fort called Kot Sarang after his name, and was celebrated for
his valour; and was ultimately slain in a fight with the Afghans near
344 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Makhad. The sixth in descent from him was Raja Fateh Khan, father
of the present Raja, who was also a distinguished Chief. The family were
dispossessed by the Awans, but were subsequently granted some land by
the Sardar Dhanna Singh Malwai, a General of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh
of Lahore. Raja Muhammad Khan has three sons Ahmad Khan, Sardar
Khan, and Aziz Khan.
Residence. Jhelum, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD KHAN, Sardar Bahadur.
The title was conferred in 1857, as a personal distinction, in recognition
of his services during the Mutiny campaigns, and his conspicuous bravery
as an officer of the distinguished Corps of Guides. He retired as a
Risaldar-Major on a special pension 1871, and received a grant of lands
in the district of Peshawar. He is an Honorary Magistrate of Peshawar.
The Sardar Bahadur has three sons Yusaf Ali, Sabz Ali, and a third (still
a minor).
Residence. Peshdwar, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD KHAN (SIKANDAR KHAN), DEHLVI, Khdn
Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Tha"na, Bombay.
MUHAMMAD KHAN, HAJI, Nawdb.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Dera Ghdzi Khan, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD KHAN, LAGHARI, Sardar, Nawdb.
Born 1819. The title having been originally conferred by the Mir Nur
Muhammad of Sind on the Nawab's father, Wall Muhammad, in considera-
tion of his services and of his having been wounded several times in battle,
it has been recognised as hereditary by the British Government. Belongs
to the Laghari clan of Baluchis, and claims descent from Hot Khan Laghari,
who came to Sind from Kohistan with his son, Ghulam Muhammad Khan,
and remained in the service of the Mirs of Sind. Has rendered good service
to Government as an Extra Assistant Collector of Sind, for which he enjoys a
pension ; and he also holds some jdgirs in the districts of Hyderabad and
Shikarpur, Sind. The Nawab has a son and heir named Fateh Muhammad
Khan.
Residence. Hala, Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 345
MUHAMMAD KUDRAT AZIZ, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October 1875, in re-
cognition of his position as son-in-law of His late Highness Zahir-ud-daula,
the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD LATIF, SAYYID, Khdn Bahadur.
Received the title, as a personal distinction, on 25th May 1892, in
recognition of eminent public services rendered as Extra Judicial Assistant
Commissioner.
Residence. Punjab.
MUHAMMAD LUTF-ULLA, MAULAVI HAFIZ, Shams-ul-Ulama.
This title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for
eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD MAHMUD, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1845. The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth January
1883, in recognition of his position as son of the Nawab Ahmad-un-Nisa
Begam, the daughter of Nawab Azim-un-Nisa Begam, and grand-daughter of
His late Highness Nawab Azim-ud-daula, penultimate Nawab of the Carnatic.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMAD MAHMUD ALI KHAN (of Chitari), Nawdb,
Khdn Bahadur.
Born Qth October 1826. The Nawab belongs to the same Musalman
Rajput family as the Nawab Sir Muhammad Faiz Ali Khan, K.C.S.I., of
Pahasu, who is his nephew ; and the family history down to the time of the
Nawab Mardan Ali Khan, father of this Nawab, is given under that heading.
When the estates of the Nawab Mardan Ali Khan were divided among his
sons, Chitari came to Muhammad Mahmud Ali Khan. He rendered good
services during the Mutiny of 1857, and as a reward, on i6th September
1859, he received the title of Khan Bahadur as a personal distinction, with
a khilat and a grant of lands in Bulandshahr district. At the Imperial
Assemblage at Delhi on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation
of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, the title of Nawab was
conferred on him, as a personal distinction, for life ; and declared hereditary,
2nd January 1893.
Residence. Bulandshahr, North- Western Provinces.
346 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD MAJID MIRZA, Mirza.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of the late
Amjad AH Shah, fourth King of Oudh. The Mirza is the son of the Mirza
Muhammad Hasan Ali, Sulaiman Kadr (q.v.\ who is the surviving son of
that monarch.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD MOHSIN, MUNSHI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 23rd April 1831. The title was conferred on i6th February 1887,
as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty, in recognition of his long and faithful services to
Government. He is a nephew of the Chaudhri Muhammad Ashraf,
Chaudhri of Asifpur (g.v.\ in the Hardoi district. He rendered excellent
service during the Mutiny of 1857, and has been appointed a Deputy
Collector in Oudh.
Residence. Bilgrdm, Hardoi, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD MOHSIN, SAYYID, Khan Bahadur, Zul-Kadr.
Born 1832. The title is hereditary, and was conferred on loth September
1 86 1, on the father of the present Khan Bahadur, the Sayyid Muhammad
Nasir Ali Khan. He was the Deputy Collector of Allahabad at the time of
the Mutiny in 1857, and rendered loyal services to the Government. He
separated himself from the rebels, and assisted the garrison in the Allahabad
Fort by communicating information, furnishing supplies, and offering money.
In recognition of these services he received a khilat, the grant of some con-
fiscated estates, and the hereditary title of Khan Bahadur, Zul-Kadr. His
son, the present Khan Bahadur, Zul-Kadr, succeeded on the death of Nasir
Ali Khan, and has been appointed a Deputy Collector of the North- Western
Provinces. He has a son and heir, the Sayyid Muhammad Ahsan, born
22nd August 1869.
Residence. Jaunpur, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD MUNAWWAR ALI, Khdn Bahadur, Prince of Arcot.
Born 1859; succeeded the late Amir-i-Arcot (Prince of Arcot) in 1889,
and ranks as the first noble of the Carnatic. Is the representative of the
former Musalman dynasty of the Nawabs of the Carnatic, descendants of the
famous Anwar-ud-din, who was created Nawab of the Carnatic by the Nizam
of the Deccan. His son was the Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan, Walajah
Nawab of the Carnatic, who was supported on the masnad of Arcot by the
exploits of Clive against the French under Dupleix. His grandson was the
Nawab Azim-ud-daula, titular Nawab of the Carnatic, whose son was His late
Highness Prince Azim Jah, first Prince of Arcot, who was granted the latter
title by Her Majesty's letters patent, dated 2nd August 1870. He was
succeeded by His late Highness Zahir-ud-daula, second Prince of Arcot,
whose full titles, according to local usage, may here be recited His Highness
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 347
Azim Jah Umdat-ul-Umara, Amir-ul-Umara, Siraj-ul-Umara, Madar-ul-Mulk,
Umdat-ul-Mulk, Azim-ud-daula, Asad-ud-daula-al-Ingliz Zahir-ud-daula,
Muhammad All Khan, Muhammad Badi-ullah Khan Bahadur, Zulfikar
Jang, Fitrat Jang, Sipahsalar, Prince of Arcot. The present Prince of Arcot
is the son of Muazzaz-ud daula Khan Bahadur, and grandson of His late
Highness Azim Jah, first Prince of Arcot. He was granted the title of Khan
Bahadur, 3rd March 1876, and succeeded as Prince of Arcot in 1889. His
son and heir is named Muhammad Ali, born 1882.
Residence. Amir-Mahl, Madras.
MUHAMMAD NABI, Khdn Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Calcutta.
MUHAMMAD NAIYIM, MAULVI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
Born 2oth November 1834. This title is personal, and was conferred
on 1 6th February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her
Most Gracious Majesty, for eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him
to take rank in Darbar immediately after titular Nawabs. Belongs to the
family of Khwaja Abu Ismail Abdulla, Anseri, known as the Khwaja Pir of
Herat. The family was held in great esteem and respect by the Mughal
Emperors of Delhi.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD NAJAF KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being a representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MUHAMMAD NAKI ALI, Rafi-us-Shan, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the only surviving son
of His late Majesty Muhammad Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. The Mirza
Bahadur has three sons, all bearing the title of Mirza Bahadur, Muhammad
Askari, Muhammad Kasim Ali, and Muhammad Ali (see under each of their
names).
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD NAKIALI DILAWAR JAH, MIRZA BAHADUR,
Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the seventeenth son of
the late King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
348 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD NAKI KHAN, SAYYID, Muazziz-ud-dauld,
Ihtisham-ul-Mulk, Bahadur , Ahsan Jang.
The title is personal; it was originally conferred by His late Majesty
Wajid Ali Shah, King of Oudh, in 1849, an d was recognised by the British
Government in 1877. The Sayyid is the son of the late Mirza Abul Kasim
Khan, and married the daughter of His late Majesty Amjad Ali Shah, fourth
King of Oudh.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD NIZAM-UD-DIN, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1840. The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October
1875, in recognition of his position as son-in-law of His late Highness Zahir-
ud-daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence'. Madras.
MUHAMMAD RABNAWAZ KHAN, ALIZAI, Nawdb.
The title is hereditary. The father of the present Nawab was the Nawab
Faujdar Khan, who rendered good services during the Multan Campaign of
1848 under Lieutenant (subsequently Sir Herbert) Edwardes. For these
services he received the title of Khan Bahadur, as a personal distinction, and
a valuable jdgir. He also rendered good service during the Sheorani and
Kasrani expeditions. In 1854 he was deputed as Envoy to the Court of
Kabul; and in 1856, after the conclusion of the treaty with the Amir of
Kabul, Lord Dalhousie conferred on him the personal title of Nawab. In
1857 the Nawab went to Kabul again, where he remained till March 1859.
He received various further honours and rewards for his remarkable services ;
and in 1875 the title of Nawab was made hereditary, and all hisjdgirs were
made perpetual jdgirs. He died in 1875, and was succeeded by his son,
the present Nawab. The Nawab Muhammad Rabnawdz Khan has three
sons Mahmud Khan, born 1857; Aladad Khan, born 1862; Hakdad
Khan, born 1876.
Residence. Dera Ismail Khdn, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD RAHMAT-ULLA, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1862. The title is personal, and was conferred on 8th October
1875, in recognition of his position as son of His late Highness Zahir-ud-
daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. M adras.
MUHAMMAD RASHID-UD-DIN KHAN (of Delhi), Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Karauli, Rdjputdna.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 349
MUHAMMAD RAUSHAN ALI, Khan Bahadur, Firoz Jang.
The title is personal j it was originally conferred by the Nawab of the
Carnatic, and recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. M adras .
MUHAMMAD REZA ALI SULTAN, MIRZA BAHADUR, Prince.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of the thirteenth son of His
late Majesty the King of Oudh.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
MUHAMMAD SADIK, MUNSHI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1 3th July 1833. Belongs to a Kamboh (Musalman) family, claim-
ing descent from the Nawab Asad Khan, who settled at Meerut three
centuries ago, and was Wazir in the time of the Mughal Emperors. His
father, Haji Muhammad Mumtaz AH Khan, served the Government as a
Tahsildar and Honorary Magistrate. He has been a Deputy-Magistrate in
the Irrigation Department. Received a sanad in Darbar from Lord Canning,
and a khilat for loyal services during the Mutiny of 1857 also a Certificate
of Honour at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi on ist January 1877, on tne
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India; and the title of Khan Bahadur on i6th February 1887, on the occa-
sion of the Jubilee of Her Majesty's reign.
Residence. Meerut, North-Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD SADIK ALI KHAN, Nawab Bahadur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of His late
Majesty Muhammad Ali Shah, third King of Oudh. The Nawab Bahadur's
father was the Nawab Muazzam-ud-daula, who married a daughter of that
monarch.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MUHAMMAD SALAMAT KHAN, Rdjd.
Born 1835. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a family descended
from Chandra Singh, Gautam, of Mehnagar in Nizamabad. He had two
sons, Sagar and Abhiman. The latter became a Muhammadan and an
eunuch ; took the name of Daulat, entered the Imperial service of Delhi,
rose to be Wazir of the Household, and in 1612 A.D. was appointed Faujdar
of Jaunpur. His nephew Harbans, son of Sagar, assumed the title of Raja.
The grandson of Harbans, named Bikramajit, married a Muhammadan
wife, and had two sons, named Azam and Azmat. Azam founded the town
of Azamgarh in 1665, and built the fort there, which became the residence of
the family. Azmat was killed by the Imperial troops about 1688 for failure
to pay revenue, and was succeeded by his two sons in turn, Ikram and
Mahabat. The latter was imprisoned by the Nawab Vazir for refusing to pay
350 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
revenue, and died in confinement about the year 1731. His son Iradat,
alias Akbar Shah, was succeeded in 1756 by his son, Jahan Khan, who was
slain in 1 7 6 1 in a quarrel with the Nawab Vazir's agent. After the defeat
of the Nawab Vazir by the British forces at Baksar, a cousin of Jahan Khan,
named Azam Khan, established himself in the Raj, and retained it till his
death in 1771. His widow adopted a son named Nadir Khan, who appears
to have been a claimant of the Raj. He died in 1826, and was succeeded
as claimant by his eldest son, Mubarak. The latter died in 1858, and was
succeeded by his son, the present Raja, whose claim to the Raj was at last
allowed by the Government in 1866. The Raja is an Honorary Magistrate.
His heir-presumptive is his brother, Babu Muhammad Khalik Khan, born in
February 1849.
Residence. Azamgarh, North- Western Provinces.
MUHAMMAD SALAM-ULLA KHAN, Khan Bahadur, Nawab,
Born 9th February 1859. The title of Khan Bahadur was conferred on
ist June 1888, and that of Nawab on 29111 May 1891, as personal distinc-
tions, in recognition of his services and those of his family to the Govern-
ment. Belongs to a Shirani Pathan family of Dewalghat, Buldana district,
Berar. His grandfather, Muhammad Rahim Khan, received a jdgir for his
services rendered to General Sir Arthur Wellesley (afterwards Duke of
Wellington) in the campaign of Assai (Assaye), 1803 A.D. Muhammad
Rahim Khan's son was Muhammad Bismillah Khan, father of the present
Nawab, who is \hzjdgirddr and Magistrate of Dewalghat. The Nawab has
two sons Muhammad Nur-ulla Khan and Muhammad Aziz-ulla Khan ; and
three daughters, Mohr-un-Nisa, Budr-un-Nisa, and Shams-un-Nisa.
Residence. Dewa'lgha't, Buldana, Berar.
MUHAMMAD SAMI-ULLAH KHAN, C.M.G.
Has been created a Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St.
Michael and St. George.
Residence.
MUHAMMAD SAYYID BAKHT alias PIYARI SAHEB, Mirza.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of one of the great-grandsons of
the Prince Mirza Jahandar Shah, the heir-apparent of the Emperor Shah Alam,
the last independent Mughal Emperor of Delhi. The Prince, having incurred
the displeasure of his father the Emperor, fled from Delhi to Lucknow.
Subsequently, in 1788 A.D., he removed to Benares, to reside under the pro-
tection of the British Government. There the Palace on the river-side,
called the Shiwala, was given by Mr. Duncan, the British Resident, as a
residence for the Prince; and the family have lived there ever since as
political pensioners. One of the Prince's grandsons, Mirza Mahmud Jan,
was the father of Mirza Muhammad Sayyid Bakht.
Residence. Benares, North-Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 351
MUHAMMAD SHAH SAYYID, SUBAHDAR, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for dis-
tinguished services as an officer of the 2oth Bengal Infantry.
Residence. 2Oth Bengal Infantry.
MUHAMMAD SHAMS-UD-DIN HAIDAR, Mirza Bahadur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of His late
Majesty Amjad AH Shah, fourth King of Oudh. The Mirza Bahadur's
father was the Mirza Mustafa Ali Haidar, son of that monarch.
Residence. Oudh.
MUHAMMAD SIBGHAT-ULLA, Nigarish Khdn Bahadur Ihtisham
Jang Ihtisham-ud-dauld.
The title is personal ; it was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, and
recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. M adras.
MUHAMMAD SIDDIK HUSAIN, Khdn.
The title is personal ; it was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic, and
recognised by Government on i6th December 1890.
Residence. M adras.
MUHAMMAD TAKI ALI, Mirza.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of His late
Majesty Amjad Ali Shaft, fourth King of Oudh. The Mirza's father is the
Mirza Muhammad Hasan Ali Bahadur, Sulaiman Kadr (q.v.) t the only surviving
son of that monarch.
Residence. O udh.
MUHAMMAD TAKI KHAN, MIRZA, Khdn Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Kandahar.
MUHAMMAD USMAN KHAN, KHAN KHEL, Khdn Bahddur.
The title was conferred on 9th March 1881, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Kohat, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD YUSUF, Khdn Bahddur.
The title was conferred on 6th June 1885, as a personal distinction, in
recognition of his position as an eminent member of the Bar of the Calcutta
High Court.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
352 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUHAMMAD ZAPAR KHAN, KHATTAK (of Teri),
Khan Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 24th May 1881, as a personal distinction, in
recognition of his position and services as one of the Chiefs of the Teri
Khattak sept of the Akbar Khel clan of Pathans. Is the son of the late
Khwaja Sir Muhammad Khan, Khattak, K.C.S.I., of Teri, who died i8th
November 1889. Is descended from the head of the Western branch of
the Khattaks, who asserted his independence of the Khan of the Eastern
Khattaks, and assumed the title of Khan in 1780 A.D. The late Nawab
rendered long and loyal services to the Government, and was rewarded with
the title of Nawab in 1873, an ^ subsequently was made a Knight Com-
mander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Residence. Kohat, Punjab.
MUHAMMAD ZAKIR ALI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal ; it was originally conferred by the Nawab of the
Carnatic, and recognised on i6th December 1890.
Residence. Madras.
MUHAMMADQARH, NAWAB HAPIZ KULI KHAN, Nawab of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born ist October 1830; succeeded to the gadi i8th January 1848.
Belongs to an Afghan (Muhammadan) family, descended from Dalel Khan,
founder of the State of Kurwai (q.v.\ of which the Muhammadgarh State is
an offshoot. The Nawab's eldest son bears the title of Mian, and is called
Mian Hatam Kuli Khan. The area of the Statg is 27 square miles; its
population is about 5300, chiefly Hindus, but including about 900 Muham-
madans.
Residence. Muhammadgarh, Bhopdl, Central India.
MUHI-UD-DIN SHARIF, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878.
Residence. Madras;
MUKUND BALKRISHAN BUTI, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Nagpur, Central Provinces.
MUKUND DEB (of Khurdah), Rdjd.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2 9th March 1884. The
Raja is the present representative of the ancient Gangavansa dynasty of
Kings of Orissa.
Residence. Puri, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 353
MUKUND RAM CHANDAB, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878.
Residence. Bombay.
MUKUNDRAI MANIRAI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on gth June 1884.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
MULCHAND SONI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth January 1882.
Residence. Ajmir.
MULI, PARMAR SARTANSING-HJI RAMABHAI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 2th April 1834; succeeded to the #^2 29th June 1870. Belongs
to a family claiming descent from the great Pramara (Parmar) clan of Rajputs,
the Thakur being, it is said, the only Pramara Chief in Western India, and
almost the only surviving Chief of that great clan. The Pramaras were one
of the four divisions of the Agnikulas, or " Sons of Fire," of the heroic ages
in India the other three-being the Solanki, the Chauhan, and the Purihara.
Tod says of them in his learned Annals of Rdjdsthdn : " Though the Pra-
mara family never equalled in wealth the famed Solanki princes of Anhilwara,
or shone with such lustre as the Chauhan [of Ajmir and Delhi], it attained a
wider range and an earlier consolidation of power than either." The great
Chandragupta, the Sandracottus of the Greeks, was probably a Pramara
Rajput, and the last Pramara King of Chitor was conquered by the Gehlots,
probably in 714 A.D. The Thakur is known in Kathiawar by the title of
" Parmar Shri." The area of his State is 133 square miles; its population
is 19,832, chiefly Hindus. He maintains a military force of 79 cavalry and
230 infantry.
Residence. Muli, Kthiwar, Bombay.
MULTHAN, THAKUR DALPAT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1838; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1849. The Thakur
belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of his State is about
9000, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Multhdn, Bhopa"war, Central India.
2 A
354 E GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUMTAZ ALI KHAN (of Bilaspur, Atraula), Rdjd.
Born 6th October 1865. The title is hereditary; the original title of
Malik was exchanged for that of Raja by Adam Khan about the year 1650,
and the latter title was recognised by the British Government as hereditary
in 1879. Belongs to a very ancient Pathan family, claiming descent from
Khalid, son of Walid, the uncle of the Prophet. Its founder in Atraula was
Ali Khan of Manota, in the district of Muzaffarnagar. He accompanied the
Emperor Humayun in his expedition to Gujarat, where he incurred the
Emperor's displeasure by conniving at the escape of the Raja of Bikanir from
a beleaguered fort. Threatened with death, he openly rebelled, and joined
the old Afghan party of Sher Shah, by whom Humayun was for a time
driven into exile. Ali Khan then seized the Raj of Nagar in Basti ; from
which, after ten years, he was driven by a rising of the Hindus under the
son of the former Raja. He then encamped before Atraula ; and after two
years' siege he slew the Rajput Prince of that place, and in the year 1552
established the Raj, which is still held by his descendants. He refused to
submit to the restored Emperor Humayun, or to his son, Akbar the Great.
But in 1571 his only son, Shekhan Khan, tendered his submission to Akbar's
Viceroy in Oudh, and promised to bring in his father's head if he were
furnished with a sufficient number of troops. The unnatural battle was
fought at Sarai in Pargand Saadullanagar ; the son was victorious, and kept
his word by having his father's head cut off and embalmed, and he presented
it in person at Delhi, where it was placed as a trophy on the Ajmir Gate.
As his reward he received the title of Shri Khan Azam Masnad Ali, which is
still used in their signatures by the chieftains of this family. Shekhan Khan
was allowed to return to Atraula with his father's head and a grant of the
Zaminddri '; he raised a handsome tomb over the remains of his parent, and
ruled in Atraula for twenty years. His son, Daud Khan, engaged in a feud
with the Jan war Raja of Bhinga (q.v.) ; and it is said that he was such a
powerful archer that an arrow shot by him into the gateway of the Bhinga
fort was so deeply buried that it was never extracted till the time of the
Mutiny of 1857, when it was dug out by Mendu Khan, a General of the
rebellious Begam of Oudh. Daud Khan's son, Adam Khan, was the first
Chief of the family to exchange the title of Malik for that of Raja. His
descendants in later generations have been engaged in frequent bloody feuds
with their neighbours, the Rajas of Balrampur (q.v.) and Bansi. The late
Raja, Umrao Khan, who died in 1858, had been engaged for many years in
a desultory border warfare with the Chief of Balrampur, before the establish-
ment of the British rule in Oudh. His son, who succeeded as a minor, was
induced to join the rebels, and the rebel Begam of Oudh promised him a
share of the possessions of the loyal Chief of Balrampur. He died, however,
in 1865, leaving no male issue; but the present Raja was born as a posthu-
mous son on 6th October of that year. The Government decided that he
should succeed to his father's estates, which were under the management of
the Court of Wards from 1865 to 1886. The Raja has married a daughter
of the Raja Jang Bahadur Khan of Nanpara (ff.v.)
Residence. Atraula, Gonda, Oudh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 355
MUNNA LAL, Rai.
The title is personal, and was recognised in 1886.
Residence. Ludhia"na, Punjab.
MUNNA LAL, SBTH, Rat Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Mandla, Central Provinces.
MURAD ALI (of Malir), Jam.
Born October 1857. The title is hereditary; the present Jam succeeded
as a minor in September 1866. The Jam is the Chief of the Jokia clan of
Baluchis.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
MURAD ALI KHAN walad GHULAM MURTAZA KHAN,
Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MURDHAN SAH (of Barha), Rdjd.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Narsinghpur, Central Provinces.
MURID AHMAD KHAN walad NASIR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MURID ALI, KAZI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 7th January 1830. The title is personal; and was conferred on
1 6th April 1869. His great-grandfather, Muhammad Harun, came from
Herat and settled in Hala, Sind, at the time when Jam Sams was ruler of
Sind. His father was Muhammad Hayat. The Khan Bahadur has a son,
named Muhammad Arif.
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
356 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MURID HAIDAR KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH KHAN,
Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
MURID KHAN, Mulk or Malik.
Born about the year 1851. The title is hereditary; the Malik has
sanads of the Emperors Aurangzeb and Muhammad Shah in which this title
is used. Is the Chief of the Kalmati clan, which is a branch of the Rind
Baluchis.
Residence. Karachi, Sind.
MURLI MANOHAR, Rai Bahddur.
Born 1821. The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th August
1882, for services rendered to Government during the Mutiny and in the
Bhutan war. Belongs to a Kshatriya family. Is an Honorary Magistrate.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
MURSAN, Rdjd of. See Ghansham Singh.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
357
MURSHIDABAD, NAWAB SIR SAYYID HASAN ALI KHAN
BAHADUR, G.C.I.E., Nawab Bahadur of.
Born 25th August 1846. The Nawab Bahadur's full titles are
Ihtisham-ul-Mulk, Rais-ud-Daula, Amir-ul-Umara, Nawab Sir Sayyid Hussain
Ali Khan Bahadur, Muhabat Jang,
G.C.I.E., Nawab Bahadur of Murshi-
dabad. Is the eldest son of the late
Muntazim - ul - Mulk, Mohsin - ud - Daula,
Faridun Jah, Nawab Sayyid Mansur
Ali Khan Bahadur, Nussat Jang, last
titular Nawab Nazim and Subahdar of
Bengal, Behar, and Orissa. The late
Nawab Nazim resigned his position and
titles on ist November 1880. His
eldest son, the present Nawab, received
the hereditary title of Nawab Bahadur
of Murshidabad by a sanad, dated i7th
February 1882. In February 1887
he received the dignity of Knight Com-
mander of the Most Eminent Order
of the Indian Empire ; and was promoted to be a Knight Grand Commander
of the same Most Eminent Order in May 1890. In May 1887 he was
granted the khilat or style of Ihtisham-ul-Mulk, Rais-ud-Daula, Amir-ul-
Umara, Nawab Sir Sayyid Hasan Ali Khan Bahadur, Muhabat Jang. On
1 2th March 1891, by an Indenture entered into between the Secretary of
State for India in Council and himself, the Nawab Bahadur confirmed the
act of his father of ist November 1880; and received in return a fixed
hereditary position, with a settled income, and with the family estates in the
districts of Murshidabad, Calcutta, Midnapur, Dacca, Maldah, Purneah,
Patna, Rangpur, Hughli, Rajshahi, Birbhum, and the Santal - Parganas
attached to the title of Nawab Bahadur in taif male. This arrangement was
confirmed and validated by the Council of His Excellency the Viceroy and
Governor-General, by Act XV. of 1891, passed on 2 ist March 1891.
This arrangement confirmed to the Nawab Bahadur the rank and dignity of
Premier Noble of the Provinces under the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal,
with the hereditary title, in addition to that of Nawab Bahadur of Murshi-
dabad, of Amir-ul-Umara.
The Nawab Bahadur has five sons (i) Asaf Kadr Sayyid Wasif Ali
Mirza, born 7th January 1875 ; (2) Iskandar Kadr Sayyid Nasir Ali Mirza,
born 1 5th March 1876 ; (3) Sayyid Asaf Ali Mirza, born 26th April 1881 \
(4) Sayyid Yakub Ali Mirza, born gth June 1883; (5) Sayyid Mohsin Ali
Mirza, born i8th November 1885. The family arms adopted by the Nawab
are argent, a dolphin proper above a cheval regardant, also proper. Below
the shield the monogram N.B.M. The supporters are the lion and the
unicorn. The crest is a Zulfikdr (sword of the Khalif Ali) proper. The
motto is "Nil Desperandum."
The Nawab Bahadur is descended both from the Prophet and also
from Ali, the cousin and successor of the Prophet, who was married to
Fatima, the Prophet's daughter. Hasan, eldest son of Ali, left a son,
358 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Hasan Massanna, who married Fatima Soghra, daughter of Hussain All's
youngest son. One branch of the descendants of this marriage has held for
several centuries, and still holds, the office of Grand Sharif of Mecca. A
grandson of Hasan Massanna and Fatima Soghra was called Ibrahim Taha-
Tahaie ("the pure," "the unsullied"); and from this Ibrahim are derived
the Murshidabad family. His descendants were for some time rulers of the
province of Yemen in Arabia. Subsequently a descendant, Sayyid Husain
Najafi, was key -holder to the tomb of Ali at Najaf; and his grandson
was Mir Jafar, who became, on the fall of Nawab Suraj-ud-Daula, Nawab
Nazim of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa. The grandfather of Mir Jafar had
married a niece of the Emperor Aurangzeb. One of his uncles, Najafi Khan,
was Governor of the fortress of Gwalior; and another, Najaf Khan, was
Subahdar of Cuttack. Mir Jafar himself was at first Commander-in-Chief to
the Nawab Nazim Ali Vardi Khan, whose sister, the Nawab Shah Khanum,
he married. The Nawab Ali Vardi Khan became Subahdar in 1 740, and was
succeeded by his grandson Nawab Suraj-ud-Daula in 1756. He was suc-
ceeded by Mir Jafar, brother-in-law of Ali Vardi Khan, after the victory at
Plassey in 1757. In 1760 he was set aside for a short time in favour of his
son-in-law, Mir Kasim ; but again came into power after a few months, and
continued on the Masnad till 1765, when he was succeeded by his son,
Najm-ud-Daula. Mir Najm was succeeded in 1766 by his brother, Nawab
Saif-ud-Daula, and he by another brother, Mubarak-ud-Daula, a minor son of
Mir Jafar, in 1770. Mubarak-ud-Daula was succeeded by his son, Nasir-ul-
Mulk, in 1793, and this Nawab by his son, Ali Jah, in 1810. Ali Jah was
followed by his brother, Wala Jah, in 1821 ; and Wala Jah by his son,
Humayun Jah, in 1825. This Prince was succeeded in 1838 by his son,
the late Faridun Jah Sayyid Mansur Ali, the father of the present Nawab,
who was the last Nawab Nazim of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa. The grandfather
of the present Nawab Bahadur received from His Majesty King William IV.
a full-length portrait of His Majesty in original, and the dignity of the Grand
Cross of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order with the Insignia. The
portrait of His Majesty is one of the chief ornaments at the Palace at
Murshidabad.
Residence. The Palace, Murshidabad, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 359
MURTAZA HUSAIN (of Bhilwal). See Mustafa Husain.
MUSA, ALI RAJA, SULTAN (of Cannanore), Rdjd.
Born 1830. The title is hereditary, the Raja of Cannanore being the
representative of the old Moplah AH Rajas or Sea-Kings of Malabar and the
adjacent islands. Belongs to a Moplah (Muhammadan) family, said to have
been founded by Mamali Kidavu, a Musalman Minister of the Kolathiri
Raja of Malabar, who was appointed the " Ali Raja " or Sea-King of the
Laccadives and adjacent islands by the Cherakal Raja, who assigned him
a residence at Cannanore. It is remarkable that the family, though
Muhammadans, follow the Marumakkatayam law of inheritance general
among the Hindu Rajas of Malabar, under which the succession is with the
offspring of its female members, amongst whom the next eldest male is
always the heir-apparent. The present Sultan Ali Raja succeeded his pre-
decessor under this law on i5th November 1870. The agreement of 1796,
by which the family came under British control, was signed by the Bibi, a
female member of the family.
Residence. Malabar, Madras.
MUSTAFA HUSAIN (of Bhilwal), Chaudhri.
Born 3ist October 1849. The title is hereditary, having been so since
the time of the Emperor Shah Jahan in 1616 A.D., and recognised by the
British Government in 1877. Belongs to a Musalman family whose
ancestors, Khwaja Bahrain and Khwaja Nizam, accompanied the Sayyid
Salar to Oudh, and settled at Subeha. In 1616 A.D. Shaikh Nasir was
appointed Chaudhri of Subeha by the Empress Shah Jaham. In 1792
Chaudhri Imam Bakhsh largely increased the possessions of the family.
During the earlier period of the Mutiny of 1857 Chaudhri Sarfaraz Ahmad,
who had succeeded his father-in-law Chaudhri Lutf-ulla, took part in the
rebellion; but early in 1858 he made his submission, and rendered valu-
able services by opening communications with other rebel leaders and
detaching them from the rebel cause. In 1860 he was invested with the
special powers of an Assistant Collector. On his death there was pro-
tracted litigation as to the succession ; ultimately the estates were divided
between the widow of Sarfaraz Ahmad, Mussamat Bichan-un-Nisa, and the
present Chaudhri, who is the younger brother of the late Chaudhri. He
has a son and heir named Mujtaba Husain, born in 1874.
Residence. Subeha, Bara Banki, Oudh.
MUSTAMID KHAN BAHADUR. See Muhammad Zakir Ali.
MUTHUSWAMI, C., Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January ^890.
Residence. Madras.
3 6o THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MUTHUSWAMI AIYAR, T., C.I.E.
Born 1832. Created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, 1878, in recognition of his distinguished services in the
Judicial Service. Was appointed a Deputy Collector in 1859; Principal
Sadr Amin, 1865 ; Police Magistrate, 1868; Judge of the Court of Small
Causes, 1871 ; Fellow of the Madras University, 1872 ; Puisne Judge of the
Madras High Court of Judicature, 1883. Is a B.L. of Madras University.
Residence. Madras.
MUZAPPAR ALI KHAN, SAYYID (of Bahadurnagar), Rdjd.
Born 1867. The title is hereditary, the Raja being the representative
of the great and powerful Muhamdi Raj which was founded by Sayyids from
Kanauj, who settled first at Pihani, and subsequently owned Barwar,
Bhurwara, and Kheri. This Musalman family is descended from a Sonbansi
Rajput named Badar Singh, the offspring of a daughter of the Ahbans Chief
of Badiagaon in Hardoi by a Sonbansi Rajput. The Sayyid Kurram of
Muhamdi attacked the village of Badiagaon at a time when Badar Singh
and his brother, as boys, were staying there with their mother as guests of
their grandfather Dan Singh; he slew every one in the village except the
two boys, whom he carried off as prisoners to Aurangabad. Badar
Singh became a convert to Islam under the name of Ibad-ulla Khdn,
married the daughter of the Sayyid Kurram, and in 1734 ousted his brothers-
in-law and seized the great Muhamdi Raj. Ibad-ulla Khan was succeeded by
his son Mahbub Ali in 1737, having received the titles of Raja and Khan from
the Emperor of Delhi in 1730. The family went through many vicissitudes.
In 1837 Raja Aman Ali Khan on his death was succeeded by his son,
Raja Ashraf Ali, and in 1864 his title of Raja was recognised as hereditary
by the British Government. He was succeeded in 1867 by his son, Raja
Musharraf Ali Khan, who died in 1881, and was followed by his son the
present Raja, as a minor. Educated at the Benares Wards' Institute and
Aligarh College. Married to a daughter of the Raja of Nanpara. His heir-
presumptive is his step-brother, Ashfak Ali Khan.
Residence. Muhamdi, Kheri, Oudh.
MUZAPPAR BAKHT, Mirza.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of one of the great-grandsons
of the Prince Mirza Jahandar Shah, the heir-apparent of the Emperor Shah
Alam, the last independent Mughal Emperor of Delhi. For the family
history, see the account under the heading "Muhammad Sayyid Bakht,
Mirza." The Mirza Muzaffar Bakht is a first cousin of Mirza Muhammad
Sayyid Bakhl, being the elder son of Zafar Bakht, who was the brother of
Mahmud Jan.
Residence. Benares, North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 361
MUZAFFAR HUSAIN KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH
KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the Mirs
or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shika"rpur, Sind.
MUZAFFAR KHAN, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire for distinguished military services. Holds the rank of Risaldar-
Major in Her Majesty's Army.
Residence.
MY AT PU, MAUNG, AhmMan gaung Tazeik-ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1889. It means
"Recipient of the Medal of Honour," and is indicated by the letters A.T.M.
after the name.
Residence. Tharrawadi, Burma.
MYAT TUN AUNG, MAUNG, Thuye-gaung Ngweda ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888. It means
" Recipient of the Silver Sword for Bravery," and is indicated by the letters
T.D.M. after the name.
Residence. Chindwin, Burma.
MYLLIBM, Seim of. See Malliem.
MYO, MAUNG, Ahmi'idan gaung Tazeik-ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890. It means
" Recipient of the Medal of Honour," and is indicated by the letters A.T.M.
after the name.
Residence. Rangoon, Burma.
3 62
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
MYSORE, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA SIR CHAMA
RAJENDRA WADIAR BAHADUR, G.C.S.I., Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief, and one of the Premier Princes of the Empire.
Born 22nd February 1863; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 23rd
September 1868. Belongs to a Rajput (Kshatriya Hindu) family, whose
ancestors came to the south in
very early times from Dwarka
in Kathiawar. Of these, two
brothers, named Vijayaraj and
Krishnaraj, appear to have settled
in the Ashtagram division of the
Mysore dominions towards the
close of the i4th century ; and
one of them married the daughter
of the local palegdr or Baron of
the village of Hadanaru, and by
this means established his rule
in those parts. One of his
descendants, named Yedu Raya,
ruled over Mysore from 1399
A.D. to 1422, and was then suc-
ceeded by his son, Here Bettud Chamraj. The grandson of the latter was
a Raja named Here (or Arberal) Chamraj arberal meaning six-fingered^ in
allusion to a physical peculiarity ; and the six-fingered Raja's son was Here
Bettud Chamraj II., in whose time the fort of Mysore was built on the site
of a village formerly called Puragere, and was given the name of Mahesh-uru^
Buffalo-town, from Mahesh-asura^ the buffalo-headed demon destroyed by the
goddess Kali.
These Rajas were called Wadidrs or Wodeydrs of Mysore Wodeydr
being a plural or honorific form of Odeya, Kanarese for " lord."
Here Bettud Chamraj was succeeded by his two sons in turn. The
younger, Bole Chamraj, is said to have been named Bole, or The Bald,
because he had been made bald by a stroke of lightning. His grandson,
Raj Wadiar, ninth Raja of Mysore, was the greatest and most successful of
all these early Wadiars. He reigned from 1578 to 1 6 1 6 ; and in the year
1609-10 he seized the strong fortress of Seringapatam, formerly held by a
lieutenant of the Kings of Vijayanagar. The great Hindu kingdom of
Vijayanagar on the Tungabhadra had previously, in 1588, been subverted
by the alliance of the Muhammadan Chiefs of the Deccan, and the descend-
ants of the Vijayanagar dynasty had taken refuge at Penuakonda, where the
family ultimately became extinct ; so that Raj Wadiar of Mysore and his
descendants, having obtained possession of the important strategical position
of Seringapatam, rapidly increased their power and extended their dominions.
This process of aggrandisement continued down to the time of the Raja
Dodda Krishnaraj, who reigned from 1713 to 1730. His adopted son was
Hadinente Tingal Chamraj, who died in 1733, an d was succeeded by his
adopted son, Chikka Krishnaraj Chikka means "Junior," or "The Less."
The long reign of Chikka Krishnaraj, from 1734 to 1765, was hardly more
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 363
than .nominal, for during this period the famous Muhammadan Haidar Ali
rose to power, and ultimately became the sovereign of Mysore, retaining the
Maharaja as a puppet-prince. Haidar's splendid military powers, and those
of his even more famous son, Tippu Sultan, immensely increased the Mysore
dominions, and made the State the greatest in Southern India, and its rulers
the most formidable potentates in the whole country. Of the Maharaja
Chikka Krishnaraj's two sons, who nominally succeeded him, one was
strangled by orders of the Sultan, and the other died childless. Haidar
then, in order to retain the shadow of a Hindu dynasty, permitted the third
wife of Chikka Krishnaraj to adopt a young kinsman named Chamraj. Not
long before the fall of Tippu and the conquest of Seringapatam by the
British in 1799, Chamraj had died in captivity; and when the British
Government resolved that Mysore should revert to the control of the family
of its ancient rulers, an infant son of Chamraj, by name Krishnaraj, was
placed on the gadi. During the minority of the Maharaja Krishnaraj, from
1799 to 1810, the State was successfully administered by a Diwan or Prime
Minister, the famous Purnaiya, a Brahman statesman of great ability. The
affairs of the State, however, fell into disorder after the retirement of
Purnaiya ; and the misgovernment of the Maharaja Krishnaraj terminated by
the British Government assuming the direct administration of the country in
1831, retaining the Maharaja as the titular sovereign. On the i8th June
1865 the late Maharaja adopted as his son and successor the young prince,
now the Maharaja Chama Rajendra Wadiar, who was the third son of
Chikka Krishna Arasu, a scion of the Bettada Kote branch of the royal
house. The adoption was sanctioned by the Government of India in April
1867; and on the death of the Maharaja Krishnaraj in 1868 the present
Maharaja was duly installed in his place as titular sovereign. The young
Maharaja proved himself in every way so deserving of the position that in
1 88 1 it was resolved that the sovereign power should be restored to the
sovereign title : and on the 2 5th March in that year the " Rendition " the
term has become historical was carried out by the installation of the
Maharaja as a Ruling Chief, when the British Chief Commissioner handed
over his office to the Diwan or Prime Minister of His Highness.
The subsequent history of the Maharaja's rule has abundantly justified
the " Rendition." The good administration of the country, which had been
firmly established under the rule of Sir Mark Cubbon and his successors as
Chief Commissioners of Mysore, has been maintained and improved. Not-
withstanding that the State has been devastated by one of the most terrible
famines ever known that of 1877-78 and by several very serious droughts,
its general advance in prosperity under the Maharaja's rule has been marvel-
lous. His Highness has had the advantage of being assisted by several
Indian statesmen of the first rank and the highest abilities ; the place of the
late Diwan, Mr. Rangacharlu who was himself an administrator of no mean
power having been taken, very fortunately, by His Excellency the present
Prime Minister, Sir K. Sheshadri Iyer, K.C.S.I. (q.v.\ by whose aid the
Maharaja has attained an administrative success not surpassed in any part
of the Indian Empire, British as well as feudatory.
In all the ordinary duties of an Indian Government in the administra-
tion of justice, in the collection and expenditure of the revenue, in the pro-
tection afforded to life and property, in public instruction, in sanitation, in
public works it is admitted that the Government of the Maharaja can com-
364 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
pare not unfavourably with that of the Provinces under direct British rule.
In some highly important respects in the development of communications,
in female education, in precautions against famine, in the encouragement of
mining and other industries, and in the fostering of habits of local self-
government among the people it is held by many (and apparently with
some reason) that the State of Mysore is ahead of most of the rest of India.
The famous school at Mysore City that is known as " Her Highness the
Maharani's High-Caste Girls' School " in which 400 girls belonging to the
families of highest caste in Mysore receive a liberal education, largely from
Professors of their own sex and rank in life undoubtedly represents by far
the most successful attempt that India has seen to put the ladies of India
on the same intellectual level with their husbands and brothers. The
success of the gold-mining of Kolar is perhaps due as much to the wise and
liberal laws which regulate it as to the richness of the district in the precious
metal ; while the Principality is being opened out in every direction by
railways under State control or with State encouragement. The expenditure
on railways in this State in the year 1891 was nearly 3 million rupees.
In regard to local self-government, the "Representative Assembly of
Mysore," with which the Diwan every year takes counsel, which was insti-
tuted some years ago as a body nominated by the Maharaja, was in 1890
made elective ; and the Prime Minister, in his Address to the Assembly in
1891, thus commented on the results of the change :
" By command of His Highness the Mahdraja", I have much pleasure in
welcoming you to this Assembly, which meets here to-day for the first time under
the election system sanctioned last year. You come here as the duly elected
Representatives of the Agricultural, the Industrial, and the Commercial interests
of the State. Last year, when His Highness was pleased to grant the valued
privilege of election, he was not without some misgiving as to how the experi-
ment would succeed ; but it is most gratifying to His Highness that, though
unused to the system, the electoral body has been able, in the very first year of
its existence, to exercise the privilege with so much judgment and sense of
responsibility as to send to this Assembly men in every way qualified to speak
on their behalf. That men representing the capital, the industry, and the
intellect of the country should have already taken so much interest in the work-
ing of the scheme augurs well for the future of the Institution. His Highness
asks me to take this opportunity publicly to acknowledge the expressions of
warm gratitude which have reached him from all sides for the privilege of election
granted last- year."
But it is in its measures for the prevention and the relief of famines that
the Government of Mysore has earned its best and most enduring laurels, in
a reputation for prudent and far-sighted philanthropy. Those measures
were described fairly and minutely by the Prime Minister in his Address to
the Representative Assembly on the 4th October 1892 in the following
words :
" Before I proceed to take up the various departments of the State, you will
naturally expect me to say a few words regarding the severe drought through
which the whole of the Province, with the small exception of our Malnad Taluks,
has recently passed. In the Maidan parts of the Mysore and Hassan districts
the south-west monsoon was so scanty and precarious that the early dry crops
were completely lost, except in a few scattered favourable situations. The
northern and eastern districts did not get any of the early rains, and had in
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 365
consequence to defer the preparation of land for cultivation much beyond the
usual season. A few showers which came later on permitted of the sowing of
nearly the usual extent of land with the ordinary dry crops in most taluks.
These soon began to fade from insufficient moisture. The rain which fell
towards the end of September raised hopes of a favourable change in the season.
But by November it was evident that the north-east monsoon too had failed, and
that the general out-turn of dry crops would not be much above a four -anna
average in most taluks. The tanks had received no water, and wet cultivation
under them could not be attempted. The failure of fodder was widespread,
and altogether there was every indication of an impending distress of a very
aggravated type, and towards the end of November the price of food grains
began to rise rapidly, owing both to the local failure of crops and to large exports
to neighbouring Madras districts. In the beginning of December, by command
of His Highness the Mahdraja", I started on a tour through the worst taluks of
the districts of Mysore, Tumkur, Chitaldroog, Kola"r, and Bangalore. My
immediate object was not only to ascertain by personal observation the actual
condition of the country and the requirements of the people, but also to organise
the relief measures required for the different tracts, and chiefly to inspire the
people with confidence alike in the famine policy of the Government and in the
method proposed for carrying it out. One of the first things to attract my
attention was the insufficient supply of food grains at the various local markets.
It was evident that owners were holding back their stocks, partly in expectation
of a further rise in price and partly from fear of thefts and robberies, so fruitful a
source of waste and loss during the previous famine. I accordingly lost no time
in arranging for due police protection of grain in transit and at places of storage,
and for their safe and ready consignment by the railway. Local merchants were
duly apprised of the preparedness of the Government to meet any local insuffici-
ency by import of grain from outside the Province, while at the same time the
prices of food grains obtaining at the several weekly santes or markets in the
interior were ascertained and regularly published as a stimulus to local trade.
These measures tended to make prices more uniform and steady throughout the
Province, and there was heard afterwards no complaint of insufficient supply at
any local market. Another matter which I found necessary to impress upon
local officers early in my tour was the need of the greatest economy in the use of
the available supply of water in tanks. With the object of raising quick-growing
dry crops likely to yield an early supply of food and fodder, tank-beds which
were fast becoming dry were ordered to be leased for cultivation on very favour-
able terms. About 10,500 acres of tank-bed were thus brought under cultivation.
The crops raised were generally Bengal-gram and jolam. In the Tumkur district,
where the cultivation was timely and extensive, the aggregate value of the crops
thus raised is estimated over Rs. 90,000. In the other districts this class of
cultivation was not nearly so successful. To meet the serious want of fodder
which was apprehended, all State forests and plantations, as well as a large
number of Amrut Mahal KaVals, were thrown open for the free use of the raiyats'
cattle, without any restriction as to the taluks or districts from which they might
come. The total area of grazing land thus made available to the public was
1600 square miles, and it is reported to have been used for grazing nearly
519,000 head of cattle. Raiyats were also further permitted to cut and remove
tender date-leaves for use as fodder, a privilege which was eagerly availed of in
most taluks of Tumkur and Chitaldroog. In devising our scheme of Relief
Works my chief aim was to afford the poorer agriculturists, the landless field
labourers, the Holiyars, the Mddigars, etc., the means of earning a sufficient
livelihood near their own homes. It was believed they and their families could
live upon comparatively small wages if these could be earned near their own
villages, for in such a case they would be able to return to their homes at the
366 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
end of each day's work, take care of the infirm and young dependent upon them,
look after their cattle and other property, and receive from their neighbours any
additional help they might require. With this object in view, every affected
taluk was divided into a number of small circles, and for execution within each
such circle some suitable work or works were selected, so as to leave no inhabited
village without the means of earning fair wages, within a radius of three or four
miles. The works thus selected were * minor tanks,' whether yielding revenue
or not. The improvement of such tanks was of such vital importance to the
villagers as a body that there was every guarantee that the grants given for it
would be properly applied, and some good return shown for the money spent.
To meet the rare cases in which such minor tanks were not available, as also to *
provide work near villages after completion of the tanks taken up, a programme
of works of a supplementary character was got ready. These works were also of
special local utility, such as improvement of village sanitation, planting of topes
in villages and round the fringe of the waterspread of the bigger tanks, etc.
Such, in brief outline, was the scheme of relief upon which His Highness's
Government chiefly relied. Its execution was entrusted to the hereditary village
Patel, for it was deemed safer to rely uport the autonomy of the village than
upon paid agency from outside. A system of periodical inspection and general
control by the Shekdar and Amildar was established, and wide discretion given
to district officers as regards the details of execution, with due regard to local
circumstances. I am able to bear testimony to the fact that the entire Executive,
from the Patel to the District Officer, showed themselves fully equal to the high
responsibility thus placed upon them, and that the scheme of relief planned was
carried out with complete success in every affected part. Besides the regular
relief works, but under the same agency and serving the same object as those
works, were the drinking-water wells, for which a total grant of Rs. 1,38,000
(chiefly from local funds) had been sanctioned. There were in hand 850 such
wells, principally new wells undertaken wherever most needed, besides a number
of old wells which required deepening. They were all works of permanent
utility, but were of special immediate value, owing to the scarcity of good drink-
ing water which existed in most places. In addition to works under direct
Government agency, the employment of local labour on private works on a large
scale was established by the grant of Government loans to landholders for special
permanent improvement of their lands. The most important of this class of
works were the irrigation wells under the scheme I described to you last year.
The working of the scheme in each of the districts of Kolar, Tumkur, Chital-
droog, and Bangalore was entrusted to a special officer in subordination to the
Deputy Commissioner, and the distrust which raiyats at first evinced towards a
new measure of this kind soon gave place to an eager desire to secure the loans.
The number of applications received was so numerous that the grants had to be
confined to localities where provision for employment of labour was most needed.
The loans sanctioned aggregated Rs.2, 80,000 for 917 kapile and 530 yatam
wells, calculated to irrigate 5252 acres. Another important class of works for
which Government loans were given was the construction and repair of Saguvali
kattes. The restriction placed upon the construction and improvement of these 4
kattes by an order of 1873 was felt as a great hardship, especially in the Chital-
droog district, where much of the dry cultivation depends upon the retention of
moisture under these kattes. That order was accordingly withdrawn, and
special encouragement afforded for the construction and improvement of these
most useful private works by a system of Government loans. During the past
season loans to the extent of Rs.2 1,175 were sanctioned for 251 such works,
which when completed will benefit 5069 acres. A few loans were granted also
to enable Inamdars to repair their tanks. Of works referred to above, both
Government and private, about 2900 were in actual execution in the affected
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 367
tracts. They had the effect of keeping the people employed near their own
homes, and their sufficiency for purposes of relief is proved by the fact that
nearly 2400 of them could not be completed during the past season. We have
found them far more effective for real relief than large central works under pro-
fessional agency. Our main anxiety was to avoid the necessity for concentrating
large numbers upon distant works, for previous experience had shown that in the
earlier stages of famine the people can never be induced to leave their homes in
quest of employment on distant works, not because they are not in need of
employment, but because they are bound to their homes by ties they are unable
to sever. It is well known that before their cattle are lost, and the weaker
members have died, and themselves reduced to a famished condition, the people
do not quit their homes, and when eventually compelled to take this step they
are so demoralised that they are more likely to wander about aimlessly than to
settle down on distant works under a strange agency. We had, however, ready
at hand a programme of D.P.W. Relief Works for possible resort in the event
of the distress being unusually prolonged. But happily we had no occasion to
do more in this direction than expand the ordinary Public Works in some of the
affected tracts. Besides placing the means of earning wages within the ready
reach of the general population, we adopted several measures for the relief of
special classes. The most important among them were the weavers, the
demand for whose manufactures had all but disappeared owing to the high prices
of grain which prevailed. After much consideration of alternative measures, the
Government eventually adopted the system of purchase proposed by Mr. Mad-
hava Rao for the Bangalore district. Under this system the Government made
advances of money to local Sahukars of standing for purchasing on behalf of
Government the entire produce of the looms at the market value, to be resold
when the demand became re-established. The Sahukars were paid a small com-
mission, and in return they guaranteed the full recoupment of the advances
made. This system was the means of affording efficient relief to the industrious
weaving class, always the first to suffer on every occasion of widespread scarcity
and high prices. It was in operation at Bangalore, Dodballapur, Anekal, Kolar,
Melkote, Molkalmuru, and other weaving centres. The advances made amounted
to Rs.85,3oo, including commission and other charges. A sum of Rs.34,58o
has already been recovered by the resale of cloths purchased, and the balance
is under process of realisation. The final net expenditure is expected to be
trifling compared with the large numbers relieved. In Bangalore City alone
the relief thus given extended to 4000 looms with 10,000 weavers. Another
class for whom special relief was found necessary were the minor village servants
---the Madiga, the Toti, the Talavar, etc. The contributions from villagers on
which they generally subsist cease during every season of a general failure of
crops. 851 of them, employed in watching Ukkads or Police outposts and
doing quasi Police duties, were paid a monthly salary of Rs.3 each as a tem-
porary measure, which has to be continued till the next harvest. Others not so
employed were paid wages as work-overseers, gangmen, etc., on relief works
under execution. A number of Holeyars and Madigars were given employment
in the collection of Tangadi bark in the Kolar district, and of bamboos for the
Government depots in that and the Mysore district. Compensation for dearness
of gram had to be given to the Silledars, amounting up to the end of June to
over Rs.8,ooo. It will probably have to be continued till the next gram harvest.
A moiety of the Potgi allowances of village officers was ordered to be paid on
application before the date on which they were payable. With the arrangements
made for the relief of general and special classes, gratuitous relief was found to be
unnecessary, except to a very insignificant extent. Further relief was given by
the remission of one-half of the assessment on all wet lands under tanks which
lay waste or could only be cultivated with dry crops, and one-half of the quit-
368 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
rent on all Service Inam lands of the minor village servants, and the Mohatarfa
house-tax of the poorer landless classes. The total of remissions thus given
amounts to about four lakhs. Besides this, six lakhs of revenue had to be post-
poned, and much of this will have to be remitted eventually."
The area of the State is 24,709 square miles, which is more than double
the combined area of Switzerland and Saxony. Its population is 4,186,188,
chiefly Hindus, but including 200,484 Muhammadans and 29,249 Chris-
tians, which is more than double the population of Norway, and about equal
to that of Portugal. His Highness the Maharaja, who was created a
Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India
on 23rd May 1884, maintains a military force of 1173 cavalry, 3425
infantry, and 10 guns, besides an Imperial Service Corps for the special
service of frontier defence. His Highness has issue several sons and
daughters ; both Princes and Princesses being highly educated under capable
instructors, both English and Indian. He is entitled to a salute of 2 1 guns.
The arms displayed on His Highness's banner, which was unfurled at the
Imperial Assemblage at Delhi ist January 1877, on the occasion of the
Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, were
Arms. Murrey (the Indian Bhagwd\ a garur berunda (sacred double-
headed eagle), displayed argent, beaked and armed or. Crest. A lion passant,
carrying an antelope's head, all proper. Supporters. Satvas (yalz), elephant-
headed tigers, sable, armed and unguled or.
Residences. The Palace, Mysore ; The Palace, Bangalore ; Utakamand, etc.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 369
NABHA, HIS HIGHNESS FARZAND-I-ABJUMAND AKIDAT
PAIWAND DAULAT-I-ING-LISHIA BARAR BANS SAR-
MUR RAJA SIR HIRA SINGH, MAIWANDAR BAHA-
DUR, G.C.S.L, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1843; succeeded to the gadi 9th June 1871. Belongs to the
great Sidhu Jat family, known as the Phulkian family, from its founder
Phul ; which has given ruling families to Patiala, Jind, Nabha, Bhadaur,
and other Punjab States. The Raja of Nabha is descended from Tiloka,
the eldest son of Phul ; whose great-grandson, Hamir Singh, founded the
town of Nabha in 1755 A.D. He joined the Sikh Chiefs in the great battle
of Sirhind, when Zain Khan, the Muhammadan Viceroy, was slain; and
established a mint at Nabha, as a mark of independence. In 1808-9 tne
State came under British control, in the time of Raja Jaswant Singh;
but his son, Raja Devendra Singh, neglected to furnish supplies to the
British troops during the first Sikh war in 1845, an d was consequently
deposed, pensioned, and his son, Raja Bharpur Singh, installed in his place.
During the Mutiny of 1857 Raja Bharpur Singh rendered most valuable
services, and was rewarded with a large increase of territories. He was
succeeded by his brother, Raja Bhagwan Singh, who died without issue in
1871. By the sanad of 5th May 1860 it had been provided that if either
of the three' great Phulkian Princes (Patiala, Jind, Nabha) died without
heirs, a successor to his Raj should be chosen by the other two Chiefs from
among the descendants of Phul; consequently, on the death of Raja
Bhagwan Singh in 1871, the present Raja, Hira Singh (then a jdgirddr of
Jind, but a scion of the family of Tiloka), was selected and placed on the
gadi. He has been created a Knight Grand Commander of the Most
Exalted Order of the Star of India, and granted the privilege of adoption.
On the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as
Empress of India in 1877, ne was granted an addition to his titles, and an
increase of his salute from 1 1 to 13 guns, as a personal distinction. The
area of the State is 928 square miles; its population 261,824, chiefly
Hindus, but including 77,682 Sikhs and 50,178 Muhammadans. His
Highness maintains a military force of 366 cavalry, 1253 infantry, and 18
guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 1 3 guns (including 2 personal guns).
Residence. Na"bha, Punjab.
2 B
370 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NABHULAL NANHALAL, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on gth June 1883.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
NABI BAKHSH, SARDAR (of Kapurthala), C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, for distinguished services to the Kapurthala State, pth November
1880.
Residence. Kapurthala", Punjab.
NABI BAKHSH walad SHBR MUHAMMAD (of Nurpur),
Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
NABI BAKHSH walad GHULAM MURTAZA KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikdrpur, Sind.
NADIR, C.I.B., Shdhzdda.
Born 1827. The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a younger
son of the late Shah Shuja-ul-Mulk, ex-King of Kabul, who was restored to
the throne of Afghanistan by the aid of British troops. The Shahzada has
received the honour of the Companionship of the Most Eminent Order of
the Indian Empire; and has five sons (i) Hamdam, who has a son named
Muzaffar Jang ; (2) Muhammad Akbar ; (3) Muazzam ; (4) Muhammad
Umar; (5) Muhammad Mukhtar.
Residence. Ludhidna, Punjab.
NADIR BAKHT, Mirza.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a descendant of Prince
Mirza Jahandar Shah, heir-apparent to Shah Alam, the last independent
Mughal Emperor of Delhi. The Mirza is a brother of the Mirza Muzaffar Bakht
(q.v.\ and they are both first cousins of Mirza Muhammad Sayyid Bakht,
under the heading of whose name will be found an account of the descent
of this family, who have lived peacefully at Benares under the protection of
the British Power since 1788. The Mirza is one of the sons of the late
Mirza Zafar Bakht.
Residence. Benares, North- Western Provinces.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 371
NAGO SAYAJI, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. B ombay .
NAGOD, RAJA JADUBIND SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 3oth December 1855; succeeded to the gadi i2th June 1874.
Belongs to a Parihar Rajput family ; which has, through many vicissitudes,
ruled at Nagod for the last 900 years. The State was at one time feudatory
to Panna; but in 1809 the Raja Lai Sheoraj Singh obtained a sanad direct
from the British Government. He was succeeded in 1818 by his son, Raja
Balbhadra Singh, who was deposed in 1831, his son, Raghubind, succeed-
ing as a minor. Raja Raghubind Singh rendered good service during the
Mutiny of 1857, and was rewarded by the grant of extended territories,
the right of adoption, and the honour of a salute. He died in 1874, and
was succeeded by his son, the present Raja. The State has an area of 450
square miles; and a population of 79,629, chiefly Hindus, but including
7965 belonging to aboriginal tribes. The Raja maintains a military force of
6 cavalry, 1 1 6 infantry, and 4 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 9 guns.
The banner of the family is yellow, bearing a trisul or sacred trident on the
field ; with a Hindi motto, meaning " Faithful in perilous times."
Residence. Nagod, Baghelkhand, Central India.
NAHAN, His Highness the Rdjd of. See Sirmur.
NAIGAON RIBAI, THAKURAIN LARAI DULAYA, Jdgirddrin of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839 ; succeeded to the gadi on the death of her late husband, the
Kunwar Jagat Singh, 28th October 1867. Belongs to a Dawa Ahir family.
Lachman Singh, father of the late Thakur, was originally a Sardar of Jaitpur;
but having possessed himself of the territory of Naigaon Ribai, he received
a sanad from the British Government in 1807, confirming him in the pos-
session. He died in 1808, and was succeeded by his son, the late
Kunwar Jagat Singh. The area of the State is about 8 square miles;
its population 3365, chiefly Hindus. The Thakurain maintains a military
force of 6 cavalry, 5 1 infantry, and i gun.
Residence. Naigaon Ribai, Bundelkhand, Central India.
NAJAF ALI KHAN walad ALI GAUHAR KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikarpur, Sind.
372 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NAJM-UD-DIN HUSAIN, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1852. The title was conferred on 8th October 1875, as a P er "
sonal distinction, in recognition of his position as son-in-law of His late
Highness Zahir-ud-daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. Conjeveram, Madras.
NAJM-UD-DIN HUSAIN, SAYYID, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Thagi and Dakaiti Department, Simla.
NAKI ALI KHAN, Majid-ud-dauld.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a son of a grand-
daughter of the late Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Oudh.
Residence. Oudh.
NALAGKARH, Rdjd of. See Hindur.
NALDANGA, RAJA PRAMADA BHUSAN DEB RAI, Rdjd of.
Born 22nd December 1858; succeeded his father, Raja Indu Bhusan
Deb Rai, ninth Raja of Naldanga, in 1871, as a minor. Belongs to a
family claiming descent from Vishnu Das Hazra, who was settled in Jessore
district, Bengal, in the beginning of the i6th century. His son,
Srimanta Rai, is said to have distinguished himself by slaying a rebel
Pathan Chief, and to have obtained for this service from the Subahdar of
Bengal a jdgir and the title of "Ranabir Khan." Three generations later
Chandi Charan Deb Rai, who died in 1656 A.D., slew the Raja Kedareswar,
and consequently obtained the title of Raja from the Emperor Shah Jahan.
His successor, Indra Narayan, second Raja, built a great many Hindu
temples, which are still in existence. The third Raja, Surya Narayan Deb
Rai, died in 1698 A.D. ; the fourth, Rain Deb Rai, in 1746 A.D. ; and the
fifth, Krishna Deb Rai, in 1788 A.D. The late Raja, Indu Bhusan Deb
Rai, was born in 1836, and enjoyed the estate as ninth Raja from 1854 to
1871. The present Raja came of age in December 1879, and received
the title, as a personal distinction, on 26th June 1885. He has established
scholarships for Sanskrit learning, and medals for female education, for
which he has received the thanks of Government. He also founded and
maintained a " Higher Class English School," and a Dispensary. Has been
appointed Member of the District Board, Jessore ; and elected a Member of
the British Indian Association. Has two sons Pannaga Bhusan Deb
Rai, born 1882; Mriganka Bhusan Deb Rai, born 1889. The family
arms are argent, a crescent moon proper, in chief a trident between two
cross-swords proper.
Residence. " Hazra Asrama," Naldanga, Jessore, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 373
NALE, LASHKARI KANHA PADVI, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Bom 1860 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1872. The area of the
State, which is one of the Mewas States of Khandesh, is 30 square miles; its
population about 300, chiefly Bhils (aborigines), to which tribe also the Chief
belongs.
Residence. Na"le, KMndesh, Bombay.
NALINAKSHA BASU (BOSS), Rai Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 2oth May 1890, as a personal distinction, in
recognition of eminent services as an Honorary Magistrate, and as Chairman
of the Burdwan Municipality.
Residence. Burdwan, Bengal.
NAM NARAYAN SINGH (of Rdmgarh), Raja.
The title was conferred on 24th May 1889 as a personal distinction, in
recognition of the Raja's position as the present representative of the Ram-
garh Rajas.
Residence. Rdmgarh, Hazdribagh, Bengal.
NANA MOROBA, Rao.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist November 1859.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
NANABHAI KAVASJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2oth May 1890.
Residence. B ombay.
NANAK CHAND, Rai Bahadur.
Born July 1828. The title was conferred on 6th June 1885 as a per-
sonal distinction, for long and meritorious service. Belongs to a Kayastha
family of Rampur Manihar in the Saharanpur district. Rai Shajtunbari Das,
father of the Rai Nanak Chand Bahadur, was a Deputy Collector in the
Punjab, and his three brothers also hold important places of trust in Her
Majesty's service.
Residence. Sahdranpur, North- Western Provinces.
NANAK CHAND, LALA, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Ra"jputa"na.
NAND KISHOR DAS, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890.
Residence. Orissa, Bengal.
374 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NANDGAON, RAJA BALRAM DAS, Mahant of.
A Ruling Chief.
Title of Raja Bahadur conferred, as a personal distinction, 2nd January
1893. Born 1866 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 4th November 1883.
Belongs to a Bairagi (Hindu of the Ascetic Mendicant caste, but of an order
that is allowed by its rules to marry) family, and has received the title of
Raja as a personal distinction. The feudal tenure of this State was originally
conferred by the Mahratta Raja of Nagpur on his family priest, and the title
of Mahant has been recognised by the British Government. The late Chief,
Mahant Ghazi Das, was an able and energetic ruler, and was succeeded in
1883 by his son, the present Mahant. The area of the State is 155 square
miles; its population is 16,764, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Nandgaon, Raipur, Central Provinces.
NANDSHANKAR TULJASHANKAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on tn e
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
NANGAON, THAKUR ZALIM SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1815; succeeded to the gadi in 1833. Belongs to a Rajput
(Hindu) family.
Residence. Nangaon, Western Mdlwd, Central India.
NANKE, MAUNG KUN KYB, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is Chief of one of the Shan States of the Burma
frontier, which has an area of about 80 square miles, and a population con-
sisting chiefly of Shans.
Residence. Nanke, Shan States, Burma.
NANKOK, KUN LON, Myoza of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Myoza is Chief of one of the Shan States, Burma ; having an area
of about 40 square miles, and a population consisting chiefly of Shans.
Residence. Nankok, Shan States, Burma.
NANKON, MAUNG PYAN, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is the Chief of one of the Shan States, Burma ; with
an area of about 12 square miles, and a population consisting chiefly of
Shans.
Residence. Nankon, Shan States, Burma.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
375
NANPARA, Raj a of. See Jang Bahadur, C.I.E. (of Nanpara), Rdjd.
NANTOK, MATING KUN PU, Ngwegunhmu of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Ngwegunhmu is Chief of one of the Shan States, Burma ; which has
an area of about 30 square miles, and a population consisting chiefly of
Shans.
Residence. Nantok, Shan States, Burma.
NAOROJI MANIKJI WADIA, C.I.E.
Was created a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian
Empire, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Bombay.
NAOROJI NASIRWANJI WADIA,
C.LE.
Was created a Companion of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, 25th
May 1889. Has received from Her Majesty,
through the Garter King of Arms, a grant of
arms, as shown in the margin.
Arms. Azure, on a fesse or, in chief an
anvil of the last encircled by two branches of the
cotton-tree, slipped, and in base a ship under
sail at sea, all proper ; a rose, gules barbed and
seeded between two bees volant of the third.
Crest. In front of a sun rising a cubit-arm
erect, proper, vested above the elbow, argent,
holding a double-headed hammer, also proper.
Residence. B ombay.
NAOROJI PESTANJI, VAKIL, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 2nd January 1888.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
NAOROZ KHAN, SARDAR, SIR (of ; Kharan), K.C.I.E.
Was created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, 24th May 1888.
Residence. Kharan.
376 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NARASIM AIYANGAR, Rai Bahadur.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Belongs to a distinguished Brahman family, and is famous for the eminent
services he has rendered to the cause of Indian education. Under the
sanction and encouragement of their Highnesses the Maharaja and Maharani
of Mysore, the Rai Bahadur has elaborated a plan for the higher education of
the women of the upper classes of Mysore, which has been remarkably suc-
cessful, and in accordance with this plan Her Highness the Maharani's High
Caste Girls' School of Mysore is effecting almost a revolution in the standard
of education among the ladies of that province.
Residence. Mysore.
NABA SINGHA EAO, Rao Bahadur.
Born 1827. The title is personal, ! and was conferred on ist January
1889. Is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, and also of the Royal
Astronomical Society.
Residence. Vizagapatam, Madras.
NARAYAN BALWANT BHISE, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on loth February 1882.
Residence. Bombay.
NARAYAN BALI (of Rdmpur), Rai. See Rampur, Rai of.
NARAYAN BHAI DUNDBKAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Berar.
NARAYAN DAS, Rai Bahadur.
Born 22nd August 1836. The title was conferred on ist January 1886,
as a personal distinction, for long and meritorious services rendered to
Government, dating from 1855. Belongs to an Agarwala family that origin-
ally came from Alwar in Rajputana, and settled at Agra. The Rai Bahadur
is Judge of the Small Cause Court of Lucknow.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
NARAYAN DHANAJIRAO THORAT, Dinkar Rao.
The title is hereditary. .Belongs to a family claiming descent from
Maha Saji Rao. His descendant, Krishna Rao, received the title of Dinkar
Rao from the Baba" Saheb, Mahdraja of Satara. The family cognisance or
crest is a talwdr or Indian sword, point to the left, edge upward. The
father of the present Dinkar Rao was named Dhanaji Thorat, Dinkar Rao.
Residence. Sdtdra, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 377
NARAYAN KRISHNA (or NARAYANRAO KRISHNARAO),
Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th May 1883.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
NARAYAN PANDURANG BANAVALKAR, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on loth May 1884.
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
NARAYAN RAO, Rao Saheb.
The title is hereditary, the Rao Saheb being descended from the old
Mahratta rulers of Sagar. Ganpat Rao was the founder of this branch of
the family.
Residence. Sdgar, Central Provinces.
NARAYAN RAO, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Wardha, Central Provinces.
NARAYAN RAO URF NANA SAHEB GHORPADB (of Datwad),
Amir-ul-Umara Ghorpade Malanmat Madar, Sendpati.
The title is hereditary, the Ghorpade being the descendant and repre-
sentative of Maloji Rao Ghorpade, who obtained these titles, including that
of " Senapati," or Commander-in-Chief, from the Maharaja of Kolhapur. At
the time of the Mahratta war the Ghorpade aided the British against the
Peshwa, and consequently his honours were declared hereditary by the
British Government. Narayan Rao is the son of the late Amir-ul-Umara
Ghorpade, Ram Chandra Rao.
Residence. Belgaum, Bombay.
NARAYAN (RAGHUNATH) SHASTRI GOKHLE,
Mahdmahopddhydya.
This title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty, for
eminence in oriental languages. It entitles him to take rank in Darbar
immediately after titular Rajas.
Residence. Kolhdpur, Bombay.
NARAYAN SINGH (of Kang), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is descended from Sardar Gaur
Singh, who, with his two brothers, the Sardars* Dargaha Singh and Dharm
Singh, took possession of Kang and the surrounding territory on the decline
of the Mughal Empire in the last century. Sardar Gaur Singh's son was
Sardar Hari Singh, whose grandson, Sardar Bhup Singh, was the father of
the present Sardar.
Residence. Ja"landhar, Punjab.
37 8 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NARAYAN SINGH (of Dhalewala), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Jdlandhar, Punjab.
NARAYAN SINGH, Kunwdr.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a son of the late Maharaja
Sher Singh.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
NARAYAN SINGH, MIAN, Rai Bahadur.
The Mian has rendered good service in the Police of the Punjab, and
received the title of Rai Bahadur as a personal distinction on 25th May 1892.
Residence. Punjab.
NARAYAN VASUDEO BARVB, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th February 1885.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
NARAYAN VISHNU BAPAT, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 241)1 May 1889.
Residence. Bombay.
NARAYANRAO APPAJI VAD, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 29th June 1886.
Residence. Ndsik, Bombay.
NARAYANRAO BHIKAJI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Jhabua, Central India.
NARAYANRAO SAKHARAM PHADNIS, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 29th May 1886.
Residence. Sa"ta*ra, Bombay.
NARAYANRAO TRIMBAK, Rao Bahadur.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Na"sik, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 379
NARAYANRAOJI NISAL, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on igth October 1885.
Residence. Ahmadnagar, Bombay.
NARAYANSWAMI MUDALIYAR, Rai Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India. The Rai Bahadur belongs to a family of Arcot, Madras.
Residence. Bangalore, Mysore.
NARBHERAN RAGHUNATH DAS, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Ahmadabad, Bombay.
NARBNDRA BAHADUR SINGH (of Haraha), Rdjd.
Born 27th April 1851. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Surajbans
family that came from Kumaun about 350 years ago and settled first at
Faizabad. Bisram Singh was the founder of the family ; eighth in descent
from him was Raja Lachmi Narayan Singh of Haraha. Eight generations
later was the Raja Chattarpat Singh, who died in 1859, and was succeeded
by his son, the present Raja. The Raja has a son and heir, named Rahuraj
Singh, born 1877.
Residence. Ranikatra, Pargana" Daryabad, Bard Banki, Oudh.
NARBNDRA KRISHNA (DEB), SIR, K.C.I.E., Mahdrdjd Bahadur.
Born loth October 1822. Belongs to the Sobha Bazar family of
Calcutta, whose ancestors are said to have enjoyed honours conferred by
the Mughal Emperors and the Nawabs of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa.
The founder of the family was the Maharaja Nava Krishna, who obtained a
medal from Lord Clive, and the title of Maharaja Bahadur, for his services
during the war with the Nawab Suraj-ud-daula and the establishment of the
British Power in Bengal after the battle of Plassey. He was famous for his
munificence. Amongst other works of benefit to the public he constructed
a good road from Diamond Harbour to Kalpi, a distance of eight miles.
Despairing of having any male issue, he adopted one of his nephews, the
Raja Gopi Mohan Deb (see Rajendra Narayan Deb, Raja Bahadur) ; but
subsequently a son was born to him, the Raja Raj Krishna Deb Bahadur
(father of the present Maharaja), and he consequently divided his estates
between his own son and his adopted son. Raja Raj Krishna Deb Bahadur
died at the age of forty-two, leaving eight sons, of whom the Maharaja Sir
Narendra is the only surviving one. Sir Narendra was educated at the Hindu
College ; served the Government as a Deputy Magistrate for about nine years,
from 1844 to 1853, in which capacity he earned a solid reputation; and on
his retirement began his public life as a Municipal Commissioner, a Justice of
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
the Peace, and a leading Member of the British Indian Association of
which important body he has been thrice unanimously elected President.
During the Viceroyalty of J^ord Northbrook he was formally gazetted a Raja,
having long held that title by courtesy ; and he was also appointed a Member
of the Imperial Legislative Council of India, in which he attained a dis-
tinguished position. On the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India he was invited to attend the Imperial
Assemblage at Delhi, and then was granted the title of Maharaja as a
personal distinction. Subsequently he has been created a Knight Com-
mander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, and has occupied
a great many posts of dignity and public usefulness. He has a son and heir,
Kumar Gopendra Krishna Bahadur, M.A., B.L., a Member of the Statutory
Civil Service of Bengal, and Joint-Magistrate of Sealdah ; and several other
sons.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
NARINDAR NATH, Diwdn.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
NARINDAR SINGH (of Nadaun), Mian.
The title is hereditary, the Mian being the' eldest son and heir of the
present Raja of Nadaun (see Amar Chand of Nadaun, Raja), in the Kangra
district, Punjab.
Residence. Nadaun, Kdngra, Punjab.
NARINDAR SINGH, Sarddr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
NARINJAN NATH, Kunwdr.
The title is hereditary.
Residence. Lahore, Punjab.
NAROTAM SINGH (of Bka), Rdjd.
Born 1835. The title is hereditary. Belongs
to the illustrious Chauhan clan of Rajputs, being
an offshoot of the Partapner House (see Mohkam
Singh of Partapner, Raja), and consequently a
descendant of Prithvi Raja, last Chauhan Emperor
of Delhi and Ajmir. The father of the present
Raja, Hira Singh, succeeded to the Raj in 1862
A.D. ; he died in 1876, and was succeeded by the
present Raja. The latter has a son named Lai
Singh.
Residence. Eka, Mainpuri, North- Western Provinces.
The Santak of the Chauhan
Rajputs, called Chakra, used
in the seal and for signature.
(A circle with four Trisulas or
Tridents as radii at the car-
dinal points.)
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 381
NARPAT SINGH (of Gangwal), Rdjd.
Born 1 2th January 1822. The title is hereditary, the Raja of Gangwal
being (since the confiscation of the Raj of Ikauna for rebellion during the
Mutiny) the representative of the elder branch of the ancient and powerful
Janwar family, of which the present Houses of Balrampur, Oel, Kaimahra,
and Piagpur (all great Barons of Oudh) are offshoots. The founder of the
Janwar family was a military adventurer, Bariar Sah, the youngest of six
sons of a Sombansi Rajput Chief, whose home was in the great fort of
Pawagarh on the confines of Gujardt He joined the Imperial army of
Delhi to seek his fortune. In 1374 A.D. the Emperor Firuz Shah Tughlak
made a pilgrimage to Bahraich, to the famous shrine of Sayyid Salar ; he took
Bariar Sah, then risen to be a Risaldar, in command of his escort, and
ordered him to clear the country of the marauders who infested it. Bariar
Sah executed this order so efficiently that the Emperor made over to him
the Ikauna district, then called Khanpur Mahada. Seventh in descent from
Bariar Sah was Ganesh Singh ; his brother, Madho Singh, founded the
family of Balrampur (see Indar Kunwar, Maharani). The grandson of
Ganesh Singh was Maha Singh, the hero of the family, who, in 1627 A.D.,
obtained from the Emperor Shah Jahan a grant of the percentage on the
Government revenue, called " Hag Chandar," throughout eight Parganas.
In 1723 Chain Singh, grandson of Maha Singh, deputed his brother, Pratab
Singh, to guard the border estate of Dobaha from the attacks of the Bisen Raja
of Gonda. This Pratab Singh did so effectively that at last he felt himself
strong enough to declare himself, independent of his brother the Raja of
Ikauna, as the Raja of Mankapur, now called Gangwal. He was killed in a
fight with the Raja of Gonda, but his son Jaswant Singh held his own up to
the time of his death in 1769 A.D. The grandson of the latter, Raja Kishan
Prasad Singh, slew his kinsman Himmat Singh, the first Raja" of Piagpur.
He died without issue ; so did his nephews, who succeeded him in turn, the
Rajas Harsaran Singh and Sitla Bakhsh Singh. The latter was at first
succeeded in 1885 by his widow, the Rani Sukhraj Kunwar; but after some
litigation an agreement was arrived at, by which the present Raja, the
youngest nephew of Raja Kishan Prasad Singh, and brother of the two
preceding Rajas, was installed. He has a son and heir, named Bhya Suraj
Prakash Singh.
Residence. Gangwal, Bahraich, Oudh.
NARSINGHGARH, HIS HIGHNESS RAJA MAHTAB SINGH,
Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1839; succeeded to the gadi 28th June 1890. Belongs to an
Umat Rajput (Hindu) family, descended from Ajab Singh, who was Minister
to the Rawat of Rajgarh. His son, Parasa Ram, succeeded him as Minister
in 1660 A.D., and ultimately compelled the Rawat, in 1681, to share his
dominions with him thereby founding the State of Narsinghgarh, which is at
present tributary to Indore. Raja Partab Singh, father of the present Raja,
succeeded in 1875, his father in 1872 having received from the British
382 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Government that hereditary title. The family banner is white with a scarlet
bordure, bearing in the centre the effigy of Hanuman, the monkey-god.
The area of the State is 623 square miles; its population 112,427, chiefly
Hindus, but including about 5000 Muhammadans, and 6000 belonging to
aboriginal tribes. His Highness maintains a military force of 318 cavalry,
450 infantry, and 16 guns, and is entitled to a salute of n guns.
Residence. Narsinghgarh, Bhopdl, Central India.
NARSINGHPUB, RAJA SADHU CHARAN MAN SINGH
HARI CHANDAN, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1883 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 4th December 1884.
Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family, of whom there have been twenty-three
generations of Rajas in Narsinghpur . since the time when its founder,
Dharina Raja, ousted the aboriginal headmen and assumed the government.
For the last nine generations son has succeeded father, each bearing the
styles and titles of "Man Singh Hari Chandan Mahapatra," in addition to the
hereditary title of Raja, which was formally confirmed by the British Govern-
ment in 1874. The family cognisance is a scorpion. The area of the State,
which is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals, is 199 square miles; its
population is 32,583, chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force
of 184 infantry.
Residence. Kila" Narsinghpur, Orissa, Bengal.
NARSIRAM VAJERAM, Rao Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist June 1888.
Residence. Kaira, Bombay.
NARSU RAM CHANDRA GODBOLB, Rao Saheb.
Born 1 6th May 1842. The title is personal, and was conferred on nth
August 1 88 1. The Rao Saheb was educated at Satara, and at the Science
College, Poona ; and thence was appointed to the Public Works Department
of Bombay in 1861. From 1857 to 1887 he was Secretary and Engineer
to the Poona City Municipal Corporation; and from 1887 to l88 9
Executive Officer to the Poona Cantonment Fund. He is now Member of
the Poona Municipal Corporation, and an Honorary Magistrate, as well as
member of many local Committees. He has two sons Ananta, born 1864 ;
and Krishna, born 1874. His brother is the Rao Bahadur Kashinath Ram
Chandra Godbole (q.v.)
Residence. Poona, Bombay.
NARUKOT, DIPSINGH JAGATSINGH, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1841 ; belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family. The area of the State
is 143 square miles; its population is 6440, chiefly Hindus. It is tributary
to Baroda.
Residence. Jhotwa>, Gujarat, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 383
NARWAR, RAO RAGHUNATH SINGH, Rao of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1863; succeeded to the gadi i2th June 1882. Belongs to a
Jhala Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of this State is about 2000,
chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Ndrwa>, Western Malwa", Central India.
NASARVANJI KHARSBDJI, Khan Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Ahmadnagar, Bombay.
NASIR-UD-DIN MIRZA, Nawdb Bahadur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a great-grandson of His
late Majesty Muhammad AH Shah, King of Oudh. He is a son of Sulaiman
Mirza (^.z>.), grandson of that monarch.
Residence. O udh.
NASRAT ALI, CHAUDHRI, Khan Bahadur.
Born 1 8th August 1849. The title is personal, and was conferred on
2nd January 1888. Belongs to a family claiming descent from the first
Khalif. His ancestors held high offices under the former Governments of
Oudh. He is a nephew of Muhammad Azim (q.v.\ hereditary Chaudhri of
Kakrali in Hardoi district, Oudh. Chaudhri Nasrat Ali, Khan Bahadur,
rendered valuable service to Government in connection with the preparation
of the Oudh Rent Act. He is an Honorary Magistrate, and Assistant
Secretary of the British Indian Association.
Residence. Lucknow, Oudh.
NASRAT ALI KHAN walad IMAM BAKHSH KHAN, Mir.
The title is hereditary, the Mir being the representative of one of the
Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Shikcirpur, Sind.
NASWADI, THAKUR MANSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1880; belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The State, which is
tributary to Baroda, has an area of about 8 square miles. The Thakur is
still a minor.
Residence. Nasw^di, Rew Kdntha, Bombay.
3 8 4 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NATHU BAPUJI, Rao Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i3th August 1881.
Residence. Ahmadnagar, Bombay.
NAULANA, THAKUR PIRTHI SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1877 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1884. Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family. The population of the State is about 407, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Naulana, Western Mdlwd, Central India.
NAURANG KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title was conferred on nth March 1859, as a personal distinction,
for very distinguished sevices during the Multan rebellion and the Mutiny of
1857. Belongs to the Gandapur (Afghan) family of Kulachi in the Dera
Ismail Khan district of the Punjab. He raised 50 horse and 100 foot for
service in the Multan campaign, and was desperately wounded at that time.
At the close of the campaign he joined the Police, retiring on a pension after
three years ; but continued to volunteer for service on the frontier, and his
son, Muhammad Zaman Khan, was killed in this service. When the Mutiny
broke out in 1857 he raised 600 men ; and leaving 200 foot with the Deputy
Commissioner of Dera Ismail Khan, he joined Sir Herbert Edwardes with the
residue at Peshawar, and marched at the head of these followers into
Hindustan. He was engaged in the actions against the rebels at Jhelum,
Delhi, Najafgarh, and elsewhere ; and on one occasion saved Lieutenant
Lind's life by killing a Sepoy who was about to bayonet that officer when dis-
mounted. For these services he received &jdgir in perpetuity, and the title
of Khan Bahadur. His son, Muhammad Zaman Khdn, mentioned above,
left a son named Bakhtiyar Khan. Another son, Mehardil Khan, has three
sons Faiz Muhammad Khan, born 1862 ; Sayyid Muhammad Khan,
born 1864; Abdulla Khan, born 1866. A third son, Sarfaraz Khdn,
Risaldar, has two sons Gulzar Khdn and Kunidad Khan. A fourth son,
Sikandar Khan, has a son named Samandar Khan.
Residence. Kuldchi, Dera Ismail Khdn, Punjab.
NAVA. KRISHNA GHOSH, Rai Bahadur.
The title was conferred on igth April 1884, as a personal distinction, for
valuable services in the Bengal Police.
Residence. Hugli, Bengal.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 385
NAVALPUR, PHULSING-H LASHKARI PADVI, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1867 ; succeeded to the gadi in 1876 as a minor. The State,
which is one of the Mewas States of Khandesh, has an area of 20 square
miles, and a population of 180, chiefly Bhils (aborigines) ; to which tribe also
the Chief belongs.
Residence. Navalpur, Khdndesh, Bombay.
NAWAB JAN, MAULAVI, Khan Saheb.
The title was conferred on 6th July 1887, as a personal distinction, for
valuable services rendered to Government in the Foreign Department.
Residence. Calcutta, B engal.
NAWAB MIRZA, Bahadur.
The title is personal, being the courtesy title of a grandson of His late
Majesty Muhammad AH Shah, third King of Oudh. Is the son of Mirza
Humayun Bakht, who was a son of that monarch.
Residence. Oudh.
NAWANAGAR, HIS HIGHNESS JAM SHRI SIR VIBHAJI
RANMALJI, K.C.S.I., Jam Saheb of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 8th May 1827; succeeded to the gadi 22nd February 1852.
Belongs to the illustrious Jareja Rajput family that has given ruling families
to Kutch, Dhrol, Rajkot, and other States of Western India. Jam Rawal,
said to have been the elder brother of the then Jam of Kutch, emigrated
from Kutch and established himself at Nawanagar in 1535. In 1788 the
great fort of Nawanagar was constructed under the orders of one of Jam
Rawal's descendants, the Jam Jasaji. The latter died in 1814 without male
heirs ; and his widow, the Rani Achuba, adopted Ranmalji, who became the
Jam Ranmalji, and was the father of the present Jam. The Jam Ranmalji
was a popular ruler, and distinguished himself by the ability with which he
saved his people from the horrors of the famines of 1834, 1839, an d 1846.
He was also a famous sportsman and lion-killer. The present Jam is equally
distinguished as a sportsman ; but he has also earned a great reputation as
an administrator, especially in the departments of education and public
works. He has also greatly improved the system of revenue-collection, and
the administration of justice within his State. On the occasion of the visit
to India of His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, the Jam went to
Bombay to take part in his reception. Similarly, in 1875, ^ s Highness
had the honour of being one of those Princes of Western India who first
received His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales on the occasion of his
memorable visit to India in the winter of 1875-76. In 1877 the Jam was
an invited and honoured guest at the Imperial assemblage at Delhi, on the
2 c
386 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India ; and he then had the honour of receiving an addition of four guns to
his salute, as a personal distinction. On ist January 1878 he was created
a Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. He
lias a son and heir, born about the year 1884. The State has an area of
3791 square miles; and a population of 316,147, chiefly Hindus, but
including about 50,000 Muhammadans. His Highness maintains a military
force of 191 cavalry, 3060 infantry, and 117 guns, and is entitled to a salute
of 15 guns, including a personal salute of 4 guns.
Residence. Nawdnagar, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
NAWAZISH ALI KHAN, SIR, K.C.I.B (of Nawabganj),
ALIABAD, Nawdb.
Born 1828. The title was conferred on 2ist May 1866, as a personal
distinction, in recognition of his position, and of the great public services of
his distinguished father, the Nawab Ali Raza Khan Bahadur, and of himself.
Belongs to a Quazilbash or Kazilbash family of high rank in Afghanistan
descended from Sardar Ali Khan, who came from the province of Sherwan
on the west coast of the Caspian Sea, with Nadir Shah, when the latter
invaded India. On his return Sardar Ali Khan was appointed Governor of
Kandahar. He obtained the district of Hazara, north of Kandahar, on the
accession of Ahmad Shah Durani, whom he accompanied in his last invasion
of India, and by whose instigation he was assassinated. His son, Hidayat
Khan, accompanied Shah Zaman to Lahore in 1797. When the British army
brought back Shah Shuja to Kabul in 1839, Hidayat Khan's son, Ali Raza
Khan, who was living on his estate, was appointed Chief Agent of the Com-
missariat Department. During the disasters that followed he remained
faithful to British interests ; and it was mainly by his aid that the British
prisoners were ultimately enabled to make their escape and join the relieving
army of General Pollock. He accompanied the British forces to India on
the evacuation of Afghanistan ; and his estate was confiscated by Muhammad
Akbar Khan, in consequence of which he received a British pension. During
the Sutlej campaign he joined the British camp with his brothers and 60
horsemen of his tribe ; and during the rebellion of 1848-49 furnished 100
horsemen for active service. In 1857 Ali Raza Khan voluntarily raised a
troop of horse and sent it to Delhi at his own expense, mortgaging for the
purpose his house and property at Lahore ; this troop formed part of Hod-
son's Horse, and served with conspicuous gallantry throughout the Mutiny
campaigns. Lieutenant-Colonel H. D. Daly, when commandant of Hodson's
Horse, wrote of him in February 1859: "He has served throughout the
war, and on all occasions has been conspicuous for chivalric valour. . . . His
gallantry has won for him the First Class of the Order of Merit. ... A
braver soldier never took the field." As a reward he received a large grant
of lands in Oudh, with the title of Nawab conferred in 1864; and this, on
his death in 1866, was continued to his son, the Nawab Nawazish Ali Khan.
The family have also received a grant of lands in Lahore district in the Pun-
jab. The Nawab was made an Honorary Assistant Commissioner of the
Punjab on ist January 1877, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her
Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India ; and he was for some time a
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF JNDIA 387
Member of the Imperial Legislative Council of India. On ist June 1888
he was created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire. He has taken a prominent part in the foundation of the
Punjab University, and in all important works of public utility or benevolence
in that Province.
Residences. Bahraich, Oudh : and Lahore, Punjab.
NAYAGARH, RAJA RAQHUNATH SINGH MANDHATA,
Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Succeeded to the gadi 2nd March 1890. Belongs to the Rajput
(Hindu) family, of whom there have been twenty-two generations of Rajas in
Nayagarh since the time when its founder, Surjya Mani Singh, a scion of the
family of the Rajas of Rewah, established himself there. The family obtained
at various times from the Rajas of Puri the titles of " Champati Singh
Mangraj " and " Mandhata." The late Raja, Ladhu Kishor Singh Mandhata,
was born about 1843; an d succeeded to the gadi 2oth September 1851.
The family cognisance or crest is a tiger's head. The area of the State,
which is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals, is 588 square miles; its popu-
lation is 114,622, chiefly Hindus. The Raja maintains a military force of
741 men and 9 guns.
Residence. Kila" Naya"garh, Orissa, Bengal.
NAZIR ALI, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1842. The title was conferred on 8th October 1875, as a -personal
distinction, in recognition of his position as son-in-law of His late Highness
Zahir-ud-daula, the second of the titular Princes of Arcot.
Residence. M adras.
NB DUN, MAUNG, Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1889. It is
indicated by the letters K.S.M. after the name, and means "Recipient of the
Gold Chain of Honour."
Residence. Prome, Burma.
NEPAL, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJ-ADHIRAJ PRITHVI BIR
BIKRAM JANG BAHADUR SAH SAHEB BAHADUR
SHAMSHER JANG, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1875; succeeded to the gadi as a minor i7th May 1881. The
ruling race of Nepal is the Gurkha, which also furnishes some of the best
soldiers of the Indian army. The family of the Maharaja is said to be of
Sisodiya Rajput descent ; claiming descent from the Raja Prithvi Narayan,
who died in the year 1771 A.D., about three years after the complete con-
quest of Nepal by his Gurkha troops. One of his descendants, in the time
3 88 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
of Warren Hastings, about the year 1790, invaded Tibet on two occasions,
and brought back great booty ; but the Emperor of China, as Suzerain of
Tibet, sent a large army into Nepal in 1792, that advanced within 26 miles
of the capital, Khatmandu, and forced the Nepalese to conclude a treaty of
submission. Subsequently, between the years 1803 and 1815, the Gurkhas
of Nepal, notwithstanding great internal dissensions, overran the Cis-Sutlej
territory of the Punjab and the Simla Hill States; but in 1814 the British
intervened, expelled the Gurkhas from the Punjab territories in 1815, and in
1816 a treaty was signed, which transferred the control both of those terri-
tories and of Kumaun, the Dehra Dun, and the other outlying districts, to
the British Power. The late Prime Minister of Nepal, Sir Jang Bahadur,
G.C.B., G. C.S.I., was well known in England, and was the virtual ruler of
Nepal from 1846 to the time of his death in 1877. He rendered good ser-
vices in the Mutiny of 1857 by sending Gurkha troops, who gave material
help in the reduction of the rebellious province of Oudh. T^he State has an
area of 54,000 square miles, consisting of sub-Himalayan valleys and moun-
tain-ranges. Its population is estimated at 2,000,000 and upwards. The
Maharaja maintains a military force of 54 cavalry, 48,200 infantry, and 920
guns ; and is entitled to a salute of 2 1 guns.
Residence. Khatmandu, Nepal.
NI, MATING, Ahmudan gaung Tazeik-ya Min.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1890. It is
indicated by the letters A.T.M. after the name, and means "Recipient of
the Medal for Good Service."
Residence. Mandalay, Burma.
NIAMAT KHAN. See Ghulam Muhammad.
NIAMAT-ULLA KHAN (of Rehlu), Rdjd.
The title was conferred on ist August 1879, as a personal distinction.
Belongs to a Rajput family, who for many generations were Rajas of Rajauri,
in the territory now called Jammu, and belonging to His Highness the
Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. The late Raja, Hamid-ulla Khan, was
driven out of the Raj of Rajauri by the late Chief of Jammu ; and he subse-
quently settled at Rehlu in the Kangra district, receiving an annual allow-
ance from the Jammu Government in compensation for the loss of his estate.
Though no longer Raja of Rajauri, the personal title of Raja was conferred
upon him by the British Government for his services during the time of the
Mutiny in 1857; and he was appointed an Honorary Assistant Commis-
sioner of the Punjab. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the present
Raja.
Residence. Rehlu, Ka"ngra, Punjab.
NIDHAN SINGH (of Mukerian), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is a younger brother of Sardar Bur
Singh of Mukerian under whose name is given an account of this family.
Residence. Mukerian, Hoshidrpur, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 389
NIEPHRODSYNE (of Manikchari), Mong Rdjd.
The title is hereditary. The present Mong Raja has recently succeeded
to the gadi. His predecessor was the Mong Raja Narabadi, who was born
about the year 1848, and succeeded his father, the Mong Raja Keojosine, in
1869. The family are the hereditary Chiefs of the Palangtha clan of Hill
Burmese, sometimes called Maghs (Mugs) or Arakanese who occupy the
northern portion of the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The founder of the family
was named Khedu ; and he was originally the Dabaing or Sardar of a number
of villages. His descendant was Konjai, the grandfather of the late Mong
Raja Narabadi. The latter did good service to the Government in the
first Lushai war, by supplying coolies, boats, etc. ; and the hereditary title
of Mong Raja has been confirmed to the family.
Residence. Manikchari, Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bengal.
NIHAL SINGH (of Kang), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the younger brother of Sardar
Narayan Singh of Kang ; under whose name an account of this family has
been given.
Residence. Kang, Jdlandhar, Punjab.
NIHAL SINGH (of Shahkot), Sardar.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is the younger brother of the late
Sardar Bakshish Singh, father of Sardar Amar Singh of Shahkot, under whose
name has been given some account of this family. Their ancestor, Sardar
Sujan Singh, son of Amrika, took possession of Shahkot and the neighbour-
ing territory in 1759 A.D., on the decline of the Mughal Power. The family
subsequently came under the power of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore.
The Sardar is the son of the late Sardar Kharak Singh, who was one of the
grandsons of Sardar Sujan Singh. He has a son and heir, named Sundar
Singh.
Residence. Shahkot, Jdlandhar, Punjab.
NIL KRISHNA DEB, Mahdrdj Kumar.
The title is personal, as the courtesy title of a son of the late Maharaja
Kamal Krishna Deb.
Residence. Calcutta, Bengal.
NILGIRI, RAJA KRISHNA CHANDRA MARDRAJ HARI
CHANDAN, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1827; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 22nd November 1832.
Belongs to a Kshatriya (Hindu) family, claiming descent from Narayan Singh
Bhujang Mandhata Birat Basant Hari Chandan, a scion of the reigning
House of Chota Nagpur, who married a daughter of Raja Pratap Rudra Deb,
390 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
Raja of Orissa about the commencement of the i5th century, and founded
the Nilgiri Raj. From him the present Raja is twenty-fifth in descent ;
nearly every successive Raja bearing the style and titles of Mardraj Hari
Chandan, as well as that of Raja, which was formally recognised by the
British government in 1874. The family cognisance is a karaila flower.
The'area of the State, which is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals, is 278
square miles; its population is 50,972, chiefly Hindus, but including 6366
members of various aboriginal tribes, mostly Bhumij. The Raja maintains
a military force of 1 7 7 infantry.
Residence. Nilgiri, Orissa, Bengal.
NILKANTH GOVIND GOKHALE, Rao Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i6th February 1887, on the
occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Miraj, Bombay.
NILKANTH JANARDAN KIRTANE, Rao Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3ist October 1879.
Residence. Dewas, Central India.
NILMANI SINGH DEO (of Pachete), Rdjd.
Born about 1807. The title is personal, and was conferred on 22nd
November 1861. The Rajas of Pachete in Manbhum, Chota Nagpur,
Bengal, belong to a family descended from a Rajput foundling, who is said
to have been suckled by a cow on the Kapila Hill near Jhalda, on the
western boundary of the district of Manbhum. The present Raja is fifty-ninth
in descent, and succeeded to the estate on the death of his father, the late Raja
Garur Narayan Singh Deo. He has several sons, of whom the eldest and
heir-apparent is the Kumar Hari Narayan Singh, bom about 1849.
Residence. Mdnbhum, Bengal.
NIMAI CHARAN BASU, Rat Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1877, on the
occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of
India.
Residence. Balasor, Bengal.
NIMKHERA, BHUMIA DARIYAO SINGH, Bhumia of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 86 1 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor in 1864. Belongs to a
Bhilala family. The population of the State is about 4600, chiefly Hindus.
The Bhumia maintains a military force of 2 cavalry and 28 infantry. The
State is tributary to Dhdr ; and the Bhumia is responsible for the police of
the road between Dhdr and Sultanpur.
Residence. Tirla, Bhopawar, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 391
NIZAM-UD-DIN. See Muhammad Nizam-ud-din.
NIZAM-UD-DIN AHMAD, Khdn Bahadur, Munfiz Jang.
The title is personal, and was conferred by the Nawab of the Carnatic,
and recognised on i6th December 1890. The Khan Bahadur was one of
the Chief Officers of the last Nawab of the Carnatic.
Residence. M adras.
NIZAM-UD-DIN KHAN (of Mamdot), Nawab.
Born 1862. The title is hereditary, and was conferred on 5th December
1864. The ancestors of the Chiefs of Mamdot, in the Lahore division of
the Punjab, were Pathans, who came from Kandahar in 1570 A.D., and
settled at Kasur, south of Lahore. When the Sikhs rose to power they
experienced great opposition from this Pathan colony. Maharaja Ranjit
Singh repeatedly attacked Kasur, but without effect; till at last, in 1807,
Kutb-ud-din, then Chief of Kasur, agreed to retire to the territory of Mamdot,
which he had recently conquered from the Rai of Raikot. In 1831 Kutb-
ud-din's nephew, Fateh-ud-din Khan, surprised his uncle, with the connivance
(it was said) of Ranjit Singh, and drove him out of the country ; and shortly
afterwards Kutb-ud-din died at Amritsar. The Maharaja Ranjit Singh then
ousted Fateh-ud-din ; and installed Jamal-ud-din Khan, elder son of Kutb-
ud-din, in his father's possessions. When the control of the country passed
to the British Government, Jamal-ud-din, for services rendered during the
Sutlej campaign, was at first elevated to the position of a Ruling (feudatory)
Chief. He, however, greatly abused his powers, and was deprived of them
in 1856, the Mamdot territory being incorporated with the Firuzpur district,
and in 1863 he died of apoplexy. His younger brother, Jalal-ud-din Khan,
had been in no way connected with his misgovernment. In the rebellion of
1848, and again during the Mutiny of 1857, he rendered faithful service to
Government; so in 1864 he was declared to be the hereditary Nawab of
Mamdot, to the exclusion of the sons of Jamal-ud-din. In 1870 he was made
an Honorary Magistrate, and died in 1875. The present Nawab was edu-
cated at Lahore with the Nawab of Bahawalpur.
Residence. Mamdot, Lahore, Punjab.
NIZAM-UD-DIN KHAN, Khdn Bahadur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 3oth April 1872, in recogni-
tion of very valuable services rendered to the Government during the Mutiny
of 1857. Belongs to an Afghan family, and is the son of the late Muhammad
Bakhsh Khan. He was presented by the Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab
with a Sword and a Certificate of Honour ; and has been made an Honorary
Magistrate of Delhi. He has a son and heir, named Ghulam Fakr-ud-din
Khan.
Residence. Delhi, Punjab.
NOBO. See Nava.
392 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
NOBO SOPHOH, U. KSON, Sefm of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1847 ; succeeded to the gadi 3oth July 1870. The population of
the State, which is one of the Khasi and Jaintia Hill States, is about 840,
consisting of Khasis and Christian converts.
Residence. Nobo Sophoh, Khasi Hills, Assam.
NONGKHLAO, KINS SINGH, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1843 ; succeeded to theft?/i6th March 1876. Belongs to a Khasi
(Christian) family. The population of the State, which is one of the Khasi
and Jaintia Hill States, is about 7368, consisting chiefly of Khasis and
Christians.
Residence. Nongkhlao, Khasi Hills, Assam.
NONGSPUNG, U. PARBA, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1860; succeeded to the gadi nth November 1885. Belongs to a
Khasi (Christian) family. The population of the State, which is one of the
Khasi and Jaintia Hill States,, is about 1506, consisting of Khasis and
Christians.
Residence. Nongspung, Khcisi Hills, Assam.
NONGSTOIN, M. SINGH, Seim of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1844 > succeeded to the gadi i5th May 1860. Belongs to a Khasi
family. The population of the State, which is one of the Khasi and Jaintia
Hill States, is 8472, consisting of Khasis and Christians.
Residence. Nongstoin, Khasi Hills, Assam.
NUR JAMAL KHAN, MAULAVI, Shams-ul-Ulama.
This title was conferred on 2nd January 1888, as a personal distinction,
for eminence in oriental learning. It entitles him to take rank in Darbdr
immediately after titular Nawabs.
Residence. Miraj, Bombay.
NUR MUHAMMAD KHAN, MIR, His Highness.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 24th December 1878, in
recognition of His Highness's position as the representative of one of the
ruling Mirs or Chiefs of Sind at the time of the annexation (see Khairpur).
Residence. Hyderabad, Sind.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 393
NYAUNGYWE, SAW ON, K.S.M., Sawbwa of.
A Ruling Chief.
The Sawbwa is the Chief of one of the Shan States, Burma, and has
received the honour of K.S.M. (Kyet Thaye zaung shwe Salwe ya Min, see
Introduction, 6 ; meaning " Recipient of the Gold Chain of Honour ")
from Her Most Gracious Majesty the Empress. The State of Nyaungywe has
four feudatories Inleywa, Kyanktal, Letthet, and Thigyit ; and, including
these dependencies, its area is about 2500 square miles. The population
consists chiefly of Shans.
Residence. Nyaungywe, Shan States, Burma.
OBHOY. See Abhai.
OKHIL CHUNDER MOOKERJBA, Rai Bahadur.
See Akhil Chandra Mukharji.
ON, MAUNGr, C.I.B., Ahmiidan gaung Tazeik-ya Mm.
The title is personal, and was conferred on 6th June 1885. It is indi-
cated by the letters A.T.M. after the name ; and means " The Recipient of
the Medal for Good Service." Maung On was created a Companion of the
Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, ist January 1879.
Residence. Rangoon, Burma.
394 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
ORCHHA, HIS HIGHNESS SARAMAD-I-RAJAHA-I-BUNDEL-
KHAND, MAHARAJA MAHINDRA SAWAI PRATAP
SINGH BAHADUR, Maharaja of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1854 ; succeeded to the gadii$th March 1874. Is the head of the
great Bundela family of Garhwar Rajputs, which has given ruling families to
Panna, Dattia, Ajaigarh, Charkhari, Bijawar, Sarila, Jigni, Jaso, Lughasi, and
other Chiefships of Bundelkhand. In legendary times the Garhwar Rajputs
were ruling at Benares ; and on the subversion of that throne by the Musal-
mans, Hem Kurn, surnamed Pancham, migrated westward. His son, Bir
Singh, took the clan name of Bundela, by which his family and the country
of Bundelkhand has ever since been known, and settled at Mau Mahoni in
the north-west of that Province in the i3th century A.D. The family extended
its possessions southward during the next hundred years ; and a descendant
named Sanpal took possession of Korar, east of Jhansi, in the i4th century.
In 1532 A.D. Rudra Pratab, then the Chief of the Bundelas, founded Orchha.
From his younger son, Udyajit, sprang the many families of the Eastern
Bundelas (Panna, Ajaigarh, etc.) ; whilst Matkur Sah, the elder son, was the
ancestor of the Chiefs of Orchha, Dattia, and other Western States. His son,
the Raja Bir Singh Deo, was famous in the reigns of the Emperors Akbar
and Jahangir, and was the founder of many great public works. Orchha was
the only State of Bundelkhand that did not fall under the power of the
Peshwas ; though the Mahrattas succeeded in dismembering it, by conquering
Jhansi and forming it into a new and ultimately a powerful State. When
Bundelkhand passed under British control, Raja Vikramaditya Mahendra was
the Chief of Orchha ; and by the treaty of 1 8 1 2 he became a feudatory of
the British Power. He died in 1834, and, after some disputes, was succeeded
by Sujan Singh. On the death of the latter his widow adopted Hamir Singh,
a descendant of the same family; and he was succeeded in 1874 by his
younger brother, the present Maharaja. In 1882 His Highness received the
additional title of Sawai. The area of the State is 1933 square miles; its
population 311,514, chiefly Hindus, but including 9560 Muhammadans, and
7233 Jains. His Highness maintains a military force of 350 cavalry, 4400
infantry, and 90 guns; and is entitled to a salute of 17 guns (including 2
guns personal).
Residence. Tehri, Bundelkhand, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 395
PADAMJI PBSTAN JI, Khdn Bahadur.
Born 1820. The title was conferred on 2Qth May 1860, as a personal
distinction, both on the Khan Bahadur himself and on his father, the late
Khan Bahadur Pestanji Sorabji, for services during the Mutiny of 1857, and
generally for services rendered in the conveyance of the Royal mails for a period
extending over twenty-eight years. The late Khan Bahadur Pestanji Sorabji,
a respected Parsi gentleman, had charge of the mail service between Bombay
and Nagpur, and also other lines reaching to the Madras frontier. The
Khan Bahadur Padamji Pestanji has been a Municipal Commissioner for the
City of Poona (1860-74); was created a First-class Sardar of the Deccan,
1872 ; appointed a Member of the Legislative Council of Bombay (1874-76) ;
is a Fellow of the University of Bombay ; and has been exempted from
personal attendance in Civil Courts. Has founded and maintained three
Dharmsdlas (rest-houses for poor travellers), a charitable dispensary school,
and some other benevolent and religious institutions. Has four sons
Dorabji, born 1838; Naoroji, born 1841; Sorabji, born 1855; Bairamji,
born 1860.
Residence. Bhawdnipet, Poona, Bombay.
PADMAN SINGH, THAKUR (of Khariar), Rdjd.
The title was conferred on i6th February 1887, as a personal distinction,
on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Her Most Gracious Majesty.
Residence. Khariar, Raipur, Central Provinces.
PADMANAND SINGH (of Baneli), Rdjd Bahadur.
The title was conferred on 2nd January 1888, as a personal distinction,
on his succeeding his father, the late Raja Lila Nanda Singh Bahadur. The
great-grandfather of the present Raja, Dular Singh, received the title of Raja
Bahadur for services rendered to the British Government in the Nepal war.
Raja Dular Singh died in 1821 ; and the title was continued to his son,
Raja Bidya Nanda Singh. The latter died in 1851, and the title was in like
manner continued to his son, Raja Lila Nanda Singh, the father of the
present Raja, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Purniah, Bengal.
PAHAR SINGH (of Narhat), Rao.
Born 1854. The title is hereditary. The Rao is descended from the
illustrious family of the Bundela Rajputs that has given its name to the
Province of Bundelkhand, and ruling Houses to most of the States of
Bundelkhand, including Orchha, Panna, Dattia, etc. (q.v.) The Narhat
family is an offshoot of that of the Raja Sardar Singh Bahadur of Katehra
(q.v.} In 1851 Rao Bakht Bali, father of the present Rao, was in possession
of the estate.
Residence. Narhat, Lalitpur, North-Western Provinces.
396 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
PAHARI BANKA, DIWAN MIHRBAN SINGH, Diwdn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Succeeded to the gadi i4th November 1890. Belongs to the great
Bundela Rajput family, the head of which is the Maharaja of Orchha (g.v.}.
Rai Singh, a descendant of the youngest son of Bir Singh Deo, held from his
kinsman, the Chief of Orchha, the Buragaon jdgir, and this he divided
among his eight sons whence the States so formed were called the
Hashtbhdya jdgirs, or " Appanages of the eight brothers." Only four of
these now exist Dhurwai, Bijna, Tori, and last Pahari Banka, which was
given to Umed Singh, the youngest son of Rai Singh. His great-grandson,
the Diwan Ishri Singh, obtained a sanad from the British Government in
1823 confirming him in the possession of this State. He was succeeded by
the Diwan Bijai Bahadur; who was in turn followed by the late Diwan
Piyariju, father of the present Diwan. The area of the State is about 5
square miles ; its population is 1094, chiefly Hindus. The Diwan maintains
a military force of 20 men.
Residence. Pahari Banka, Bundelkhand, Central India.
PAHRA, CHAUBB RADHA CHARAN, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born i yth August 1856; succeeded to the gadi i4th January 1868.
Belongs to a Chaube Brahman Hindu family, claiming descent from Ram
Krishna Chaube', Kildddr (Governor of the Fortress) of Kalinjar, from whom
descend also the other three branches of " the Kalinjar Chaubes," viz. the
Chiefs of Paldeo, Taraon, and Bhaisaunda (q.v.) His son, Salig Ram,
received a sanad from the British Government, confirming him in the pos-
session of Pahra. His great-grandson is the present Jdgirddr. The area of
the State is 10 square miles; its population is 4016, chiefly Hindus. The
Chief maintains a military force of 12 cavalry, 100 infantry, and 2 guns.
Residence. Pahra, Bundelkhand, Central India.
PAINTIPUR, Rdjd of. See Muhammad Kazim Husain Khan.
PAL, JARBJA RATAN SINGH, Tdlukddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1841 ; succeeded to the gadi 25th October 1879.- Belongs to a
Rajput (Hindu) family, of the Jareja clan. The State, which is tributary to
Baroda and Junagarh, has an area of 2 1 square miles, and a population of
1214, chiefly Hindus. The Talukdar maintains a military force of 2 cavalry
and 1 6 infantry.
Residence. Pal, Kthidwr, Bombay.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 397
PAL LAHARA, RAJA GANBSHWAR PAL, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1884; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 3oth August 1888.
Belongs to a Kshatriya (Rajput Hindu) family, claiming descent from Raja
Santosh Pal, alias Pat Ganeshwar Pal. Twenty-two generations have inter-
vened, in regular descent from father to son, between the founder of the
family and the present Raja, each Raja receiving alternately either the style
of "Pat Ganeshwar Pal" or "Pat Muni Pal." The late Raja, Chintamani
Pal, was styled "Pat Muni Pal"; he succeeded to the gadi in 1860. The
State had for a long time been included in that of Keunjhar, the Raja having
been treated as a feudatory of Keunjhar. But this caused many feuds, and
Pal Lahara was at length declared a British feudatory, independent of
Keunjhar. The late Pat Muni Pal rendered distinguished services during
the operations for the suppression of the Keunjhar rebellion in 1867-68,
and received as a reward the title of Raja Bahadur as a personal distinction.
He died in 1888, and was succeeded by the present Raja, styled in turn Pat
Ganeshwar Pal. The family cognisance or crest is the cobra or hooded
snake. The area of the State, which is one of the Orissa Tributary Mahals,
is 452 square miles; its population is 14,887, chiefly Hindus. The Raja
maintains a military force of 94 infantry.
Residence. Pal Lahara, Orissa, Bengal.
PALAJ, THAKUR DAULAT SINGH, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1878 ; succeeded to the gadi as a minor. The State has a popula-
tion of 1701. The Thakur belongs to a Koli (aboriginal) family.
Reside?ice. Palaj, Mdhi Ka"ntha, Bombay.
PALANJI RATANJI, Khan Saheb.
The title is personal, and was conferred on i8th August 1881.
Residence. Surat, Bombay.
PALANPUR, HIS HIGHNESS SIR SHBR MUHAMMAD
KHAN, LOHANI, K.C.I.B., Diwdn of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1852; succeeded to the gadi ipth September 1877. Belongs to
an Afghan family of the Lohani clan, whose ancestors occupied Behar in the
time of the Emperor Humayun. Ghazni Khan, the Chief, obtained the title
of Diwan from the Emperor Akbar in 1597, for successfully repelling an
invasion of Afghans, and he was also made Governor of Lahore,
descendant in 1682 received the Province of Jhalod (including Palanpur,
Disa and other districts) from the Emperor Aurangzeb; but in 1698 his
successor was driven westward by the Rahtor Rajputs of Marwar, and settled
in Palanpur, where the family has ever since remained. In 1809 the State
came under British control. In 1812 the Diwan Firoz Khan was murdered
by his Sindi guards ; his son, Diwan Fateh Singh, was reinstated by Bnti
398 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
troops under General Holmes, but was ultimately removed from the chiefship
for maladministration. The late Diwan Zorawar Khan was granted the
additional title of "His Excellency"; he succeeded to the gadi in 1854,
and dying in 1877 was succeeded by his son, the present Diwan. The
family banner is crimson, with a bordure vert. The area of the State is 3150
square miles, with a population of 236,461, chiefly Hindus, but including
27,256 Muhammadans. His Highness the Diwan maintains a military force
of 294 cavalry, 697 infantry, and 80 guns, and is entitled to a salute of
1 1 guns. Created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the
Indian Empire, 2nd January 1893.
Residence. Pdlanpur, Bombay.
PALASNI, THAKUR JITSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1864. Belongs to a Rajput (Hindu) family. The area of the
State, which is tributary to Baroda, is about 6 square miles.
Residence. Palasni, Rewd Kdntha, Bombay.
PALASVIHIR, NAIK NAWSA walad FIRIA, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1830. Belongs to a Bhil (aboriginal tribe) family. The area of
the State, which is one of the Dang States of Khandesh, is about 2 square
miles; its population about 220, chiefly Bhils.
Residence. Palasvihir, Khdndesh, Bombay.
PALDEO, RAO CHAUBB ANRUDH SINGH, Jdgirddr of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1 8th October 1837; succeeded to the gadi 2nd April 1874.
Belongs to the Chaube Brahman family, known as the " Kalinjar Chaube
Jagirdars," of whom there are now four Ruling Chiefs those of Paldeo,
Taraon, Bhaisaunda, and Pahra (q.v.) Descended from Chaube Ram
Krishna, who was kildddr (Governor of the Fortress) of the ancient and
famous fort of Kalinjar under the Chief of Panna. His sons successfully
defended the fort against Ali Bahadur, who died in the attempt to take it.
At a later period the family held the fort for some time against British
troops ; but ultimately they came to terms, and received Kalinjar and some
territory around it as a jdgir. Subsequently the Government resumed the
fort of Kalinjar, giving the four brothers of the Chaub family the four States
named above, as feudatory jdgirs, in exchange. Thus Baldeo Singh became
the first Jagirdar of Paldeo, and his son, Dariao Singh, received a sanad from
the British Government. The present Jagirdar is fifth in descent from him ;
and at the Imperial Assemblage of Delhi in January 1877, on the occasion
of the Proclamation of Her Most Gracious Majesty as Empress of India, he
received the title of Rao as a personal distinction. The area of the State is
28 square miles ; its population is 8824, chiefly Hindus. The Rao maintains
a military force of 10 cavalry, 200 infantry, and 3 guns.
Residence. Paldeo, Bundelkhand, Central India.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 399
PALITANA, THAKUR SAHBB MANSINGHJI, Thdkur of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1863; succeeded to \hegadi 24th November 1885. Belongs to
the same family of Gohel Rajputs as that of His Highness the Maharaja of
Bhaunagar; descended from ancestors who were driven out of Marwar in
Rajputana by the Rahtors in the i2th century. The late Thakur Saheb
Sursinghji succeeded to the gadi on ist June 1860, and dying in 1885, was
succeeded by his eldest son, the present Thakur. The State is famous for
the greatest of all the sacred hills of the Jains, Satrunjaya, which is covered
with a very large number of magnificent Jain temples. The area of the
State is 289 square miles; its population is 49,271, chiefly Hindus, but
including 3581 Muhammadans. The Thdkur Saheb maintains a military
force of 74 cavalry, 401 infantry, and 7 guns, and is entitled to a salute of
9 guns.
Residence. Pdlitana, Kdthidwdr, Bombay.
PANCHAM SINGH, Rao.
Bom 3ist May 1860. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Bundela
Rajput family; descended from Partabju, who in early times founded the
village of Swasa in Panwari, and obtained from the Raja Jagat Raj of Jaitpur
(son of the Bundela Maharaja Chhatarsal see Ajaigarh) a grant of the village
with the title of Rao. The Rao has a son and heir, named Bhopal Singh.
Residence. Swasa, Panwdri, Hamirpur, North- Western Provinces.
PANCHANAN BANARJI, Rai Bahddur.
The title was conferred on 2nd April 1874, as a personal distinction, in
recognition of long and meritorious services to the State in the Judicial
Department. The Rai Bahadur was formerly Judge of the Small Cause
Courts at Hugli, Serampur, and Howrah.
Residence. Hugli, Bengal.
PANDURANG HARI VAIDYA, Rao Bahddur.
The title was conferred on 24th May 1883, as a personal distinction.
Residence. Ratnagiri, Bombay.
PANDURANG RAO TANTIA GORBY, Rai Bahddur.
The title is personal, and was conferred on ist January 1878.
Residence. Dewas, Central India.
400 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
PANGANUR, SUGATUR YIMMIDI SANKARA PAYAL
YBSUNATH, BAHADUR, O.I.B., Zaminddr of.
Born ist January 1830; succeeded as Zaminddr of Panganur on 6th
July 1847. His ancestor in the i5th century held the village of Sugatur
under the Rajas of Vijayanagar. Later on the family founded the town of
Kolar in Mysore, now famous for its gold mines, and acquired considerable
territory in that neighbourhood. In the i6th century two brothers divided
the estates between them ; and by this partition the ancestor of the present
Zaminddr acquired Kolar and Sugatur. Later on the family extended its
influence in the direction of Cuddapah (Kadapa), and Panganur was seized
and fortified, and this and other acquisitions were held under the Nawabs of
Cuddapah. In 1757 A.D. the Mahrattas overran the Zaminddri, half of
which was ceded to them. The Zaminddr subsequently became subject to
Haidar Ali of Mysore, and passed under British control on the conquest of
that dynasty. The Zaminddr has two sons Raje Sugatur Yimmidi Vira
Basavanna Payal Yesunath Bahadur Varu, and Raje Sugatur Yimmidi
Kumara Chikkara Payal Yesunath Bahadur Varu. The family banner bears
the device of a bull. The Zaminddr was created a Companion of the Most
Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on ist January 1884.
Residence. Panganur, North Arcot, Madras.
PANJAB SINGH (of Dhandwal), Sarddr.
The title is hereditary. The Sardar is brother of Sardar Partab Singh of
Dhandwal (q.v.) \ belongs to a Jat family of Sikhs, whose founder, Sardar Man
Singh, conquered territory on both sides of the Sutlej in the year 1759 A.D.
His son, Sardar Joga Singh, was succeeded in turn by his son, Sardar Chanda
Singh, the father of the Sardars Partab Singh, Panjab Singh, and Sher Singh,
all of Dhandwal.
Residence. Dhandwal, Hoshia'rpur, Punjab.
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 401
PANNA, HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJA MAHINDRA SIR
RUDRA PRATAP SINGH MAHINDAR BAHADUR, K.C.S.L,
Mahdrdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born loth July 1848 ; succeeded to the gadi Qth June 1870. Belongs
to the great Bundela Rajput family, of which His Highness the Maharaja of
Orchha (q.v.) is the senior representative, and of which junior branches are
the ruling families in Dattia, Garrauli, Lughasi (q.v.\ and many other States
in Bundelkhand, which Province takes its name from this clan. The Panna
House is descended from Udyajit, younger son of Rudra Pratab, the Bundela
founder of the Orchha State. Udyajit's grandson, Champat Rai, made him-
self independent both of Orchha and of the Musalmans ; and his son, the
Maharaja Chhatrasal, acquired very extensive dominions in Eastern and
Northern Bundelkhand. His eldest son, Hardi Sah, became Chief of Panna,
while his second son was the ancestor of the Chiefs of Ajaigarh, Charkhari,
Bijawar, and Sarila ; his third son was the ancestor of the Jigni family, and
his fourth son the ancestor of the Jasu Chiefs. Hardi Sah's son was named
Sobha Singh, and under his rule and that of his two successors the power
and extent of the State were diminished by frequent wars, and the setting-up
of independent chieftainships within its borders. The great-grandson of
Sobha Singh was named Kishor Singh, and he obtained a sanad from the
British Government in 1807. The late Maharaja rendered valuable services
during the Mutiny of 1857 ; in reward for which he obtained a handsome
khilat) the privilege of adoption, and a personal salute of 13 guns. The
present Maharaja succeeded in 1870; and in 1876 was invested with the
insignia of a Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of
India by His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. The area of the State is
2568 square miles; its population is 227,306, chiefly Hindus, but including
5989 Muhammadans and 16,690 belonging to various aboriginal tribes. It
is famous as producing the largest supply of diamonds of any district in India
in modern times. His Highness maintains a military force of 165 cavalry,
1157 infantry, 36 guns, and is entitled to a salute of 13 guns (including 2
guns personal).
Residence. Panna, Bundelkhand, Central India.
2 D
402 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
PANNA LAL, MEHTA, C.I.E., Rai, His Excellency.
Prime Minister of Udaipur.
Born August 1843. The title of Rai was conferred on ist January 1877,
as a personal distinction, on the occasion of the Proclamation of Her Most
Gracious Majesty as Empress of India. The title of " His Excellency " is
the courtesy title of the Rai as Prime Minister of the State of Udaipur,
Rajputana. Belongs to a family that long occupied a position of influence
in Bikanir, Rajputana, and that first acquired the designation of "Mehta"
from an ancestor, Kuram Chand becoming, some centuries ago, Prime
Minister of the State of Bikanir. Kuram Chand, Mehta, also received a
jdgir and honours from the Emperor of Delhi. Towards the end of the
1 6th century a grandson of Kuram Chand, Mehta, moved to Udaipur, and
settled there ; and his descendants, Agarji Mehta and Hunsrajji Mehta, rose
to high office under the Maharana Ari Singhji in 1762 A.D., receiving charge
of the fort and district of Mandalgarh in Mewar. Three of the descendants
of Agarji Mehta have been Prime Ministers of Udaipur before the present
Rai, namely, Devi Chand, Sher Singh, and Gokul Chand. The Mehta
Murali Dhar, father of the Rai, died in 1886. The Rai was created a Com-
panion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire in 1887. In 1858
he married the daughter of Rai Chhagan Lai, and has issue, a son and heir,
Kunwar Fateh Lai Mehta, born 1868, and educated at the Ajmir College.
Residence. Udaipur, Rajputana.
PANTH PIPLODA, NARAYAN RAO JANARDHAN, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1869; succeeded to the gadi in 1887. Belongs to a Deccan
Brahman family, and is a co-sharer in the Chiefship of this State with Pandit
Gopal Rao Narayan. The population of the State is 4086, chiefly Hindus.
Residence. Panth Piploda, Western Malwd, Central India.
PANTH PIPLODA, PANDIT GOPAL RAO NARAYAN, Chief of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1838; succeeded to \htgadi as a minor in 1850. Belongs to a
Deccan Brahman family, and is a co-sharer in the Chiefship of this State
with Narayan Rao Janardhan. The population of the State is 4086, chiefly
Hindus.
Residence. Panth Piploda, Western Mdlwa", Central India.
PAP SINGH (of Hardoi), Rdjd.
Born 4th June 1813. The title is hereditary. Belongs to a Sengar
Rajput family (see Raghbir Singh, Raja of Rura), claiming descent from
Saran Deo, who obtained the title of Raja with the jdgir of Sahao, about the
year 1095 A - D -> an d whose descendants are said to have remained in possession
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 403
until the Bundela invasion of the Maharaja Chhatar Sal. One of these, the
Raja Gokul Chand, obtained a jdgir from the Peshwa when the latter con-
quered Jalaun ; but on refusing to pay quit-rent he was ejected by Govind
Rao Pandit, who ultimately conferred on him the jdgir of Hardoi in Jalaun.
The Raja has a son and heir, Kunwar Nirand Singh.
Residence. Hardoi, Jalaun, North-Western Provinces.
PARAN CHANDRA BOSS, Rai Bahddur.
Has rendered good service as Honorary Magistrate of the Maniktaal
Municipal Bench in the Twenty-Parganas. Received the title as a personal
distinction, 25th May 1892.
Residence. Calcutta.
PARAPANAD, Valiya Rdjd of. See Raja Raja Varma Raja, Rdjd.
PARBAL PARTAB SINGH (of Malhajini), Rdjd.
Born 2oth August 1867. The title is hereditary. The Raja is Chief of
the Parihar clan of Rajputs ; descended from Mahip Singh, who came from
Jagni near Mahoba, and settled in the district of Etawah about seventy-five
years ago. The Parihars are a small clan of Rajputs, occupying the lands
between the rivers Kuari and Chambal, which under the name Parihara
formed a portion of Sarkar Trichh in the time of the Emperor Akbar. They
were notorious for their lawless character, and for harbouring gangs of Thags
and Dakaits. Their great ancestor was Bilan Deo, from whom the seventh
in descent was Nahar Deo. On the defeat of Anang Pal of Delhi in the
nth century the Chief of the Parihars, Sumit Rai, fled to the wild region of
the Panchnadi and colonised it, giving it the name Parihara. Raja Mahipat
Singh, who died about 1857, was succeeded by his son, Raja Bijai Singh,
who married a daughter of the Raja of Bhinga. He died in 1867, and was
succeeded by his son, the present Raja, then a minor, the estate being under
the Court of Wards till 1888. The Raja was educated at the Etawah High
School. He married the second daughter of the Raja Sheopal Singh (q.v.)
of Murarmau, in the Rai Bareli district of Oudh, the Chief of the Bais Tilok-
chandi clan. The title of Raja was recognised as hereditary in 1889.
Residence. Malhajini, Etawah, North-Western Provinces.
PARBHUDAS KISHANDAS MODI, Rao Bahddur.
Born 4th October 1831. The title was conferred on 26th June 1884, as
a personal distinction, for long and meritorious service in the Government
Service, in which he attained to the rank of Acting Assistant Accountant-
General of Bombay. He entered the Service in April 1851, and retired with
a good-service pension in April 1888, having greatly distinguished himself.
The Rao Bahadur has been thrice married (i) in March 1848, to Jamnabai,
daughter of Kasidas Ramdas, Esq., of Surat; she died in 1859: (2) in
404 THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA
February 1865, to Jamnabai, daughter of Gaurdhandas Premanand, Esq., of
Baroda; she died in 1877 : (3) m March 1878, to Prankorbai, daughter of
Vithaldas Farukhsiyardas, Esq., of Dharangaon, Khandesh. The Rao
Bahadur has adopted (in May 1886) a son, named Nagindas Parbhudas
Kishandas Modi, bom in 1878. The Rao Bahadur belongs to a Jadavbansi
Hallai Bhattia family, and was educated at Surat. He was appointed a
Justice of the Peace for Bombay in 1890.
Residence. Bombay.
PARDUMAN SINGH (of Rdmgarh), Mian.
The title is hereditary, the Mian being the eldest son of Sardar Ranjit
Singh of Ramgarh in the Ambala district. Belongs to a Rajput family,
claiming immediate descent from the Rajas of Kahlur (q.v.} or Bilaspur.
Raja Singar Chand, Raja of Bilaspur, had two sons, the elder of whom,
Megh Chand, inherited his father's Raj, while the younger, Kalal Chand, was
the ancestor of the Ramgarh Sardars. Tenth in descent from him was Surat
Singh, whose son, Khusal Singh, with three brothers, joined the Nahan Raja
in making large conquests, out of which they were permitted to retain Ram-
garh. The three brothers died without issue. Khusal Singh built a fort at
Ramgarh, and his two sons, the Sardars Maldeo Singh and Narayan Das
Singh, on his death divided his lands between them. One of the grandsons
of Sardar Maldeo Singh was Sardar Ranjit Singh of Ramgarh, who was a
jdgirddr Magistrate in the Ambala district, and father of Mian Parduman
Singh.
Residence. Ramgarh, Ambdla, Punjab.
PABIKUD, Rdjd of. See Gaur Chander.
PAEON, RAJA GAJANDHAR SINGH, Rdjd of.
A Ruling Chief.
Born 1869; succeeded to the gadi as a minor 3ist December 1882.
Belongs to the illustrious family of the Chiefs of the great Kachhwaha clan of
Rajputs, from which springs the family of His Highness the Maharaja of
Jaipur ; claiming descent from the second son of the legendary Solar hero,
Rama, and from the ancient Hindu Emperors of Ajudhya of the Surjya
Vansa or Solar dynasty. According to the Rajput chronicles the seventy-
second in descent from Rama was the Raja Nala, the hero of the famous
Sanskrit poem of Ndla and Ddmdydnti, who migrated westward (possibly in
the 3rd century), and founded the city of Narwar and the kingdom (re-
nowned in classical story) of Nishidha. One of the sons of Sora Singh,
Thakur of Narwar, thirty-third in descent from Raja Nala, was Dhola Rai,
who became the founder of the great State of Dhundar in Rajputana, better
known as Jaipur. The Kachhwaha Thakurs of Narwar, however, with an ex-
perience probably unique in Indian history, seem to have continued in pos-
session of that place from the semi-legendary times of the Raja Nala, through
all the vicissitudes of the Hindu, Pathan, and Mughal periods of domination,
right down to the time of the Mahrattas. At the commencement of the
present century the Thakur Madhu Singh, of the line of Nala, was still in
possession of Narwar, his family having held it during the lapse of at least
THE GOLDEN BOOK OF INDIA 405
fifteen centuries. But at last Madhu Singh was driven out by Daulat Rao
Sindhia, and revenged himself by continually raiding and plundering in the
territory of Gwalior. In 1 8 1 8 Madhu Singh was taken under British protec-
tion, and granted the State of Paron as a feudatory of Gwalior, on condition
of protecting the Gwalior territory from robbers. In 1857 Madhu Singh's
successor, Raja Man Singh, at first joined the mutineers, but in 1859 he
surrendered, under promise of being amnestied. Subsequently he rendered
valuable service to the Government in connection with the capture of Tantia
Topi, and was granted an increase of territory, with a pension. In 1883
Raja Man Singh died, and was succeeded by his son, the present Raja, then
a minor. The population of the State is 7328, chiefly Hindus; it contains
about thirty-four villages, of which the town of Paron is the chief.
Residence. Paron, Guna, Central India.
PARTAB. See Pratap.
PARTAB BAHADUR SINGH (of Katari), Rdjd.
Born loth^VIarch 1874. The title is hereditary, having been so recog-
nised in 1864. Belongs to the import 